Battery module heat dissipation structure and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery module heat dissipation structure and a battery pack, the battery module heat dissipation structure is suitable for battery modules of which poles are distributed on one side or two sides and are arranged in the same row, the heat dissipation structure comprises an inner heat dissipation piece, an outer heat dissipation piece and an outer heat dissipation piece, and the inner heat dissipation piece is attached to the outer surface of a series connection piece in the same row of the poles; the internal heat dissipation of the battery cells of the battery module is formed; and the outer heat dissipation piece is laid on a surface formed by stacking the plurality of battery cells along the thickness direction of the battery cells to form external heat dissipation of the battery module. According to the utility model, the temperature gradient in the battery pack is reduced, so that the uniformity of current in the battery pack is improved, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heat dissipation of battery packs, and in particular to a battery module heat dissipation structure and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles, the battery packs used in electric vehicles are required to have the characteristics of high energy, long cycle life and high safety performance; a certain amount of heat will be generated during the charging and discharging process of the battery pack, especially during the high current charging and discharging process, a large amount of heat will be generated inside the battery; and according to the structural characteristics of the battery pack, there are obvious differences in the thermal conductivity of the battery pack in different directions.

[0003] In the related art, liquid cooling or air cooling is usually used to cool the battery pack to quickly dissipate heat outside the battery module. The battery surface temperature cooling effect is obvious, but a significant temperature gradient will be generated inside the battery, affecting the distribution of current inside the battery, which in turn leads to inconsistent battery attenuation and shortens the service life of the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the utility model aims to propose a battery module heat dissipation structure to reduce the temperature gradient inside the battery pack, so as to improve the uniformity of the current inside the battery pack and increase the service life of the battery pack.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] A battery module heat dissipation structure is suitable for battery modules with poles distributed on one side or both sides and arranged in the same row, and the heat dissipation structure includes:

[0007] An internal heat sink is arranged on the outer surface of the connecting piece in the same row of the poles to form the internal heat dissipation of the battery cell of the battery module;

[0008] The external heat dissipation element is laid on the surface formed by stacking the plurality of battery cells along the thickness direction thereof, so as to form external heat dissipation of the battery module.

[0009] Furthermore, the internal heat dissipation component includes: a liquid cooling tube formed by bending a single tube with both ends located at the same end of the battery module, and an insulating thermally conductive adhesive layer that follows the shape of the liquid cooling tube so that the liquid cooling tube fits the outer surface of the connecting piece.

[0010] Furthermore, the external heat dissipation element includes:

[0011] A liquid cooling plate, having a liquid inlet for introducing a cooling medium into the liquid cooling plate and a liquid outlet for discharging the cooling medium;

[0012] The cold plate heat-conducting adhesive layer is bonded to connect the liquid cooling plate and the battery module to form heat conduction between the battery module and the liquid cooling plate.

[0013] Furthermore, reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected to both sides of the liquid cooling plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the width of the reinforcing rib plate is greater than the thickness of the liquid cooling plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the liquid cooling tube is formed by bending a square tube, a flat tube or a semicircular tube, so that the liquid cooling tube is in contact with the insulating heat-conducting adhesive layer in a flat surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the external heat dissipating element is attached to two symmetrical side surfaces in the height direction of the battery module.

[0017] Furthermore, the external heat dissipation element is attached to any one of the two symmetrical side surfaces in the height direction of the battery module.

[0018] Furthermore, the external heat dissipation element is attached between two side walls of the two groups of battery modules in the height direction.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] The heat dissipation structure of the battery module described in the utility model is realized by arranging an internal heat dissipation member on the outer surface of the connecting piece, so that the heat inside the battery cell is transferred to the connecting piece through the pole and then dissipated through the internal heat dissipation member, thereby realizing the heat dissipation inside the battery cell. The heat dissipation outside the battery module is realized by arranging an external heat dissipation member outside the battery module. The internal and external heat dissipation members are combined to realize the internal and external heat dissipation of the battery module; and the multi-faceted and three-dimensional heat dissipation of the battery module is realized. The heat dissipation inside and outside the battery pack is made consistent, and the temperature gradient inside the battery pack is reduced, so as to improve the uniformity of the current inside the battery pack and increase the service life of the battery pack.

