Movable biomass pyrolysis equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses movable biomass pyrolysis equipment which comprises a pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace comprises a feeding port, an ash discharging port, an exhaust port and an air inlet, the feeding port is connected with a feeding module, the ash discharging port is connected with an ash collecting module, the exhaust port is connected with a dust remover, and the dust remover is connected with a cooling device. The cooling device is used for condensing the pyrolysis gas to generate humic acid; the cooling device comprises a quench tower I, a quench tower II and a cooling tower which are connected in sequence; the quench tower I, the quench tower II and the cooling tower are respectively provided with a humic acid outlet, and each humic acid outlet is connected with a corresponding humic acid storage device; the pyrolysis gas is sequentially cooled step by step through a quench tower I, a quench tower II and a cooling tower, and black humic acid, ulmic acid and fulvic acid are respectively obtained in the corresponding humic acid storage devices. The device disclosed by the utility model is more suitable for pyrolysis treatment of biomass organic matters, shortens the production time of humic acid products, is high in equipment structure modularization degree, can be integrated in the box body of a container, and is convenient to transport.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biochemical humic acid production, in particular to a movable biomass pyrolysis device. Background Technique

[0002] China is rich in agricultural and forestry biomass resources. Biomass (including lignocellulose such as straw and trees, leftovers from agricultural product processing industries, agricultural and forestry waste, livestock manure, etc.), as a zero-emission green carbon resource, has the characteristics of a short regeneration cycle and a huge reserve. Based on the concept of low-carbon development and green ecology, China has increased the R & D investment in biomass resource utilization in recent years and established a number of biomass gasification demonstration projects.

[0003] China is a large agricultural country, and a large amount of straw is harvested every year. Biomass mainly composed of straw is mainly composed of plant cell walls, and its basic components are cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, etc. Its elemental composition is mainly carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, containing a small amount of sulfur, phosphorus, and mineral components. Its elemental and structural composition determines that straw is an important organic raw material and fuel.

[0004] At present, the main utilization methods of straw include mechanized crushing and returning to the field, straw fuelization, straw pellet feed processing, straw substrate application, etc. However, except for mechanized crushing and returning to the field and straw pellet feed methods, other methods have problems such as low technical maturity, large investment, and complex processes. The utilization rate of straw in mechanized crushing and returning to the field and straw feed application is relatively low, and the treatment of a large amount of surplus straw is still a difficult problem.

[0005] Therefore, there is a large amount of straw stockpiled and burned in the fields, which causes serious atmospheric environmental pollution and is also one of the reasons for the generation of haze. Although regulations have been introduced in many places to prohibit burning straw in the fields, the large accumulation of straw will also affect farming. Therefore, how to efficiently turn straw into treasure and solve the comprehensive utilization problem of straw is an urgent issue.

[0006] The fuelization application of straw is also a research topic all the time, including making products such as biochar, bio-crude oil, wood vinegar, and biogas after heat treatment of straw. Among them, the calcination of straw is a way to prepare biochar. Biochar is obtained after calcination for a period of time under low-oxygen or anaerobic conditions. The calcination temperature is generally 260-380 °C. After the hemicellulose, lignin and other components in the straw are decomposed and volatilized, a stable solid carbon-rich product (carbon content greater than 60%) is obtained. However, for calcination above this temperature range, the macromolecular substances such as cellulose in the straw will be rapidly decomposed, the volatile components will increase significantly, and the yield of biochar will be greatly reduced.

[0007] Products such as bio-crude oil, wood vinegar, and biogas are obtained through straw pyrolysis. Existing straw pyrolysis mostly draws on the treatment method of coal tar production. In large-scale equipment, the straw is rapidly heated to 750-900 °C for pyrolysis to produce small molecule pyrolysis gas, and then the pyrolysis gas is filtered and gradually condensed to obtain components such as bio-crude oil, wood vinegar, and biogas. However, straw is different from coal, and there are problems such as high ash content and high water content in the pyrolysis process. The bio-crude oil obtained by pyrolysis also contains a large amount of phenolic substances and sugars, which need to be further extracted or separated before they can be reused. Therefore, the existing straw pyrolysis technology also has problems such as high transportation costs, high processing costs, and low product quality, and the overall cost-effectiveness is relatively low.

