Waterproof structure for basement anti-floating anchor rod construction

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a basement anti-floating anchor rod construction waterproof structure which is implemented on a soil construction layer and comprises a concrete cushion layer, a concrete waterproof cushion layer, a waterproof roll layer, a concrete protection layer, anchor rod holes, anchor rod sets and a certain number of stirrups. The anchor rod group sequentially penetrates through the concrete protection layer, the waterproof roll layer, the concrete waterproof cushion layer and the concrete cushion layer from top to bottom, the bottom end of the anchor rod group is arranged in the anchor rod hole, and the stirrup is arranged in the anchor rod hole; according to the utility model, leakage of the bottom plate at the anchor rod part can be avoided; the defects of large human influence factors and the like are overcome; operation is simple, and the construction period can be shortened; the cost and the labor cost are saved; environmental pollution is reduced, and construction cost is reduced; the anti-floating anchor rod waterproof construction method is suitable for anti-floating anchor rod waterproof construction of buildings or structures which are large in building size, deep in foundation burying, small in number of building layers, high in waterproof grade requirement and insufficient in structure self-weight to resist buoyancy on underground water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of construction engineering, in particular to a waterproof structure for the construction of anti-floating anchor rods in a basement. Background Technique

[0002] In recent years, the pace of urban construction has been accelerating continuously. In order to better solve the problem of tight land use, the application of underground space has become more and more extensive. When the groundwater level is relatively high and the self-weight of the building and the overburden soil cannot offset the buoyancy generated by the groundwater, the anti-floating problem needs to be considered. Usually, vertical anti-floating anchor rods are set, which can eliminate the adverse effects of groundwater buoyancy on the building. In addition, the dense waterproof joints of the anti-floating anchor rod steel bars are the key to ensuring the waterproof effect; ensuring the construction quality of the anti-floating anchor rods is the basis for ensuring the stability and safety of the building. The existing technology has cumbersome construction operations, is prone to leakage, has great construction difficulty, is not easy to control the quality, and is greatly affected by human factors. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a waterproof structure for the construction of anti-floating anchor rods in a basement to solve the above problems.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0005] A waterproof structure for the construction of anti-floating anchor rods in a basement is implemented on a soil construction layer, including: a concrete cushion, a concrete waterproof cushion, a waterproof coiled material layer, a concrete protective layer, an anchor rod hole, an anchor rod group and a certain number of stirrups. The soil construction layer, the concrete cushion, the concrete waterproof cushion, the waterproof coiled material layer and the concrete protective layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The anchor rod hole is drilled in the soil construction layer. The anchor rod group penetrates through the concrete protective layer, the waterproof coiled material layer, the concrete waterproof cushion and the concrete cushion from top to bottom, and the bottom end is arranged in the anchor rod hole. The bottom of the anchor rod group is a cylindrical structure, and its top is a radial structure. The stirrups are arranged in the anchor rod hole.

[0006] Preferably, the anchor rod group includes outer distribution bars and inner anti-floating anchor rods. There are three inner anti-floating anchor rods, which are located in the middle of the anchor rod hole and are vertically arranged. The tops of two of them are horizontally bent. There are four outer distribution bars, which are radially evenly distributed around the inner anti-floating anchor rods. The bottom of each outer distribution bar is arranged in the anchor rod hole, and its top end is set as a hook structure.

[0007] Preferably, a cement-based penetrating crystalline layer is further provided in the middle and lower parts of the concrete waterproof cushion, and a coiled material additional layer is further provided in the middle and upper parts of the concrete waterproof cushion.

[0008] Preferably, a rubber water stop ring is sleeved on each outer layer distribution bar in the anchor rod group, and two rubber water stop rings are sleeved on each inner layer anti-floating anchor rod in the anchor rod group, and both are located above the concrete protective layer.

[0009] Preferably, each stirrup is bent into a square frame structure, and a certain number of stirrups with square frame structures are vertically arranged in the anchor rod hole at a certain interval.

