Cover plate assembly and battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cover plate assembly and a battery, the cover plate assembly comprises a positive pole part, a negative pole part and an upper cover plate, the positive pole part comprises a positive pole plate and a positive pole post which are connected, the negative pole part comprises a negative pole plate and a negative pole post which are connected, and a positive pole placing position and a negative pole placing position are formed on the upper cover plate; the positive electrode placing position comprises a first groove and a first through hole formed in the upper cover plate in a penetrating manner, the first groove is used for being matched with a positive electrode plate in an embedded manner, and the first through hole is used for being matched with a positive electrode column in an embedded manner; the negative electrode placing position comprises a second groove and a second through hole formed in the upper cover plate in a penetrating mode, the second groove is used for being matched with a negative electrode plate in an embedded mode, the second through hole is used for being matched with a negative electrode column in an embedded mode, and the orthographic projection shapes of the first groove and the second groove are different. According to the battery, the condition that the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery are reversely connected can be effectively avoided, and the phenomena that electric equipment is burnt, components are seriously heated or broken down, and even deflagration occurs in a serious condition are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly to a cover plate assembly and a battery. Background Art

[0002] A battery is a device that can convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and has a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Using a battery as an energy source, a current with a stable voltage, a stable current, a long-term stable power supply, and little influence from the outside can be obtained. Moreover, the battery has a simple structure, is easy to carry, the charging and discharging operations are simple and easy, and it is not affected by the outside climate and temperature, and its performance is stable and reliable, playing a great role in various aspects of modern social life.

[0003] One end of the pole in the battery is directly connected to the bus bar, and the other end is connected to an external conductor or to one pole of an adjacent single battery in the battery pack. The battery has a positive pole and a negative pole. If the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery are connected reversely, it will cause the electrical equipment to burn out, the components to overheat severely or be punctured, and even cause a deflagration phenomenon in severe cases. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a cover plate assembly and a battery to solve the problem of reverse connection of the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a cover plate assembly, including:

[0006] A positive electrode component, including a positive electrode plate and a positive electrode pole connected to each other;

[0007] A negative electrode component, including a negative electrode plate and a negative electrode pole connected to each other; and

[0008] An upper cover plate, on which a positive electrode placement position and a negative electrode placement position are formed. The positive electrode placement position includes a first groove and a first through hole penetrating through the upper cover plate. The first groove is used for fittingly embedding with the positive electrode plate, and the first through hole is used for fittingly embedding with the positive electrode pole; the negative electrode placement position includes a second groove and a second through hole penetrating through the upper cover plate. The second groove is used for fittingly embedding with the negative electrode plate, and the second through hole is used for fittingly embedding with the negative electrode pole. The orthographic projection shapes of the first groove and the second groove are different.

[0009] Optionally, it further includes a positive electrode backing plate and a negative electrode backing plate. The positive electrode backing plate is embedded in the first groove, and a first inner groove for fittingly embedding with the positive electrode plate is formed on the positive electrode backing plate; the negative electrode backing plate is embedded in the second groove, and a second inner groove for fittingly embedding with the negative electrode plate is formed on the negative electrode backing plate; the orthographic projection shapes of the first inner groove and the second inner groove are different.

[0010] Optionally, the positive electrode backing plate includes a rounded plate-like structure, and the angles of the rounded corners of the positive electrode backing plate are the same; the negative electrode backing plate includes a rounded plate-like structure, and the angles of the rounded corners of the negative electrode backing plate are the same.

[0011] Optionally, the positive electrode plate and the positive electrode post are of an integral structure, and the negative electrode plate and the negative electrode post are of an integral structure.

[0012] Optionally, it further includes a lower cover plate, which is arranged on the side of the upper cover plate away from the positive electrode plate. The lower cover plate is provided with a positive electrode through hole and a negative electrode through hole penetrating therethrough. The positive electrode through hole is used to cooperate with the positive electrode post, and the negative electrode through hole is used to cooperate with the negative electrode post.

