Rotary guide drill bit
By designing an internal guide system and a shunt control system in the rotary guide drill bit, the problems of unsmooth borehole trajectory and low guidance accuracy in the prior art are solved, and a higher guidance accuracy and slope range are achieved, reducing production costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422051845.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-23
AI Technical Summary
The existing rotary guide system causes unsmooth borehole trajectory during drilling, accelerates wear of drill bits and bearings, low guidance accuracy, and small slope range, which increases production costs.
A rotary guide drill bit is designed, and its guide system is located inside the drill bit. The injection position and flow rate of the drilling fluid are controlled through a diverter, so as to achieve independent rotation and self-adjustment, avoid direct contact with the well wall and reduce wear.
It effectively reduces the wear of drill bits and drill tools, improves the guidance accuracy and slope range, simplifies the drill bit structure, and reduces production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN222909929U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a rotary steerable bit. Background Technique
[0002] In the process of oil and gas drilling, in order to improve the recovery rate or due to geological conditions, each oil company often conducts the drilling and development of directional wells or horizontal wells. Therefore, during the drilling process, steering tools are needed to deflect the wellbore.
[0003] At present, the commonly used rotary steerable tools can be roughly divided into push-type, pointing-type and hybrid types. For the push-type rotary steerable system, although it works stably, the wellbore trajectory fluctuates greatly during the steering process, the drilled wellbore trajectory is not smooth, and the wear of the bit and bearings will be accelerated during the working process. Although the pointing-type rotary steerable system overcomes these problems, its build rate range is small, the build rate is low, and during the working process of these two steering systems, the steering tool will contact the wellbore wall, resulting in its wear and affecting the steering accuracy. And some of the existing methods using the bit hydraulic device for steering require specially adapted nozzles on the bit, which requires substantial improvement of the conventional bit, and usually requires the use of rotary seals, which increases the complexity of the system and raises the production cost. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a rotary steerable bit to reduce the production cost and improve the steering accuracy.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a rotary steerable bit, which includes a bit body, a fixed ring, an upper sleeve, a connecting shaft, a central shaft, a support frame, a radial bearing, a baffle, a first thrust bearing, a spring, a diverter, a second thrust bearing, and a lower sleeve; the fluid channel in the bit body is communicated with the nozzle.
[0006] The fixed sleeve composed of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve is sleeved inside the drill bit body, and the fixing ring is arranged at the end of the upper sleeve; the support frame is composed of an outer support ring, a support plate and an inner support ring. The outer support ring and the inner support ring are connected by the support plate. The support frame is installed on the central shaft through a radial bearing. The radial bearing is pushed by a spring that abuts against the first thrust bearing. The first thrust bearing and the protruding part on the inner support ring jointly position the radial bearing; the outer support ring of the support frame is located in the annular groove formed by the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve; one end of the central shaft is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end is threadedly connected to the diverter. During operation, the connecting shaft, the central shaft and the diverter rotate together. After the connecting shaft, the central shaft and the diverter are connected, the central shaft rotates past the radial bearing on the support frame. The inner sleeve of the radial bearing supports the rotation of the central shaft so that it does not contact the outer sleeve of the radial bearing, thereby enabling the rotation of the central shaft to be independent of the rotation of the drill bit body. During the rotation of the drill bit, the positions of the connecting shaft, the central shaft and the diverter can be self-controlled and independently adjusted relative to the ground; the diverter is composed of a diversion port, a web and a central shaft ring; the baffle is located at the lower end of the support frame and is used to push against the outer sleeve of the radial bearing to axially position it. The first thrust bearing and the spring are sleeved inside the central shaft ring of the diverter. One side of the first thrust bearing abuts against the spring, and the other side pushes against the inner sleeve of the radial bearing to axially position it; the outer support ring is clamped between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve to achieve axial positioning. The outer support ring and the inner support ring are connected by the support plate, and the side pores are fluid channels that allow drilling fluid to pass through; the radial bearing is fixed inside the inner support ring to circumferentially position it.
[0007] Further, an interference fit is adopted between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve and the drill bit body.
[0008] Further, a thread for connecting with the central shaft is opened inside the central shaft ring of the diverter.
[0009] Further, the second thrust bearing is a pin bearing, its female pin is installed inside the drill bit body, and its male pin is installed on the diverter, and the two cooperate to axially support the diverter.
[0010] Further, the fixing ring is installed on the drill bit body by thread for axially positioning the fixed sleeve.
[0011] Further, an interference fit is adopted between the fixed sleeve and the drill bit body. The support frame is fixedly installed through the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve, and a radial bearing is installed in the support frame to support the rotation of the central shaft.