[0010] Preferably, waterproof grease is poured on each outer layer distribution bar and inner layer anti-floating anchor rod in the anchor rod group, and both are arranged on the top of the waterproof coiled material layer and located inside the concrete protective layer.

[0011] Preferably, the anchor rod hole is filled with concrete of the same material as the concrete cushion.

[0012] Preferably, after the waterproof coiled material layer is laid, the coiled material is turned up at the root of the anchor rod group, and waterproof grease is provided in the formed closed space.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0014] 1. The present utility model can effectively ensure the anti-pulling bearing capacity of the anchor rod and avoid the leakage of the bottom plate at the anchor rod part;

[0015] 2. It can solve the problems of great construction difficulty of the waterproof project, difficult quality control, and large influence of human factors;

[0016] 3. The operation is simple, the process is advanced, and compared with the traditional construction structure and process, the construction period can be effectively shortened by 1 / 3; the cost can be saved by about 7 yuan / m; the labor cost can be saved by 1 / 3;

[0017] 4. Reduce environmental pollution and reduce construction costs;

[0018] 5. It is applicable to the anti-floating anchor rod waterproof construction of buildings or structures with large building sizes, deep foundation burial, few building floors, high waterproof grade requirements, and insufficient self-weight of the structure to resist the buoyancy of groundwater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0020] In the figure: 1 - soil construction layer, 2 - concrete cushion, 3 - concrete waterproof cushion, 4 - waterproof coiled material layer, 5 - concrete protective layer, 6 - cement-based penetrating crystalline layer, 7 - coiled material additional layer, 8 - outer layer distribution bar, 9 - inner layer anti-floating anchor rod, 10 - rubber water stop ring, 11 - waterproof grease, 12 - stirrup. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] Next, in combination with the embodiments of the present utility model, the technical solutions of the structural schematic diagrams in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, a waterproof structure for the construction of anti-floating anchor rods in a basement is implemented based on the soil construction layer 1, and includes: a concrete cushion layer 2, a concrete waterproof cushion layer 3, a waterproof coiled material layer 4, a concrete protective layer 5, an anchor rod hole, an anchor rod group, and a certain number of stirrups 12. The soil construction layer 1, the concrete cushion layer 2, the concrete waterproof cushion layer 3, the waterproof coiled material layer 4, and the concrete protective layer 5 are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The anchor rod hole is drilled in the soil construction layer 1. The anchor rod group sequentially penetrates the concrete protective layer 5, the waterproof coiled material layer 4, the concrete waterproof cushion layer 3, and the concrete cushion layer 2 from top to bottom, and the bottom end is arranged in the anchor rod hole. The bottom of the anchor rod group is a cylindrical structure, and its top is a radial structure. The stirrups 12 are arranged in the anchor rod hole.

[0023] In some embodiments, the anchor rod group includes an outer layer distribution bar 8 and an inner layer anti-floating anchor rod 9. There are three inner layer anti-floating anchor rods 9, which are located in the middle of the anchor rod hole and are vertically arranged. Two of them are horizontally bent at the top to facilitate connection with the concrete structure poured above. There are four outer layer distribution bars 8, which are radially distributed around the inner layer anti-floating anchor rod 9. The bottom of each outer layer distribution bar 8 is arranged in the anchor rod hole, and its top end is set as a hook structure to facilitate connection with the concrete structure poured above.

[0024] In some embodiments, a cementitious capillary crystalline layer 6 is further provided in the middle and lower parts of the concrete waterproof cushion layer 3, and a coiled material additional layer 7 is further provided in the middle and upper parts of the concrete waterproof cushion layer 3, which plays a further role in waterproofing the construction site, and the anchor rod group penetrates the cementitious capillary crystalline layer 6 and the coiled material additional layer 7 respectively.

[0025] In some embodiments, a rubber water stop ring 10 is sleeved on each outer layer distribution bar 8 in the anchor rod group, and two rubber water stop rings 10 are sleeved on each inner layer anti-floating anchor rod 9 in the anchor rod group, and both are located above the concrete protective layer 5. During later construction, each rubber water stop ring 10 is located inside the concrete structure connected and poured above. When there is a gap and water between the anchor rod group in the concrete structure connected and poured outside the rubber water stop ring 10, the rubber water stop ring 10 swells when encountering water, which can further play a role in waterproofing.

