Battery assembly box, battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery assembly box and a battery pack. The battery pack comprises the battery assembly box and a plurality of battery monomers, when thermal runaway happens to part of the single batteries, high-temperature substances generated inside are sprayed out from the anti-explosion valve and enter the buffer cavity through the pressure relief hole, and the high-temperature substances are diffused in the buffer cavity, enter the exhaust channel through the air inlet assembly and are finally exhausted through the exhaust assembly. High-temperature substances sprayed out of the battery monomers subjected to thermal runaway can be discharged outwards along the buffer cavity and the exhaust channel, the exhaust path of the battery monomers is remarkably prolonged, and the buffer cavity can buffer high-temperature gas, so that the pressure in the box body can be effectively prevented from rising suddenly, and the high-temperature substances are prevented from being gathered at the bottoms of the battery monomers. And moreover, the bottom bracket can play a role in isolating the buffer cavity from the battery monomers. Therefore, high-temperature substances sprayed out of the battery single body with thermal runaway are not easy to spread to other battery single bodies, so that the risk of thermal runaway is obviously reduced. In addition, the utility model also provides electric equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy, and particularly relates to a battery assembly box, a battery pack and an electrical equipment. Background Art

[0002] Generally, an explosion-proof valve is provided for each battery cell applied to a power battery. When the battery cell has a thermal runaway, the high-temperature substances generated can be ejected from the explosion-proof valve. A plurality of battery cells are accommodated in the box body of the battery pack. In order to ensure the safety during the use of the battery pack, a main explosion-proof valve is usually provided on the box body. When any one of the battery cells has a thermal runaway, the high-temperature substances ejected therefrom can finally be discharged to the outside of the box body through the main explosion-proof valve, so as to reduce the pressure and temperature inside the box body to prevent explosion.

[0003] Since the explosion-proof valve of a common battery cell is generally arranged at the bottom or the top, the distance between the explosion-proof valve and the inner wall of the box body is relatively close, resulting in a small exhaust space. Therefore, when some of the battery cells have a thermal runaway and eject high-temperature substances, the high-temperature substances may not be discharged quickly and accumulate inside the box body. The accumulated high-temperature substances are likely to spread to other battery cells and cause thermal runaway of other battery cells, thus triggering a chain reaction and causing overall thermal runaway of the battery pack. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a battery assembly box, a battery pack and an electrical equipment that can reduce the risk of thermal runaway for the above problems.

[0005] On the one hand, the present application provides a battery assembly box, including:

[0006] A box body, including a bottom plate and a frame, the bottom plate and the frame enclose a containing cavity, an exhaust channel is formed inside the frame, and an exhaust assembly communicating with the exhaust channel is arranged on a side of the frame facing away from the containing cavity; and

[0007] A bottom bracket, installed in the containing cavity, a plurality of installation areas for installing battery cells are formed on an upper surface of the bottom bracket facing away from the bottom plate, a pressure relief hole penetrating through the bottom bracket is opened in each installation area, a lower surface of the bottom bracket facing the bottom plate is spaced from the bottom plate, and a buffer cavity is formed between the lower surface and the bottom plate, and an air inlet assembly communicating the exhaust channel with the buffer cavity is opened on a side of the frame facing the containing cavity.

[0008] In one embodiment, a positioning groove is formed in each installation area, and the battery cell installed in the installation area is inserted into the positioning groove, and the pressure relief hole is located at the bottom of the positioning groove.

[0009] In one embodiment, a support structure is provided between the bottom bracket and the bottom plate corresponding to each of the mounting areas, and both ends of the support structure are respectively in contact with the lower surface and the bottom plate.

[0010] In one embodiment, each of the support structures is arranged along the circumference of the corresponding pressure relief hole, an opening is formed on the side surface of the support structure, and the openings of each support structure are staggered from the openings of the adjacent support structures.

[0011] In one embodiment, each of the support structures includes at least two arc-shaped baffles extending along the edge of the corresponding pressure relief hole, both ends of each arc-shaped baffle are respectively in contact with the lower surface and the bottom plate, and a plurality of the arc-shaped baffles are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure relief hole, and the opening is formed between two adjacent arc-shaped baffles.