[0008] Humic acid is a macromolecular carbon-containing compound widely present in nature, with a carbon content of less than 60%, mostly showing weak acidity. Humic acid can be widely used in various fields such as agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, petroleum, chemical industry, building materials, medicine and health, and environmental protection. Especially now, with the promotion of ecological agriculture construction, pollution-free agricultural production, green food, and pollution-free environmental protection, humic acid is even more highly regarded.

[0009] Humic acid does not contain elemental carbon components and does not have the pore structure of the scaffold carbon of biochar, and its stability is worse than that of biochar. Therefore, it is more convenient for microorganisms to decompose through biological action to produce nutrients for crop growth, and it has a significant effect on stimulating crop growth. In agriculture, humic acid is often used as a fertilizer adjuvant in combination with chemical fertilizer products to play its role in promoting the fertilizer efficiency of chemical fertilizers and stimulating crop growth.

[0010] At present, the main ways to produce humic acid mainly include extraction by the method of alkali dissolution and acid precipitation of weathered coal, or obtaining it by chemical and microbial fermentation of straw. The humic acid products obtained by treating weathered coal have a high output, but their bioavailability is lower than that of the humic acid products obtained by treating straw; while the humic acid products obtained by treating straw have a longer production cycle (more than 40 days) and low efficiency; therefore, the existing production of humic acid is also difficult to meet the requirements of industrialized and large-scale production.

[0011] Therefore, the research and development of a heat treatment equipment for producing humic acid with high biomass treatment efficiency and low cost not only helps to broaden the way of biomass reuse, but also is expected to solve the industry problem of low cost-effectiveness of existing biomass pyrolysis. Summary of the Utility Model

[0012] The utility model provides a biomass heat treatment process and a movable biomass pyrolysis device, which have the effects of convenient transportation and high straw pyrolysis efficiency. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0013] A movable biomass pyrolysis device comprises a movable box body, an equipment room is arranged in the box body, a pyrolysis furnace is arranged in the equipment room, the pyrolysis furnace comprises a feed port, an ash discharge port, an exhaust port and an air inlet, the feed port is connected to a feed module, the ash discharge port is connected to an ash collection module, the exhaust port is connected to a dust collector, the dust collector is connected to a cooling device, the cooling device can condense pyrolysis gas to produce humic acid; the cooling device comprises a quenching tower I, a quenching tower II and a cooling tower connected in sequence; the quenching tower I, the quenching tower II and the cooling tower are all provided with a humic acid outlet, and each humic acid outlet is respectively connected to a corresponding humic acid storage device; the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace is cooled step by step through the quenching tower I, the quenching tower II and the cooling tower in sequence, and black humic acid, brown humic acid and yellow humic acid are respectively obtained in the corresponding humic acid storage devices.

[0014] Furthermore, a circulating fan is provided in the box, the air inlet of the circulating fan is connected to the cooling device, the air outlet of the circulating fan is connected to the gas pipeline, the gas pipeline is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, and the uncondensed gas in the cooling device can flow back to the pyrolysis furnace for combustion.

[0015] Furthermore, the gas pipeline is connected to the combustion tower and the pyrolysis furnace respectively, and an adjusting valve is provided on the gas pipeline, by which the ratio of gas delivered to the combustion tower and the pyrolysis furnace can be adjusted; the combustion tower includes a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the gas inlet is connected to the air outlet of the circulation fan, and the gas outlet is connected to the pyrolysis furnace, and the combustion tower can preheat the pyrolysis furnace.

[0016] Furthermore, the feeding module includes a connected crusher, a silo and a feeder. The crusher can crush the straw into straw debris, which can be stored in the silo. The feeder can transport the straw debris in the silo to the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace in a quantitative and uniform manner.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of liftable legs are arranged around the box body, and the box body can be easily loaded and unloaded relative to the truck by extending and retracting the legs.

[0018] Furthermore, a control room is arranged in the box, and a heat-insulating wall is arranged between the control room and the equipment room.

