Subway station capillary tube energy wall ground source heat pump air conditioning system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a capillary tube energy wall ground source heat pump air-conditioning system for a subway station. A traditional underground station air-conditioning system water chilling unit usually adopts a ground cooling tower to eliminate unit condensation heat, and the problems that the cooling tower is difficult to expropriate land and arrange, influences urban landscapes and the like exist. The system comprises a capillary energy wall close to the soil side and used for eliminating condensation heat, and the capillary energy wall sequentially comprises a structural wall, a capillary mesh buried pipe layer, a heat preservation layer, an aluminum tin film, an air interlayer, an aluminum tin film and a wall separation wall from the soil side to the station side; the capillary mesh buried pipe layer comprises a capillary mesh laid on the inner side of the structural wall. According to the utility model, station waste heat is transferred to surrounding soil through the capillary tube mesh grid laid on the inner surface of the structural wall, underground renewable energy sources are extracted for cooling, and a traditional cooling tower is reduced or replaced. The underground heat exchanger is combined with an underground station supporting structure, cold energy in soil can be extracted, heat can also be extracted, and the occupied space of the underground heat exchanger is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of subway station air conditioning, in particular to a soil source heat pump air conditioning system of a subway station capillary energy wall. Background Art

[0002] Subway station ventilation and air conditioning systems significantly impact the scale and cost of station construction, as well as the energy consumption of subway operations. Reducing the space occupied by ventilation and air conditioning systems and lowering their energy consumption are imperative to achieving the "dual carbon" goals in urban rail transit. Traditional underground station air conditioning systems typically use ground-level cooling towers to remove condensation heat from chillers. During construction, these systems present challenges such as difficulty acquiring and locating cooling towers, and impacting the urban landscape. During operation, these systems also face high energy consumption, high carbon emissions, cooling tower noise, biological contamination of the water system (Legionella), and frequent civil lawsuits caused by water bleaching. Achieving "tower-free cooling" and improving the energy efficiency of underground station air conditioning systems is an urgent need.

[0003] Ground-source heat pump air conditioning systems are widely used in residential buildings. As a typical shallow geothermal system, the cooling water loop uses underground heat exchangers to dissipate the condensation heat of the chiller into the soil. This allows for tower-free cooling of chillers, avoiding the drawbacks of cooling towers. However, traditional shallow ground-source heat pumps typically use vertical heat exchangers buried within 200 meters. This occupies a significant amount of land for laying the vertical heat exchangers, and the drilling and installation costs are high. Due to the lack of available land for buried pipes, shallow vertical buried pipe ground-source heat pump air conditioning systems are rarely used in subway stations. Recently emerging medium-deep buried pipe technology, with its ability to drill holes to depths of 1,500 to 3,000 meters, offers high heat transfer capacity per hole and requires fewer wells. This technology can address the land requirements of shallow buried pipes. However, medium-deep buried pipes can only extract heat, not cooling, and therefore cannot provide cooling for the entire building. The primary design requirement for subway stations is cooling systems.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new subway station soil source heat pump air conditioning system to overcome the above defects. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a soil source heat pump air conditioning system with a capillary energy wall in a subway station to solve the problem that it is difficult to arrange cooling towers in underground stations. Traditional soil source heat pump air conditioning systems cannot be applied to subway stations because they use drilled vertical buried pipe heat exchangers, occupy a large amount of land resources, are difficult to construct, and have high drilling costs.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is:

[0007] A soil-source heat pump air conditioning system with a capillary energy wall in a subway station. The system is arranged in the station hall and includes a capillary energy wall close to the soil side, as well as a heat pump unit, air conditioning terminal equipment, and a transmission and distribution system arranged in the station hall.

[0008] The capillary energy wall includes a structural wall, a capillary grid buried pipe layer, an insulation layer, an aluminum-tin film, an air interlayer, an aluminum-tin film and a wall away from the wall in sequence from the soil side to the station side;

[0009] The capillary grid buried pipe layer includes a capillary grid laid on the inner side of the structural wall;

[0010] The transmission and distribution system includes a cooling water / heat medium circulation pipeline connecting the capillary energy wall and the heat pump unit, and a chilled water / hot water circulation pipeline connecting the air-conditioning terminal equipment and the heat pump unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the capillary grid includes a plurality of capillary grid units, and the capillary grid units include a capillary grid main pipe and a capillary grid branch pipe;

[0012] One capillary grid main pipe is connected to a plurality of capillary grid branches, and the plurality of capillary grid branches are connected to another capillary grid main pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of the capillary grid units are horizontally connected in parallel to form a capillary grid sheet, and the capillary grid main pipe of each capillary grid unit is connected to the return water main pipe and the supply water main pipe respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of the capillary grid sheets are vertically connected, and the return water main pipe and the supply water main pipe of each capillary grid sheet are respectively merged into the return water main pipe and the supply water main pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the thermal insulation layer is a polyurethane board or an extruded board.