[0012] Further, the diverter can flow the drilling fluid flowing down from the upper end out through one or more fluid channels and finally spray out from the nozzles in the specified direction, thereby realizing the guiding function.
[0013] Advantages of the present utility model: A rotary steerable bit is provided to reduce production costs and improve steering accuracy. Compared with the prior art, the steering system of the rotary steerable bit is located inside the bit and does not directly contact the wellbore wall, which can effectively reduce the wear of the drill string and the bit; the bit structure is simpler, facilitating processing and manufacturing, and there is no need to process special nozzles, which can reduce production costs; by controlling the position and flow rate of the drilling fluid ejected by the diverter, the inclination range is large and the steering accuracy is high. Description of the Drawings
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of the rotary steerable bit in the first embodiment.
[0015] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the support frame in the first embodiment.
[0016] Figure 3 It is a half-sectional three-dimensional structural view of the support frame in the first embodiment.
[0017] Figure 4 It is a partially-sectional three-dimensional structural view of the diverter in the first embodiment.
[0018] Figure 5 It is a working schematic view of the diverter in the first embodiment where the diverter port is aligned with one fluid passage and the other two fluid passages are blocked by the web.
[0019] Figure 6 It is a working schematic view of the diverter in the first embodiment after rotating a certain angle, where the diverter port is aligned with a part of one fluid passage and the other two fluid passages are blocked by the web.
[0020] Figure 7 It is a working schematic view of the diverter in the first embodiment after rotating a certain angle, where the diverter port is aligned with parts of two fluid passages and the other fluid passage is blocked by the web.
[0021] Figure 8 It is a schematic working principle view of the rotary steerable bit in the first embodiment.
[0022] In the figure: 1. Bit body, 2. Fixed ring, 3. Upper sleeve, 4. Connecting shaft, 5. Central shaft, 6. Support frame, 7. Radial bearing, 8. Baffle, 9. First thrust bearing, 10. Spring, 11. Diverter, 12. Second thrust bearing, 13. Lower sleeve, 14. Fluid passage, 15. Nozzle, 61. Outer support ring, 62. Support plate, 63. Inner support ring, 111. Diverter port, 112. Web, 113. Central shaft ring; Detailed Embodiment Embodiment
[0023] Referring to the various figures, a rotary steerable bit, the rotary steerable bit comprising a bit body 1, a fixing ring 2, an upper sleeve 3, a connecting shaft 4, a central shaft 5, a support frame 6, a radial bearing 7, a baffle 8, a first thrust bearing 9, a spring 10, a diverter 11, a second thrust bearing 12, and a lower sleeve 13; a fluid passage 14 in the bit body 1 communicates with a nozzle 15.
[0024] The fixed sleeve formed by the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve is sleeved inside the bit body, and the fixing ring is arranged at the end of the upper sleeve; the support frame is composed of an outer support ring 61, a support plate 62, and an inner support ring 63. The outer support ring and the inner support ring are connected by the support plate. The support frame is mounted on the central shaft through a radial bearing. The radial bearing is pushed by a spring that abuts against the first thrust bearing. The first thrust bearing and the protruding part on the inner support ring jointly realize the positioning of the radial bearing; the outer support ring of the support frame is located in the annular groove formed by the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve; one end of the central shaft is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end is threadedly connected to the diverter. During operation, the connecting shaft, the central shaft, and the diverter rotate together. After the connecting shaft, the central shaft, and the diverter are connected, the central shaft rotates past the radial bearing on the support frame. The inner sleeve of the radial bearing supports the rotation of the central shaft so that it does not contact the outer sleeve of the radial bearing, thereby enabling the rotation of the central shaft to be independent of the rotation of the bit body. During the rotation of the bit, the positions of the connecting shaft, the central shaft, and the diverter can be self-controlled and independently adjusted relative to the ground; the diverter is composed of a diversion port 111, a web 112, and a central shaft ring 113; the baffle is located at the lower end of the support frame and is used to push against the outer sleeve of the radial bearing for axial positioning. The first thrust bearing and the spring are sleeved inside the central shaft ring of the diverter. One side of the first thrust bearing abuts against the spring, and the other side pushes against the inner sleeve of the radial bearing for axial positioning; the outer support ring is clamped between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve to achieve axial positioning. The outer support ring and the inner support ring are connected by a support plate, and the side pores are fluid passages that allow drilling fluid to pass through; the radial bearing is fixed inside the inner support ring for circumferential positioning.
[0025] The upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are in interference fit with the bit body; a thread for connecting with the central shaft is provided in the central shaft ring of the diverter; the second thrust bearing; is a pin bearing, its female pin is installed in the bit body, and its male pin is installed on the diverter, and the two cooperate to axially support the diverter; the fixing ring is installed on the bit body by thread for axially positioning the fixed sleeve.
