Controllable forming machine for reducing diameter and increasing wall thickness of metal round pipe

Abstract

The utility model discloses a controllable forming machine for reducing and increasing the wall thickness of a metal round pipe. The controllable forming machine comprises a machine base, a heater, a hollow reducing die, an extrusion force applying mechanism and a damping force applying mechanism. Through the arrangement of the extrusion force applying mechanism, the damping force applying mechanism and the like, the wall thickness can be uniformly increased while extrusion thermal diameter reduction is performed, and the diameter reduction ratio and the wall thickness increasing proportion are controllable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of metal pipe processing, in particular to a controllable forming machine for reducing the diameter and increasing the wall thickness of a metal round pipe. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, metal pipes are usually reduced in diameter using a reducing die or a reducing mill composed of multiple rollers. The reducing mill easily forms thickened sections at both ends of the pipe in the length direction, and these unequal thickness sections are usually cut off. When the wall thickness and pipe diameter ratio reaches a certain ratio, the wall thickness of the reducing die will increase to a certain extent, but the proportion of this wall thickness increase is very small and uneven. More importantly, the use of a single reducing die cannot guarantee the straightness of the reduced product, and it must be straightened again before use. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a reasonable controllable forming machine for reducing the diameter and increasing the wall thickness of metal round tubes.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A controllable forming machine for reducing the diameter and increasing the wall thickness of a metal round tube, comprising a machine base, a heater, a hollow reducing die, an extrusion force applying mechanism, and a damping force applying mechanism;

[0006] The machine base includes an extrusion cylinder fixed vertical plate, a damping cylinder fixed vertical plate, a base, an upper frame, a lower frame, and a mold base. The extrusion cylinder fixed vertical plate, the damping cylinder fixed vertical plate, and the mold base are all vertically fixedly connected to the base base. A horizontally arranged upper frame and a lower frame are fixedly connected between the extrusion cylinder fixed vertical plate and the damping cylinder fixed vertical plate. The mold base is fixedly connected between the upper frame and the lower frame.

[0007] The extrusion force applying mechanism includes an extrusion oil cylinder and a movable top plate. The extrusion oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the extrusion oil cylinder fixed vertical plate. The free end of the piston rod of the extrusion oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable top plate. The movable top plate slides between the upper frame and the lower frame and performs a horizontal linear sliding motion relative to the upper frame and the lower frame under the action of the extrusion oil cylinder.

[0008] The damping force applying mechanism comprises a damping oil cylinder, a movable damping plate, and a damping push rod, wherein the damping oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the damping oil cylinder fixed vertical plate, the extension direction of the piston rod of the damping oil cylinder is opposite to the extension direction of the piston rod of the extrusion oil cylinder, the free end of the piston rod of the damping oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable damping plate, and the damping push rod is fixedly connected to the other side of the movable damping plate, the movable damping plate is slidably fitted between the upper frame and the lower frame, and under the action of the damping oil cylinder, the movable damping plate performs a horizontal linear sliding motion relative to the upper frame and the lower frame;

[0009] The heater and the hollow reducing die are arranged between the extrusion force applying mechanism and the damping force applying mechanism, and the heater is close to the extrusion force applying mechanism. The heater, the hollow reducing die, the damping push rod, the damping cylinder piston rod, the movable push plate and the movable cylinder piston rod are coaxially arranged.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of upper guide wheel mechanisms are connected to the upper frame, each of which includes an upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder, an upper guide wheel frame, and an upper guide wheel, wherein the cylinder barrel of the upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper frame, the piston rod of the upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder extends vertically downward and is fixedly connected to the upper guide wheel frame at the end of the piston rod, and the upper guide wheel is rotatably connected to the upper guide wheel frame; a plurality of lower guide wheel mechanisms are connected to the lower frame, each of which includes a lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder, a lower guide wheel frame, and a lower guide wheel, wherein the cylinder barrel of the lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower frame, the piston rod of the lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder extends vertically upward and is fixedly connected to the lower guide wheel frame at the end of the piston rod, and the lower guide wheel is rotatably connected to the lower guide wheel frame; the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel are symmetrically arranged one by one in upper and lower directions; and the upper guide wheel mechanism and the lower guide wheel mechanism are only arranged between the fixed vertical plate of the extrusion cylinder and the heater.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of lifting roller mechanisms are arranged between the hollow reducing die and the damping cylinder fixed vertical plate, each lifting roller mechanism includes a roller lifting cylinder, a roller fixing frame, and a roller, wherein the cylinder barrel of the roller lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower frame, the piston rod of the roller lifting cylinder extends vertically upward and is fixedly connected to the roller fixing frame at the end of the piston rod, and a roller is rotatably connected to each roller fixing frame.