[0012] In one embodiment, the support structure is divided into a first support structure and a second support structure. The first support structure includes two arc-shaped baffles and forms two openings, and the second support structure includes four arc-shaped baffles and forms four openings.

[0013] In one embodiment, a heat insulation baffle is further included, and the heat insulation baffle is arranged on the upper surface and each pressure relief hole is covered by the heat insulation baffle.

[0014] In one embodiment, a heat insulation buffer layer is further included, and the heat insulation buffer layer is covered on one side of the bottom plate facing the bottom bracket.

[0015] On the other hand, the present application provides a battery pack, which includes a plurality of battery cells and the battery assembly box according to any one of the above preferred embodiments. The plurality of battery cells are respectively installed in the plurality of mounting areas, and the explosion-proof valve of each battery cell faces the pressure relief hole.

[0016] In addition, the present application further provides an electrical equipment, which includes the battery pack according to the above preferred embodiment.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In the above-mentioned battery assembly box and battery pack, after thermal runaway occurs in some battery cells, the high-temperature substances generated inside first spray out from the explosion-proof valve and enter the buffer cavity through the pressure relief hole. After the high-temperature substances diffuse in the buffer cavity, they enter the exhaust passage through the air intake assembly and are finally discharged by the exhaust assembly. The high-temperature substances ejected from the battery cells with thermal runaway can be discharged outwards along the buffer cavity and the exhaust passage, and its exhaust path is significantly extended. Moreover, the buffer cavity can buffer the high-temperature gas, so it can effectively prevent the pressure inside the box from rising steeply and prevent the high-temperature substances from accumulating at the bottom of the battery cells. In addition, the bottom bracket can isolate the buffer cavity from the battery cells. Therefore, the high-temperature substances ejected from the battery cells with thermal runaway are not likely to spread to other battery cells, thereby significantly reducing the risk of thermal runaway. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the battery pack in a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a top view of the battery pack shown;

[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a sectional view of the battery pack shown along A-A;

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a sectional view of the battery pack shown along B-B;

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a schematic structural view of the battery assembly box in the battery pack shown;

[0025] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a schematic structural view of the bottom bracket in the battery assembly box shown;

[0026] Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged schematic view of the partial C in the bottom bracket shown;

[0027] Figure 8 is Figure 6 a bottom view of the bottom bracket shown;

[0028] Figure 9 isFigure 8 An enlarged schematic view of the partial D in the bottom bracket shown. Specific implementation manners

[0029] In order to make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the specific implementation manners of the present utility model in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present utility model. However, the present utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0032] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present utility model provides a battery pack 10. In addition, the present utility model also provides an electrical device.

[0036] The above-mentioned electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery pack 10 and can be powered by the above-mentioned battery pack 10. Among them, the above-mentioned electrical device can be a vehicle, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, an energy storage device, a recreational device, etc. The vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.; the spacecraft includes an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle and a spaceship, etc.; the electric toy includes a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric vehicle toy, an electric ship toy or an electric airplane toy, etc.; the electric tool includes a metal cutting electric tool, a grinding electric tool, an assembly electric tool and a railway electric tool, for example, an electric drill, an electric grinding wheel, an electric wrench, an electric screwdriver, a hammer drill, an impact electric drill, a concrete vibrator and a planer, etc.; the energy storage device can be an energy storage wall, a base station energy storage, a container energy storage, etc.; the recreational device can be a carousel, a drop tower, etc. This application does not impose special restrictions on the above-mentioned electrical device.

[0037] For a new energy vehicle, the above-mentioned battery pack 10 can be used as a driving power source to replace fossil fuels to provide driving power. Among them, the above-mentioned battery pack 10 includes a battery assembly box 100 and a plurality of battery cells 200, and the plurality of battery cells 200 are housed in the battery assembly box 100.

[0038] Multiple battery cells 200 can be electrically connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid manner of series and parallel. The above-mentioned battery cells 200 can be lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, and their outer contours can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, but are not limited thereto. Specifically, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned battery cells 200 are lithium-ion cylindrical batteries. Each battery cell 200 is provided with an explosion-proof valve (not shown in the figure), and the explosion-proof valve is located at the bottom of the battery cell 200.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 5 together. The battery assembly box 100 in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a box body 110 and a bottom bracket 120.