[0026] In some embodiments, each stirrup 12 is bent into a square frame structure. A certain number of stirrups 12 with square frame structures are vertically arranged in the anchor rod holes at certain intervals, forming a steel reinforcement cage structure with the anchor rod holes, which plays a role in supporting, reinforcing and limiting the subsequent cast-in-place concrete. Concrete of the same material as the concrete cushion 2 is poured into the anchor rod holes to form an anchor pile structure, further strengthening the force bearing between the upper structure and the soil construction layer 1.

[0027] In some embodiments, waterproof grease 11 is poured on each outer distribution bar 8 and inner anti-floating anchor rod 9 in the anchor rod group. They are all arranged on the top of the waterproof coiled material layer 4 and located inside the concrete protective layer 5, further preventing water flow along the anchor rod group. After the waterproof coiled material layer 4 is laid, the coiled material is turned up at the root of the anchor rod group. Waterproof grease 11 is provided in the formed enclosed space. After the waterproof grease dries and hardens, the overall waterproof protective layer is constructed, and the thickness of the protective layer is greater than the height of the waterproof grease.

[0028] Embodiment

[0029] Process principle

[0030] The anti-floating anchor rod belongs to a tension member. One end is anchored to the building floor slab, and the other end is anchored to the bearing stratum of the foundation. In the force-bearing process, the uplift force is first transmitted to the grouting body through the action between the anchor body steel bars and the grouting body, and then the force received by the grouting body is transmitted to the surrounding stable soil through the friction between the grouting body and the surrounding soil layer, thus forming an anti-floating anchor rod with a certain anti-pulling capacity to play an anti-floating role. In addition to balancing the groundwater buoyancy, the anti-floating anchor rod can also play a role in strengthening the foundation, thereby reducing the foundation deformation and uneven settlement. The weak part of the waterproof layer is the position of the root of the anchor rod steel bars. By brushing cement-based penetrating crystalline, pouring waterproof grease 11, etc., a closed space is formed between the three main steel bars, which is connected to the large-area waterproof coiled material, thus forming an overall closed waterproof layer to play a waterproof role.

[0031] Construction process flow

[0032] Anchor rod hole positioning and numbering → Drill rig in place → Anchor rod drilling → Hole formation and drill lifting → Rod body fabrication and installation → Pressure grouting → Secondary grouting → Anchor rod acceptance test → Cement-based penetrating crystalline construction → Waterproof coiled material construction.

[0033] Operation key points

[0034] 1. Anchor rod hole positioning and numbering

[0035] Anchors should be measured and laid out according to the control points and anchor plan, and the anchor holes should be marked and numbered in sequence to prevent omissions. The measurement and placement must be accurate. Records should be kept and checked during the measurement and placement to ensure accurate hole positions. The anchor positioning deviation should not be greater than 20mm. Control points should be set outside the anchor construction range to ensure frequent re-measurements during the construction process to ensure accurate hole positions.

[0036] 2. Drilling rig in place

[0037] The ground at the drilling rig location should be flat, and the drilling rig should be kept stable when drilling. Select a drill bit with a suitable diameter as required, and ensure that the center of the drill bit is aligned with the center of the anchor rod.

[0038] 3. Anchor drilling

[0039] The diameter of the anchor hole in this embodiment is 150mm, and the effective anchoring length of the anchor is that the anchor enters the 7th layer - the pebble layer, and the bottom is about 2 meters into the shale layer, and the length is not less than 12m. After determining the anchor hole position, use a hydraulic anchor drill to drill the hole (while adding the drill rod). The hole is drilled by hydraulic drilling. After reaching the designed depth, the drilling should not be stopped immediately. Overdrill 0.1m and drill steadily for 1-2min to prevent the bottom end from not reaching the designed anchoring diameter and to ensure sufficient grouting. When the designed depth is reached (not less than) the design depth, move to the next borehole. Careful records should be kept during construction. If any abnormal footage is found during drilling, the designer should be notified in time.