[0019] Furthermore, the box body includes a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall, a fourth side wall, a bottom plate and a top plate that are connected to each other; the pyrolysis furnace is arranged on a side of the equipment room away from the control room, the length direction of the pyrolysis furnace is perpendicular to the length direction of the box body, the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace is arranged at a position close to the second side wall, the ash discharge port is arranged at a position close to the fourth side wall, the feed module is arranged at a position close to the angle between the first side wall and the second side wall and is connected to the first side wall, and the ash collection module is arranged at a position close to the angle between the first side wall and the fourth side wall and is connected to the first side wall.

[0020] Further, the quenching tower I and the quenching tower II are arranged side by side on the side of the pyrolysis furnace away from the first side wall; an open space is formed at the angle position between the fourth side wall and the heat insulation wall, and a combustion tower is arranged in the open space; the cooling tower is arranged at the angle position between the heat insulation wall and the second side wall.

[0021] Further, an oxygen supply fan is arranged inside the box body. The oxygen supply fan is arranged at a position close to the second side wall and is communicated with the second side wall. The air outlet of the circulation fan is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, and the oxygen supply fan can transport external air into the pyrolysis furnace.

[0022] The structure of the movable biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model is ingeniously designed and has a high degree of modularization. By integrating all the devices for pyrolyzing and extracting humic acid, such as the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling device, into the box body of the container, it is convenient for transportation and can facilitate the timely treatment of biomass at the recycling site. By arranging liftable legs around the box body, the loading and unloading of the equipment are also greatly facilitated, improving the convenience of equipment use.

[0023] In addition, the present utility model is more suitable for the pyrolysis treatment of biomass. Through the regulation of temperature, time, and oxygen consumption during the pyrolysis process, humic acid products are directly generated through condensation and sedimentation, greatly shortening the production time of humic acid products, realizing industrialized operation, not only broadening the uses of biomass pyrolysis but also solving the industry problem of low cost-effectiveness of biomass pyrolysis.

[0024] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present utility model. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present utility model more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the description. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features, and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the following specifically illustrates the specific embodiments of the present utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present utility model. And throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 is the top view of the movable biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 is the front view of the movable biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 is the left view of the movable biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 4Process flow chart I for pyrolytic extraction of humic acid by the mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 Process flow chart II for pyrolytic extraction of humic acid by the mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] In order to better understand the purpose, function and specific design of the present utility model, the following further describes in detail a mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] As Figure 4 、 5 shown, the biomass heat treatment process adopted by the mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. After being crushed and processed, the biomass is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis temperature of the biomass is 450 - 600 °C, and the pyrolysis reaction time is 1 - 3 s to generate pyrolysis gas. Oxygen is supplied by a blower during the pyrolysis process;

[0034] S2. The pyrolysis gas generated in step S1 enters the first - stage cooling module for condensation after being filtered and dust - removed, and is rapidly cooled to 90 - 130 °C at room temperature to separate out black humic acid;

[0035] S3. The un - condensed pyrolysis gas in step S2 continues to be condensed in the second - stage cooling module, and is cooled to 50 - 100 °C at room temperature to separate out brown humic acid;

[0036] S4. The un - condensed pyrolysis gas in step S3 continues to be condensed in the third - stage cooling module, and is cooled to below 60 °C at room temperature to separate out yellow humic acid.

[0037] After separating out yellow humic acid, part of the un - condensed pyrolysis gas can be diverted for combustion treatment, and the remaining part is refluxed to the pyrolysis furnace in step S1; the ash after pyrolysis treatment in step S1 and the ash after filtration in step S2 can be collected, granulated and then made into fertilizers.

[0038] The pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis furnace is higher than the temperature for commonly preparing biochar from biomass and lower than the conventional coal pyrolysis temperature. When it is greater than 400 °C, cellulose in the biomass begins to gradually decompose. At 450 °C, cellulose is in a stage of rapid decomposition in large quantities, but below 600 °C, it can avoid the direct formation of organic hydrocarbon molecules with too small molecular weights during biomass pyrolysis.

[0039] The rapid and moderate pyrolysis time enables a large amount of macromolecular organic matter in the pyrolysis gas generated under such reaction conditions to be in an incompletely secondary pyrolysis state. The pyrolysis gas is mixed with a large amount of benzene rings, condensed rings and heterocyclic compounds. The active groups are mainly carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups. These compounds form aggregates through agglomeration and condensation. Together with the horizontal reaction furnace, a large amount of aggregates in the pyrolysis gas do not sink due to gravity and are recycled for pyrolysis, and the ash content is relatively low. It should be noted that since the energy density of straw is lower than that of coal and it is more flammable, sufficient pyrolysis can be completed without higher temperature and longer reaction time.

