Battery management system capable of remotely monitoring running state of battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery management systems, and discloses a battery management system capable of remotely monitoring the running state of a battery, which comprises a battery monitoring circuit, a control circuit, a protection circuit, a communication circuit and a battery equalization circuit, and is characterized in that the battery monitoring circuit, the protection circuit, the communication circuit and the battery equalization circuit are electrically connected with the control circuit; through the design of the battery monitoring circuit, the monitoring of the voltage of a single battery or a battery pack, the measurement of the charging and discharging current of the battery and the monitoring of the temperature change of the battery are realized, the state of the battery is evaluated in real time, the service life of the battery is predicted, and the safe, efficient and long-life operation of the battery is ensured; the battery with excessive charges and the battery with insufficient charges in the battery pack are subjected to charge transfer, so that the purpose of battery charge equalization is achieved, the performance of the battery pack is improved, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and safe operation of the battery pack is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery management systems, and particularly relates to a battery management system with remote monitoring of battery operation status. Background Technique

[0002] A battery management system (hereinafter referred to as BMS) is a complex system used to monitor and manage the status of a battery pack, which can ensure that the battery operates in a safe and efficient state. The battery management system is a link between the battery and the user, and the main object is secondary batteries, such as lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, etc. It monitors, manages, and controls each single battery in the battery pack, improves the utilization rate of the battery, prevents the battery from overcharging and over-discharging, extends the service life of the battery, and monitors the status of the battery.

[0003] After retrieval, the patent with the application number CN201420016183.1 discloses a remote monitoring system for a battery management system, which includes a battery management system, a CAN module, a controller, a DTU module, a mobile terminal, and a remote terminal connected to the battery pack. The battery management system is also connected to the acquisition end of the CAN module; the output end of the CAN module is connected to the input end of the controller; the controller is connected to the mobile terminal and the remote terminal through the DTU module respectively. This utility model can effectively save the inspection time of the staff, and all abnormalities can be grasped in real time through threshold judgment.

[0004] The current battery management system is not convenient for monitoring parameters such as the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery, and it cannot timely grasp the operation status of the battery. If the battery has overcurrent, overcharge, over-discharge, and short-circuit conditions, there are potential safety hazards; moreover, the balancing effect between battery monomers is not good, which reduces the performance of the battery pack. Therefore, we need to propose a battery management system with remote monitoring of battery operation status. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a battery management system with remote monitoring of battery operation status. Through the design of the battery monitoring circuit, the monitoring of the voltage of single batteries or battery packs, the measurement of the charging and discharging current of the battery, and the monitoring of the temperature change of the battery are realized, the battery status is evaluated in real time, the battery life is predicted, and the safe, efficient, and long-life operation of the battery is ensured. Through the design of the battery balancing circuit, the battery with too much charge in the battery pack is transferred with the battery with insufficient charge to achieve the purpose of battery charge balance, improve the performance of the battery pack, extend the battery life, and ensure the safe operation of the battery pack, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: A battery management system with remote monitoring of battery operation status, including:

[0007] A battery monitoring circuit for real-time monitoring of the voltage, current, and temperature of a battery pack;

[0008] A control circuit for controlling battery charging and discharging;

[0009] A protection circuit for preventing overcharging, over-discharging, over-current, and short-circuit conditions of the battery;

[0010] A communication circuit for realizing data transmission and communication between the BMS and external devices;

[0011] A battery equalization circuit for adjusting the state of each battery cell in the battery pack to be balanced;

[0012] The battery monitoring circuit, protection circuit, communication circuit, and battery equalization circuit are all electrically connected to the control circuit;

[0013] The battery monitoring circuit includes a voltage detection circuit for monitoring the voltage of a battery cell or battery pack, a current detection circuit for measuring the charging and discharging current of the battery, and a temperature detection circuit for monitoring the temperature change of the battery.

