Railway vehicle shaft end grounding device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a railway vehicle shaft end grounding device, which comprises a shell, a carbon brush assembly, an elastic piece and a brush holder are arranged in the shell, the carbon brush assembly comprises a carbon brush and a brush braid, a brush groove, a first mounting platform and a second mounting platform are integrally constructed on the brush holder, the carbon brush and the elastic piece are arranged in the brush groove, and the brush braid is arranged in the brush groove. The first installation platform is provided with a first installation hole used for being fixedly connected with a shell, the second installation platform is provided with a second installation hole used for being fixedly connected with a terminal of a brush braid, and the second installation platform is sunken in the direction away from the brush braid in the axial direction relative to the first installation platform. According to the utility model, the friction between the brush braid and the shell can be effectively avoided, the safety is improved, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of rail vehicle grounding devices, and in particular relates to a rail vehicle shaft end grounding device. Background Art

[0002] Rail vehicles such as subways, EMUs, and high-speed trains are all electric locomotives. The working current of electric locomotives, engine units, and travel mechanisms comes from overhead cables, or the third rail is used to power the load. The current passes through the axles and wheels to the track, and then from the track to the ground, thus forming a current loop. The current is conducted from the stationary parts of the vehicle to the rotating axles and wheels through the grounding device, thereby providing effective grounding protection. Whether the grounding device can work normally and reliably is crucial to the operational safety of rail vehicles.

[0003] The grounding device is a low-resistance jumper device used to conduct the current from the stationary vehicle parts to the rotating vehicle parts, and is responsible for establishing a safe electrical connection with a certain circuit under any operating condition of the vehicle. The main functions of the grounding device include conducting working current, conducting signal current, vehicle grounding and / or protective grounding, etc.

[0004] The grounding device currently installed on rail vehicles is mainly composed of an end cover, a housing, a carbon brush holder, a friction ring, a cable, a carbon brush, a constant force spring, etc. The constant force spring and the carbon brush are installed on the carbon brush holder. The constant force spring inserted into the carbon brush holder presses the carbon brush onto the friction ring, and the friction ring is pressed onto the axle end to realize the function of grounding return.

[0005] In the current rail vehicle grounding device, the carbon brush braid is not fixed, or the fixed position is unreasonable, which causes the carbon brush braid to be damaged by friction with the shell due to excessive vibration of the grounding device during the operation of the vehicle. This not only increases the cost of disassembly and maintenance, but also affects the safety of the grounding device. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a rail vehicle axle end grounding device which can effectively avoid friction damage between the brush braid and the shell, improve safety, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0008] A rail vehicle shaft end grounding device comprises a shell, in which a carbon brush assembly, an elastic member and a brush holder are installed, the carbon brush assembly comprises a carbon brush and a brush braid, a brush groove, a first mounting platform and a second mounting platform are integrally constructed on the brush holder, the carbon brush and the elastic member are installed in the brush groove, the first mounting platform is used for fixed connection with the shell, the second mounting platform is used for fixed connection with a terminal of the brush braid, and the second mounting platform is recessed in the axial direction away from the brush braid relative to the first mounting platform.

[0009] Further, the brush groove is arranged in the central area of ​​the brush frame, and the first mounting platform and the second mounting platform are arranged around the brush groove in a circumferential direction at intervals.

[0010] Furthermore, the housing is an integrally cast structure made of aluminum material, the housing is connected to the friction disc and the shaft end adapter in sequence, and is fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover via fasteners.

[0011] Furthermore, an outer mounting seat extending outward is integrally constructed on the outer surface of the shell, a mounting hole is opened on the outer mounting seat, and the outer mounting seat is fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover through a fastener.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealant is coated on the mounting surface where the housing contacts the shaft end front cover, and a sealed connection between the grounding device and the shaft end front cover is achieved through the sealant.