[0013] Optionally, it further includes a first sealing member and a second sealing member. The first sealing member is used to seal the positive electrode post and the first through hole, and the second sealing member is used to seal the negative electrode post and the second through hole.

[0014] Optionally, the first sealing member includes a connected first sealing portion, a second sealing portion and a third sealing portion. The cross-section of the first sealing member is in a C-shaped structure, and the C-shaped structure is embedded and connected at the first through hole of the upper cover plate. The first sealing portion seals the positive electrode post and the positive electrode backing plate, and the third sealing portion seals the positive electrode post and the lower cover plate; the structure of the second sealing member is the same as that of the first sealing member.

[0015] Optionally, a first explosion-proof valve is provided on the upper cover plate, and a second explosion-proof valve is provided at the position of the lower cover plate corresponding to the first explosion-proof valve; a first liquid injection hole is provided on the upper cover plate, and a second liquid injection hole is provided at the position of the lower cover plate corresponding to the first liquid injection hole.

[0016] Optionally, the lower cover plate is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs, and one end of each reinforcing rib is connected to the second explosion-proof valve or the second liquid injection hole.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery, including the cover plate assembly provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0018] The above technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] In the cover plate assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application, the orthographic projection shapes of the first groove and the second groove are different. Among them, the first groove is used for embedding and mating with the positive electrode plate, and the second groove is used for embedding and mating with the negative electrode plate. It can be seen from this that the orthographic projection shapes of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are also different. In this way, during the assembly process, the situation of reversing the installation of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate can be effectively avoided. In addition, since the positive electrode post is connected to the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode post is connected to the negative electrode plate, the situation of reversing the connection of the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post can be effectively avoided, preventing the electrical equipment from being burned out, the components from overheating severely or being punctured, and even a deflagration phenomenon may occur in severe cases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present application.

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by the pictures in the corresponding accompanying drawings. These exemplary illustrations do not limit the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, unless otherwise stated, and the drawings in the figures do not constitute a proportional limitation.

[0023] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the cover plate assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positive electrode backing plate in the cover plate assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the negative electrode backing plate in the cover plate assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper cover plate in the cover plate assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower cover plate in the cover plate assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a perspective view of the lower cover plate in the cover plate assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the structure of the first seal in the cover plate assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 For Figure 8 Enlarged view of part A in

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Cover plate assembly;

[0034] 11. Positive electrode component; 111. Positive electrode plate; 1111. First part of the positive electrode; 1112. Second part of the positive electrode; 1113. Countersunk hole; 112. Positive electrode terminal;

[0035] 12. Negative electrode component; 121. Negative electrode plate; 122. Negative electrode terminal;

[0036] 13. Upper cover plate; 131. First groove; 132. First through hole; 133. Second groove; 134. Second through hole; 135. First explosion-proof valve; 136. First liquid injection hole;

[0037] 14. Positive electrode backing plate; 141. First inner groove;

[0038] 15. Negative electrode backing plate; 151. Second inner groove;

[0039] 16. Lower cover plate; 161. Positive electrode through hole; 162. Negative electrode through hole; 163. Second explosion-proof valve; 164. Second liquid injection hole; 165. Reinforcing rib;

[0040] 17. First seal; 171. First sealing part; 172. Second sealing part; 173. Third sealing part;

[0041] 18. Second seal;

[0042] 2. Conductive part; 3. Cage. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the present application may repeat reference numerals and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0045] For ease of description, spatially relative relationship terms may be used in the text to describe the relative positional relationship or movement of one element or feature shown in the figure with respect to another element or feature. These relative relationship terms such as "inner", "outer", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "beneath", "above", "over", "front", "rear", etc. This spatially relative relationship term is intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation other than the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a position flip or attitude change or motion state change, then these directional indications will change accordingly. For example, an element described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features will subsequently be oriented as "above" or "over" other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be oriented otherwise (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatially relative relationship descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a cover plate assembly, including:

[0047] A positive electrode component 11, including a positive electrode plate 111 and a positive electrode terminal 112 connected to each other;