[0012] Furthermore, a round tube feeding transverse movement mechanism is provided on one side or both sides of the lower guide wheel mechanism; the round tube feeding transverse movement mechanism includes a transverse movement platform and a moving-in feeding assembly, wherein the transverse movement platform includes a supporting frame, a transverse movement platform beam, and a stopper, wherein the supporting frame is fixedly connected to the lower frame, and two parallel transverse movement platform beams are fixedly connected to the top of the supporting frame, and the extension direction of each transverse movement platform beam is orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the lower guide wheel mechanism, and a stopper is fixedly connected to the top of each two ends of each transverse movement platform beam; the moving-in feeding assembly includes a telescopic arm beam, a U-shaped bracket, a moving-in telescopic arm cylinder, a moving-in telescopic arm, and a telescopic arm beam lifting cylinder, wherein the two telescopic arm beams are arranged between the two transverse movement platform beams and the telescopic arm beam is parallel to the transverse movement platform beam, and a moving-in telescopic arm is slidably fitted in each telescopic arm beam, that is, the telescopic arm beam is square The telescopic arm is a hollow tube, and the cross-section of the telescopic arm is also a square cross-section. Under the push of the telescopic arm cylinder, the telescopic arm can be extended and retracted inside the telescopic arm crossbeam; one end of the telescopic arm is connected to the piston rod of the telescopic arm cylinder, and the telescopic arm cylinder is fixedly connected to the telescopic arm crossbeam, and the telescopic arm crossbeam is hinged on the supporting frame. A U-shaped bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of each telescopic arm, and correspondingly, a U-shaped groove is opened on each telescopic arm crossbeam for the reciprocating motion of the U-shaped bracket to avoid interference with the U-shaped bracket on the telescopic arm during the reciprocating linear motion of the telescopic arm; the tail end of the telescopic arm crossbeam lifting cylinder is hinged on the supporting frame, the piston rod of the telescopic arm crossbeam lifting cylinder extends upward and the end of the piston rod is hinged to the telescopic arm crossbeam, and the piston rod of the telescopic arm crossbeam lifting cylinder can lift the telescopic arm crossbeam to swing and lift, and also lift the telescopic arm and the U-shaped bracket.

[0013] Furthermore, an extruded round tube moving-out platform is provided on one side of the lifting roller mechanism, and the extruded round tube moving-out platform comprises a basic frame, a moving-out platform platform cross beam, a moving-out telescopic arm, a moving-out telescopic arm cylinder, and a material stopper, wherein the basic frame is fixedly connected to the lower frame, and two mutually parallel moving-out platform cross beams are fixedly connected to the top of the basic frame, and the extension direction of each moving-out platform cross beam is orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the lower guide wheel mechanism, and a moving-out telescopic arm is slidably fitted in each moving-out platform cross beam, and one end of each moving-out telescopic arm is fixedly connected to the piston rod of a moving-out telescopic arm cylinder, and the tail of each moving-out telescopic arm cylinder is fixedly connected to the corresponding moving-out platform cross beam, and a material stopper is fixedly connected to the top of the free end of each moving-out telescopic arm.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The utility model can realize uniform increase of wall thickness while reducing diameter by extrusion heat through the arrangement of extrusion force applying mechanism, damping force applying mechanism, etc., and the diameter reduction ratio and wall thickness increase ratio are controllable;

[0016] 2. The utility model can effectively ensure the straightness of the reduced diameter round tube and can be used without straightening. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the transverse moving stand in the round tube feeding transverse moving mechanism of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the moving-in feeding assembly in the round tube feeding and transverse shifting mechanism of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the extruded round tube of the utility model being moved out of the stand;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cooperation between the telescopic arm and the telescopic arm crossbeam in the telescopic feeding assembly of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cooperation between the telescopic arm and the cross beam of the round tube removal stand in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cavity of the hollow reducing die of the utility model;