[0013] Furthermore, the end of the housing connected to the friction disk extends outward from the outer mounting seat, and after being fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover, the connection between the housing and the friction disk is located within the range surrounded by the shaft end front cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the shell and the friction disk are movably connected via a labyrinth structure, and the labyrinth structure includes a first annular slot arranged at the end of the shell and a second annular slot arranged on the friction disk, the first slot and the second slot are nested with each other, and the inner wall of the shell forming the first slot has a plurality of grooves arranged in parallel along the axial direction, and the carbon powder formed by the carbon brush during the friction process is collected in the grooves.

[0015] Furthermore, an integral inner mounting seat is constructed in the inner cavity of the shell, the inner mounting seat is fixedly connected to the brush holder through an insulating sleeve assembly, and bolts pass through the insulating sleeve assembly from the bottom of the brush holder to be fixedly connected to the inner mounting seat.

[0016] Furthermore, the insulating sleeve assembly includes an insulating sleeve and an insulating ring, which are respectively arranged below and above the first mounting platform. The bolt passes through the insulating sleeve, the first mounting platform and the insulating ring in sequence from the bottom of the brush holder to the top and is fixedly connected to the inner mounting seat.

[0017] Furthermore, the shaft end adapter includes a cylindrical adapter body, and a plurality of mounting seats are constructed on the inner wall of the adapter body to protrude toward the center. The plurality of mounting seats are fixedly connected to the friction plate by fasteners, and each mounting seat is constructed with an outwardly protruding limit seat at the end of the adapter body connected to the axle, and the shape of the limit seat is adapted to the end of the axle.

[0018] In summary, the rail vehicle shaft end grounding device provided by the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] (1) In the utility model, since the second mounting platform is recessed in the direction away from the brush braid, the brush braid is effectively fixed and at the same time is pulled a certain axial distance away from the top of the inner cavity of the shell, thereby maintaining a certain distance between the brush braid and the inner wall of the shell. Even during the operation of the vehicle, the brush braid will not contact the inner wall of the shell to generate friction, and the brush braid will not be damaged, thereby improving the safety of the grounding device and reducing maintenance costs.

[0020] (2) The utility model adopts an integrated structure for the shell, which is fixedly connected to the front cover of the shaft end by bolts and sealed with sealant. This solves the problem in the current rail vehicle grounding device that there is a risk of bolts falling off and a risk of poor sealing due to aging of the sealing ring because the end cover and the shell adopt a split structure and are sealed with bolts by sealing rings. The safety of the grounding device can be ensured.

[0021] (3) The housing of the utility model is formed by integral casting of aluminum material, which can not only ensure the structural strength of the housing and protect other internal components, but also help to reduce the weight of the grounding device.

[0022] The specific implementation modes of the present utility model are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are part of the present invention and are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0024] In the attached picture:

[0025] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the structure of the shaft end grounding device of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the shaft end grounding device of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA section view;

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB cross-sectional view;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the brush holder structure of the utility model.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] Shell 1, outer mounting seat 11, outer mounting hole 12, first slot 13, groove 14, carbon brush assembly 2, carbon brush 21, brush braid 22, elastic member 3, constant force spring 31, brush holder 4, brush slot 41, guide slot 411, card slot 412, first mounting platform 42, first mounting hole 421, second mounting platform 43, second mounting hole 431, third mounting hole 44, cable 5, cable connector 51, cable terminal 52, friction disk 6, second slot 61, shaft end adapter 7, adapter body 71, mounting seat 72, limit seat 73, shaft end front cover 8, ring wall 81, insulating sleeve assembly 9, insulating sleeve 91, insulating ring 92, bolt 10.

[0032] It should be noted that the drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the utility model but are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the utility model provides a rail vehicle shaft end grounding device, including a housing 1, a carbon brush assembly 2, an elastic member 3, a brush holder 4, a cable 5, a friction disc 6 and a shaft end adapter 7.