[0048] A negative electrode component 12, including a negative electrode plate 121 and a negative electrode terminal 122 connected to each other; and

[0049] An upper cover plate 13, on which a positive electrode placement position and a negative electrode placement position are formed. The positive electrode placement position includes a first groove 131 and a first through hole 132 penetrating through the upper cover plate 13. The first groove 131 is used for fittingly embedding with the positive electrode plate 111, and the first through hole 132 is used for fittingly embedding with the positive electrode terminal 112. The negative electrode placement position includes a second groove 133 and a second through hole 134 penetrating through the upper cover plate 13. The second groove 133 is used for fittingly embedding with the negative electrode plate 121, and the second through hole 134 is used for fittingly embedding with the negative electrode terminal 122. The orthographic projection shapes of the first groove 131 and the second groove 133 are different.

[0050] The orthographic projection shapes of the first groove 131 and the second groove 133 are different. Among them, the first groove 131 is used to embed and cooperate with the positive electrode plate 111, and the second groove 133 is used to embed and cooperate with the negative electrode plate 121. It can be seen from this that the orthographic projection shapes of the positive electrode plate 111 and the negative electrode plate 121 are also different. In this way, during the assembly process, the situation of reverse installation of the positive electrode plate 111 and the negative electrode plate 121 can be effectively avoided. In addition, since the positive electrode post 112 is connected to the positive electrode plate 111 and the negative electrode post 122 is connected to the negative electrode plate 121, the situation of reverse connection of the positive electrode post 112 and the negative electrode post 122 can be effectively avoided, preventing the electrical equipment from being burned out, the components from overheating severely or being punctured, and even causing a deflagration phenomenon in severe cases.

[0051] In the existing cover plate assembly 1, it is usually necessary to set riveting blocks to be fixedly connected with the electrode posts to achieve the limit of the electrode posts, which will increase the assembly process of the cover plate assembly 1. To avoid the above problems, in some embodiments of the present application, the positive electrode plate 111 and the positive electrode post 112 are of an integral structure, and the negative electrode plate 121 and the negative electrode post 122 are of an integral structure, which can reduce the connection process related to the electrode posts and improve the assembly efficiency.

[0052] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , the cover plate assembly 1 further includes a positive electrode backing plate 14 and a negative electrode backing plate 15. The positive electrode backing plate 14 is embedded in the first groove 131, and a first inner groove 141 for embedding and cooperating with the positive electrode plate 111 is provided on the positive electrode backing plate 14; the negative electrode backing plate 15 is embedded in the second groove 133, and a second inner groove 151 for embedding and cooperating with the negative electrode plate 121 is provided on the negative electrode backing plate 15; the orthographic projection shapes of the first inner groove 141 and the second inner groove 151 are different. Among them, the positive electrode backing plate 14 and the negative electrode backing plate 15 can be made of the same material. The backing plate can be made of PPS material. PPS material is an excellent insulating material without conductive modification, while after conductive modification, PPS material can be converted into a conductive material; it can be selected according to needs whether the positive electrode backing plate 14 and the negative electrode backing plate 15 need to be conductively modified.

[0053] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection shapes of the first groove 131 and the second groove 133 are different, including that the overall shapes of the projections of the first groove 131 and the second groove 133 are completely different, that is, the first groove 131 and the second groove 133 are respectively one of a square, a rectangle, a rhombus, a triangle, a parallelogram, etc. Of course, the orthographic projection shapes of the first groove 131 and the second groove 133 being different also includes that the overall shapes of the first groove 131 and the second groove 133 are similar, but the local shapes in the overall are different. For example, the overall shapes of the first groove 131 and the second groove 133 are both rectangles. The four corners of the rectangle of the first groove 131 can be chamfered, and the four corners of the rectangle of the second groove 133 can be rounded corners.