[0016] Furthermore, an aluminum-tin film with a smooth wall surface is provided on one side of the thermal insulation layer close to the air interlayer.

[0017] Furthermore, the wall is made of fiber cement board.

[0018] Furthermore, an aluminum-tin film with a smooth wall surface is provided on the side of the wall close to the air interlayer.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The utility model provides a soil source heat pump air conditioning system for a capillary energy wall in a subway station. The system utilizes a capillary heat exchanger (i.e., a capillary grid) laid on the inner surface of the structural wall to transfer the waste heat of the station to the surrounding soil through a cooling water circulation pipeline, thereby extracting underground renewable energy for cooling. The system can reduce the size of or replace traditional cooling towers, solving the current problems of large footprints, difficult coordinated layouts, landscape impacts, and noise nuisance to residents in underground stations. The system saves the area occupied by cooling towers, saves initial investment in civil engineering, and achieves environmental friendliness.

[0021] 2. The capillary energy wall of this utility model serves as a new underground heat exchanger for ground-source heat pumps, extracting heat and cold from the soil. This system integrates the ground-source heat pump underground heat exchanger with the supporting structure of the underground station. This heat exchanger requires no additional land resources and is easy to construct, simple to install, and low in cost. This technology solves the problems of vertical buried heat exchangers, which require extensive drilling and well construction, consume significant land resources, are difficult to construct, and have high drilling costs.

[0022] 3. The capillary energy wall of the utility model can extract cold energy from the soil in summer and heat from the soil in winter, which can solve the heating problem of underground station management rooms in winter, realize dual use of one machine, and the unit has high energy efficiency, overcoming the problem of low energy efficiency of multi-split system heating units usually used in traditional subway station management rooms.

[0023] 4. The thermal insulation measures between the capillary heat exchanger and the station side proposed in the present invention (i.e., a combination of thermal insulation layer + aluminum-tin film + air layer + aluminum-tin film + off-wall wall) enable the station side of the energy wall heat exchanger to achieve thermal insulation effect, and the thermal insulation measures are economical, occupy little space, and are easy to construct.

[0024] 5. The capillary heat exchanger proposed by the present invention has small heat exchange tube spacing, large heat transfer area, strong heat exchange capacity, saves the laying area of underground heat exchangers, and has low initial investment cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, without paying any creative work, they can also obtain drawings of other embodiments based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the soil source heat pump air conditioning system of the capillary energy wall in the subway station.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the layered structure of the capillary energy wall.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the capillary grid structure of the capillary energy wall.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a plan view of the horizontal connection of the capillary grid of the capillary energy wall.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a plan view of the vertical connection of the capillary grid of the capillary energy wall.

[0031] The symbols in the figure are:

[0032] 1-station hall level, 2-platform level, 3-soil side, 4-soil, 5-capillary energy wall, 6-cooling water / heat medium circulation pipeline, 7-heat pump unit, 8-chilled water / hot water circulation pipeline, 9-air conditioning terminal equipment, 10-floor slab, 11-floor, 12-station side;

[0033] 51-structural wall, 52-capillary grid buried pipe layer, 53-insulation layer, 54-aluminum tin film, 55-air interlayer, 56-off-wall wall;

[0034] 521-capillary grid main pipe, 522-capillary grid branch pipe, 523-return water main pipe, 524-water supply main pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the present invention will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "disposed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connection or disposition, detachable connection or disposition, or integral connection or disposition. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the side close to the soil 3 is defined as the outer side, and the side far from the soil 3 is defined as the inner side.

[0039] The present invention provides a capillary energy wall soil source heat pump air conditioning system for a subway station, comprising a capillary energy wall 5, a heat pump unit 7, and an air conditioning terminal device 9, as well as a necessary transmission and distribution system. The transmission and distribution system includes a cooling water / heat medium circulation pipeline 6, a chilled water / hot water circulation pipeline 8, and valves. The capillary energy wall 5 acts as an underground heat exchange system to extract geothermal energy. The transmission and distribution system transports the cold (heat) carried by the circulating water into the heat pump unit 9 for preparing chilled (hot) water. The cold (heat) is then transported to the air conditioning terminal device 9 through the chilled water / hot water circulation pipeline 8 to provide indoor cooling (heating). The transmission and distribution system forms a heat cycle between the capillary energy wall 5, the heat pump unit 7, and the air conditioning terminal device 9.

