Triple biological reaction open type organic waste treatment device

Abstract

The triplet type organic waste treatment device, the biogas digester, the nitrification tank and the earthworm breeding workshop provide factory growth and development spaces for three environmental biological populations, namely methane flora, nitrification flora and earthworms, and are communicated into an organic whole through pipelines, so that efficient and synergistic substance flow and energy flow are realized. Under the driving of energy flow, the methane flora is subjected to anaerobic fermentation and decarburization and ammonia increase, the nitrifying flora is subjected to chemical energy autotrophy and recarburization and deamination, and the earthworms assimilate and absorb all residual biomass energy of the methane flora and the nitrifying flora: biogas residues, nitrifying sludge and nitrifying liquid. No matter which type of front-end organic waste (livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, domestic sewage, industrial waste, kitchen waste and the like) passes through the triple biological reaction open type treatment device, terminal products only comprise methane (clean energy), earthworms (high protein) and wormcast (high humus organic fertilizer), and zero emission treatment of organic waste biomass energy gradient utilization is truly achieved.

Description

[0001] Technical field: The utility model relates to a biogas digester, and in particular to a triple biological reaction open organic waste treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Resources and environment are themes of human development, and organic waste treatment is an important part of it.

[0003] Faced with the environmental pressure of organic waste, humans have developed various treatment technologies. Among them, composting fermentation is a treasure in the history of my country's agricultural civilization, and has evolved into anaerobic fermentation technology for biogas digesters, becoming the main facility in the environmental protection industry. The treatment of biogas slurry and biogas residue has objectively become a major bottleneck restricting the development of the biogas industry.

[0004] On the other hand, earthworms, as great environmental engineers in nature, process countless organic wastes day and night, but they have always been lonely. Humans occasionally think of them, so there are sporadic artificial breeding. In the south, where the rainy season is long and waterlogging is easy, greenhouse breeding is mostly adopted, while in the north, there are both greenhouse breeding and open-air breeding. The breeding method is limited to individual households using pig, cattle, sheep, and chicken manure as feed, which is suitable for rural development and has not achieved true factory breeding, let alone economies of scale. In fact, the value of earthworms is seriously underestimated. Darwin called earthworms the most valuable organisms in the world. They form numerous reaction circles inside and outside their bodies through activities such as feeding, digestion, excretion, and burrowing, thereby affecting the biological, chemical, and physical processes of the environment.

[0005] Witnessing the plight of two ancient environmental biological populations, methanogens and earthworms, there is an idea of ​​combining methanogens and earthworms. Therefore, patents related to earthworm farming with biogas slurry and biogas residue were retrieved, but none of them mentioned the hidden dangers: the degradation of organic matter in biogas digesters will produce a large amount of ammonia. Experiments have shown that ammonia is toxic to earthworms, with a half-lethal concentration of 300 mg / L, and the ammonia nitrogen content of decomposed biogas slurry is higher than 1000 mg / L. Feeding earthworms with biogas slurry and biogas residue may cause the earthworms to escape at best or die of poisoning at worst. Coincidentally, the application number: 2023102003215 shows that ammonia is also the main inhibitor of methanogens and an important culprit for the shutdown of biochemical reactions in biogas digesters due to poisoning, and discloses a method for dynamic control of ammonia nitrogen concentration. The application number: 2023101850214 discloses a solid-liquid binary feeding method suitable for factory farming of earthworms.

[0006] Custom terms: Ammonia nitrogen - the general term for ammonia nitrogen compounds. Decarbonization - a series of biochemical reaction processes in which carbon-containing organic matter is degraded step by step and finally released as methane or carbon dioxide gas. Ammonia increase - a series of biochemical reaction processes in which organic nitrogen compounds are degraded step by step, resulting in an increase in ammonia nitrogen concentration. Deamination - a series of biochemical reaction processes in which nitrifying bacteria oxidize ammonia nitrogen to produce other nitrogen-containing compounds and release chemical energy. Carbon increase - a series of biochemical reaction processes in which nitrifying bacteria use the chemical energy released by the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen to synthesize carbon-containing organic matter from carbon dioxide. Downstream pipe - a pipe in which the reaction liquid flows from the biogas tank to the nitrification tank. Reflux pipe - a pipe in which the reaction liquid flows from the nitrification tank to the biogas tank. Summary of the invention