[0025] Among them: (1) is the machine base, (1-1) is the fixed vertical plate of the extrusion cylinder, (1-2) is the fixed vertical plate of the damping cylinder, (1-3) is the base, (1-4) is the upper frame, (1-5) is the lower frame, (1-6) is the center line of the molding machine; (2) is the extrusion cylinder, (2-1) is the piston rod of the extrusion cylinder; (3) is the movable top plate, (3-1) is the top head; (4) is the upper guide rail of the movable top plate; (5) is the lower guide rail of the movable top plate; (6) is the upper guide wheel mechanism, (6-1) is the upper guide wheel frame, (6-2) is the upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder, (6-3) is the upper guide wheel; (7) is the lower guide wheel mechanism, (7-1) is the lower guide wheel frame, (7-2) is the lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder, (7-3) is the lower guide wheel; (8) is the front mother pipe for reducing diameter; (9) is the heater, (9-1) is the cylindrical induction coil, (9-2) is the high temperature resistant frame; (10) is the reducing die, (10-1) is the die cavity; (11) is the die seat; (12) is the damping cylinder, (12-1) is the piston rod; (13) is the damping ejector rod; ( 14) is the movable damping plate; (15) is the upper guide rail of the movable damping plate; (16) is the lower guide rail of the movable damping plate; (17) is the reduced diameter round tube; (18) is the spare mother tube; (19) is the transverse moving platform, (19-1) is the transverse moving platform crossbeam, (19-2) is the supporting frame, (19-3) is the stopper; (20) is the moving feeding assembly, (20-1) is the telescopic arm crossbeam, (20-2) is the U-shaped bracket, (20-3) is the moving telescopic arm cylinder, (20-4) is the telescopic arm fixed hinge, (20-5) For moving the telescopic arm in, (20-6) is the telescopic arm crossbeam lifting cylinder; (21) is the lifting roller mechanism, (21-1) is the roller, (21-1-1) is the inclined plane, (21-2) is the roller lifting cylinder, and (21-3) is the roller fixing frame; (22) is for moving the extruded round tube out of the platform, (22-1) is the basic frame, (22-2) is for moving the platform crossbeam, (22-2-1) is the U-shaped groove, (22-3) is for moving out the telescopic arm, (22-4) is for moving out the telescopic arm cylinder, and (22-5) is the material stopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is now further described in conjunction with specific embodiments. The parts not described in detail below are all carried out according to the prior art in the field.

[0027] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the special molding machine of the utility model comprises a machine base 1, a heater (9), a hollow reducing die (10), an extrusion force applying mechanism, an upper guide wheel mechanism (6), a lower guide wheel mechanism (7), a damping force applying mechanism, a lifting roller mechanism (21), a round tube feeding and lateral movement mechanism, and an extruded round tube removal stand (22).

[0028] The machine base 1 includes an extrusion cylinder fixed plate (1-1), a damping cylinder fixed plate (1-2), a base (1-3), an upper frame (1-4), a lower frame (1-5), and a mold base (11). The extrusion cylinder fixed plate (1-1), the damping cylinder fixed plate (1-2), and the mold base (11) are vertically fixedly connected to the base (1-3), and further, the (1-1) extrusion cylinder fixed plate and the (1-2) damping cylinder fixed plate are connected and supported and fixed through the upper frame (1-4) and the lower frame (1-5). The mold base (11) is vertically fixed between the upper frame (1-4) and the lower frame (1-5). (1-6) is the center line of the molding machine.

[0029] The extrusion force applying mechanism comprises an extrusion cylinder (2) and a movable top plate (3). The extrusion cylinder (2) is horizontally fixed on an extrusion cylinder fixed vertical plate (1-1). The center line of the extrusion cylinder is coaxial with the center line of the molding machine (1-6). The movable top plate (3) is connected to the extrusion cylinder piston rod (2-1). The top head (3-1) is coaxial with the extrusion cylinder (2) and the top head (3-1) is fixed on the movable top plate (3). The upper guide rail (4) of the movable top plate is horizontally fixed on the upper frame (1-4). The lower guide rail (5) of the movable top plate is fixed on the lower frame (1-5). The upper part and the lower part of the movable top plate (3) are respectively embedded in and slidably matched on the upper guide rail (4) of the movable top plate and the lower guide rail (5) of the movable top plate. The movable top plate (3) moves horizontally between the upper guide rail (4) of the movable top plate and the lower guide rail (5) of the movable top plate. The upper guide rail (4) of the movable top plate and the lower guide rail (5) of the movable top plate ensure the linearity accuracy of the horizontal movement of the movable top plate (3).