[0040] like Figure 1 The system is installed in the concourse layer 1 of the subway station. Below the concourse layer 1 is the platform layer 2, and between the two is the floor 10. The capillary energy wall 5 is close to the soil side 3 and serves as the soil side enclosure structure for the public area of the concourse layer and the equipment and management rooms. Figure 2 The capillary energy wall 5 includes a structural wall 51, a capillary grid buried pipe layer 52, an insulation layer 53, an aluminum-tin film 54, an air interlayer 55, an aluminum-tin film 54 and a wall 56 from the soil side 3 to the station side 12. Figure 3 The capillary grid buried tube layer 52 includes a capillary grid laid on the inner side of the structural wall 51 .

[0041] Furthermore, an aluminum-tin film 54 is provided on the side of the insulation layer 53 near the air interlayer 55, and an aluminum-tin film 54 is also provided on the side of the wall 56 near the air interlayer 55. This thermal insulation measure achieves a thermal insulation effect on the station side 12 of the capillary energy wall 5, and is economical, takes up little space, and is easy to construct.

[0042] The structural wall 51 of the underground station is a commonly used reinforced concrete structure with a thickness of generally 800-1000 mm. The specific construction method is in accordance with relevant construction requirements.

[0043] The capillary grid includes a plurality of capillary grid units, each of which includes a capillary grid main pipe 521 and a capillary grid branch pipe 522. One capillary grid main pipe 521 is connected to a plurality of capillary grid branch pipes 522, and a plurality of capillary grid branch pipes 522 are connected to another capillary grid main pipe 521. Figure 4 , multiple capillary grid units are horizontally connected in parallel to form a capillary grid sheet, and the capillary grid main pipe 521 of each capillary grid unit is connected to the return water main pipe 523 and the water supply main pipe 524 respectively, in the form of parallel connection. Figure 5, multiple capillary grid sheets are vertically connected, and the return water main 523 and the water supply main 524 of each capillary grid sheet are respectively merged into the return water main pipe and the water supply main pipe.

[0044] The capillary grid buried pipe layer 52 adopts the construction method of wet installation of the capillary grid, that is, the capillary grid is directly laid on the inner surface of the structural wall 51 and fixed with pipe clamps, and covered with a heat-conducting mortar plaster layer. The plaster layer adopts cement-based materials, such as cement mortar or cement fiber mortar. The thickness of the buried pipe layer is 50mm. The capillary grid material adopts polypropylene random (PP-R), and the parameters are: the width of a single capillary grid is 1000mm, the length is 600-12000mm, the main pipe diameter is 20×2mm, the branch pipe diameter is 3.5-4.5mm, the branch pipe wall thickness is 0.5-0.8mm, and the pipe spacing is 20mm. The supply and return water headers are distributed on the opposite sides of the capillary. The supply and return water headers of each grid are connected by hot melt.

[0045] The capillary energy wall 5 components have the following characteristics:

[0046] 1. Insulation layer 53

[0047] To effectively block heat exchange between the capillary grid and the station side 12 and prevent heat carried by the cooling water system from transferring into the station, an insulation layer 53 is laid on the station side 12 of the capillary grid buried pipe layer 52. Insulation layer 53 is made of polyurethane (PU) or extruded polystyrene (XPS) and has a thickness of 80 mm. PU and XPS are chosen because they both offer superior thermal insulation and water-repellent properties. The 80 mm insulation layer thickness was determined to be the optimal thickness through simulation studies.

[0048] A smooth aluminum-tin film 54 with low emissivity is applied to the side of the insulation layer 53 near the air interlayer 55. The aluminum-tin film 54 has an emissivity close to zero, which reduces the amount of radiative heat exchange between the surface of the insulation layer 53 and the other walls of the cavity. The smooth aluminum-tin film 54 also reduces the convective heat transfer coefficient between the inner surface of the insulation layer 53 and the air, thereby reducing convective heat transfer.

[0049] 2. Air interlayer 55

[0050] An air layer 55 exists between the insulation layer 53 and the free-standing wall 56. This air layer 55 serves as a waterproof barrier and secondary insulation for the capillary energy wall 5. With a thickness of 100-250 mm, it prevents groundwater from seeping into the station interior and blocks heat transfer from the structural wall to the station side. When the capillary energy wall 5 is installed in a public area of the station, the cavity thickness is 200-250 mm. When the capillary energy wall 5 is installed in equipment and management rooms, the cavity thickness is 100-150 mm.

[0051] 3. Away wall 56

[0052] The freeboard wall 56 is also a moisture-proof wall, eliminating and minimizing the impact of water leakage from the exterior wall on the usability and aesthetics of the interior space. It is constructed of fiber cement board, 50-100 mm thick. The side of the freeboard wall 56 near the air interlayer 55 is also coated with an aluminum-tin film 54. A low-emissivity coating can also be sprayed on the surface, and the coating is smoothed to reduce radiation heat transfer between the cavity-side inner surface of the freeboard wall 56 and other surfaces, as well as convection heat transfer between the cavity-side inner surface and the air within the cavity. This reduces the amount of heat transferred from the capillary grid buried pipe layer 52 into the station.