[0007] Based on this, a nitrification tank with high efficiency of deammonification is introduced to form a triple biological reaction open organic waste treatment device of biogas tank, nitrification tank and earthworm breeding workshop, so that the most important ancient environmental biological groups, methanogenic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and earthworms, are perfectly combined to realize the organic waste resource industry with cascade utilization of organic waste biomass energy, zero emission treatment and resource recycling. Under the triple mode, the microbial flora represented by methanogenic bacteria in the biogas tank fully degrades and decarbonizes the organic waste to generate methane, biogas slurry and biogas residue. The biogas slurry enters the nitrification tank through the pipeline. Under the action of chemoautotrophic microorganisms represented by nitrifying bacteria, ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen is removed, carbon is increased, and the ammonia nitrogen content is reduced to the safe range for earthworms to eat, and the nutritional composition is continuously adjusted to make it more suitable for the growth needs of earthworms. The nitrification tank produces nitrification liquid and sludge. The sludge in the nitrification tank is combined with various solid wastes (such as broken straw) to make a moist earthworm breeding bed matrix, and the nitrification liquid enters the fluid feeding system of the earthworm breeding workshop through the pipeline system.

[0008] Preferably, the biogas digester provides an anaerobic environment, and the methanogenic bacteria carry out strict anaerobic fermentation, decarbonization and ammonia increase; the nitrification tank provides an aerobic and light-proof environment, and the nitrifying bacteria carry out aerobic autotrophy, deammonification and carbon increase; the biogas digester and the nitrification tank are bidirectionally connected via downstream pipes and return pipes.

[0009] Preferably, high-concentration ammonia nitrogen in the biogas pool is exported to the nitrification tank for deammoniation in batches through the downstream pipe, and returned to the biogas pool through the reflux pipe; the downstream pipe and reflux pipe of the coupled double pools are provided with automatic control mechanisms, and whenever the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the biogas pool rises to 800 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen sensor signal triggers the pipeline control mechanism, and the reaction liquid intermittently convects in batches between the anaerobic and aerobic environments (for example: 1 / 20 volume of the biogas pool), realizing deammoniation treatment and reflux circulation, thereby realizing dynamic control of ammonia nitrogen concentration in the coupled double pools.

[0010] Preferably, the biogas digester and the nitrification tank are coupled to form a liquid food reserve and regulation reservoir for the earthworm breeding workshop; the organic solid waste is jointly treated by the biogas digester and the nitrification tank, and the nitrification liquid contains rich soluble earthworm nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients, iron, copper, manganese and other trace elements, amino acids, organic acids, hydrolases, vitamins, hormones, etc.; it is particularly suitable for fluidized and pipelined daily feeding in earthworm breeding workshops; it is transported to the earthworm bed trough on the multi-layer earthworm bed frame through a pipeline, and then continuously replenished to the earthworm bed through the seepage holes at the bottom of the earthworm bed boxes placed side by side in the earthworm bed trough and the capillary action of the earthworm bed matrix.

[0011] Preferably, the earthworm bed frames, earthworm bed troughs and earthworm bed boxes of the earthworm breeding workshop are modularized and matched in integer multiples of steps; the earthworm bed troughs are installed on the multi-layer earthworm bed frames; the inlet of the fluid feeding pipeline is located on the inner side of the earthworm bed trough, and an electromagnetic valve is installed at the front end of the inlet; the length of the earthworm bed trough is matched with an integer multiple of the earthworm bed box, and the bottom can be used for earthworm bed boxes to be arranged longitudinally; the earthworm bed trough is integrated with a water level sensor.