[0021] By setting up a liquid cooling tube and passing a refrigerant into the liquid cooling tube, the refrigerant can quickly absorb the heat inside the battery module, achieve uniform and stable heat dissipation inside the battery module, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery module. By setting up an insulating thermal conductive adhesive layer, the gap between the liquid cooling tube and the connecting piece can be filled, the heat conduction area can be increased, and then the heat conduction efficiency can be improved.

[0022] By providing a liquid cooling plate with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid cooling plate can quickly absorb the heat emitted by the battery module shell after the refrigerant is introduced into the liquid cooling plate, and the circulating refrigerant can exchange heat with the battery module shell in time. The cold plate thermal conductive adhesive layer improves the connection stability between the liquid cooling plate and the battery module shell, fills the gap between the liquid cooling plate and the battery module, and increases the thermal conductivity efficiency of the liquid cooling plate.

[0023] By setting reinforcing ribs on both sides of the liquid cooling plate, the bending resistance of the liquid cooling plate can be improved and the strength of the liquid cooling plate can be improved; and when the battery modules are stacked up and down, the setting of the reinforcing ribs can prevent the liquid cooling plate from directly contacting the adjacent liquid cooling plates, thereby improving the safety of the battery modules.

[0024] Equipped with a reinforcing rib plate whose width is greater than the thickness of the liquid cooling plate, the external heat dissipating component can be limited under the battery module and will not move along the width direction of the battery module.

[0025] By using square tubes, flat tubes or semicircular tubes as raw materials, bending to form liquid cooling tubes, and making the plane of the formed liquid cooling tube fit with the connecting piece, compared with liquid cooling tubes made of round tubes, it has a larger contact area, thus having a faster heat dissipation speed and a higher heat dissipation rate.

[0026] By arranging the external heat dissipating elements on two symmetrical sides in the height direction of the battery module, rapid heat dissipation of the battery module is achieved to meet the needs of rapid and large-scale heat dissipation during high-power charging and discharging of the battery module.

[0027] By arranging an external heat sink on one of the side walls in the height direction of the battery, it is convenient for multiple groups of stacked battery modules to share one group of external heat sinks, which facilitates the stacking of battery modules and realizes rapid and uniform heat dissipation of the battery modules.

[0028] By arranging the external heat dissipating element between the two side walls in the height direction of two adjacent battery modules, the battery modules arranged in this way can be adapted to the battery housing with a top cold plate or a bottom guard plate with a cold plate, so as to meet different battery housings and adapt to more usage conditions.

[0029] The utility model also proposes a battery pack, comprising the battery module heat dissipation structure as described above.

[0030] The battery pack of the utility model realizes three-dimensional multi-faceted heat dissipation of the battery pack by connecting the battery module to the internal heat dissipation element and the external heat dissipation element, and realizes the combination of internal and external heat dissipation of the battery core, and finally realizes multi-faceted three-dimensional heat dissipation and internal and external heat dissipation. The heat dissipation is more uniform, the temperature gradient inside the battery pack is reduced, the uniformity of the current inside the battery pack is improved, and the service life of the battery pack is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 2For the utility model embodiment Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A;

[0034] Figure 3 For the utility model embodiment Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part B;

[0035] Figure 4 The embodiment of the utility model is an exploded view showing a single module and a single external heat sink;

[0036] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present utility model is an exploded view showing a dual-module single external heat sink.

[0037] Description of reference numerals: 1. internal heat sink;

[0038] 101. liquid cooling pipe; 102. insulating thermal conductive adhesive layer;

[0039] 2. External heat sink; 201. Liquid cooling plate; 2011. Liquid inlet; 2012. Liquid outlet; 202. Cold plate thermal conductive adhesive layer;

[0040] 3. Connecting piece;

[0041] 4. Pole;

[0042] 5. Battery module;

[0043] 6. Battery cells;

[0044] 7. Strengthen the ribs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, if there are terms such as "first" and "second", they are also used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" and "connector" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with specific circumstances.

[0048] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] The present embodiment relates to a battery module heat dissipation structure to reduce the temperature gradient inside the battery pack and improve the uniformity of the current inside the battery pack, thereby increasing the service life of the battery pack.