[0037] The housing 1 is fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover 8 through fasteners, the carbon brush assembly 2, the elastic member 3 and the brush holder 4 are installed in the housing 1, the housing 1 is connected to the friction disc 6 and the shaft end adapter 7 in sequence, the friction disc 6 is placed between the brush holder 4 and the shaft end adapter 7, and the shaft end adapter 7 is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the axle. The cable 5 extends from one side of the housing 1, and the current is connected to the grounding device through the cable 5, and is transmitted to the axle, wheel and rail through the carbon brush assembly 2 and the friction disc 6 to form a current loop.

[0038] In this embodiment, a brush groove 41, a first mounting platform 42 and a second mounting platform 43 are integrally constructed on the brush holder 4, the carbon brush assembly 2 and the elastic member 3 are installed in the brush groove 41, the main body of the brush holder 4 is disc-shaped, the brush holder 4 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the brush groove 41 is protruded downward from the lower surface of the brush holder 4. The brush holder 4 preferably adopts an integral structure made of copper material with good electrical conductivity.

[0039] Specifically, the carbon brush assembly 2 includes a carbon brush 21 and a brush braid 22, the elastic member 3 preferably uses a constant force spring 31, and the brush groove 41 includes a guide groove 411 and a clamping groove 412 that are arranged one by one and penetrate the guide groove 411. The clamping groove 412 is arranged on one side of the guide groove 411 and communicates with the guide groove 411. Among them, the carbon brush 21 is installed in the guide groove 411, and the constant force spring 31 is correspondingly installed in the clamping groove 412. The constant force spring 31 is pressed on the upper end surface of the carbon brush 21. The constant force spring 31 is used to provide a constant pressure to the carbon brush 21 to ensure that the carbon brush 21 is stably fixed in the brush holder 4, and at the same time, the friction surface at the bottom of the carbon brush 21 is continuously in contact with the friction disk 6 to ensure that the current passes reliably. One end of the brush braid 22 is connected to the carbon brush 21, and the terminal 23 at the other end of the brush braid 22 is fixed to the brush holder 4 by a bolt (not shown in the figure).

[0040] Furthermore, the carbon brush 21 can be slidably installed in the guide groove 411. Through a reasonable matching gap, the carbon brush 21 can move freely up and down in the guide groove 411. The guide groove 411 protects and guides the carbon brush 21. Under the guidance of the guide groove 411, the carbon brush 21 is pressed onto the friction plate 6 through the correspondingly installed constant force spring 31.

[0041] The number of carbon brush assemblies 2 can be set according to the needs of rail vehicle grounding, such as only one group of carbon brush assemblies 2 can be installed, or two, three, four or even more groups of carbon brush assemblies 2 can be installed. In this embodiment, preferably, three groups of carbon brush assemblies 2 are installed on the grounding device, and three brush grooves 41 are correspondingly constructed on the brush holder 4, and the three carbon brushes 21 pass through the three guide grooves 411 on the brush holder 4, and the three constant force springs 31 are correspondingly installed in the three card grooves 412.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, a first mounting hole 421 is provided on the first mounting platform 42 for fixedly connecting the brush holder 4 to the housing 1, and a second mounting hole 431 is provided on the second mounting platform 43 for fixedly connecting the terminal 23 of the brush braid 22 to the brush holder 4. The second mounting platform 43 is recessed in the axial direction away from the brush braid 22 relative to the first mounting platform 42.

[0043] In this way, after the carbon brush assembly 2 is installed, since the second mounting platform 43 is recessed in the direction away from the brush braid 22, the brush braid 22 will be pulled a certain axial distance away from the top of the inner cavity of the shell 1 and can be effectively fixed, thereby maintaining a certain distance between the top of the brush braid 22 and the inner wall of the shell 1. Even during the operation of the vehicle, the brush braid 22 will not contact the inner wall of the shell 1 to generate friction, and the brush braid 22 will not be damaged, thereby improving the safety of the grounding device and reducing maintenance costs.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, it is further preferred that the brush grooves 41 are centrally arranged in the central area of ​​the brush holder 4. For a grounding device with three groups of carbon brush assemblies 2, the three brush grooves 41 are arranged at intervals of 120° along the circumferential direction. The first mounting platform 42 and the second mounting platform 43 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction around the brush grooves 41 in the central area.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, in the present embodiment, it is further preferred that, corresponding to the three groups of carbon brush assemblies 2, three first mounting platforms 42 and three second mounting platforms 43 are arranged along the circumference of the brush holder 4, the areas of the first mounting platform 42 and the second mounting platform 43 may be the same or different, and the second mounting platform 43 is arranged opposite to the position of the brush groove 41, so as to facilitate fixed connection with the terminal 23 of the brush braid 22.