[0040] The box body 110 includes a bottom plate 111 and a frame 112. The frame 112 encloses a ring structure, and its upper and lower ends penetrate. The frame 112 is generally formed by a sheet metal part and has high mechanical strength, and can serve as the skeleton of the box body 110. The frame 112 is usually rectangular, so that the outer contour of the box body 110 is square. The bottom plate 111 is covered on one end of the frame 112 and can be connected to the frame 112 by welding, screw fastening, etc. Moreover, the bottom plate 111 and the frame 112 enclose a receiving cavity (not marked in the figure) for accommodating multiple battery cells 200. In addition, the box body 110 generally further includes structures such as an upper cover (not shown in the figure), and the upper cover can close the other end of the frame 112, thereby closing the above-mentioned receiving cavity.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 together. An exhaust passage 101 is formed inside the frame 112, and an exhaust assembly 130 communicating with the exhaust passage 101 is provided on the side of the frame 112 facing away from the receiving cavity. That is, the frame 112 is a hollow structure and can be formed by using a profile with a hollow interior. The exhaust assembly 130 can be set as an exhaust hole, a valve, etc. In this embodiment, the exhaust assembly 130 is set as a main explosion-proof valve.

[0042] The bottom bracket 120 is used to support and install multiple battery cells 200, and can be formed by using a material with relatively high heat resistance such as metal. The bottom bracket 120 is installed in the receiving cavity, and its main body part is plate-shaped, and the contour is adapted to the contour of the receiving cavity. Among them, a plurality of installation areas (not marked in the figure) are formed on the upper surface of the bracket 120 facing away from the bottom plate 111, and multiple battery cells 200 are respectively installed in the multiple installation areas. The lower surface of the bottom bracket 120 facing the bottom plate 111 is spaced from the bottom plate 111, and a buffer cavity 102 is formed between the lower surface and the bottom plate 111. That is to say, the lower surface of the bottom bracket 120 does not fit with the bottom plate 111, and there is a gap between the two to form a buffer cavity 102.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7, in this embodiment, a positioning groove 122 is formed in each installation area, and the battery cell 200 installed in the installation area is inserted into the positioning groove 122.

[0044] Specifically, the positioning groove 122 can be formed by the installation area being recessed inward, or the positioning groove 122 can be formed by arranging an annular stopper structure in the installation area. The positioning groove 122 can position and limit the battery cell 200, thereby facilitating the assembly of the battery cell 200. Since the battery cell 200 in the embodiment is cylindrical, the positioning groove 122 is circular.

[0045] Furthermore, a pressure relief hole 121 penetrating the bottom bracket 120 is provided in each installation area. Specifically, the pressure relief hole 121 is located at the bottom of the positioning groove 122. The explosion-proof valve of each battery cell 200 installed in the installation area, that is, inserted into the positioning groove 122, faces the pressure relief hole 121. The pressure relief hole 121 is generally circular, and the opening range of the pressure relief hole 121 is usually larger than the size of the explosion-proof valve, so that the explosion-proof valve can be entirely within the range of the pressure relief hole 121. Therefore, when the battery cell 200 undergoes thermal runaway, the high-temperature substances generated inside it will first spray out from the explosion-proof valve and enter the buffer chamber 102 through the corresponding pressure relief hole 121.

[0046] In addition, an air intake assembly 140 communicating the exhaust passage 101 and the buffer chamber 102 is provided on the side of the frame 112 facing the accommodation chamber. Therefore, after the high-temperature substances sprayed out from the thermally runaway battery cell 200 diffuse in the buffer chamber 102, they can enter the exhaust passage 101 through the air intake assembly and are finally discharged by the exhaust assembly 130.