[0014] Preferably, the control circuit includes a microcontroller MCU and a charge and discharge control circuit. The charge and discharge control circuit includes a chip U1, a connector USB1, a push-button switch K1, and a communication interface RS485. The 1st pin of the chip U1 is connected to the 1st pin of the connector USB1. The 2nd pin of the chip U1 is connected to a parallel set of light-emitting diodes DS1 and DS3. The 3rd pin of the chip U1 is connected to a parallel set of light-emitting diodes DS2 and DS4;

[0015] A parallel set of capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4 is connected between the 8th pin of the chip U1 and the 3rd pin of the push-button switch K1. An inductor L1 is connected between the 7th pin of the chip U1 and the 1st pin of the communication interface RS485.

[0016] Preferably, the voltage detection circuit includes an amplifier U9A connected to the battery pack. A diode D13, a diode D14, a diode D16, and a diode D18 are connected between the 2nd pin and the 3rd pin of the amplifier U9A. The connection terminals of the diodes D13 and D14 are in series with resistors R58 and R57 connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack. The connection terminals of the diodes D16 and D18 are in series with resistors R64 and R65 connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack;

[0017] A resistor R60 and a capacitor C27 are connected in parallel to the 3rd pin of the amplifier U9A. A resistor R51 and a capacitor C24 are connected in parallel between the 1st and 2nd pins of the amplifier U9A. A resistor R67 is connected to the 1st pin of the amplifier U9A. One end of the resistor R67 is respectively connected to a diode D15 and a capacitor C31.

[0018] Preferably, the current detection circuit includes a current transformer TA1 and an amplifier U8A. A diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D8, and a diode D9 forming a closed loop are connected between the 1st and 2nd pins of the current transformer TA1. A resistor R29 is connected to the 2nd pin of the amplifier U8A. A resistor R32 is connected to the 3rd pin of the amplifier U8A. A resistor R37 and a capacitor C57 are connected in parallel between the resistor R29 and the resistor R32. One connection terminal of the resistor R37 is connected to the 2nd pin of the diode D7, and the other connection terminal of the resistor R37 is connected to the 1st pin of the diode D9.

[0019] A resistor R28 and a capacitor C13 are connected in parallel between the 1st and 2nd pins of the amplifier U8A. A resistor R42 is connected to the 1st pin of the amplifier U8A. One end of the resistor R42 is respectively connected to a capacitor C23 and a diode D10.

[0020] Preferably, the temperature detection circuit includes a chip IC1, a chip IC2, and a temperature sensor RT1. A resistor R20, a resistor R30, and a resistor R40 are connected between the 2nd and 3rd pins of the temperature sensor RT1. The connection terminals of the resistor R20 and the resistor R30 are connected to the 2nd pin of the chip IC1. The 3rd pin of the chip IC2 is connected to the 1st pin of the temperature sensor RT1. A resistor R10 is connected between the 1st and 8th pins of the chip IC2. The 2nd pin of the chip IC2 is connected between the resistor R30 and the resistor R40. The 7th pin of the chip IC2 is connected to a 3.3V voltage and is connected to a grounded capacitor C20.

[0021] Preferably, the protection circuit includes a control chip N1, a MOS transistor V1, and a MOS transistor V2. The D pole of the MOS transistor V1 is connected to the S pole of the MOS transistor V2. A resistor R100 and a capacitor C100 connected across the battery pack are respectively connected to the 5th pin of the control chip N1. The G pole of the MOS transistor V1 is connected to the 1st pin of the control chip N1. The G pole of the MOS transistor V2 is connected to the 3rd pin of the control chip N1. A capacitor C200 is connected between the 2nd pin of the control chip N1 and the S pole of the MOS transistor V1. A resistor R200 is connected between the 2nd pin of the control chip N1 and the D pole of the MOS transistor V2.

[0022] Preferably, the communication circuit includes chip U22 and battery socket CZ1. Pin 10 of chip U22 and pin 1 of battery socket CZ1 are both connected to the battery pack. A resistor R611 is connected between pin 2 and pin 9 of chip U22, and a variable resistor R711 is connected to pin 2 of chip U22. A resistor R511 is connected between pin 5 and pin 6 of chip U22, and pin 2 of battery socket CZ1 is connected to pin 6 of chip U22.