[0046] Of course, the multiple brush grooves 41 may not be installed in the central area of ​​the brush holder 4, and the first mounting platform 42 and the second mounting platform 43 may not be arranged continuously but intermittently, as long as the second mounting platform 43 is arranged corresponding to the carbon brush assembly 2 and ensures that the second mounting platform 43 is recessed in the axial direction away from the brush braid 22 relative to the first mounting platform 42.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the housing 1 is made of an integrally cast aluminum material and is directly fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover 8 by bolts (not shown in the figure). This can ensure the structural strength of the housing 1 and ensure that it protects other internal components, and is also conducive to reducing the weight of the grounding device.

[0048] In this embodiment, the outer shape of the housing 1 is roughly hemispherical at least in the upper half, which can reduce the occupied space and avoid other components adjacent to the grounding device while ensuring that there is enough space inside to install other components. An outer mounting seat 11 protruding outward is integrally constructed on the outer surface of the housing 1, and a plurality of outer mounting holes 12 are opened on the outer mounting seat 11. The shape of the outer mounting seat 11 is adapted to the shape of the shaft end front cover 8. In this embodiment, preferably, four mounting holes 12 are set on the outer mounting hole 12 corresponding to the four mounting holes (not shown in the figure) set on the shaft end front cover 8, and the housing 1 is fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover 8 by four bolts (not shown in the figure).

[0049] Furthermore, sealant is coated on the mounting surface where the housing 1 contacts the shaft end front cover 8, and the sealant is used to achieve a sealed connection between the grounding device and the shaft end front cover 8, thereby ensuring that the carbon brush assembly 2 works in an ideal closed space, effectively preventing the leakage of carbon powder worn off the carbon brush assembly 2, and also ensuring the sealing and waterproof performance.

[0050] Since the shell 1 adopts an integrated structure and is fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover 8 by bolts and sealed with sealant, the problem of the risk of bolts falling off and the risk of poor sealing due to aging of the sealing ring in the current rail vehicle grounding device is solved, because the end cover and the shell adopt a split structure and the bolts are fastened with a sealing ring, thereby ensuring the safety of the grounding device.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of integral inner mounting seats (not shown in the figure) are constructed in the inner cavity of the shell 1. Relative to the structure in which three first mounting platforms 42 are provided on the brush holder 4, three inner mounting seats are constructed in the inner cavity of the shell 1. It can be understood that the inner mounting seats adopt a structure that protrudes downward from the inner wall of the shell 1 as a whole, and the inner mounting seats have internal threaded holes. The inner mounting seats are fixedly connected to the corresponding first mounting holes 421 on the brush holder 4 through the insulating sleeve assembly 9 and the bolts 10. The bolts 10 for connection pass through the insulating sleeve assembly 9 from the bottom of the brush holder 4 to be fixedly connected to the inner mounting seats.

[0052] Specifically, the insulating sleeve assembly 9 includes an insulating sleeve 91 and an insulating ring 92, which are respectively arranged below and above the first mounting hole 421. The bolt 10 passes through the insulating sleeve 91, the first mounting hole 421 and the insulating ring 92 from the bottom to the top of the brush holder 4 and is fixedly connected to the inner mounting seat, and is insulated from the shell 1 by the insulating sleeve 91 and the insulating ring 92.