[0053] The present invention combines the spatial and structural characteristics of the subway station itself and proposes a new underground station capillary energy wall soil source heat pump air-conditioning system. Based on the typical wall structure of the underground station, the cavity gap between the structural wall and the wall is fully utilized, and the capillary mesh is laid on the inner surface of the structural wall 51 to form a capillary energy wall 5 as an underground heat exchange device of the soil source heat pump. The heat discharged from the station into the cooling water is transferred to the surrounding soil, realizing the extraction of underground renewable energy for cooling, replacing the traditional ground cooling tower, realizing the "tower-free cooling" of the subway station air-conditioning system, and solving the problems of high drilling cost and underground space occupation of traditional bored heat exchangers.

[0054] according to Figure 1 As shown in the system structure diagram, in summer, the temperature on the station hall side is relatively high and cooling is required. The cooling water at 35°C extracts the coldness from the underground soil through the capillary mesh laid on the inner surface of the structural wall 51, and after cooling, enters the heat pump unit 7 to prepare chilled water, and provides cooling for the underground station hall and equipment and management rooms through the air-conditioning terminal equipment 9; in winter, the temperature on the station hall side is relatively low and heating is required. The heat medium water at 8°C extracts the heat from the underground soil through the capillary mesh laid on the inner surface of the structural wall 51, and after heating, enters the heat pump unit 7 to prepare hot water, and provides heating for rooms with heating needs such as the underground station management rooms through the air-conditioning terminal equipment 9.

[0055] In addition, the utility model lays the capillary grid on the surface of the structural wall 51 by plastering, which is simple to construct and has low construction difficulty; the thermal insulation measures of the capillary grid and the station side 12 enable the capillary energy wall 5 station side 12 to achieve thermal insulation effect, and the thermal insulation measures are economical, occupy little space, and are easy to construct; the surface-type capillary grid is used to replace the traditional continuous wall system with large-diameter buried pipes inside the structural wall, and the distance between the heat exchange tubes is small, the heat transfer area is large, and the heat exchange capacity is strong.

[0056] The above examples are used to illustrate the present invention, which are only used to help understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make some simple deductions, modifications or substitutions based on the concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. A subway station capillary energy wall soil source heat pump air conditioning system, characterized by: The system is arranged at the station hall level (1), and includes a capillary energy wall (5) close to the soil side (3), and a heat pump unit (7), air conditioning terminal equipment (9) and a transmission and distribution system arranged in the station hall level (1); The capillary energy wall (5) comprises, in order from the soil side (3) to the station side (12), a structural wall (51), a capillary grid buried pipe layer (52), a thermal insulation layer (53), an aluminum-tin film (54), an air interlayer (55), an aluminum-tin film (54) and a wall (56); The capillary grid buried tube layer (52) includes a capillary grid laid on the inner side of the structural wall (51); The transmission and distribution system includes a cooling water / heat medium circulation pipeline (6) connecting the capillary energy wall (5) and the heat pump unit (7), and a chilled water / hot water circulation pipeline (8) connecting the air-conditioning terminal device (9) and the heat pump unit (7).

2. The subway station capillary energy wall soil source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The capillary grid comprises a plurality of capillary grid units, and the capillary grid units comprise a capillary grid main pipe (521) and a capillary grid branch pipe (522); One capillary grid main pipe (521) is connected to a plurality of capillary grid branch pipes (522), and the plurality of capillary grid branch pipes (522) are connected to another capillary grid main pipe (521).

3. The subway station capillary energy wall soil source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 2 is characterized by: A plurality of capillary grid units are horizontally connected in parallel to form a capillary grid sheet, and the capillary grid main pipe (521) of each capillary grid unit is respectively connected to a return water main pipe (523) and a water supply main pipe (524).

4. The subway station capillary energy wall soil source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 3 is characterized by: A plurality of capillary grid sheets are vertically connected, and the return water main (523) and the supply water main (524) of each capillary grid sheet are respectively merged into the return water main pipe and the supply water main pipe.

5. The subway station capillary energy wall soil source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer (53) is a polyurethane board or an extruded board.

6. The subway station capillary energy wall soil source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A smooth aluminum-tin film (54) is provided on one side of the heat-insulating layer (53) close to the air interlayer (55).

7. The subway station capillary energy wall soil source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall (56) is a fiber cement board.

8. The subway station capillary energy wall soil source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A smooth aluminum-tin film (54) is provided on one side of the separation wall (56) close to the air interlayer (55).

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