[0023] Preferably, the battery equalization circuit includes chips U10, U30, U40, MOS transistors Q2, Q3, Q4. Pin 6 of chip U10 is connected to the G pole of MOS transistor Q2. Pin 6 of chip U30 is connected to the G pole of MOS transistor Q3. Pin 6 of chip U40 is connected to the G pole of MOS transistor Q4.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0025] 1. Through the design of the battery monitoring circuit of the present utility model, the monitoring of the voltage of battery cells or battery packs, the measurement of battery charging and discharging currents, and the monitoring of battery temperature changes are realized, the battery state is evaluated in real time, the battery life is predicted, and the safe, efficient and long-life operation of the battery is ensured;

[0026] 2. Through the design of the battery equalization circuit of the present utility model, the charge transfer is carried out between the batteries with excessive charge and the batteries with insufficient charge in the battery pack, so as to achieve the purpose of battery charge balance, improve the performance of the battery pack, extend the battery life and ensure the safe operation of the battery pack. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is the circuit diagram of the charge and discharge control circuit of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 is the circuit diagram of the voltage detection circuit of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 is the circuit diagram of the current detection circuit of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 is the circuit diagram of the temperature detection circuit of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 is the circuit diagram of the protection circuit of the present utility model.

[0032] Figure 6 is the circuit diagram of the communication circuit of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 is the circuit diagram of the battery equalization circuit of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 8 This is the system block diagram of the present utility model. Specific embodiments

[0035] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1-8 , the present utility model provides a technical solution: a battery management system with remote monitoring of battery operating status, including:

[0037] A battery monitoring circuit for real-time monitoring of battery pack voltage, current, and temperature; it can evaluate the battery state, predict the battery life, and perform safety control.

[0038] A control circuit for controlling battery charging and discharging; according to the data provided by the battery monitoring circuit, it controls the charging and discharging process of the battery to ensure that the battery operates in a safe and efficient state.

[0039] A protection circuit for preventing overcharging, over-discharging, over-current, and short-circuit of the battery; when abnormal conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, over-current, and short-circuit occur in the battery, it timely cuts off the connection between the battery and the external circuit to prevent battery damage or safety accidents.

[0040] A communication circuit for realizing data transmission and communication between the BMS and external devices; the communication circuit enables the BMS to upload the battery operating status data to the remote monitoring center in real time, and at the same time receive the instructions and parameter settings from the remote monitoring center.

[0041] A battery equalization circuit for adjusting the state of each battery cell in the battery pack to be balanced; it improves the performance and life of the entire battery pack. The main function of the battery equalization circuit is to introduce an equalization loop to transfer the charge of the battery with excessive charge to the battery with insufficient charge in the battery pack to achieve the purpose of battery charge balance.

[0042] The battery monitoring circuit, protection circuit, communication circuit, and battery equalization circuit are all electrically connected to the control circuit;

[0043] The battery monitoring circuit includes a voltage detection circuit for monitoring the voltage of a single battery or battery pack, a current detection circuit for measuring the charging and discharging current of the battery, and a temperature detection circuit for monitoring the temperature change of the battery.

[0044] The control circuit includes a microcontroller MCU and a charge and discharge control circuit. The microcontroller MCU serves as the control center, responsible for processing monitoring data, executing control algorithms, and issuing control instructions. The charge and discharge control circuit controls the switches of the charging and discharging circuits according to the instructions of the microcontroller MCU to achieve the charge and discharge control of the battery. The charge and discharge control circuit includes a chip U1, a connector USB1, a push-button switch K1, and a communication interface RS485. The pin 1 of the chip U1 is connected to the pin 1 of the connector USB1. The pin 2 of the chip U1 is connected to the parallel-connected light-emitting diodes DS1 and DS3. The pin 3 of the chip U1 is connected to the parallel-connected light-emitting diodes DS2 and DS4. The light-emitting diode DS1 is connected to the light-emitting diode DS4;

[0045] A resistor R1 and a capacitor C7 are connected between the pin 1 and the pin 5 of the connector USB1, and a grounded capacitor C5 is connected to the pin 1 of the chip U1;

[0046] A grounded resistor R3 and a key switch KEY1 are connected in series to the pin 5 of the chip U1. A resistor R2 and a capacitor C8 are respectively connected to the pin 6 of the chip U1. A capacitor C6 is connected in parallel to the resistor R2 and the capacitor C8. One ends of the resistor R2, the capacitor C6, and the inductor L1 are all connected to the pin 1 of the communication interface RS485.