[0051] In terms of overall structure, the battery module heat dissipation structure is suitable for battery modules 5 distributed on one side or both sides of the pole 4 and arranged in the same row. The heat dissipation structure includes: an internal heat dissipation member 1, which is fitted on the outer surface of the connecting plate 3 in the same row of the pole 4 to form internal heat dissipation of the battery cell 6 of the battery module 5; an external heat dissipation member 2, which is laid on the surface formed by stacking multiple battery cells 6 along their thickness direction to form external heat dissipation of the battery module 5.

[0052] By arranging the inner heat sink 1 on the outer surface of the connecting sheet 3, the heat inside the battery cell 6 is transferred to the connecting sheet 3 through the pole 4 and then dissipated through the inner heat sink 1, so as to achieve heat dissipation inside the battery cell 6. By arranging the outer heat sink 2 outside the battery module 5, heat dissipation outside the battery module 5 is achieved. The inner heat sink 1 and the outer heat sink 2 are combined to achieve internal and external heat dissipation of the battery module 5; and multi-faceted and three-dimensional heat dissipation of the battery module 5 is achieved. The heat dissipation inside and outside the battery pack is made consistent, and the temperature gradient inside the battery pack is reduced, so as to improve the uniformity of the current inside the battery pack and extend the service life of the battery pack.

[0053] Based on the above overall introduction, the heat dissipation structure of the battery module in this embodiment is as follows: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the battery cells 6 are stacked along their width direction and the poles 4 of different battery cells 6 are connected through the connecting sheet 3 to form a battery module 5. The connecting sheet 3 is used to connect adjacent battery cells 6. Specifically, according to different types of batteries and different requirements of battery production design, the connecting sheet 3 is an aluminum bar or a copper bar or a bus bar, etc., whichever component satisfies the electrical connection between the battery cells 6. The heat inside the battery cell 6 is quickly extracted by heat dissipation through the connecting sheet 3, and the temperature gradient inside the battery is reduced, thereby improving the uniformity of the current and SOC inside the battery pack, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the battery cycle life.

[0054] In order to achieve rapid heat dissipation inside the battery cell 6, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the internal heat dissipation element 1 includes a liquid cooling tube 101 formed by bending a single tube so that both ends are located at the same end of the battery module 5, and an insulating thermal conductive adhesive layer 102 that conforms to the liquid cooling tube 101 so that the liquid cooling tube 101 fits the outer surface of the connecting piece 3. By providing the liquid cooling tube 101 and passing a refrigerant into the liquid cooling tube 101, the refrigerant can quickly absorb the heat inside the battery module 5, achieve uniformity and stability of heat dissipation inside the battery module 5, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery module 5. By providing the insulating thermal conductive adhesive layer 102, the gap between the liquid cooling tube 101 and the connecting piece 3 is filled, the heat conduction area is increased, and then the heat conduction efficiency is improved.

[0055] In order to make the liquid cooling tube 101 have a larger heat conduction area, as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the liquid cooling tube 101 is formed by bending a square tube, a flat tube or a semicircular tube, so that the liquid cooling tube 101 is flatly attached to the insulating thermal conductive adhesive layer 102. The liquid cooling tube 101 is formed by bending a square tube, a flat tube or a semicircular tube as a raw material, and the plane of the formed liquid cooling tube 101 is attached to the connecting piece 3. Compared with the liquid cooling tube 101 made of a round tube as a raw material, it has a larger contact area, thereby having a faster heat dissipation speed and a higher heat dissipation rate.

[0056] The two ends of the liquid cooling tube 101 are located at the same end of the battery module 5, which is convenient for introducing refrigerant into the liquid cooling tube 101. The insulating thermal conductive adhesive layer 102 is made of thermal conductive adhesive as raw material. The thermal conductive adhesive is a single-component, heat-conductive, room-temperature curing silicone adhesive sealant. The low molecular weight is released through the condensation reaction of moisture in the air to cause cross-linking and curing, and vulcanized into a high-performance elastomer. The thermal conductive adhesive has excellent resistance to cold and hot alternation, aging resistance and electrical insulation performance. It also has excellent moisture resistance, shock resistance, corona resistance, leakage resistance and chemical medium resistance. It can be used continuously at -60 to 280°C and maintain performance. It does not swell and has good adhesion to most metal and non-metal materials. When the thermal conductive adhesive is produced, it is a silicone rubber with organic silicone as the main body, fillers, thermal conductive materials and other polymer materials added, and mixed to form a silicone rubber with good thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties.

