Hydraulic breaking hammer

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a hydraulic breaking hammer. The hydraulic breaking hammer solves the problem that an energy accumulator in an existing hydraulic breaking hammer is short in service life. The hydraulic breaking hammer comprises a middle cylinder body, an oil cavity is formed in the middle cylinder body, an impact piston capable of doing reciprocating motion is arranged in the oil cavity, and the hydraulic breaking hammer is characterized in that the tail of the middle cylinder body is connected with a rear cylinder body, the rear cylinder body is provided with an air chamber located on the rear side of the oil cavity, and the impact piston is partially located in the air chamber and blocks the air chamber and the oil cavity; the rear cylinder body is further provided with an energy storage cavity communicated with the oil cavity, an energy storage piston capable of doing reciprocating motion is arranged in the energy storage cavity, gas exists on the side, away from the oil cavity, of the energy storage cavity, when the pressure in the oil cavity is larger than the gas pressure, the energy storage piston moves towards the tail of the rear cylinder body to compress the gas, and when the oil pressure in the oil cavity drops, the energy storage piston moves towards the tail of the rear cylinder body to compress the gas. The energy storage piston moves towards the front portion of the middle cylinder body to release gas pressure. According to the utility model, the service life of the energy accumulator is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment, and in particular relates to a hydraulic breaker hammer. Background Art

[0002] Large hydraulic breakers are often used in breaking operations everywhere. When the hydraulic breaker breaks hard objects that are not easy to absorb collision energy, the high and low pressure switching chamber in the middle cylinder will produce huge pressure fluctuations. The pressure fluctuations may cause the hydraulic breaker to rebound or even cavitation, affecting the normal operation of the hydraulic breaker.

[0003] Traditional hydraulic breakers generally include a hydraulic-pneumatic system. Usually, this system has a high-pressure accumulator in the oil inlet channel. The accumulator is used to store energy in the hydraulic-pneumatic system. It converts the energy in the system into compression energy and stores it at the right time. When the system needs it, it converts the compression energy into hydraulic energy and releases it to replenish the system. At the same time, when the system pressure increases instantly, it can absorb this part of the energy to ensure the stability of the pressure of the entire system.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent authorization announcement number: CN216041434U discloses a hydraulic breaker with multiple accumulators. The breaker is equipped with an accumulator, which can absorb the large oil pressure generated instantly in the oil return chamber during oil return, and reduce the peak oil pressure in the oil return chamber. The accumulator adopts a leather cup structure. When the breaker is working, the leather cup in the accumulator will deform frequently. The leather cup is prone to fatigue damage during repeated deformation, which increases the user's cost of use. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to propose a hydraulic breaker in view of the above problems in the prior art. The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: how to improve the service life of the accumulator.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A hydraulic breaker, comprising a middle cylinder body, wherein the middle cylinder body has an oil cavity, wherein the oil cavity has an impact piston capable of reciprocating movement, characterized in that the tail of the middle cylinder body is connected to a rear cylinder body, wherein the rear cylinder body has an air chamber located at the rear side of the oil cavity, wherein part of the impact piston is located in the air chamber and blocks the air chamber from the oil cavity;

[0008] The rear cylinder body also has an energy storage chamber connected to the oil chamber, and the energy storage chamber is provided with an energy storage piston capable of reciprocating movement. The energy storage chamber has gas on the side away from the oil chamber. When the pressure in the oil chamber is greater than the gas pressure, the energy storage piston moves toward the tail of the rear cylinder body to compress the gas. When the oil pressure in the oil chamber decreases, the energy storage piston moves toward the front of the middle cylinder body to release the gas pressure.

[0009] The hydraulic breaker comprises a middle cylinder body and a rear cylinder body. An impact piston is provided in the oil chamber in the middle cylinder body, and one end of the impact piston extends into the air chamber. After the impact piston blocks the air chamber and the oil chamber, the air pressure in the air chamber can be kept stable, so that the impact piston can realize reciprocating motion under the action of the oil pressure change in the oil chamber and the air pressure in the air chamber; the energy storage chamber on the rear cylinder body is connected with the oil chamber. When the oil pressure in the oil chamber rises to be greater than the gas pressure, the energy storage piston moves toward the tail of the rear cylinder body to compress the gas. When the oil pressure in the oil chamber drops, the gas pressure in the energy storage chamber acts on the energy storage piston, so that the energy storage piston moves toward the front of the middle cylinder body to release the gas pressure. Compared with the leather cup in the traditional accumulator, the energy storage piston in the hydraulic breaker can significantly improve the service life and reliability of use.