[0047] A parallel-connected capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, and capacitor C4 are connected between the pin 8 of the chip U1 and the pin 3 of the push-button switch K1. An inductor L1 is connected between the pin 7 of the chip U1 and the pin 1 of the communication interface RS485.

[0048] The voltage detection circuit includes an amplifier U9A connected to the battery pack. A diode D13, a diode D14, a diode D16, and a diode D18 are connected between the pin 2 and the pin 3 of the amplifier U9A. The connection terminals of the diode D13 and the diode D14 are connected in series with a resistor R58 and a resistor R57 connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack. The connection terminals of the diode D16 and the diode D18 are connected in series with a resistor R64 and a resistor R65 connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack;

[0049] A parallel-connected resistor R60 and capacitor C27 are connected to the pin 3 of the amplifier U9A. A resistor R51 and a capacitor C24 are connected in parallel between the pin 1 and the pin 2 of the amplifier U9A. A resistor R67 is connected to the pin 1 of the amplifier U9A. One end of the resistor R67 is respectively connected to a diode D15 and a capacitor C31. A grounded capacitor C22 is connected to the pin 8 of the amplifier U9A.

[0050] The current detection circuit includes a current transformer TA1 and an amplifier U8A. A closed-loop formed by diodes D6, D7, D8, and D9 is connected between pin 1 and pin 2 of the current transformer TA1. A resistor R29 is connected to pin 2 of the amplifier U8A, and a resistor R32 is connected to pin 3 of the amplifier U8A. A resistor R37 and a capacitor C57 are connected in parallel between the resistor R29 and the resistor R32. One connection terminal of the resistor R37 is connected to pin 2 of the diode D7, and the other connection terminal of the resistor R37 is connected to pin 1 of the diode D9;

[0051] A resistor R28 and a capacitor C13 are connected in parallel between pin 1 and pin 2 of the amplifier U8A. A resistor R42 is connected to pin 1 of the amplifier U8A. One end of the resistor R42 is respectively connected to a capacitor C23 and a diode D10. A capacitor C15 connected to ground is connected to pin 8 of the amplifier U8A.

[0052] The temperature detection circuit includes a chip IC1, a chip IC2, and a temperature sensor RT1. Resistors R20, R30, and R40 are connected between pin 2 and pin 3 of the temperature sensor RT1. The connection terminals of the resistors R20 and R30 are connected to pin 2 of the chip IC1. Pin 3 of the chip IC2 is connected to pin 1 of the temperature sensor RT1. A resistor R10 is connected between pin 1 and pin 8 of the chip IC2. Pin 2 of the chip IC2 is connected between the resistor R30 and the resistor R40. Pin 7 of the chip IC2 is connected to a 3.3V voltage and is connected to a capacitor C20 connected to ground. A capacitor C10 connected to ground is connected to pin 1 of the chip IC1.

[0053] The protection circuit includes a control chip N1, a MOS transistor V1, and a MOS transistor V2. The D pole of the MOS transistor V1 is connected to the S pole of the MOS transistor V2. A resistor R100 and a capacitor C100 connected across the battery pack are respectively connected to pin 5 of the control chip N1. The G pole of the MOS transistor V1 is connected to pin 1 of the control chip N1. The G pole of the MOS transistor V2 is connected to pin 3 of the control chip N1. A capacitor C200 is connected between pin 2 of the control chip N1 and the S pole of the MOS transistor V1. A resistor R200 is connected between pin 2 of the control chip N1 and the D pole of the MOS transistor V2. A capacitor C300 is connected to pin 4 of the control chip N1, and the capacitor C300 is connected to the S pole of the MOS transistor V1.