[0057] The refrigerant introduced into the liquid cooling pipe 101 can be a liquid refrigerant or a grease-based refrigerant. Specifically, a liquid refrigerant such as Freon R134a or an oil-based liquid such as polydimethylsiloxane or methyl silicone oil can be used as the cooling medium to quickly absorb the heat emitted by the battery module 5.

[0058] In order to quickly absorb the heat generated by the battery module 5 shell, Figures 1 to 3As shown, the external heat dissipating element 2 includes: a liquid cooling plate 201, having a liquid inlet 2011 for introducing a cooling medium into the liquid cooling plate 201 and a liquid outlet 2012 for discharging the cooling medium; and a cold plate thermal conductive adhesive layer 202, which is bonded to connect the liquid cooling plate 201 and the battery module 5 to form heat conduction between the battery module 5 and the liquid cooling plate 201. By providing a liquid cooling plate 201 having a liquid inlet 2011 and a liquid outlet 2012, after the refrigerant is introduced into the liquid cooling plate 201, the liquid cooling plate 201 can quickly absorb the heat emitted by the outer shell of the battery module 5, and the circulating refrigerant can exchange heat with the outer shell of the battery module 5 in time. The cold plate thermal conductive adhesive layer 202 improves the connection stability between the liquid cooling plate 201 and the outer shell of the battery module 5, and fills the gap between the liquid cooling plate 201 and the battery module 5, thereby increasing the thermal conductivity of the liquid cooling plate 201.

[0059] For the purpose of quickly absorbing the heat emitted by the battery module 5 shell, as an optional method, the liquid cooling plate 201 can also be a pipeline with a liquid inlet 2011 and a liquid outlet 2012, which is bent to form a plate-like structure that fits the battery module 5. The selected pipeline is a square tube, a flat tube or a semicircular tube, so that it has a flat surface that abuts the battery module 5 shell, thereby increasing the heat conduction area and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0060] In order to improve the structural strength of the external heat sink 2, reinforcing ribs 7 are fixedly connected on both sides of the liquid cooling plate 201. By arranging reinforcing ribs 7 on both sides of the liquid cooling plate 201, the bending resistance of the liquid cooling plate 201 is improved, and the strength of the liquid cooling plate 201 is improved; and when the battery modules 5 are stacked up and down, the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs 7 can prevent the liquid cooling plate 201 from directly contacting the adjacent liquid cooling plate 201, thereby improving the safety of the battery module 5. The width of the reinforcing ribs 7 is greater than the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 201. The external heat sink 2 can be limited below the battery module 5 by assembling the reinforcing ribs 7 whose width is greater than the thickness of the liquid cooling plate 201, so that the external heat sink 2 will not move along the width direction of the battery module 5.

[0061] Based on the purpose of simultaneously performing internal and external heat dissipation and three-dimensional heat dissipation on the battery module 5, as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, there are different types of arrangements of the external heat sink 2 and the battery module 5. Specifically, the external heat sink 2 is attached to two symmetrical sides of the battery module 5 in the height direction; or the external heat sink 2 is attached to any one of the two symmetrical sides of the battery module 5 in the height direction; or the external heat sink 2 is attached between the two side walls of the two groups of battery modules 5 in the height direction.

[0062] By arranging the external heat dissipation element 2 on the two symmetrical sides in the height direction of the battery module 5, rapid heat dissipation of the battery module 5 is achieved to meet the rapid and large-scale heat dissipation of the battery module 5 during high-power charging and discharging. By arranging the external heat dissipation element 2 on one of the side walls in the height direction of the battery, it is convenient for multiple groups of superimposed battery modules 5 to share a group of external heat dissipation elements 2, which is convenient for the battery modules 5 to be stacked and achieve rapid and uniform heat dissipation of the battery modules 5. By arranging the external heat dissipation element 2 between the two side walls in the height direction of two adjacent battery modules 5, the battery module 5 arranged in this way is adapted to a battery housing with a top cold plate or a bottom guard plate with a cold plate. This can meet the needs of different battery housings and adapt to more usage conditions.