[0030] A plurality of upper guide wheel mechanisms (6) are connected to the upper frame (1-4), each of which comprises an upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder (6-2), an upper guide wheel frame (6-1), and an upper guide wheel (6-3), wherein the cylinder barrel of the upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder (6-2) is fixedly connected to the upper frame (1-4), the piston rod of the upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder (6-2) extends vertically downward and the upper guide wheel frame (6-1) is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod, and the upper guide wheel (6-3) is rotatably connected to the upper guide wheel frame (6-1), and the upper guide wheel (6-3) is driven to rise and fall by the upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder (6-2) to press or leave the front mother pipe (8) before the diameter reduction; a plurality of lower guide wheel mechanisms (7) are connected to the lower frame (1-5), each of which comprises a lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder (7-2), a lower guide wheel frame (7-1), The lower guide wheel (7-3) comprises a cylinder barrel of a lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder (7-2) fixedly connected to a lower frame (1-5), a piston rod of the lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder (7-2) extending vertically upward and fixedly connected to the lower guide wheel frame (7-1) at the end of the piston rod, and rotatably connected to the lower guide wheel (7-3) on the lower guide wheel frame (7-1), the lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder (7-2) can make the lower guide wheel (7-3) lift and lower, that is, support or leave the front mother pipe (8) before the diameter is reduced, and the lifting height of the lower guide wheel (7-3) is controllable and adjustable, fully ensuring that the central axis of mother pipes of different specifications is horizontal and coaxial with the center line (1-6) of the molding machine; the upper guide wheel (6-3) and the lower guide wheel (7-3) are symmetrically arranged one by one in the upper and lower directions; and the upper guide wheel mechanism (6) and the lower guide wheel mechanism (7) are evenly arranged at equal intervals only between the fixed vertical plate (1-1) of the extrusion cylinder and the heater (9).

[0031] The heater (9) of the utility model is wound with a hollow flat copper tube into a cylindrical induction coil (9-1), the inner diameter of the cylinder is slightly larger than the outer diameter (8) of the mother tube before the diameter reduction, and is fixed on the lower frame (1-5) through an insulating high temperature resistant frame (9-2), and the center line of the inner diameter hole of the heater (9) is coaxial with the center line (1-6) of the molding machine. The hollow diameter reduction mold (10) is detachably connected to the mold seat (11), and the axis of the cavity (10-1) of the hollow diameter reduction mold (10) is coaxial with the center line of the extrusion molding machine. Under the push of the extrusion oil cylinder (2) to drive the moving top plate (3), the mother tube (8) before the diameter reduction passes horizontally between the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel while being heated, and then enters the cavity (10-1) of the hollow diameter reduction mold (10) to reduce the diameter.

[0032] The damping force applying mechanism comprises a damping oil cylinder (12), a movable damping plate (14), and a damping push rod (13), wherein the damping oil cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the damping oil cylinder fixed vertical plate (1-2) and is coaxial with the center line (1-6) of the molding machine, the extension direction of the piston rod (12-1) of the damping oil cylinder (12) and the extension direction of the piston rod (2-1) of the extrusion oil cylinder (2) are in opposite directions (both extend in the horizontal direction), the free end of the piston rod (12-1) of the damping oil cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the movable damping plate (14), the damping push rod (13) is fixedly connected to the other side of the movable damping plate (14), the damping push rod (13) is coaxially arranged with the damping oil cylinder (12), the upper guide rail (15) of the movable damping plate is fixed to the upper frame (1-4), and the lower guide rail (16) of the movable damping plate is fixed to the lower frame (1-5). The upper and lower parts of the movable damping plate (14) are respectively embedded and slidably matched on the movable damping plate upper guide rail (15) and the movable damping plate lower guide rail (16). The movable damping plate (14) moves horizontally left and right between the two guide rails (15) and (16), and the extruded reduced diameter round tube (17) has a diameter of D2.

[0033] In order to ensure that the extruded reduced diameter round tube (17) does not deform after exiting the hollow reduced diameter die (10), a plurality of lifting roller mechanisms (21) are evenly arranged between the hollow reduced diameter die (10) and the damping oil cylinder fixed vertical plate (1-2). Each lifting roller mechanism comprises a roller lifting cylinder (21-2), a roller fixing frame (21-3), and a roller (21-1), wherein the cylinder barrel of the roller lifting cylinder (21-2) is fixedly connected to the lower frame (1-5), the piston rod of the roller lifting cylinder (21-2) extends vertically upward and is fixedly connected to the roller fixing frame (21-3) at the end of the piston rod, and a roller (21-1) is rotatably connected to each roller fixing frame (21-3), and each roller (21-1) is formed with an inclined surface (21-1-1) on the outer circumference of the section in the length direction away from the extruded round tube moving out of the stand, and the inclined surface is inclined downward from the side away from the extruded round tube moving out of the stand to the side close to the extruded round tube moving out of the stand.