[0040] In the primary cooling module and the secondary cooling module, the finally produced fulvic acid product can be used as the main cooling medium to spray-cool the pyrolysis gas, so that the pyrolysis gas at 450-600 °C can be rapidly cooled for the first time within 1-3 s. Different from the millisecond-level condensation time of coal (to prevent multi-stage cracking of coal pyrolysis gas), the rapid cooling in the present invention enables sufficient time for macromolecular organic matter in the pyrolysis gas to form larger aggregates through hydrogen bonding and complexation, and settle to generate humic acid. Using fulvic acid as the spray-cooling medium, on the one hand, it plays a cooling role, and on the other hand, fulvic acid is resynthesized into humic acid and brown humic acid after heating during the spraying process, and the yields of fulvic acid, humic acid and brown humic acid can be adjusted according to needs.

[0041] Similarly, in the primary, secondary and tertiary cooling modules, heat exchange cooling can be carried out entirely by means of water heat exchange, which can reduce the water content in the humic acid and brown humic acid products compared with fulvic acid spray cooling; and purer humic acid and brown humic acid products can be obtained.

[0042] The uncondensed pyrolysis gas in the primary cooling module (which can still reach 90-130 °C after being sprayed with fulvic acid or heat exchanged with water) continues to pass through the secondary cooling module for secondary spray cooling / heat exchange cooling. At this time, organic acids and phenols with slightly smaller molecular weights in the pyrolysis gas are cooled to generate brownish-yellow brown humic acid.

[0043] In the tertiary cooling module, normal temperature tap water is used as the coolant for water heat exchange. The temperature of the pyrolysis gas after secondary condensation / heat exchange is 50-100 °C, and it is finally cooled to below 60 °C through the tertiary cooling module to obtain the fulvic acid with the smallest molecular weight in the humic acid product. Affected by different biomass types, the pyrolysis temperature and condensation temperature will fluctuate within the range provided by the present invention. Generally, the higher the cellulose content in the biomass, the relatively higher the pyrolysis temperature and the more humic acid and brown humic acid products are pyrolytically separated.

[0044] Biomass has a higher moisture content than coal. With the pyrolysis method of the present utility model, the water vapor generated by pyrolysis is gradually consumed during multi-stage cooling. Since fulvic acid has the best water solubility and the three-stage cooling directly cools the pyrolysis gas to below 60°C, most of the water generated by pyrolysis will precipitate in the third-stage cooling module, and the obtained fulvic acid product is in a water-soluble state; it is convenient to use a pump to extract the cooled water-soluble fulvic acid as the medium for spray cooling in the first-stage and secondary cooling modules, and fulvic acid can be resynthesized into humic acid or brown humic acid after high temperature.

[0045] As Figures 1-3 shown, the provided portable biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model includes a movable box body 1. Inside the box body 1, a pyrolysis furnace 2 is arranged. The pyrolysis furnace 2 includes a feed inlet, an ash discharge port, an exhaust port and an air inlet. The feed inlet is connected to a feed module 3. The feed module 3 can crush biomass and quantitatively and uniformly feed it into the feed inlet; the pyrolysis furnace 2 can pyrolyze biomass to generate ash and pyrolysis gas. The ash can be discharged through the ash discharge port, and the pyrolysis gas can be discharged through the exhaust port; the ash discharge port is connected to an ash collection module 6. The ash collection module 6 can collect the ash discharged from the ash discharge port and make it into fertilizer; the exhaust port is connected to a cooling device. The cooling device can condense the pyrolysis gas to produce humic acid, and the remaining uncondensed gas is mainly combustible mixed gases such as methane and ethane. The cooling device includes a humic acid outlet and a gas outlet. The humic acid outlet is connected to a humic acid storage device, and the gas outlet is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The uncondensed gas can flow back into the pyrolysis furnace for combustion to play a role in assisting the combustion of biomass pyrolysis.