[0012] Preferably, solid food is formulated into a moist earthworm bed matrix; the earthworm bed box is a rectangular box; a layer of earthworm bed wrapping cloth is laid on the bottom of the earthworm bed box, and an earthworm bed matrix with a thickness of 20 to 30 cm is laid on the earthworm bed wrapping cloth; after the earthworm bed matrix solidifies to form a moist and fluffy earthworm bed, earthworm seedlings are inoculated; after the inoculation is completed, the earthworm bed is completely wrapped with the wrapping cloth.

[0013] Preferably, liquid food is a daily food that has the functions of supplementing nutrients and replenishing water and moisture.

[0014] Beneficial effects: 1. Cascade utilization of biomass energy. Organic waste is decarbonized by anaerobically in a biogas digester to produce clean methane energy, which is the first utilization of biomass energy; Secondary utilization of biomass energy: nitrifying bacteria use the chemical energy released by ammonia nitrogen oxidation to assimilate carbon dioxide to synthesize carbon-containing organic matter; Tertiary utilization of biomass energy: earthworms assimilate and absorb all organic components and bacteria remaining in the methane bacteria and nitrifying bacteria, producing a large number of earthworms and earthworm manure, truly achieving zero emission of waste utilization. 2. Greatly improve the reduction, resource utilization and harmlessness of organic waste treatment. 3. Dynamically control the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, fundamentally eliminate the risk of shutdown caused by ammonia nitrogen, extend the gas production life of the biogas digester and improve the gas production efficiency. 4. Biogas digesters and nitrification ponds serve as reserve and regulation reservoirs for earthworm breeding feed, perfectly solving the mismatch problem between waste supply and breeding cycle, and avoiding secondary environmental pollution caused by open-air stacking of organic waste. 5. Organic solid waste is treated in biogas tanks and nitrification tanks, and the solids are softened and fluidized, which increases the palatability of earthworms and facilitates fluid feeding; it greatly increases the content of microorganisms, humic acid, organic acid, and amino acids, becoming a real nutrient solution for earthworms, which is beneficial to earthworm digestion and absorption and the formation of earthworm castings pellet structure, thereby increasing earthworm yield and earthworm castings quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Attached Figure 1For: Triple biological reaction open organic waste treatment device

[0016] 1——Methane tank 2——Nitrification tank 3——Earthworm breeding workshop 4——Online ammonia nitrogen sensor 5——Shunliu pipe 6——Return pipe 7——Feeding pipe 8——Online solenoid valve 9——Online pipeline booster pump 10——Online electromagnetic flowmeter Implementation

[0017] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should recognize that the present invention covers all possible alternatives, improvements and equivalents within the scope of the claims.

[0018] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "coupling", "connection" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] The triple biological reaction gives the organic waste treatment device the characteristics of cascade utilization of biomass energy flow; the primary utilization of biomass energy: the methanogenic bacteria gradually degrade organic waste to release methane clean energy; the secondary utilization of biomass energy: the nitrifying bacteria oxidize ammonia nitrogen to release chemical energy, which is used to assimilate carbon dioxide to synthesize carbon-containing organic matter; the tertiary utilization of biomass energy: earthworms assimilate and absorb all the residual biomass energy from the biological reactions of the methanogenic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria. The energy flow of the triple biological reaction drives the open organic waste treatment device to derive the zero-emission material flow characteristics; the front-end raw materials: organic waste, water, the back-end products: methane (clean energy), earthworms (high protein), earthworm manure (high humus organic fertilizer).

[0020] The bacterial communities involved in the utility model are all ancient environmental biological communities widely existing in nature. They are populations related to a series of biochemical reactions, not a single species, and do not need to be specially provided. They can be screened and obtained under set conditions. The original culture sources can be sludge from rivers, lakes, swamps, sewers, and drainage ditches. In other words, the same culture source and the direction of differentiation selection can produce different bacterial communities: methane bacteria and nitrifying bacteria.