[0053] In this embodiment, the entire set of brush holders 4 is fixed to the housing 1 in an inverted manner, so that it is convenient to install the brush holder 4 with the carbon brush assembly 2 and the elastic member 3 installed in the integrated housing 1, thereby improving assembly efficiency.

[0054] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the housing 1 and the friction disc 6 are movably connected through a labyrinth structure, and the labyrinth structure specifically includes a first slot 13 in an annular shape arranged at the end of the housing 1 and a second slot 61 in an annular shape arranged on the upper surface of the friction disc 6, and the first slot 13 and the second slot 61 are respectively surrounded by two annular sides. The first slot 13 and the second slot 61 are nested and installed with each other, and the housing 1 is placed on the outside of the friction disc 6. The use of the labyrinth structure can help prevent the carbon powder formed by the carbon brush 21 during the friction process from entering the inside of the axle box, and while ensuring the relative rotation of the housing 1 and the friction disc 6, it plays a better role in sealing and isolation.

[0055] In this embodiment, it is further preferred that the inner wall of the shell 1 forming the first slot 13 is provided with a plurality of grooves 14 arranged in parallel along the axial direction. Specifically, it is preferred to set three parallel grooves 14 on the side wall of the first slot 13 on the outer side. Each groove 14 is annular in structure as a whole. Carbon powder formed by the carbon brush 21 during the friction process can be collected in the groove 14, further improving the sealing and isolation performance between the shell 1 and the friction disk 6, preventing the carbon powder formed by the carbon brush 21 during the friction process from entering the inside of the axle box bearing, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the vehicle.

[0056] In this embodiment, it is further preferred that the end of the housing 1 connected to the friction disc 6 extends outward from the outer mounting seat 11, so that after being fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover 8, the end of the housing 1 connected to the friction disc 6 is placed within the range surrounded by the shaft end front cover 8, further playing a role in sealing and isolating the internal carbon brush assembly 2. Specifically, the shaft end front cover 8 is a hollow annular structure as a whole, and a mounting hole is opened on the annular wall 81 of the shaft end front cover 8 and fixedly connected to the outer mounting hole 12 of the housing 1 by bolts. After installation, the friction disc 6 and the shaft end adapter 7 are surrounded therein.

[0057] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the shaft end adapter 7 includes a cylindrical adapter body 71, and a plurality of mounting seats 72 are protruding toward the center on the inner wall of the adapter body 71, and the plurality of mounting seats 72 are intermittently arranged. It is further preferred to set four mounting seats 72, and each mounting seat 72 has a mounting hole (not shown in the figure), and the plurality of mounting seats 72 are fixedly connected to the friction plate 6 by bolts (not shown in the figure). Corresponding to each mounting seat 72, a stopper seat 73 protruding outward is configured at the end of the adapter body 71 connected to the axle, and four stopper seats 73 are intermittently arranged along the circumference, and the longitudinal section of the stopper seat 73 is L-shaped that expands outward, and its shape is adapted to the end of the axle, and is fixedly connected to the end of the axle.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the cable terminal 52 at one end of the cable 5 is fixed to the brush holder 4 by bolts. Specifically, a third mounting hole 44 is provided on the brush holder 4, and the third mounting hole 44 is provided on the first mounting platform 42. The cable terminal is fixedly connected to the third mounting hole 44 by bolts. A through hole is provided on the housing 1, and the other end of the cable 5 passes through the through hole. The cable 5 is fixed to the housing 1 through a cable connector 51, and the other end is connected to the vehicle to ensure current conduction.

[0059] The rail vehicle grounding device provided by the utility model has the following advantages:

[0060] 1. Since the second mounting platform of the device is recessed in the direction away from the brush braid, the brush braid is effectively fixed and at the same time is pulled a certain axial distance away from the top of the inner cavity of the shell, thereby maintaining a certain distance between the brush braid and the inner wall of the shell. Even during the operation of the vehicle, the brush braid will not contact the inner wall of the shell to generate friction, and the brush braid will not be damaged, thereby improving the safety of the grounding device and reducing maintenance costs.