[0047] The air intake assembly 140 can be an air connector with two ends respectively extending to the exhaust passage 101 and the buffer chamber 102, or can be an air intake hole opened on the side of the frame 112 facing the accommodation chamber. Specifically, in this embodiment, the air intake assembly 140 is set as air intake holes distributed along the extension direction of the frame 112. The air intake holes can be long strip-shaped holes, and multiple air intake holes are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the frame 112; the air intake holes can also be annular and are consistent with the extension direction of the frame 112. The air intake holes are arranged facing the buffer chamber 102, and the high-temperature substances in the buffer chamber 102 can enter the exhaust passage 101 through the air intake holes, so the flow path is shorter and the flow resistance is smaller.

[0048] The high-temperature substances ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 200 first enter the buffer cavity 102 for diffusion and can be discharged outwards along the buffer cavity 102 and the exhaust passage 101. It can be seen that the exhaust path of the high-temperature substances is significantly extended, so it can play a buffering role, effectively avoiding a sharp rise in pressure inside the box body 110 and preventing the high-temperature substances from accumulating at the bottom of the battery cell 200. Moreover, the bottom bracket 120 can play a role in isolating the buffer cavity 102 from the battery cell 200. Therefore, the high-temperature substances ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 200 are not likely to spread to other battery cells 200, thereby significantly reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the entire battery pack 10.

[0049] Please refer to again Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 , in this embodiment, the battery assembly box 100 further includes a heat insulation baffle 150, and the heat insulation baffle 150 is disposed on the upper surface of the bottom bracket 120 and each pressure relief hole 121 is covered by the heat insulation baffle 150.

[0050] The heat insulation baffle 150 can be a whole large sheet structure and cover the upper surface of the bottom bracket 120. In addition, the heat insulation baffle 150 can also be a small sheet structure, and a plurality of them are provided corresponding to a plurality of pressure relief holes 121, and the plurality of heat insulation baffles 150 respectively cover the corresponding pressure relief holes 121. When the upper battery cell 200 undergoes thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure substances generated inside it will first break through the explosion-proof valve and directly break through the heat insulation baffle 150, thereby opening the pressure relief hole 121 to enable the high-temperature substances ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 200 to smoothly enter the buffer cavity 102.

[0051] The heat insulation baffle 150 has a certain strength and heat insulation performance, can isolate the high-temperature substances in the buffer cavity 102, but can be broken through by the high-temperature substances ejected by the explosion-proof valve. Optionally, the heat insulation baffle 150 is set as mica paper. Mica paper has better heat insulation performance and a certain strength. When some battery cells 200 undergo thermal runaway and eject high-temperature substances into the buffer cavity 102, the remaining unbroken heat insulation baffles 150 can isolate the high temperature and prevent the high-temperature substances in the buffer cavity 102 from flowing back, thereby avoiding affecting other battery cells 200 that have not undergone thermal runaway and further reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the entire battery pack 10.

[0052] In addition, in this embodiment, the battery assembly box 100 further includes a heat insulation and buffer layer 160, and the heat insulation and buffer layer 160 is covered on one side of the bottom plate 111 facing the bottom bracket 120.

[0053] The heat insulation and buffer layer 160 can play a role in heat insulation and buffering between the bottom plate 111 and the buffer cavity 102. Therefore, when the battery cell 200 undergoes thermal runaway and ejects high-temperature substances into the buffer cavity 102, the heat insulation and buffer layer 160 can reduce the risk of the bottom plate 111 being burned through, thereby improving the reliability of the battery assembly box 100 and enhancing the safety of the battery pack 10.

[0054] Specifically, the heat insulation and buffer layer 160 includes a support foam 161, a buffer foam 162, and a mica plate 163. The mica plate 163 is clamped between the support foam 161 and the buffer foam 162, which can play a better heat insulation role. The buffer foam 162 can be bonded to the bottom plate 111, and the support foam 161 faces the buffer cavity 102, which can protect the mica plate 163 while playing a buffering role.

[0055] Please refer to again Figure 3 , in this embodiment, a support structure 170 is provided between the bottom bracket 120 and the bottom plate 111 corresponding to each installation area. Both ends of the support structure 170 are respectively in contact with the lower surface of the bottom bracket 120 and the bottom plate 111.