[0021] By setting the cultivation parameters: temperature 25~45℃, pH value 7.0~7.3, redox potential -150 to -400 mV, carbon-nitrogen ratio 12~16, dry matter concentration 6%~12%, a type of bacteria related to methanogenesis can be screened out: methanogenic bacteria. The disproportionate selection direction is actually a biogas digester designed for methanogenic bacteria to simulate the anaerobic environment of the earth in the early days of the origin of life (in reality, many biogas digesters directly use various sludges to cultivate and screen methanogenic bacteria), which is also the preferred living environment for methanogenic bacteria. my country has set standards specifically for methanogenic bacteria housing projects, namely the industry standard "NY / T 1220.1~2006 "Technical Specifications for Biogas Engineering - Process Design" stipulates that the biogas digesters required for the specific implementation of this utility model can be designed and constructed in accordance with this standard; it should be noted here that the bacterial composition and dominant species of the methanogenic bacteria are in dynamic change in different biogas digesters, or in different use conditions of the same biogas digester, or even in different periods of the same use conditions of the same biogas digester; when the biogas fermentation is started, the inoculum / raw materials / water are mixed in a ratio of 1 / 2 / 5. Before the starting raw materials enter the biogas digester, they should be composted for 3 to 6 days at a moisture content of about 60% to 70%, and covered with plastic film to gather heat and enrich the bacteria.

[0022] Set the culture parameters: avoid light, ammonia nitrogen concentration 20~60mg / L, dissolved oxygen 2~3mg / L, temperature 25~30℃, pH7.5~8.5, and screen out a type of bacteria related to nitrification reaction: nitrifying bacteria group; the light-proof environment is easily overlooked here, the growth of nitrifying bacteria has no direct relationship with light, but the cyanobacteria that compete with nitrifying bacteria can photosynthesize and have a special preference for light. Light will put nitrifying bacteria in a weak position and cause the screening culture to fail; the direction of disproportionate selection evolves into a nitrification tank (in reality, many nitrification tanks are directly cultured with various sludges Screening nitrifying bacteria); the coupled nitrification pond of the utility model can be understood as an aeration pond specially designed for deammonification of nitrifying bacteria; there are many common aeration methods: plug flow aeration, complete mixing aeration, blast aeration, mechanical aeration, jet aeration, swirl aeration, sequencing batch aeration, each of these aeration methods has its own characteristics, some are traditional, some are classic, some are simple, some are efficient, and some are durable. As long as the set parameters are met, they are all suitable for the utility model; as an embodiment, the most traditional plug flow aeration method is selected here: the flow of liquid flows sequentially from the inlet end of the pool to the outlet end along the longitudinal direction of the pool.

[0023] The earthworms involved in the utility model are species widely existing in nature, and do not need to be specially provided as a designated single species. They can be collected and bred from suitable soil by themselves, or obtained through commercial channels.

[0024] The biogas tank is coupled with the nitrification tank through a downstream pipe and a return pipe; the downstream pipe and the return pipe of the coupled double tanks are provided with an automatic control mechanism.

[0025] In the biogas digester, the downstream outlet is installed at 80% of the liquid level of the digester wall, and the return inlet is installed on the digester wall opposite to the downstream pipe outlet, close to the bottom of the digester. The two pipe outlets are installed at the farthest diagonal position as possible to minimize mutual interference during intermittent convection of the reaction liquid in the two digesters. The ammonia nitrogen sensor is installed above the return pipe inlet of the biogas digester.

[0026] The flow of the liquid in the nitrification tank flows sequentially from the inlet end to the outlet end along the longitudinal direction of the tank; the downstream pipe inlet is installed at the inlet end of the plug flow nitrification tank, and the reflux pipe outlet is installed at the outlet end of the plug flow nitrification tank; the nitrifying bacteria use the chemical energy released by ammonia nitrogen oxidation to synthesize carbon-containing organic matter from carbon dioxide.