[0026] During the working process, there are three corresponding relationships between the diverter and the fluid passage, as Figure 5 shown, the diversion port of the diverter is aligned with one fluid passage, and the other two fluid passages are blocked by the web. At this time, the velocity of the drilling fluid passing through the fluid passage is the lowest, and the pressure drop is the lowest. AsFigure 6 As shown, the diverter rotates by a certain angle. At this time, the diverter port is aligned with a part of one fluid channel, and the other two fluid channels are blocked by the web. As Figure 7 shown, the diverter rotates by a certain angle. At this time, the diverter port is aligned with a part of two fluid channels, and the other fluid channel is blocked by the web. At this time, the velocity of the drilling fluid passing through the fluid channel is the maximum, and the pressure drop is the highest. By controlling the position of the diverter relative to the ground, the drilling fluid is ejected from the drill bit in a certain specified direction, as Figure 8 shown. After the drilling fluid is ejected from one direction, it will return upward in the direction of the arrow. During the upward return process, due to the interaction between the drilling fluid and the wellbore wall and the drill bit, a thrust will be generated on the drill bit in the direction of the arrow on the drill bit, so as to realize the expected deviation of the drill bit and achieve directional drilling. In this embodiment, the upper end is the position close to the wellhead, and the lower end is the position close to the bottom of the well. The build rate and azimuth angle of the rotary steerable drill bit can be controlled by the flow rate, the position and rotation speed of the diverter. When a vertical well needs to be drilled, only by controlling the rapid rotation of the diverter, the drilling fluid can be evenly ejected from the drill bit, so as to drill a vertical well. By optimizing the design of the rotary steerable system inside the drill bit, the structure of the rotary steerable system is made simpler. At the same time, the processing of special nozzles is eliminated, the wear between the drill bit and the drill string is effectively reduced during the working process, the build rate range and the steering accuracy are improved, which is beneficial to the drilling of directional wells and horizontal wells. The diverter can make the drilling fluid flowing down from the upper end flow out from one or more fluid channels and finally be ejected from the specified nozzle, so as to realize the steering function. Compared with the traditional rotary steerable tool, it has a simple structure, does not require additional processing of nozzles, has higher tool steering accuracy, a larger build rate range and a longer service life.
[0027] The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a rotary steerable drill bit, which comprises a drill bit body, a fixed ring, an upper sleeve, a connecting shaft, a central shaft, a support frame, a radial bearing, a baffle plate, a first thrust bearing, a spring, a diverter, a second thrust bearing, and a lower sleeve; the fluid channel in the drill bit body is communicated with the nozzle. The fixed sleeve composed of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve is sleeved inside the drill bit body; the support frame is composed of an outer support ring, a support plate and an inner support ring. The support frame is installed on the central shaft through a radial bearing, and the radial bearing is pushed by a spring against the first thrust bearing; the outer support ring of the support frame is located in the annular groove formed by the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve; one end of the central shaft is threadedly connected with the connecting shaft, and the other end is threadedly connected with the diverter. The diverter is composed of a diverter port, a web and a central shaft ring; the baffle plate is located at the lower end of the support frame. This drill bit can reduce production costs and improve steering accuracy.
Claims
1. A rotary guide drill bit, characterized in that: The rotary guide drill bit comprises a drill bit body, a fixing ring, an upper sleeve, a connecting shaft, a central shaft, a support frame, a radial bearing, a baffle, a first thrust bearing, a spring, a flow divider, a second thrust bearing, and a lower sleeve; the fluid channel in the drill bit body is connected to the nozzle; The fixed sleeve composed of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve is sleeved in the drill bit body, and the fixed ring is arranged at the end of the upper sleeve; the support frame is composed of an outer support ring, a support plate and an inner support ring, the outer support ring and the inner support ring are connected by the support plate, and the support frame is installed on the central shaft through a radial bearing, and the radial bearing is pushed by a spring against the first thrust bearing; the outer support ring of the support frame is located in the annular groove composed of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve; one end of the central shaft is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end thereof is threadedly connected to the diverter, and the diverter is composed of a diverter port, a web and a central shaft ring; the baffle is located at the lower end of the support frame.
2. The rotary guide drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper sleeve, the lower sleeve and the drill bit body are fitted with interference fit.
3. The rotary guide drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central shaft ring of the flow divider is provided with a thread connected with the central shaft.
4. The rotary guide drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second thrust bearing is a pin bearing, the female pin of which is installed in the drill body and the male pin is installed on the diverter.
5. The rotary guide drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing ring is installed on the drill body through threads and is used for axial positioning of the fixing sleeve.