[0054] Optionally, the positive electrode backing plate 14 includes a rounded plate-like structure, and the angles of the rounded corners of the positive electrode backing plate 14 are the same in part; the negative electrode backing plate 15 includes a rounded plate-like structure, and the angles of the rounded corners of the negative electrode backing plate 15 are the same in part. As an example, among the rounded corners of the positive electrode backing plate 14, the angles of three of the rounded corners can be the same, and the angle of the other rounded corner is different; at this time, among the rounded corners of the negative electrode backing plate 15, the angles of two of the rounded corners can be the same, and the other two rounded corners are the same, but different from the angles of the aforementioned two rounded corners. Of course, among the rounded corners of the negative electrode backing plate 15, the angles of three of the rounded corners can also be the same, and the angle of the other rounded corner is different. In this case, the positions of the rounded corners with different angles on the positive electrode backing plate 14 are completely different from the positions on the negative electrode backing plate 15. Only in this way can the orthographic projection shapes of the positive electrode backing plate 14 and the negative electrode backing plate 15 be different, and the anti-fooling effect can be achieved. As an example, the rounded corner with a different angle on the positive electrode backing plate 14 can be located at the upper left position of the orthographic projection of the upper cover plate 13, and the rounded corner with a different angle on the negative electrode backing plate 15 can be located at the upper right position of the orthographic projection of the upper cover plate 13, thereby realizing the distinction of the installation positions of the positive electrode terminal 112 and the negative electrode terminal 122.

[0055] Optionally, the positive electrode plate 111 further includes a connected first positive electrode part 1111 and a second positive electrode part 1112. The second positive electrode part 1112 is used to connect with the positive electrode terminal 112. The first positive electrode part 1111 is located on the side of the second positive electrode part 1112 away from the positive electrode terminal 112, and the cross-sectional dimension of the first positive electrode part 1111 is smaller than that of the second positive electrode part 1112, that is, there is a gap between the edge of the first positive electrode part 1111 and the corresponding edge of the second positive electrode part 1112. The second positive electrode part 1112 is used for embedded fit with the first groove 141 in the positive electrode backing plate 14, and the first positive electrode part 1111 protrudes from the first groove 141; this can avoid the contact between the first positive electrode part 1111 and the positive electrode backing plate 14, ensure that the connection row welding during battery grouping is not affected by the terminal encapsulation, and ensure the welding reliability. Among them, the first positive electrode part 1111 and the second positive electrode part 1112 can be integrally formed. In addition, a countersunk hole 1113 can be opened on the first positive electrode part 1111, and the countersunk hole 1113 is used for welding positioning to facilitate the welding of the subsequent connection row of the battery.

[0056] It can be known that the structure of the negative electrode plate 121 can be the same as that of the positive electrode plate 111. Therefore, the negative electrode plate 121 includes a connected first negative electrode part and a second negative electrode part. The first negative electrode part is located on the side of the second negative electrode part away from the negative electrode terminal 122, and the cross-sectional dimension of the first negative electrode part is smaller than that of the second negative electrode part, that is, there is a gap between the edge of the first negative electrode part and the corresponding edge of the second negative electrode part. The second negative electrode part is used for embedded fit with the second groove 151 in the negative electrode backing plate 15, and the first negative electrode part protrudes from the second groove 151; this can avoid the contact between the first negative electrode part and the negative electrode backing plate 15, ensure that the connection row welding during battery grouping is not affected by the terminal encapsulation, and ensure the welding reliability. Among them, the first negative electrode part and the second negative electrode part can be integrally formed. In addition, a countersunk hole 1113 can also be opened on the first negative electrode part, and the countersunk hole 1113 is used for welding positioning to facilitate the welding of the subsequent connection row of the battery.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , in some embodiments, the cover plate assembly 1 further includes a lower cover plate 16. The lower cover plate 16 is disposed on the side of the upper cover plate 13 away from the positive electrode plate 111. A positive electrode through hole 161 and a negative electrode through hole 162 are penetrated through the lower cover plate 16. The positive electrode through hole 161 is used to cooperate with the positive electrode terminal 112, and the negative electrode through hole 162 is used to cooperate with the negative electrode terminal 122. Among them, the upper cover plate 13 is made of a conductive material, and the lower cover plate 16 is made of a plastic material. The lower cover plate 16 can be used for assembly connection, so as to connect the cover plate assembly 1 to other components, thereby assembling the overall structure of the battery.