[0010] In the above-mentioned hydraulic breaker, the energy storage chamber includes chamber 1 and chamber 2, the chamber 1 is connected with the oil chamber, the chamber 2 contains gas, the aperture of the chamber 1 is smaller than the aperture of the chamber 2, and the chamber 2 has a step surface for the energy storage piston to abut against. When the oil pressure in the oil chamber is lower than the gas pressure in the chamber 2, the energy storage piston can abut against the step surface to prevent the gas from entering the oil chamber, thereby ensuring the stable use of the hydraulic breaker.

[0011] In the above hydraulic breaker, the front section of the energy storage piston is located in chamber 1, and the rear section is located in chamber 2. The diameter of the front section of the energy storage piston is smaller than the diameter of the rear section. When the oil in the oil chamber rises and enters the energy storage chamber, the oil will contact the front section end face of the energy storage piston. Since the areas at both ends of the energy storage piston are different, the energy storage piston can react faster to the pressure change of the oil return channel.

[0012] In the above hydraulic breaker, the rear cylinder body is provided with an air injection hole connected to the chamber 2. The air injection hole on the rear cylinder body can adjust the air pressure in the energy storage chamber according to actual needs.

[0013] In the above hydraulic breaker, a vent hole connecting the second chamber and the air chamber is also provided on the rear cylinder body. The gas in the second chamber and the air chamber can be shared through the vent hole, which has a simple structure and can improve the utilization rate of the gas.

[0014] In the above hydraulic breaker, the gas injection hole and the vent hole are both located at the tail of chamber 2. Providing the gas injection hole and the vent hole at the tail of chamber 2 can prevent gas from entering chamber 1 when the gas injection and energy storage piston move, thereby ensuring the reliability of the hydraulic breaker.

[0015] In the above-mentioned hydraulic breaker, the oil chamber and chamber one respectively have limiting surfaces, and a sealing ring one, a connecting pipe and a sealing ring one are arranged in sequence from front to back between the two limiting surfaces. The rear cylinder body is connected to the middle cylinder body, and the step surfaces on the oil chamber and chamber one squeeze and fix the sealing ring one, the connecting pipe and the sealing ring one.

[0016] In the above hydraulic breaker, a sealing ring 2 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting pipe, and a groove suitable for accommodating the sealing ring 2 is opened on the end face of the middle cylinder body, and the groove wall of the groove and the end face of the rear cylinder body squeeze the sealing ring 2.

[0017] In the above-mentioned hydraulic breaker, a sealing ring three is provided on the front section of the energy storage piston.

[0018] Compared with the existing technology, this hydraulic breaker has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The reciprocating energy storage piston adopts a piston, which can greatly increase the service life of the accumulator compared with the leather cup structure of the traditional accumulator.

[0020] 2. The gas in the energy storage chamber and the gas chamber is shared, which has a simple structure and can improve the utilization rate of the gas.

[0021] 3. The different areas at both ends of the energy storage piston can make the energy storage piston respond to the pressure changes in the oil return channel more quickly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hydraulic breaker.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Section view AA.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hydraulic breaker embodiment 2.

[0025] In the figure, 1, middle cylinder body; 1a, oil chamber; 1b, embedded groove; 2, rear cylinder body; 3, air chamber; 4, energy storage chamber; 4a, chamber one; 4b, chamber two; 5, energy storage piston; 6, step surface; 7, air injection hole; 8, vent hole; 9, limit surface; 10, sealing ring one; 11, connecting pipe; 12, sealing ring two; 13, sealing ring three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Embodiment 1

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic breaker includes a middle cylinder body 1 and a rear cylinder body 2. The middle cylinder body 1 has an oil chamber 1a, and the oil chamber 1a has an impact piston capable of reciprocating motion. The rear cylinder body 2 is connected to the tail of the middle cylinder body 1. The rear cylinder body 2 has an air chamber 3 located at the rear side of the oil chamber 1a. Part of the impact piston is located in the air chamber 3 and blocks the air chamber 3 from the oil chamber 1a. The existing impact piston is arranged in the oil chamber 1a and the air chamber 3, and can separate the air chamber 3 from the oil chamber 1a, which will not be described in detail here. The oil chamber 1a is connected to the external oil circuit, and the oil pressure in the oil chamber 1a will make the hydraulic breaker work. The air pressure in the air chamber 3 can be kept stable, so that the impact piston can achieve reciprocating motion under the action of the oil pressure change in the oil chamber 1a and the air pressure in the air chamber.