[0034] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6As shown, in order to place the spare mother tube (18) on the lower guide wheel (7-3), a round tube loading and lateral movement mechanism is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the center line (1-6) of the molding machine. The round tube loading and lateral movement mechanism comprises a lateral movement platform (19) and a feeding assembly (20), wherein the lateral movement platform (19) comprises a support frame (19-2), a lateral movement platform crossbeam (19-1), and a stopper (19-3). The support frame (19-2) is fixedly connected to the lower frame (1-5); two mutually parallel transverse platform beams (19-1) are fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (19-2); the extension direction of each transverse platform beam (19-1) is orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the lower guide wheel mechanism (7); a stopper (19-3) is fixedly connected to the top of one end or both ends of each transverse platform beam (19-1); the feeding assembly (20) comprises a telescopic arm beam (20-1), a U-shaped bracket (20-2), a telescopic arm cylinder (20-3), a telescopic arm (20-5), and a telescopic arm beam lifting cylinder (20-6). ), wherein two telescopic arm cross beams (20-1) are arranged between two transverse platform cross beams (19-1) and the telescopic arm cross beams (20-1) and the transverse platform cross beams (19-1) are parallel to each other, each telescopic arm cross beam (20-1) is fixedly connected between the support frame (19-2) and the lower frame (1-5), and a moving-in telescopic arm (20-5) is slidably matched in each telescopic arm cross beam (20-1), that is, the telescopic arm cross beam (20-1) is a square hollow tube, and the cross section of the moving-in telescopic arm (20-5) is also a square cross section. Under the push of the moving-in telescopic arm cylinder (20-3), the moving-in telescopic arm (20-5) can be moved in the corresponding telescopic arm The crossbeam (20-1) extends and retracts inside; one end of the telescopic arm (20-5) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the telescopic arm cylinder (20-3); the tail of the telescopic arm cylinder (20-3) is fixedly connected to the telescopic arm crossbeam (20-1), and the telescopic arm crossbeam (20-1) is hinged to the support frame (19-2) through the telescopic arm fixed hinge (20-4); a U-shaped bracket (20-2) is fixedly connected to the top of one end of each telescopic arm (20-5) close to the lower frame (1-5), and correspondingly, a section is opened on each telescopic arm crossbeam (20-1) for the U-shaped bracket (20-2) to make way for reciprocating motion. The U-shaped groove is formed on the telescopic arm to prevent the telescopic arm cross beam (20-1) from interfering with the U-shaped bracket (20-2) on the telescopic arm during the reciprocating linear motion of the telescopic arm; the tail of the telescopic arm cross beam lifting cylinder (20-3) is hinged on the support frame (19-2), the piston rod of the telescopic arm cross beam lifting cylinder (20-6) extends upward and the end of the piston rod is hinged to the telescopic arm cross beam (20-1) (the specific hinged position is the bottom of one end on the telescopic arm cross beam close to the lower frame), the piston rod of the telescopic arm cross beam lifting cylinder (20-6) can lift the telescopic arm cross beam to swing and lift, and also lift the telescopic arm (20-5) and the U-shaped bracket (20-2) at the same time.The telescopic arm cylinder (20-3) can be extended and retracted in the horizontal direction to realize feeding. The spare mother pipe (18) is placed on the horizontal beam (19-1) of the traverse platform for standby use. When needed, the spare mother pipe (18) is translated onto the lower guide wheel (7-3) using the feeding mechanism (20) to become the front mother pipe (8) before the diameter is reduced.