[0058] In some embodiments, the cover plate assembly 1 further includes a first seal 17 and a second seal 18. The first seal 17 is used to seal the positive electrode terminal 112 and the first through hole 132, and the second seal 18 is used to seal the negative electrode terminal 122 and the second through hole 134. The first seal 17 and the second seal 18 are used to achieve the function of sealed connection. Wherein, the materials of the first seal 17 and the second seal 18 can be the same, including fluororubber or soluble polytetrafluoroethylene (PFA).

[0059] Optionally, the first seal 17 includes a first sealing portion 171, a second sealing portion 172 and a third sealing portion 173 connected to each other. The cross-section of the first seal 17 is in a C-shaped structure, and the C-shaped structure is embedded and connected to the first through hole 132 of the upper cover plate 13. The first sealing portion 171 seals the positive electrode terminal 112 and the positive electrode backing plate 14, and the third sealing portion 173 seals the positive electrode terminal 112 and the lower cover plate 16. The structure of the second seal 18 is the same as that of the first seal 17. Wherein, the C-shaped structure in the first seal 17 is used to cooperate with the first through hole 132 in the upper cover plate 13. Similarly, it can be known that the second seal 18 also has a C-shaped structure for cooperating with the second through hole 134 of the upper cover plate 13. After the cover plate assembly 1 is connected to other components, the first seal 17 is sleeved on the positive electrode terminal 112. The first sealing portion 171 is pressed into the gap between the positive electrode plate 111, the positive electrode backing plate 14, the upper cover plate 13 and the positive electrode terminal 112, and the third sealing portion 173 is pressed into the gap between the upper cover plate 13, the lower cover plate 16 and the positive electrode terminal 112, so as to ensure a good sealing effect.

[0060] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , in some embodiments, a first explosion-proof valve 135 is provided on the upper cover plate 13, and a second explosion-proof valve 163 is provided at the position of the lower cover plate 16 corresponding to the first explosion-proof valve 135. A first liquid injection hole 136 is provided on the upper cover plate 13, and a second liquid injection hole 164 is provided at the position of the lower cover plate 16 corresponding to the first liquid injection hole 136, which is convenient for setting the explosion-proof valve and the liquid injection operation.

[0061] Optionally, the lower cover plate 16 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 165, and one end of each reinforcing rib 165 is connected to the second explosion-proof valve 163 or the second liquid injection hole 164. The structural strength is increased by the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs 165.

[0062] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9, in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a battery is provided, including the cover plate assembly 1 described in the above embodiments. The battery further includes conductive members 2 disposed on both sides of the cover plate assembly 1. The two conductive members 2 are respectively connected to the positive electrode terminal 112 and the negative electrode terminal 122, that is, the positive electrode terminal 112 or the negative electrode terminal 122 sequentially passes through the positive electrode backing plate 14 or the negative electrode backing plate 15, the upper cover plate 13, and the lower cover plate 16 to be connected to the conductive member 2, realizing the conduction between the conductive member 2 and the terminal, and connecting the cover plate assembly 1 and the conductive member 2 into an integral body, facilitating subsequent assembly. The conductive member 2 is provided with a welding portion for welding with the positive electrode tab or the negative electrode tab of the wound core, and realizing the electrical connection between the terminal and the tab of the wound core through the conductive member 2.

[0063] Specifically, the wound core is located in the region enclosed by the two conductive members 2. The conductive members 2 are located on the side of the lower cover plate 16 away from the upper cover plate 13, and the lower cover plate 16 can play a role in isolating the upper cover plate 13, the conductive members 2, and the wound core.

[0064] In some embodiments, the battery further includes a cage 3. The cage 3 is integrally arranged in a U-shaped structure. The cover plate assembly 1 is disposed on the upper side of the cage 3 and can be connected to the cage 3 to form an integral structure. After the cage 3 and the cover plate assembly 1 enclose each other, the inside is used to place the wound core, which can support and protect the wound core and the tabs, ensuring the stability and reliability of the tab connection.