[0028] Specifically, the rear cylinder body 2 is also provided with an energy storage chamber 4 which is connected to the oil chamber 1a. Figure 2 As shown, the oil chamber 1 a includes a main chamber and a sub-chamber, wherein the impact piston is located in the main chamber, and the sub-chamber is a chamber extending from the main chamber toward the energy storage chamber 4 , which can transport oil to the energy storage chamber 4 .

[0029] Furthermore, the energy storage chamber 4 is provided with an energy storage piston 5 capable of reciprocating movement. The energy storage chamber 4 has gas on one side away from the oil chamber 1a. When the pressure in the oil chamber 1a is greater than the gas pressure, the energy storage piston 5 moves toward the tail of the rear cylinder 2 to compress the gas. When the oil pressure in the oil chamber 1a decreases, the energy storage piston 5 moves toward the front of the middle cylinder 1 to release the gas pressure. The energy storage chamber 4 on the rear cylinder 2 is connected with the oil chamber 1a. When the oil pressure in the oil chamber 1a increases and is greater than the gas pressure, the energy storage piston 5 moves toward the tail of the rear cylinder 2 to compress the gas. When the oil pressure in the oil chamber 1a decreases, the gas pressure in the energy storage chamber 4 acts on the energy storage piston 5, causing the energy storage piston 5 to move toward the front of the middle cylinder 1 to release the gas pressure. Compared with the leather cup in the traditional accumulator, the energy storage piston 5 in the hydraulic breaker can significantly improve the service life and reliability of use.

[0030] Furthermore, the energy storage chamber 4 includes a chamber 1 4a and a chamber 2 4b, the chamber 1 4a is connected to the oil chamber 1a, the chamber 2 4b has gas, the aperture of the chamber 1 4a is smaller than the aperture of the chamber 2 4b, and the chamber 2 4b has a step surface 6 for the energy storage piston 5 to abut against. When the oil pressure in the oil chamber 1a is lower than the gas pressure in the chamber 2 4b, the energy storage piston 5 can abut against the step surface 6 to prevent the gas from entering the oil chamber 1a, thereby ensuring the stable use of the hydraulic breaker.

[0031] The front section of the energy storage piston 5 is located in the chamber 1 4a, and the rear section is located in the chamber 2 4b. The diameter of the front section of the energy storage piston 5 is smaller than that of the rear section. When the oil in the oil chamber 1a rises and enters the energy storage chamber 4, the oil will contact the front section end surface of the energy storage piston 5. Since the areas at both ends of the energy storage piston 5 are different, the energy storage piston 5 can react faster to the pressure changes in the oil return channel.

[0032] The front section of the energy storage piston 5 is sleeved with a sealing ring 3 13 , and the setting of the sealing ring 3 13 can prevent the gas in the chamber 2 4 b from flowing into the oil chamber 1 a .

[0033] In this embodiment, the rear cylinder body 2 is provided with an injection hole 7 connected to the second chamber 4b. The injection hole 7 on the rear cylinder body 2 can adjust the air pressure in the energy storage chamber 4 according to actual needs. The rear cylinder body 2 is also provided with an air vent 8 connecting the second chamber 4b and the air chamber 3. The air vent 8 can share the gas in the second chamber 4b and the air chamber 3, and the structure is simple and can improve the utilization rate of the gas.

[0034] Furthermore, the gas injection hole 7 and the vent hole 8 are both located at the tail of the second chamber 4b. The gas injection hole 7 and the vent hole 8 are arranged at the tail of the second chamber 4b, which can prevent the gas from entering the first chamber 4a when the gas is injected into the second chamber 4b and when the energy storage piston 5 moves, thereby ensuring the reliability of the hydraulic breaker.