[0061] 2. In this device, the shell adopts an integrated structure and is fixedly connected to the front cover of the shaft end by bolts and sealed with sealant. This solves the problem of the risk of bolts falling off and the risk of poor sealing due to aging of the sealing ring in the current rail vehicle grounding device, which is caused by the split structure between the end cover and the shell and the sealing bolts are fastened with a sealing ring. This ensures the safety of the grounding device.

[0062] 3. The housing of the device is made of an integrally cast aluminum material and is directly fixed to the front cover of the shaft end by bolts, which can not only ensure the structural strength of the housing and protect other internal components, but also help to reduce the weight of the grounding device.

[0063] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this patent can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents suggested above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. The implementation schemes in the above embodiments can be further combined or replaced. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail vehicle shaft end grounding device, characterized in that: It includes a shell, in which a carbon brush assembly, an elastic member and a brush holder are installed. The carbon brush assembly includes a carbon brush and a brush braid. A brush groove, a first mounting platform and a second mounting platform are integrally constructed on the brush holder. The carbon brush and the elastic member are installed in the brush groove. The first mounting platform is used for fixed connection with the shell, and the second mounting platform is used for fixed connection with the terminal of the brush braid. The second mounting platform is recessed in the axial direction away from the brush braid relative to the first mounting platform.

2. The rail vehicle shaft end grounding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brush groove is arranged in the central area of ​​the brush frame, and the first mounting platform and the second mounting platform are arranged around the brush groove in a circumferential direction at intervals.

3. The rail vehicle shaft end grounding device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The housing is an integrally cast structure made of aluminum material. The housing is connected to the friction disc and the shaft end adapter in sequence, and is fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover through fasteners.

4. The rail vehicle shaft end grounding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An outer mounting seat extending outward is integrally constructed on the outer surface of the shell, a mounting hole is opened on the outer mounting seat, and the outer mounting seat is fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover through a fastener.

5. The rail vehicle shaft end grounding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Sealant is applied on the mounting surface where the housing contacts the shaft end front cover, and the sealing connection between the grounding device and the shaft end front cover is achieved through the sealant.

6. The rail vehicle shaft end grounding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the housing connected to the friction disk extends outward from the outer mounting seat, and after being fixedly connected to the shaft end front cover, the connection between the housing and the friction disk is located within the range surrounded by the shaft end front cover.

7. The rail vehicle shaft end grounding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shell and the friction disk are movably connected via a labyrinth structure, the labyrinth structure comprising a first annular slot arranged at the end of the shell and a second annular slot arranged on the friction disk, the first slot and the second slot are nested with each other, and a plurality of grooves arranged in parallel along the axial direction are provided on the inner wall of the shell forming the first slot, and the carbon powder formed by the carbon brush during the friction process is collected in the grooves.

8. The rail vehicle shaft end grounding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An integral inner mounting seat is constructed in the inner cavity of the shell, and the inner mounting seat is fixedly connected to the brush holder through an insulating sleeve assembly. Bolts pass through the insulating sleeve assembly from the bottom of the brush holder and are fixedly connected to the inner mounting seat.

9. The rail vehicle shaft end grounding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve assembly includes an insulating sleeve and an insulating ring, which are respectively arranged below and above the first mounting platform. The bolt passes through the insulating sleeve, the first mounting platform and the insulating ring in sequence from the bottom of the brush holder to the top and is fixedly connected to the inner mounting seat.

10. The rail vehicle shaft end grounding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shaft end adapter includes a cylindrical adapter body, and a plurality of mounting seats are constructed on the inner wall of the adapter body to protrude toward the center. The plurality of mounting seats are fixedly connected to the friction disk by fasteners, and a corresponding limit seat protruding outward is constructed at the end of the adapter body connected to the axle, and the shape of the limit seat is adapted to the end of the axle.

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