[0054] This protection circuit consists of two MOSFETs (V1, V2), a control IC (N1), and some resistors and capacitors. The control IC is responsible for monitoring the battery voltage and the circuit current, and controlling the gates of the two MOSFETs. The MOSFETs act as switches in the circuit, respectively controlling the conduction and cutoff of the charging circuit and the discharging circuit. C300 is a delay capacitor. This circuit has overcharge protection, overdischarge protection, overcurrent protection, and short-circuit protection functions. The analysis of its working principle is as follows:

[0055] 1. Normal state: In the normal state, the "CO" and "DO" pins of N1 in the circuit both output high voltages, and the two MOSFETs are both in the conduction state. The battery can freely charge and discharge. Since the on-resistance of the MOSFET is very small, usually less than 30 milliohms, its on-resistance has little impact on the performance of the circuit. In this state, the quiescent current of the protection circuit is in the μA range, usually less than 7 μA.

[0056] 2. Overcharge protection: The charging method required for lithium-ion batteries is constant current / constant voltage. In the initial stage of charging, it is constant current charging. As the charging process progresses, the voltage will rise to 4.2V (depending on the cathode material, some batteries require a constant voltage value of 4.1V), and then it will switch to constant voltage charging until the current becomes smaller and smaller. During the charging process of the battery, if the charger circuit loses control, the battery voltage will continue to rise after exceeding 4.2V and continue to be charged at a constant current. At this time, the battery voltage will still continue to rise. When the battery voltage is charged to exceed 4.3V, the chemical side reactions of the battery will intensify, which may cause battery damage or safety problems.

[0057] In a battery with a protection circuit, when the control IC detects that the battery voltage reaches 4.28V (this value is determined by the control IC, and different ICs have different values), its "CO" pin will change from a high voltage to zero voltage, causing V2 to change from conduction to cutoff, thus cutting off the charging circuit and preventing the charger from charging the battery anymore, playing the role of overcharge protection. At this time, due to the existence of the body diode VD2 of the MOS transistor V2, the battery can discharge to the external load through this diode.

[0058] There is also a delay time between when the control IC detects that the battery voltage exceeds 4.28V and when it sends out the signal to turn off V2. The length of this delay time is determined by C300, usually set to about 1 second to avoid false judgment caused by interference.

[0059] 3. Overdischarge protection: During the discharge process of the battery to the external load, its voltage will gradually decrease as the discharge process progresses. When the battery voltage drops to 2.5V, its capacity has been completely discharged. If the battery continues to discharge to the load at this time, it will cause permanent damage to the battery.

[0060] During the battery discharge process, when the control IC detects that the battery voltage is lower than 2.3V (this value is determined by the control IC, and different ICs have different values), the "DO" pin of it will change from high voltage to zero voltage, turning on the MOS transistor V1 from on to off, thus cutting off the discharge circuit and preventing the battery from discharging the load anymore, playing the role of over-discharge protection. At this time, due to the existence of the body diode VD1 of the MOS transistor V1, the charger can charge the battery through this diode.

[0061] Since the battery voltage cannot be reduced anymore in the over-discharge protection state, it is required that the consumption current of the protection circuit is extremely small. At this time, the control IC will enter the low-power state, and the power consumption of the entire protection circuit will be less than 0.1μA.

[0062] There is also a delay time between when the control IC detects that the battery voltage is lower than 2.3V and when it sends out the signal to turn off the MOS transistor V1. The length of this delay time is determined by C300 and is usually set to about 100 milliseconds to avoid misjudgment caused by interference.

[0063] 4. Over-current protection Due to the chemical characteristics of lithium-ion batteries, the battery manufacturer stipulates that the maximum discharge current cannot exceed 2C (C = battery capacity / hour). When the battery discharges with a current exceeding 2C, it will cause permanent damage to the battery or pose safety problems. During the normal discharge process of the battery to the load, when the discharge current passes through two series-connected MOSFETs, due to the on-resistance of the MOSFET, a voltage will be generated across its two ends. The voltage value U = I * RDS * 2, where RDS is the on-resistance of a single MOSFET. The "V-" pin on the control IC detects this voltage value. If the load causes an abnormality for some reason, increasing the loop current, when the loop current is large enough to make U > 0.1V (this value is determined by the control IC, and different ICs have different values), the "DO" pin of it will change from high voltage to zero voltage, turning on V1 from on to off, thus cutting off the discharge circuit and making the current in the loop zero, playing the role of over-current protection. There is also a delay time between when the control IC detects the occurrence of over-current and when it sends out the signal to turn off V1. The length of this delay time is determined by C300 and is usually about 13 milliseconds to avoid misjudgment caused by interference.