[0065] It should be understood that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms "comprising", "including", "containing", and "having" are inclusive and thus specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the execution order is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0066] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another region, layer, or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second", and other numerical terms do not imply an order or sequence when used in this document. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0067] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A cover plate assembly, characterized in that: include: A positive electrode component (11), comprising a positive electrode plate (111) and a positive electrode column (112) connected to each other; A negative electrode component (12), comprising a negative electrode plate (121) and a negative electrode column (122) connected to each other; and An upper cover plate (13) is formed with a positive electrode placement position and a negative electrode placement position, the positive electrode placement position comprising a first groove (131) and a first through hole (132) extending through the upper cover plate (13), the first groove (131) being used for embedding with the positive electrode plate (111), and the first through hole (132) being used for embedding with the positive electrode column (112); the negative electrode placement position comprising a second groove (133) and a second through hole (134) extending through the upper cover plate (13), the second groove (133) being used for embedding with the negative electrode plate (121), and the second through hole (134) being used for embedding with the negative electrode column (122), and the orthographic projection shapes of the first groove (131) and the second groove (133) being different.

2. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a positive electrode pad (14) and a negative electrode pad (15), wherein the positive electrode pad (14) is embedded in the first groove (131), and a first inner groove (141) is provided on the positive electrode pad (14) to be embedded and matched with the positive electrode plate (111); the negative electrode pad (15) is embedded in the second groove (133), and a second inner groove (151) is provided on the negative electrode pad (15) to be embedded and matched with the negative electrode plate (121); the first inner groove (141) and the second inner groove (151) have different orthographic projection shapes.

3. The cover plate assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positive electrode pad (14) comprises a rounded plate-shaped structure, and the angle portions of the rounded corners of the positive electrode pad (14) are the same; the negative electrode pad (15) comprises a rounded plate-shaped structure, and the angle portions of the rounded corners of the negative electrode pad (15) are the same.

4. The cover plate assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode plate (111) and the positive electrode column (112) are an integrated structure, and the negative electrode plate (121) and the negative electrode column (122) are an integrated structure.

5. The cover plate assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a lower cover plate (16), wherein the lower cover plate (16) is arranged on a side of the upper cover plate (13) away from the positive electrode plate (111), and a positive electrode through hole (161) and a negative electrode through hole (162) are formed through the lower cover plate (16), wherein the positive electrode through hole (161) is used to cooperate with the positive electrode column (112), and the negative electrode through hole (162) is used to cooperate with the negative electrode column (122).

6. The cover plate assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a first seal (17) and a second seal (18), wherein the first seal (17) is used to seal the positive electrode column (112) and the first through hole (132), and the second seal (18) is used to seal the negative electrode column (122) and the second through hole (134).

7. The cover plate assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first sealing member (17) comprises a first sealing portion (171), a second sealing portion (172) and a third sealing portion (173) which are connected to each other. The cross section of the first sealing member (17) is a C-shaped structure. The C-shaped structure is embedded and connected to the first through hole (132) of the upper cover plate (13). The first sealing portion (171) seals the positive electrode column (112) and the positive electrode pad (14), and the third sealing portion (173) seals the positive electrode column (112) and the lower cover plate (16). The structure of the second sealing member (18) is the same as that of the first sealing member (17).

8. The cover plate assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (13) is provided with a first explosion-proof valve (135), and the lower cover plate (16) is provided with a second explosion-proof valve (163) at a position corresponding to the first explosion-proof valve (135); the upper cover plate (13) is provided with a first liquid injection hole (136), and the lower cover plate (16) is provided with a second liquid injection hole (164) at a position corresponding to the first liquid injection hole (136).

9. The cover plate assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower cover plate (16) is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs (165), and one end of each of the reinforcing ribs (165) is connected to the second explosion-proof valve (163) or the second liquid injection hole (164).

10. A battery, characterized in that: Comprising the cover plate assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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