[0027] The organic solid waste is treated jointly by a biogas tank and a nitrification tank. The nitrification liquid contains rich soluble earthworm nutrients, such as nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements such as iron, copper, manganese, amino acids, organic acids, hydrolases, vitamins, hormones, etc.; it can be fluidized and piped for daily feeding; it is transported to the earthworm bed troughs on the multi-layer earthworm bed frames through pipes, and then continuously replenished to the earthworm bed through the seepage holes at the bottom of the earthworm bed boxes placed side by side in the earthworm bed troughs and the capillary action of the earthworm bed matrix.

[0028] The total outlet of the feeding pipeline is installed at the outlet end of the nitrification tank and is connected to each earthworm bed slot on the earthworm bed frame of the earthworm breeding workshop. The inlet of the fluid feeding pipeline is located on the inner side of the earthworm bed slot, and an electromagnetic valve is installed at the front end of the inlet; the earthworm bed slot is integrated with a water level sensor.

[0029] The worm bed box is arranged longitudinally in the worm bed groove. It is a modular rectangular box, 100 cm long, 50 cm wide and 33 cm deep. There are three longitudinal U-shaped grooves on the bottom plane with the same length as the worm bed box, one on each side and one in the middle. The grooves are 3 cm wide and 3 cm deep, and there are several seepage holes evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction on the bottom.

[0030] The earthworm bed frame, earthworm bed trough, and earthworm bed box are modularized and matched in ladder integer multiples. For example, a breeding workshop is equipped with 100 earthworm bed frames, each earthworm bed frame has 4 layers and 4 earthworm bed troughs, and each earthworm bed trough has 4 earthworm bed boxes arranged vertically. The earthworm bed frame and earthworm bed trough are preferably made of stainless steel; the earthworm bed box is preferably made of plastic.

[0031] The bottom of the earthworm bed box needs to be laid with earthworm bed wrapping cloth first. The specifications of the earthworm bed wrapping cloth are 150cm*150cm, which matches the earthworm bed box that is 100cm long, 50cm wide and 33cm deep.

[0032] Solid food (organic solid waste: such as crushed straw) is mixed with nitrification tank sludge and sludge to form a semi-solid earthworm bed matrix with a humidity of 50~80%. A suspended earthworm bed paving vehicle is used to lay the earthworm bed matrix with a thickness of 20~30cm on the earthworm bed wrapping cloth, which is solidified to form a moist and fluffy earthworm bed.

[0033] After the earthworm bed is solidified, earthworm seedlings can be put in, with 2.5 kg of young earthworms per square meter of earthworm bed. After the earthworm seedlings are inoculated, the earthworm bed is completely wrapped with the earthworm bed wrapping cloth. At this point, the fluidized and pipelined daily feeding mode of the breeding cycle begins. The liquid food enters the earthworm bed groove through the fluid feeding pipeline system, enters the earthworm bed box through the U-shaped groove seepage hole, and then continuously replenishes water, moisture and nutrients to the earthworm bed through the capillary action of the earthworm bed wrapping cloth and the earthworm bed matrix.

[0034] The biogas tank and nitrification tank are equipped with ammonia nitrogen and water level sensors; the downflow pipe and reflux pipe are equipped with solenoid valves, pipeline booster pumps and electromagnetic flow meters; the four walls of the earthworm breeding workshop are equipped with heating and humidification air ducts and temperature and humidity sensors; each earthworm bed trough is integrated with a water level sensor, and the front end of the earthworm bed trough feeding pipe inlet is integrated with a solenoid valve; all sensors and solenoid valves are connected to the processor, and the system sets different parameters according to different stages, thereby realizing the automation of daily management.

Claims

1. A triple biological reaction open organic waste treatment device, including a biogas tank, a nitrification tank, and an earthworm breeding workshop, Its characteristics are: The biogas tank is coupled with the nitrification tank through a downstream pipe and a return pipe. The downstream pipe and the return pipe of the coupled double tanks are provided with an automatic control mechanism. Through the downstream pipe and the return pipe, the reaction liquid is batch-type intermittently convected between the anaerobic and aerobic environments; the nitrification tank is connected with the earthworm breeding workshop by a feeding pipe, through which liquid food is transported to the rear earthworm breeding workshop.

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