[0056] Since the bottom bracket 120 is suspended below, after the battery cell 200 is installed in the installation area, the bottom bracket 120 may be bent. By providing a plurality of support structures 170 between the bottom bracket 120 and the bottom plate 111, it is possible to support the areas where a plurality of battery cells 200 are located respectively, thereby effectively avoiding deformation of the bottom bracket 120 and improving the overall stiffness of the battery pack 10.

[0057] Specifically, the support structure 170 can be in the shape of a rod, a plate, etc., and can be fixed between the bottom bracket 120 and the bottom plate 111 by welding, clamping, etc. Optionally, the support structure 170 is integrally formed with the bottom bracket 120.

[0058] Please refer to together Figure 8 and Figure 9 , in this embodiment, each support structure 170 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the corresponding pressure relief hole 121. An opening 171 is formed on the side surface of the support structure 170, and the openings 171 of each support structure 170 are staggered from the openings 171 of adjacent support structures 170.

[0059] Since the support structure 170 is arranged around the pressure relief hole 121, the support structure 170 can also block the high-temperature substances ejected through the pressure relief hole 121. After one of the battery cells 200 undergoes thermal runaway, the high-temperature substances ejected by it can only spray into the buffer cavity 102 from the opening 171 of the support structure 170 after passing through the pressure relief hole 121. It can be seen that with the help of the support structure 170, the high-temperature substances passing through the pressure relief hole 121 can be ejected into the buffer cavity 102 in a directional manner.

[0060] Moreover, since the openings 171 of the adjacent support structures 170 are staggered, when one of the battery cells 200 undergoes thermal runaway, the high-temperature substances ejected from the corresponding pressure relief holes 121 will be blocked by the support structures 170 at the adjacent pressure relief holes 121. As Figure 9 shown, the arrows indicate the ejection directions of the high-temperature substances passing through the pressure relief holes 121. Due to the blocking of the support structures 170, the high-temperature substances ejected from the pressure relief holes 121 in the middle will not directly spray towards the other six adjacent pressure relief holes 121.

[0061] In this way, it can be prevented that after the high-temperature substances ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 200 enter the buffer chamber 102, they flow back through other pressure relief holes 121, avoiding affecting the other battery cells 200 that have not undergone thermal runaway, thereby further reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the entire battery pack 10.

[0062] Specifically, in this embodiment, each support structure 170 includes at least two arc-shaped baffles 172 extending along the edge of the corresponding pressure relief hole 121. Both ends of each arc-shaped baffle 172 are respectively in contact with the lower surface of the bottom bracket 120 and the bottom plate 111. The multiple arc-shaped baffles 172 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pressure relief hole 121, and openings 171 are formed between two adjacent arc-shaped baffles 172. The pressure relief holes 121 are generally circular holes, and the arc-shaped baffles 172 match the shape of the edge of the pressure relief hole 121, having a better blocking effect on high-temperature substances. Moreover, the arc-shaped baffles 172 have a better supporting effect and are not easily toppled.

[0063] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an outwardly protruding support plate 173 is provided on the outer side of each arc-shaped baffle 172. Both ends of the support plate 173 are respectively in contact with the lower surface and the bottom plate 111. The support plate 173 can strengthen the arc-shaped baffle 172, thereby increasing the stability of the support structure 170.

[0064] For the support structures 170 provided at different pressure relief holes 121, their specific forms can be the same or different. For example, in this embodiment, the support structure 170 is divided into a first support structure 170a and a second support structure 170b. The first support structure 170a includes two arc-shaped baffles 172 and forms two openings 171, and the second support structure 170b includes four arc-shaped baffles 172 and forms four openings 171.

[0065] The first support structure 170a is provided at some of the pressure relief holes 121, while the second support structure 170b is provided at the other part of the pressure relief holes 121. The positions where the first support structure 170a and the second support structure 170b are provided with the openings 171 are different, so as to facilitate the effective staggering of the openings 171 of the adjacent support structures 170.

[0066] Specifically, multiple installation areas and the corresponding multiple pressure relief holes 121 are arranged in multiple rows, so the multiple support structures 170 are also arranged in multiple rows. Among them, the multiple support structures 170 in the same row are alternately set as the first support structure 170a and the second support structure 170b. In this way, it can ensure that the openings 171 of adjacent support structures 170 are effectively staggered.