[0035] Figure 5 , Figure 7 The utility model is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the extruded round tube removal stand. In order to move the extruded reduced diameter round tube (17) out of the molding machine, an extruded round tube removal stand (22) is provided, and the extruded round tube removal stand (22) is arranged perpendicular to the center line of the molding machine and outside the molding machine. The extruded round tube removal stand (22) includes a basic frame (22-1), a removal stand crossbeam (22-2), a removal telescopic arm (22-3), a removal telescopic arm cylinder (22-4), and a material stopper (22-5). The basic frame (22-1) is fixedly connected to the lower frame (1-5), and two mutually parallel removal stand crossbeams (22-2) are fixedly connected to the top of the basic frame (22-1), the removal stand crossbeam (22-2) has a square hollow steel section, and the removal telescopic arm (22-3) also has a square section and is slidably fitted with the inner hole of the removal stand crossbeam (22-2). One end of each telescopic arm (22-3) is fixedly connected to a piston rod of a telescopic arm cylinder (22-4), the telescopic arm cylinder (22-4) is installed in the platform beam (22-2) and the tail of the cylinder of the telescopic arm cylinder (22-4) is fixed on the platform beam (22-2). In order to prevent the material blocking block (22-5) on the telescopic arm (22-3) from being interfered by the platform beam (22-2), a U-shaped groove (22-2-1) is also formed on the upper surface of each platform beam (22-2).

[0036] In actual use, the above-mentioned forming machine is used to reduce the diameter and increase the wall thickness of the metal round tube. The specific use process is achieved through the following steps:

[0037] In the first step, the plurality of lower guide wheels (7-3) are lowered to the same horizontal plane design position, and the plurality of upper guide wheels (6-3) are raised. When the first spare mother tube (18) close to the side of the lower frame (1-5) of the molding machine contacts the stopper (19-3) on the corresponding side, the feeding assembly (20) is started, and the telescopic arm crossbeam lifting cylinder (20-6) causes the telescopic arm crossbeam (20-1) to be lowered until the U-shaped bracket (20-2) is lower than the bottom skin of the spare mother tube (18). Then, the telescopic arm moving cylinder (20-3) is started to cause the U-shaped bracket (20-2) of the moving telescopic arm to be located below the first spare mother tube (18). Then, the telescopic arm crossbeam lifting cylinder (20-6) is raised to drive the telescopic arm crossbeam. (20-1), the telescopic arm (20-5) is raised, and the U-shaped bracket (20-2) lifts the first spare mother tube (18) near the lower frame (1-5) among the spare mother tubes (18) until the bottom of the spare mother tube (18) is higher than the stopper (19-3) on the side, and then the telescopic arm cylinder (20-3) is started to extend the telescopic arm (20-5) and move the spare mother tube (18) horizontally onto the lower guide wheel (7-3), so that the first spare mother tube becomes the front mother tube (8) with reduced diameter; multiple lower guide wheels (7-3) are raised to make the center line of the front mother tube (8) with reduced diameter coaxial with the center line (1-6) of the forming machine, and then the upper guide wheel (6-3) is lowered to press the front mother tube (8) with reduced diameter;

[0038] The second step is to start the squeezing cylinder (2) to drive the movable top plate (3) and the ram (3-1) to move to the left at a constant speed. When the ram (3-1) pushes into the tail end of the front reduced mother tube (8), it continues to move forward to push the front reduced mother tube (8) to move horizontally to the left. The front reduced mother tube (8) moves horizontally between the upper and lower guide wheels (6-3) and (7-3). When the movable top plate (3) approaches a pair of upper and lower guide wheels (6-3) and (7-3), the pair of upper and lower guide wheels (6-3) and (7-3) automatically rise and fall, so that the movable top plate (3) continues to move forward without interference.

[0039] In the third step, the front mother pipe (8) continues to move forward under the push of the extrusion cylinder (2). When the head of the front mother pipe (8) enters the heater (9), the heater is started, and a current and voltage are applied according to a set value to start heating the front mother pipe (8). The heating temperature is set to a fixed value within the range of 650-900° C. The front mother pipe (8) continues to move forward under the push of the extrusion cylinder and passes through the heater (9) while being heated to the design temperature.

[0040] In the fourth step, the extrusion cylinder (2) continues to push the front reduced diameter mother tube (8) forward, and the head of the heated front reduced diameter mother tube (8) enters the cavity (10-1) of the hollow reduced diameter die (10). The heated front reduced diameter mother tube (8) is continuously extruded into the cavity (10-1), and at the same time, the extruded reduced diameter round tube (17) is also continuously extruded from the left side of the cavity (10-1) of the die 10. Since the inner hole diameter of the cavity (10-1) gradually transitions from large to small and the longitudinal section is trumpet-shaped (such as Figure 8 ), mold cavity (10-1) entrance diameter D 0 The maximum exceeds the diameter D1 of the mother tube before the reduction. Therefore, the diameter D1 of the mother tube (8) before the reduction entering the mold cavity (10-1) is reduced to the diameter D2 of the extruded reduced diameter round tube (17), and the wall thickness of the tube changes from t1 to t2;