[0046] The box body 1 of the portable biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model can be selected as a container. The box body 1 can be placed on a truck for transportation, so that the present utility model can be conveniently and quickly moved to the fields for biomass pyrolysis treatment. Preferably, a plurality of liftable legs 17 are arranged around the box body 1. Through the telescoping of the legs 17, the loading and unloading of the box body 1 relative to the truck can be facilitated, avoiding the use of a crane for hoisting, and improving the convenience of using the present utility model. The lifting structure of the legs 17 can be realized by existing hydraulic cylinders, electric cylinders, etc., which is not limited here as long as the lifting of the legs 17 can be achieved.

[0047] Specifically, the box body 1 includes a first side wall 11, a second side wall 12, a third side wall 13, a fourth side wall 14, a bottom plate 15 and a top plate 16 connected to each other. Inside the box body 1, a control room 18 and an equipment room 19 are arranged. The control room 18 can monitor the operating states of each device and control the device, and the user can also rest in the control room 18. An operation room door for personnel to enter and exit is arranged on the third side wall 13. The equipment room 19 is used to place devices such as the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the cooling device for pyrolyzing and extracting humic acid. The control room 18 and the equipment room 19 are separated by a heat-insulating wall.

[0048] Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace 2 is a horizontal reaction furnace, which is different from the long-cylindrical vertical combustion furnace set in large-scale coal pyrolysis equipment. In the vertical combustion furnace, the oil and gas with smaller molecular weights generated by pyrolysis are more likely to rush upward, while the oil and gas particles with larger molecular weights sink and circulate for pyrolysis under the action of gravity, which can ensure sufficient coal pyrolysis. The oil and gas molecules at the outlet of the combustion furnace have smaller particle sizes, which is convenient for subsequent condensation into tar. However, the incombustible ash content in biomass such as straw, leaves, and branches is relatively high. If such a vertical combustion furnace is used, the small ash generated by pyrolysis is also more likely to be mixed in the pyrolysis gas and rush upward, increasing the difficulty of separating the ash in the pyrolysis gas. Therefore, the present utility model preferably uses a horizontal reaction furnace to prevent the remaining ash from flying with the pyrolysis gas during biomass pyrolysis.

[0049] The pyrolysis furnace 2 is arranged on one side of the equipment room 19 far away from the control room 18. The length direction of the pyrolysis furnace 2 is perpendicular to the length direction of the box body 1. The feed inlet and the ash discharge port of the pyrolysis furnace 2 are respectively arranged at both ends of the length direction of the pyrolysis furnace 2. In this embodiment, the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2 is arranged at a position close to the second side wall 12, and the ash discharge port is arranged at a position close to the fourth side wall 14. The feed module 3 is arranged at a position close to the included angle between the first side wall 11 and the second side wall 12 and is communicated with the first side wall 11 to facilitate placing biomass into the feed module 3; the ash collection module 6 is arranged at a position close to the included angle between the first side wall 11 and the fourth side wall 14 and is communicated with the first side wall 11 to facilitate collecting the fertilizer made by the ash collection module 6.

[0050] Specifically, the feed module 3 includes a crusher, a storage bin, and a feeder that are connected in communication. The crusher can crush biomass into biomass slag, and the biomass slag can enter the storage bin for storage. The feeder can quantitatively and uniformly convey the biomass slag in the storage bin into the feed inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The crusher can be a commercially available crusher as long as it can crush biomass. Of course, it can be understood that the smaller the biomass slag, the more conducive to sufficient pyrolysis.

[0051] In addition, in another embodiment, the feed module 3 only includes a storage bin and a feeder, and the pre-crushed biomass slag can be directly placed in the storage bin for storage and use. The storage bin is preferably a hopper-shaped storage bin with a narrower bottom and a wider top. The upper opening of the hopper-shaped storage bin corresponds to the outlet of the crusher to facilitate receiving the biomass slag, and the lower opening of the hopper-shaped storage bin is connected to the feeder. The feeder is preferably a screw conveyor to uniformly convey the biomass slag into the pyrolysis furnace 2.