[0063] When the battery module heat dissipation structure of this embodiment is used, the liquid cooling tube 101 is connected to the connecting plate 3 using an insulating heat conductive adhesive layer 102, thereby forming a connection between the internal heat dissipation element 1 and the battery module 5. Then, according to the type of battery pack, the arrangement of the external heat dissipation element 2 and the battery module 5 is selected. For example, if the battery pack has only a single battery module 5, the external heat dissipation element 2 is attached to the two symmetrical sides of the height direction of the battery module 5. After the connection, the refrigerant is introduced into the liquid cooling tube 101 and the liquid cooling plate 201 to realize the heat transfer between the battery module 5 and the refrigerant. The heat inside the battery cell 6 is transferred to the connecting plate 3 through the pole 4 and then dissipated through the internal heat dissipation element 1 to realize the internal heat dissipation of the battery cell 6. By arranging the external heat dissipation element 2 outside the battery module 5, the heat dissipation outside the battery module 5 is realized. The internal and external heat dissipation of the battery module 5 is realized by combining the internal heat dissipation element 1 and the external heat dissipation element 2; and the multi-faceted and three-dimensional heat dissipation of the battery module 5 is realized. Make the heat dissipation inside and outside the battery pack consistent and reduce the temperature gradient inside the battery pack to improve the uniformity of the current inside the battery pack and extend the service life of the battery pack.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] The present practical embodiment relates to a battery pack, comprising the battery module heat dissipation structure as described above.

[0066] The battery pack of this practical embodiment realizes three-dimensional multi-faceted heat dissipation of the battery pack by connecting the battery module 5 to the internal heat dissipation element 1 and the external heat dissipation element 2, and realizes the combination of internal and external heat dissipation of the battery cell 6, and finally realizes multi-faceted three-dimensional heat dissipation that combines internal and external heat dissipation. The heat dissipation is made more uniform, the temperature gradient inside the battery pack is reduced, the uniformity of the current inside the battery pack is improved, and the service life of the battery pack is increased.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery module heat dissipation structure, suitable for battery modules with poles distributed on one side or both sides and arranged in the same row, characterized in that: The heat dissipation structure comprises: An internal heat sink is arranged on the outer surface of the connecting piece in the same row of the poles to form the internal heat dissipation of the battery cell of the battery module; The external heat dissipation element is laid on the surface formed by stacking the plurality of battery cells along the thickness direction thereof, so as to form external heat dissipation of the battery module.

2. The battery module heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner heat dissipation element comprises: A single tube is bent to form a liquid cooling tube with two ends located at the same end of the battery module, and an insulating heat-conductive adhesive layer is formed along the liquid cooling tube to make the liquid cooling tube fit the outer surface of the connecting piece.

3. The battery module heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external heat dissipation element comprises: A liquid cooling plate, having a liquid inlet for introducing a cooling medium into the liquid cooling plate and a liquid outlet for discharging the cooling medium; The cold plate heat-conducting adhesive layer is bonded to connect the liquid cooling plate and the battery module to form heat conduction between the battery module and the liquid cooling plate.

4. The battery module heat dissipation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Reinforced ribs are fixedly connected to both sides of the liquid cooling plate.

5. The battery module heat dissipation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the reinforcing rib plate is greater than the thickness of the liquid cooling plate.

6. The battery module heat dissipation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid cooling tube is formed by bending a square tube, a flat tube or a semicircular tube, so that the liquid cooling tube is fitted with the insulating heat-conducting adhesive layer in a flat surface.

7. The battery module heat dissipation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The external heat sink is attached to two symmetrical side surfaces in the height direction of the battery module.

8. The battery module heat dissipation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The external heat sink is attached to any one of the two symmetrical sides in the height direction of the battery module.

9. The battery module heat dissipation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The external heat dissipating element is attached between the two side walls of the two groups of battery modules in the height direction.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery package is provided with a battery module heat dissipation structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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