[0041] Step 5: before the reduced diameter round tube (17) is extruded out of the hollow reducing die (10), the damping oil cylinder (12) is opened, and the movable damping plate (14) together with the damping push rod (13) are pushed to move rapidly to the right by the piston rod (12-1), and the positioning shaft head (13-1) is stopped at a position flush with the outlet of the hollow reducing die (10);

[0042] In the sixth step, the extrusion cylinder (2) continues to push the front mother tube (8) forward. When the head of the extruded reduced diameter round tube (17) contacts the positioning shaft head (13-1) of the damping push rod (13), (13-1) pushes into the inner cavity of the extruded reduced diameter round tube (17). The damping cylinder (12) is reversed and moved backward by the program-controlled hydraulic system, and the backward speed of the piston rod of the damping cylinder (12) is slower than the forward speed of the extrusion cylinder (2), and the speed difference between the two is constant during the reduction process. A certain resistance, i.e., a damping effect, is generated on the forward movement of the extruded reduced diameter round tube (17). The damping force is adjustable and controllable. The result of the adjustable and controllable damping force and speed is that the reduction ratio of the extruded reduced diameter round tube (17), i.e., D1 / D2, and the wall thickness increase ratio of the tube, i.e., t2 / t1, can be controlled under the set conditions. The maximum primary diameter reduction ratio of the utility model is D2 / D1=0.6, and the maximum wall thickness increase ratio is t2 / t1=2.

[0043] In the seventh step, the first front-reduced mother tube (8) is completely extruded from the hollow reducing die (10) and falls on the roller (21-1) of the lifting roller mechanism (21). The roller of the lifting roller mechanism (21-1) is raised, and the extruded reduced-diameter round tube (17) rolls laterally along the roller inclined surface (21-1-1) to the stopper (22-5) on the removal telescopic arm (22-3) of the extruded round tube removal stand (22);

[0044] In the eighth step, the telescopic arm cylinder (22-2) is started to drive the telescopic arm (22-3) to contract, and the blocking block (22-5) brings the extruded reduced diameter round tube (17) to the crossbeam (22-2) of the removed stand and close to the outer end.

[0045] So far, the whole process of a tube is completed from lateral loading into the molding machine, then entering the extrusion and diameter reduction, and moving the extruded and reduced diameter product out of the molding machine.

Claims

1. A controllable forming machine for reducing the diameter and increasing the wall thickness of a metal round tube, characterized in that: It includes a machine base, a heater, a hollow reducing die, an extrusion force applying mechanism, and a damping force applying mechanism; wherein the machine base includes an extrusion oil cylinder fixed vertical plate, a damping oil cylinder fixed vertical plate, a base seat, an upper frame, a lower frame, and a die seat, wherein the extrusion oil cylinder fixed vertical plate, the damping oil cylinder fixed vertical plate, and the die seat are all vertically fixedly connected to the base seat, and a transversely arranged upper frame and a lower frame are fixedly connected between the extrusion oil cylinder fixed vertical plate and the damping oil cylinder fixed vertical plate, and the die seat is fixedly connected between the upper frame and the lower frame; the extrusion force applying mechanism includes an extrusion oil cylinder and a movable top plate, wherein the extrusion oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the extrusion oil cylinder fixed vertical plate, and the free end of the piston rod of the extrusion oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable top plate The movable top plate is slidably matched between the upper frame and the lower frame, and under the action of the extrusion cylinder, the movable top plate performs a horizontal linear sliding motion relative to the upper frame and the lower frame; the damping force applying mechanism comprises a damping cylinder, a movable damping plate, and a damping push rod, wherein the damping cylinder is fixedly connected to the damping cylinder fixed vertical plate, the extension direction of the piston rod of the damping cylinder is in the opposite direction to the extension direction of the piston rod of the extrusion cylinder, the free end of the piston rod of the damping cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable damping plate, and the damping push rod is fixedly connected to the other side of the movable damping plate, the movable damping plate is slidably matched between the upper frame and the lower frame, and under the action of the damping cylinder, the movable damping plate performs a horizontal linear sliding motion relative to the upper frame and the lower frame; The heater and the hollow reducing die are arranged between the extrusion force applying mechanism and the damping force applying mechanism, and the heater is close to the extrusion force applying mechanism. The heater, the hollow reducing die, the damping push rod, the damping cylinder piston rod, the movable push plate and the movable cylinder piston rod are coaxially arranged.