[0052] The cooling device includes connected first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage cooling modules. The pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace 2 first enters the first-stage cooling module for condensation to produce humic acid, and then the uncondensed pyrolysis gas enters the second-stage cooling module for secondary condensation to produce brown humic acid again. Finally, it is condensed by the third-stage cooling module to produce fulvic acid. The non-condensable gas remaining after three-stage cooling is a combustible mixed gas such as methane, ethane, and carbon monoxide.

[0053] Specifically, the first-stage cooling module of this embodiment includes a quench tower I 41. The quench tower I 41 includes a pyrolysis gas inlet of the quench tower I, a pyrolysis gas outlet of the quench tower I, and a liquid outlet of the quench tower I at the bottom of the quench tower I 41. The pyrolysis gas is quenched and condensed in the quench tower I 41 to produce humic acid. The humic acid flows to the bottom of the quench tower I 41 under the action of gravity for storage and can be discharged through the liquid outlet of the quench tower I. The second-stage cooling module includes a quench tower II 42. The quench tower II 42 includes a pyrolysis gas inlet of the quench tower II, a pyrolysis gas outlet of the quench tower II, and a liquid outlet of the quench tower II at the bottom of the quench tower II 42. The uncondensed pyrolysis gas in the quench tower I 41 is secondarily condensed in the quench tower II 42 to produce brown humic acid. The brown humic acid flows to the bottom of the quench tower II 42 under the action of gravity for storage and can be discharged through the liquid outlet of the quench tower II. Preferably, both the liquid outlet of the quench tower I and the liquid outlet of the quench tower II are connected to a humic acid collection pipeline 43, and the humic acid collection pipeline 43 is connected to a humic acid storage device 44 to facilitate the collection and storage of the humic acid generated in the quench tower I 41 and the quench tower II 42.

[0054] The third-stage cooling module includes a cooling tower 45. The gas inlet of the cooling tower 45 of the cooling tower is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet of the cooling tank 42. The cooling tower 45 can cool the uncondensed combustible gas in the cooling tank 42 three times to condense and form fulvic acid. The fulvic acid flows to the bottom of the cooling tower 45 under the action of gravity for storage and can be transported to a fulvic acid storage device for storage through the fulvic acid outlet below the cooling tower 45. The non-condensable gas enters the combustion tower 8 or the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion. The quench tower I 41, the quench tower II 42, and the cooling tower 45 use normal temperature water for heat exchange to achieve the condensation of the cooling tower 45.

[0055] After the pyrolysis gas is condensed in the quench tower I 41, the quench tower II 42, and the cooling tower 45 to collect humic acid, the remaining components in the pyrolysis gas are mostly non-condensable gases such as methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Part of this gas can enter the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion support to maintain the pyrolysis temperature of the pyrolysis furnace 2. Another part enters the combustion tower 8 for combustion. The combustion tower 8 heats the external air entering the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the uncondensed combustible gas while burning, ensuring the pyrolysis temperature of the pyrolysis furnace 2 and also avoiding the risk of explosion caused by the large influx of combustible gases such as methane and ethane in the remaining pyrolysis gas.

[0056] Preferably, in order to improve the purity of humic acid, a dust collector 5 is provided between the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the cooling device. The dust collector 5 can filter the pyrolysis gas to remove solid impurities in the pyrolysis gas, such as ash, dust, etc. The dust collector 5 can be a cyclone dust collector available on the market. The gas outlet at the upper part of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the cooling device, and the impurity outlet at the lower part of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the ash collection module 6. Preferably, in order to facilitate the ash collection module 6 to collect the ash discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the impurities discharged from the dust collector 5, the dust collector 5 is arranged at a position close to the ash discharge port of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The ash discharge port of the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the impurity outlet of the dust collector 5 are both connected to an ash conveying device. The ash conveying device can be an existing screw conveyor or conveyor belt, etc. The ash conveying device can convey the ash discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the impurities discharged from the dust collector 5 to the ash collection module 6 together and make them into fertilizer. The ash collection module 6 of this embodiment includes a granulator, and the granulator can make the ash generated after the pyrolysis of biomass into granular form to form granular fertilizer.

[0057] Since most of the organic carbon components after pyrolysis of the present utility model condense into humic acid with the pyrolysis gas, the remaining ash is mostly inert inorganic components such as silicon, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, which are suitable for use as inorganic fertilizers.