[0064] It can be seen from the above control process that the over-current detection value depends not only on the control value of the control IC but also on the on-resistance of the MOSFET. When the on-resistance of the MOSFET is larger, for the same control IC, its over-current protection value is smaller.

[0065] 5. Short-circuit protection During the discharge process of the battery to the load, if the loop current is large enough to make U > 0.9V (this value is determined by the control IC, and different ICs have different values), the control IC determines that the load is short-circuited. Its "DO" pin will quickly change from a high voltage to zero voltage, causing V1 to turn from conduction to cutoff, thus cutting off the discharge loop and playing a role in short-circuit protection. The delay time of short-circuit protection is extremely short, usually less than 7 microseconds. Its working principle is similar to over-current protection, but the judgment method is different, and the protection delay time is also different.

[0066] The communication circuit includes chip U22 and battery socket CZ1. Pin 10 of chip U22 and pin 1 of battery socket CZ1 are both connected to the battery pack. A resistor R611 is connected between pin 2 and pin 9 of chip U22, and a variable resistor R711 is connected to pin 2 of chip U22. A resistor R511 is connected between pin 5 and pin 6 of chip U22, and pin 2 of battery socket CZ1 is connected to pin 6 of chip U22. A resistor R811 is connected to pin 2 of chip U22, a resistor R911 is connected to pin 4 of chip U22, and a resistor R411 is connected to pin 8 of chip U22.

[0067] The battery equalization circuit includes chip U10, chip U30, chip U40, MOS transistor Q2, MOS transistor Q3, and MOS transistor Q4. Pin 6 of chip U10 is connected to the G pole of MOS transistor Q2, pin 6 of chip U30 is connected to the G pole of MOS transistor Q3, and pin 6 of chip U40 is connected to the G pole of MOS transistor Q4.

[0068] A resistor R222 is connected between pin 2 of chip U10 and the S pole of MOS transistor Q2, a capacitor C522 is connected between pin 2 and pin 3 of chip U10, and a resistor R322 is connected between pin 3 of chip U10 and the D pole of MOS transistor Q2;

[0069] A resistor R522 is connected between pin 2 of chip U30 and the S pole of MOS transistor Q3, a capacitor C622 is connected between pin 2 and pin 3 of chip U30, and a resistor R622 is connected between pin 3 of chip U30 and the D pole of MOS transistor Q3;

[0070] A resistor R822 is connected between pin 2 of chip U40 and the S pole of MOS transistor Q4, a capacitor C1022 is connected between pin 2 and pin 3 of chip U40, and a resistor R1122 is connected between pin 3 of chip U40 and the D pole of MOS transistor Q4;

[0071] Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery management system capable of remotely monitoring the battery operating status, characterized in that: include: Battery monitoring circuit for real-time monitoring of battery pack voltage, current, and temperature; A control circuit for controlling the charging and discharging of the battery; Protection circuits to prevent batteries from overcharging, over-discharging, over-current and short-circuiting; Communication circuit to realize data transmission and communication between BMS and external devices; A battery balancing circuit that adjusts the states of each battery cell in the battery pack to be consistent; The battery monitoring circuit, protection circuit, communication circuit, and battery equalization circuit are all electrically connected to the control circuit; The battery monitoring circuit includes a voltage detection circuit for monitoring the voltage of a battery cell or a battery pack, a current detection circuit for measuring the battery charge and discharge current, and a temperature detection circuit for monitoring the battery temperature change.

2. A battery management system capable of remotely monitoring battery operating status according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit includes a microcontroller MCU and a charge and discharge control circuit, and the charge and discharge control circuit includes a chip U1, a connector USB1, a button switch K1, and a communication interface RS485. Pin 1 of the chip U1 is connected to pin 1 of the connector USB1, and pin 2 of the chip U1 is connected to light-emitting diodes DS1 and DS3 arranged in parallel, and pin 3 of the chip U1 is connected to light-emitting diodes DS2 and DS4 arranged in parallel; Capacitors C1, C2, C3 and C4 arranged in parallel are connected between pin 8 of the chip U1 and pin 3 of the button switch K1, and an inductor L1 is connected between pin 7 of the chip U1 and pin 1 of the communication interface RS485.