2. The controllable forming machine for reducing the diameter and increasing the wall thickness of a metal round tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of upper guide wheel mechanisms are connected to the upper frame, each of which includes an upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder, an upper guide wheel frame, and an upper guide wheel, wherein the cylinder barrel of the upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper frame, the piston rod of the upper guide wheel frame lifting cylinder extends vertically downward and is fixedly connected to the upper guide wheel frame at the end of the piston rod, and the upper guide wheel is rotatably connected to the upper guide wheel frame; a plurality of lower guide wheel mechanisms are connected to the lower frame, each of which includes a lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder, a lower guide wheel frame, and a lower guide wheel, wherein the cylinder barrel of the lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower frame, the piston rod of the lower guide wheel frame lifting cylinder extends vertically upward and is fixedly connected to the lower guide wheel frame at the end of the piston rod, and the lower guide wheel is rotatably connected to the lower guide wheel frame; the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel are symmetrically arranged one by one in upper and lower directions; and the upper guide wheel mechanism and the lower guide wheel mechanism are only arranged between the fixed vertical plate of the extrusion cylinder and the heater.

3. The controllable forming machine for reducing the diameter and increasing the wall thickness of a metal round tube according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plurality of lifting roller mechanisms are arranged between the hollow reducing die and the damping cylinder fixed vertical plate, each of which includes a roller lifting cylinder, a roller fixing frame, and a roller, wherein the cylinder barrel of the roller lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower frame, the piston rod of the roller lifting cylinder extends vertically upward and is fixedly connected to the roller fixing frame at the end of the piston rod, and a roller is rotatably connected to each roller fixing frame.

4. The controllable forming machine for reducing the diameter and increasing the wall thickness of a metal round tube according to claim 3, characterized in that: A round tube feeding transverse movement mechanism is arranged on one side or both sides of the lower guide wheel mechanism; the round tube feeding transverse movement mechanism comprises a transverse movement platform and a moving-in feeding assembly, the transverse movement platform comprises a support frame, a transverse movement platform beam and a stopper, wherein the support frame is fixedly connected to the lower frame, and two parallel transverse movement platform beams are fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, and the extension direction of each transverse movement platform beam is orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the lower guide wheel mechanism, and a stopper is fixedly connected to the top of each end of each transverse movement platform beam; the moving-in feeding assembly comprises a telescopic arm beam, a U-shaped bracket, a moving-in telescopic arm cylinder, a moving-in telescopic arm, and a telescopic arm beam lifting cylinder, wherein the two telescopic The arm crossbeam is arranged between the two transverse platform crossbeams and the telescopic arm crossbeam is parallel to each other, and a moving-in telescopic arm is slidably fitted in each telescopic arm crossbeam, and one end of the moving-in telescopic arm is connected with the piston rod of the moving-in telescopic arm cylinder, and the moving-in telescopic arm cylinder is fixedly connected to the telescopic arm crossbeam, and the telescopic arm crossbeam is hinged on the supporting frame, and a U-shaped bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of each moving-in telescopic arm, and correspondingly, a U-shaped groove is opened on each telescopic arm crossbeam for the reciprocating motion of the U-shaped bracket; the bottom of the telescopic arm crossbeam lifting cylinder is hinged on the supporting frame, the piston rod of the telescopic arm crossbeam lifting cylinder extends upward and the end of the piston rod is hinged to the telescopic arm crossbeam.

5. The controllable forming machine for reducing the diameter and increasing the wall thickness of a metal round tube according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cam is provided with a movable frame for extruding round tubes on one side of the lifting roller mechanism, and the movable frame for extruding round tubes comprises a basic frame, a movable frame crossbeam, a movable telescopic arm, a movable telescopic arm cylinder and a material stopper, wherein the basic frame is fixedly connected to the lower frame, and two movable frame crossbeams parallel to each other are fixedly connected to the top of the basic frame, and the extension direction of each movable frame crossbeam is orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the lower guide wheel mechanism, and a movable telescopic arm is slidably fitted in each movable frame crossbeam, and one end of each movable telescopic arm is fixedly connected to the piston rod of a movable telescopic arm cylinder, and the tail of each movable telescopic arm cylinder is fixedly connected to the corresponding movable frame crossbeam, and a material stopper is fixedly connected to the top of the free end of each movable telescopic arm.

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