[0058] As Figure 1 shown, a circulation fan 71 is arranged in the box body 1. The air inlet of the circulation fan 71 is connected to the gas outlet of the cooling device, and the air outlet of the circulation fan 71 is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The circulation fan 71 can suck out the gas in the pyrolysis furnace 2 and enter the cooling device for condensation. The uncondensed combustible gas is continuously sucked out and conveyed into the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion.

[0059] Preferably, the air outlet of the circulation fan 71 of this embodiment is connected to a gas pipeline 73. The gas pipeline 73 is respectively connected to the combustion tower 8 and the pyrolysis furnace 2. A regulating valve is arranged on the gas pipeline 73. By adjusting the regulating valve, the circulation fan 71 can either convey the uncondensed combustible gas into the combustion tower 8, or convey the uncondensed combustible gas into the pyrolysis furnace 2, or convey the uncondensed combustible gas into both the combustion tower 8 and the pyrolysis furnace 2 at the same time, and adjust the conveying ratio through the regulating valve. By conveying the uncondensed combustible gas into the pyrolysis furnace 2, it can play a role in assisting the combustion of biomass pyrolysis.

[0060] It is worth noting that the combustion tower 8 includes a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The gas inlet is connected to the air outlet of the circulating fan 71 through a gas pipeline 73, and the gas outlet is connected to the pyrolysis furnace through a preheating pipeline. By transporting uncondensed combustible gas into the combustion tower 8 and burning it to generate heat, the combustion tower 8 can provide heat to the pyrolysis furnace 2 through the preheating pipeline to provide a heat source for the pyrolysis furnace 2. At the same time, the uncondensed combustible gas in the cooling device can also be diverted to avoid the combustible gas in the residual pyrolysis gas from rushing into the pyrolysis furnace 2 in large quantities to burn and cause an explosion risk.

[0061] It is worth noting that an oxygen supply fan 72 is provided in the box body 1, and the air inlet of the oxygen supply fan 72 is connected to the outside of the box body 1. The oxygen supply fan 72 of this embodiment is arranged at a position close to the second side wall 12 and is connected to the second side wall 12. The air outlet of the oxygen supply fan 72 is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The oxygen supply fan 72 can transport external air into the pyrolysis furnace 2 to provide oxygen for the pyrolysis of biomass in the pyrolysis furnace 2. Preferably, the oxygen supply fan 72 is also connected to the combustion tower 8, and the oxygen supply fan 72 can transport the heat generated by the combustion tower 8 to the pyrolysis furnace 2 together with the external air, so that the combustion tower 8 heats the external air and uncondensed combustible gas entering the pyrolysis furnace 2 while burning, thereby playing a role in combustion support.

[0062] It is worth noting that the quenching tower I 41 and the quenching tower II 42 of this embodiment are arranged side by side on the side of the pyrolysis furnace 2 away from the first side wall 11, and the cooling tower 45 is arranged at the angle between the heat insulation wall and the second side wall 12, so as to form an open space at the angle between the fourth side wall 14 and the heat insulation wall, and the combustion tower 8 is arranged in the open space to reduce the impact of the high temperature generated by the combustion of the combustion tower 8 on other devices. The humic acid storage device 44 and the fulvic acid storage device are arranged at a position close to the second side wall 12 and are connected to the second side wall 12 to facilitate the transfer of the black humic acid and the brown humic acid in the humic acid storage device 44 and the fulvic acid in the fulvic acid storage device.

[0063] In another embodiment, the fulvic acid storage device is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling pump, and the liquid outlet of the cooling pump is connected to the quench tower I 41 and the quench tower II 42 respectively. The cooling pump can transport the fulvic acid in the fulvic acid storage device to the quench tower I 41 and the quench tower II 42 as a spray cooling medium. It is understandable that the fulvic acid outlet can also be directly connected to the quench tower I and the quench tower II through the cooling pump, and the fulvic acid formed by the condensation of the cooling tower directly flows into the quench tower I and the quench tower II as a cooling medium. The cooling tower 45 uses normal temperature water for heat exchange to achieve condensation of the cooling tower 45.