[0067] More specifically, in this embodiment, the central angle of the opening 171 is set between 30 degrees and 90 degrees. The above central angle refers to the angle between the connecting lines of the centers of the two edges of the opening 171 and the center of the pressure relief hole 121, that is Figure 9 the included angles α and β shown in. It is known through experiments that when the central angle of the opening 171 is set between 30 degrees and 90 degrees, the thermal influence of the high-temperature substances ejected by any one of the battery cells 200 during thermal runaway on the adjacent battery cells 200 is relatively small.

[0068] In the above battery assembly box 100 and the battery pack 10, when some of the battery cells 200 undergo thermal runaway, the high-temperature substances generated inside first eject from the explosion-proof valve and enter the buffer chamber 102 through the pressure relief holes 121. After the high-temperature substances diffuse in the buffer chamber 102, they enter the exhaust passage 101 through the intake assembly and are finally discharged by the exhaust assembly 130. The high-temperature substances ejected by the thermally runaway battery cells 200 can be discharged outward along the buffer chamber 102 and the exhaust passage 101, and its exhaust path is significantly extended. Moreover, the buffer chamber 102 can buffer the high-temperature gas, so it can effectively prevent the pressure inside the box body 110 from rising steeply and prevent the high-temperature substances from accumulating at the bottom of the battery cells 200. In addition, the bottom bracket 120 can play a role in isolating the buffer chamber 102 from the battery cells 200. Therefore, the high-temperature substances ejected by the thermally runaway battery cells 200 are not likely to spread to other battery cells 200, thereby significantly reducing the overall thermal runaway risk of the battery pack 10.

[0069] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combinations of these technical features do not conflict, they should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0070] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery assembly box, characterized in that: include: A box body, comprising a bottom plate and a frame, wherein the bottom plate and the frame are arranged to form a receiving cavity, an exhaust passage is formed inside the frame, and an exhaust assembly connected to the exhaust passage is arranged on a side of the frame facing away from the receiving cavity; and A bottom bracket is installed in the accommodating cavity, and a plurality of installation areas for installing battery cells are formed on the upper surface of the bottom bracket facing away from the bottom plate, each of the installation areas is provided with a pressure relief hole penetrating the bottom bracket, and the bottom bracket is spaced apart from the bottom plate on the lower surface facing the bottom plate, and a buffer cavity is formed between the lower surface and the bottom plate, and an air intake component connecting the exhaust channel and the buffer cavity is provided on the side of the frame facing the accommodating cavity.

2. The battery assembly box according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the installation areas is formed with a positioning groove, and the battery monomer installed in the installation area is inserted into the positioning groove, and the pressure relief hole is located at the bottom of the positioning groove.

3. The battery assembly box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting structure is provided between the bottom bracket and the bottom plate corresponding to each of the installation areas, and two ends of the supporting structure are respectively in contact with the lower surface and the bottom plate.

4. The battery assembly box according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the support structures is arranged along the circumference of the corresponding pressure relief hole, and an opening is formed on the side of the support structure, and the opening of each support structure is staggered with the opening of the adjacent support structure.

5. The battery assembly box according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the supporting structures includes at least two arc-shaped baffles extending along the edges of the corresponding pressure relief holes, and both ends of each of the arc-shaped baffles are respectively abutted against the lower surface and the bottom plate. A plurality of the arc-shaped baffles are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pressure relief holes, and the opening is formed between two adjacent arc-shaped baffles.

6. The battery assembly box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support structure is divided into a first support structure and a second support structure. The first support structure includes two arc-shaped baffles and is formed with two openings. The second support structure includes four arc-shaped baffles and is formed with four openings.

7. The battery assembly box according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat insulation baffle, which is arranged on the upper surface and each of the pressure relief holes is covered by the heat insulation baffle.

8. The battery assembly box according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat-insulating buffer layer, which is covered on a side of the bottom plate facing the bottom bracket.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of battery cells and a battery assembly box as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the plurality of battery cells are respectively installed in the plurality of installation areas, and the explosion-proof valve of each of the battery cells faces the pressure relief hole.

10. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the battery pack as claimed in claim 9 above.

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