[0035] Furthermore, the oil chamber 1a and the chamber 14a are provided with limiting surfaces 9 respectively, and a sealing ring 10, a connecting pipe 11 and a sealing ring 10 are arranged in sequence from front to back between the two limiting surfaces 9. The rear cylinder 2 is connected to the middle cylinder 1, and the step surface 6 on the oil chamber 1a and the chamber 14a squeezes and fixes the sealing ring 10, the connecting pipe 11 and the sealing ring 10. When the middle cylinder 1 and the rear cylinder 2 are connected, there is a certain gap between the two cylinders. After the hydraulic breaker is installed, the connecting pipe 11 overlaps with the joint, and the upper limiting surfaces 9 of the middle cylinder 1 and the rear cylinder 2 will squeeze the sealing ring 10, the connecting pipe 11 and the sealing ring 2 12, thereby preventing the oil from leaking.

[0036] Furthermore, a sealing ring 12 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting pipe 11, and a groove 1b suitable for accommodating the sealing ring 12 is opened on the end face of the middle cylinder body 1. After the middle cylinder body 1 is connected to the rear cylinder body 2, the groove wall of the groove 1b and the end face of the rear cylinder body 2 squeeze the sealing ring 12, which can better prevent oil leakage. Embodiment 2

[0037] This embodiment is substantially the same as the above embodiment, except that Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the rear cylinder body 2 is not provided with a vent hole 8 connecting the second chamber 4b and the air chamber. The gases in the second chamber 4b and the air chamber 3 are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other, so that the air pressure in the energy storage chamber 4 can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions of the hydraulic breaker. At the same time, the chamber space of the energy storage chamber 4 can be reduced compared with the first embodiment, so that the overall structure is more compact.

[0038] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic breaker, comprising a middle cylinder (1), wherein the middle cylinder (1) has an oil chamber (1a), wherein the oil chamber (1a) has an impact piston capable of reciprocating motion, and wherein: The tail of the middle cylinder body (1) is connected to the rear cylinder body (2), and the rear cylinder body (2) has an air chamber (3) located at the rear side of the oil chamber (1a), and part of the impact piston is located in the air chamber (3) and blocks the air chamber (3) from the oil chamber (1a); The rear cylinder body (2) also has an energy storage chamber (4) connected to the oil chamber (1a). The energy storage chamber (4) is provided with an energy storage piston (5) capable of reciprocating movement. The energy storage chamber (4) has gas on a side away from the oil chamber (1a). When the pressure in the oil chamber (1a) is greater than the gas pressure, the energy storage piston (5) moves toward the rear of the rear cylinder body (2) to compress the gas. When the oil pressure in the oil chamber (1a) decreases, the energy storage piston (5) moves toward the front of the middle cylinder body (1) to release the gas pressure.

2. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage chamber (4) comprises chamber one (4a) and chamber two (4b); chamber one (4a) is connected to the oil chamber (1a); chamber two (4b) contains gas; the aperture of chamber one (4a) is smaller than the aperture of chamber two (4b); chamber two (4b) has a step surface (6) for the energy storage piston (5) to abut against.

3. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front section of the energy storage piston (5) is located in chamber one (4a), and the rear section is located in chamber two (4b); the diameter of the front section of the energy storage piston (5) is smaller than the diameter of the rear section.

4. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The rear cylinder body (2) is provided with an air injection hole (7) which is in communication with the second chamber (4b).

5. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear cylinder body (2) is also provided with a vent hole (8) communicating with the second chamber (4b) and the air chamber (3).

6. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas injection hole (7) and the vent hole (8) are both located at the tail end of the second chamber (4b).

7. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The oil chamber (1a) and chamber one (4a) are provided with limiting surfaces (9) respectively, and a sealing ring (10), a connecting pipe (11) and a sealing ring (10) are arranged in sequence from front to back between the two limiting surfaces (9); the rear cylinder body (2) is connected to the middle cylinder body (1), and the step surfaces (6) on the oil chamber (1a) and chamber one (4a) squeeze and fix the sealing ring (10), the connecting pipe (11) and the sealing ring (10).

8. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (11) is also sleeved with a second sealing ring (12) on the outside, and the end surface of the middle cylinder body (1) is provided with an embedding groove (1b) suitable for accommodating the second sealing ring (12), and the groove wall of the embedding groove (1b) and the end surface of the rear cylinder body (2) squeeze the second sealing ring (12).

9. The hydraulic breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front section of the energy storage piston (5) is sleeved with a sealing ring three (13).

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