[0064] The structural design of the movable biomass pyrolysis equipment of the present utility model is ingenious and has a high degree of modularization. By integrating all the devices for pyrolyzing and extracting humic acid, such as the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling device, into the container body, it facilitates transportation and enables biomass treatment at any time and place. In addition, by setting liftable legs around the container body, the loading and unloading of the equipment are greatly facilitated, improving the convenience of equipment use. Moreover, the present utility model is more suitable for the pyrolysis treatment of biomass-based organic matter. Through the regulation of temperature, time, and air volume during the pyrolysis process, humic acid products are directly generated through condensation and sedimentation, greatly shortening the production time of humic acid products. This not only broadens the uses of biomass pyrolysis but also solves the industry problem of low cost-effectiveness in biomass pyrolysis.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and are not intended to limit them. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. However, such modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A mobile biomass pyrolysis device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a movable box body, an equipment room is arranged in the box body, a pyrolysis furnace is arranged in the equipment room, the pyrolysis furnace comprises a feed port, an ash discharge port, an exhaust port and an air inlet, the feed port is connected with the feed module, the ash discharge port is connected with the ash collection module, the exhaust port is connected with the dust collector, the dust collector is connected with the cooling device, the cooling device can condense the pyrolysis gas to produce humic acid; the cooling device comprises a quenching tower I, a quenching tower II and a cooling tower which are connected in sequence; the quenching tower I, the quenching tower II and the cooling tower are all provided with a humic acid outlet, and each humic acid outlet is respectively connected with a corresponding humic acid storage device; the pyrolysis gas produced in the pyrolysis furnace is cooled step by step through the quenching tower I, the quenching tower II and the cooling tower in sequence, and black humic acid, brown humic acid and yellow humic acid are respectively obtained in the corresponding humic acid storage devices.

2. The mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulating fan is arranged in the box, the air inlet of the circulating fan is connected to the cooling device, the air outlet of the circulating fan is connected to the gas pipeline, the gas pipeline is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, and the uncondensed gas in the cooling device can flow back to the pyrolysis furnace for combustion.

3. The mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas pipeline is connected to the combustion tower and the pyrolysis furnace respectively. The gas pipeline is provided with a regulating valve, by which the ratio of gas delivered to the combustion tower and the pyrolysis furnace can be adjusted; the combustion tower includes a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the gas inlet is connected to the air outlet of the circulation fan, and the gas outlet is connected to the pyrolysis furnace. The combustion tower can preheat the pyrolysis furnace.

4. The mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding module includes a silo and a feeder which are connected to each other. The feeder can transport the biomass in the silo to the feeding port of the pyrolysis furnace in a quantitative and uniform manner.

5. The mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of liftable legs are arranged around the box body, and the box body can be easily loaded and unloaded relative to the truck by extending and retracting the legs.

6. The mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control room is arranged in the box, and a heat-insulating wall is arranged between the control room and the equipment room.

7. The mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The box body includes a first side wall, a second side wall, a third side wall, a fourth side wall, a bottom plate and a top plate that are connected to each other; the pyrolysis furnace is arranged on a side of the equipment room away from the control room, the length direction of the pyrolysis furnace is perpendicular to the length direction of the box body, the feed port of the pyrolysis furnace is arranged at a position close to the second side wall, the ash discharge port is arranged at a position close to the fourth side wall, the feed module is arranged at a position close to the angle between the first side wall and the second side wall and is connected to the first side wall, and the ash collection module is arranged at a position close to the angle between the first side wall and the fourth side wall and is connected to the first side wall.

8. The mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The quenching tower I and the quenching tower II are arranged side by side on the side of the pyrolysis furnace away from the first side wall; an open space is formed at the angle between the fourth side wall and the insulation wall, and a combustion tower is arranged in the open space; the cooling tower is arranged at the angle between the insulation wall and the second side wall.

9. The mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The humic acid storage device of the cooling tower is connected to the quenching tower I and the quenching tower II respectively. The humic acid formed by condensation in the cooling tower can flow into the quenching tower I and the quenching tower II to serve as a cooling medium.

10. The mobile biomass pyrolysis equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: An oxygen supply fan is arranged in the box body, which is arranged near the second side wall and connected to the second side wall. The air outlet of the circulation fan is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace. The oxygen supply fan can transport external air into the pyrolysis furnace.

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