3. A battery management system capable of remotely monitoring battery operating status according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage detection circuit includes an amplifier U9A connected to the battery pack, and diodes D13, D14, D16, and D18 are connected between pins 2 and 3 of the amplifier U9A. The connection terminals of the diodes D13 and D14 are connected in series with resistors R58 and R57 connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the connection terminals of the diodes D16 and D18 are connected in series with resistors R64 and R65 connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack; Pin 3 of the amplifier U9A is connected to a resistor R60 and a capacitor C27 connected in parallel, pins 1 and 2 of the amplifier U9A are connected in parallel with a resistor R51 and a capacitor C24, pin 1 of the amplifier U9A is connected to a resistor R67, and one end of the resistor R67 is connected to a diode D15 and a capacitor C31 respectively.

4. A battery management system capable of remotely monitoring battery operating status according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current detection circuit includes a current transformer TA1 and an amplifier U8A, wherein a diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D8, and a diode D9 forming a closed loop are connected between pin 1 and pin 2 of the current transformer TA1, a resistor R29 is connected to pin 2 of the amplifier U8A, a resistor R32 is connected to pin 3 of the amplifier U8A, a resistor R37 and a capacitor C57 are connected in parallel between the resistor R29 and the resistor R32, the resistor R37 and one terminal of the resistor R37 are connected to pin 2 of the diode D7, and the resistor R37 and the other terminal of the resistor R37 are connected to pin 1 of the diode D9; A resistor R28 and a capacitor C13 are connected in parallel between pin 1 and pin 2 of the amplifier U8A. A resistor R42 is connected to pin 1 of the amplifier U8A. One end of the resistor R42 is connected to the capacitor C23 and the diode D10, respectively.

5. A battery management system capable of remotely monitoring battery operating status according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature detection circuit includes a chip IC1, a chip IC2 and a temperature sensor RT1. Resistors R20, R30 and R40 are connected between pin 2 and pin 3 of the temperature sensor RT1. The connection terminals of the resistors R20 and R30 are connected to pin 2 of the chip IC1. Pin 3 of the chip IC2 is connected to pin 1 of the temperature sensor RT1. Resistors R10 are connected between pins 1 and 8 of the chip IC2. Pin 2 of the chip IC2 is connected between resistors R30 and R40. Pin 7 of the chip IC2 is connected to a 3.3V voltage and is connected to a grounded capacitor C20.

6. A battery management system capable of remotely monitoring battery operating status according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection circuit includes a control chip N1, a MOS tube V1 and a MOS tube V2. The D pole of the MOS tube V1 is connected to the S pole of the MOS tube V2. The 5th pin of the control chip N1 is respectively connected to a resistor R100 and a capacitor C100 connected to both ends of the battery pack. The G pole of the MOS tube V1 is connected to the 1st pin of the control chip N1. The G pole of the MOS tube V2 is connected to the 3rd pin of the control chip N1. A capacitor C200 is connected between the 2nd pin of the control chip N1 and the S pole of the MOS tube V1. A resistor R200 is connected between the 2nd pin of the control chip N1 and the D pole of the MOS tube V2.

7. A battery management system capable of remotely monitoring battery operating status according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication circuit includes a chip U22 and a battery socket CZ1, wherein pin 10 of the chip U22 and pin 1 of the battery socket CZ1 are both connected to the battery pack, a resistor R611 is connected between pins 2 and 9 of the chip U22, and an adjustable resistor R711 is connected to pin 2 of the chip U22, a resistor R511 is connected between pins 5 and 6 of the chip U22, and pin 2 of the battery socket CZ1 is connected to pin 6 of the chip U22.

8. A battery management system capable of remotely monitoring battery operating status according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery balancing circuit includes a chip U10, a chip U30, a chip U40, a MOS tube Q2, a MOS tube Q3, and a MOS tube Q4. Pin 6 of the chip U10 is connected to the G pole of the MOS tube Q2, the pin 6 of the chip U30 is connected to the G pole of the MOS tube Q3, and the pin 6 of the chip U40 is connected to the G pole of the MOS tube Q4.

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