[0040] 4. Drilling and drilling

[0041] After the hole is completed, the residual residue in the hole is removed, and the hole is cleaned by pouring clean water with a mud pump. No residual mud film is allowed to exist on the hole wall. When cleaning the hole, the return filter water in the hole can be slightly lighter, and the hole should not be cleaned for a long time. At the same time, the on-site engineer and quality inspector will measure the hole depth and the deflection of the anchor hole. After meeting the design requirements, the next process will be carried out.

[0042] 5. Rod production and installation

[0043] The length of the anti-floating anchor reinforcement is 12.85 meters. Three Φ22 Grade III steel bars are used. Four Φ10 distribution bars and two Φ8 stirrups are used on the ground. The steel bar joint is located at the L / 3 range of the bottom of the anchor. The joint adopts Grade I mechanical connection (straight thread connection). The steel bar joint is cut flat. A Φ22 steel bar is added every one meter to fix the three main bars. The positioner is one every 4 meters, and each anchor has three. The steel bar must be straight before production, and there must be no local bending. It is strictly manufactured according to the design requirements and specifications. The steel bar and the centering bracket are welded firmly, and the contact point must not be leaked. The anti-floating anchor reinforcement should be handled smoothly to prevent the deformation of the anchor hole reinforcement. When placing it, it must be placed steadily and vertically into the hole to prevent tilting in the hole.

[0044] 6. Pressure grouting

[0045] After placing the rod body, pressure grouting is carried out. The bottom-hole reverse grouting method is adopted. The grout is poured inwards from the grouting pipe, and the gas is directly discharged. The grouting material is 30Mpa cement mortar. During construction, the mortar is prepared strictly according to the mix ratio issued by the laboratory, and the control of the water-cement ratio is well done. Grouting is a key process in anchor rod construction and must be seriously implemented and well recorded. The grouting is carried out by a mud pump. The end of the grouting pipe is 300 - 500mm away from the bottom of the hole. For the first grouting, the pressure is 0.3 - 0.5Mpa and the flow rate is 100L / min. Under this pressure, the cement mortar flows into the borehole. The first grouting volume depends on the borehole diameter and the length of the anchorage section. After grouting, the grouting pipe can be pulled out for reuse.

[0046] 7. Secondary grouting

[0047] After the slurry of the first perfusion begins to set, secondary grouting is carried out. The control pressure is about 2.5 - 5Mpa and it is kept stable for 2 minutes. The slurry breaks through the first grouting body and diffuses between the contact surface of the anchor body and the soil, expanding the diameter of the anchor body and increasing the radial compressive stress. Due to pressure grouting, the soil around the anchor body is compressed, the void ratio decreases, the water content decreases, and the internal friction angle of the soil is also increased. Secondary grouting can significantly improve the bearing capacity of the anti-floating anchor rod. The end standard of grouting: The concentration of the discharged slurry is the same as that of the injected slurry and there are no bubbles. Before grouting, water is used to lead the way and wet the pipeline, and the slurry conveying pipeline is inspected; after grouting, the slurry mixing, grouting equipment and grouting pipe are promptly cleaned with water. Before the grout body hardens, it cannot bear external forces or the displacement of the anchor rod caused by external forces.

[0048] 8. Anchor rod acceptance test

[0049] After the grouting strength of the anchor body reaches 90% of the design strength, the anchor rod acceptance test is carried out. The number of test anchor rods is 5% of the total number of each type of anchor rod, and it shall not be less than 5. The acceptance test anchor rods shall be randomly sampled. When the acceptance anchor rods are unqualified, 30% of the total number of anchor rods shall be re-sampled. If there are still unqualified anchor rods, all shall be inspected.

[0050] 9. Cement-based capillary crystalline construction

[0051] The brushing method is adopted for construction. Material: water = 5:2 (can be adjusted appropriately according to the project situation). Pour 5 parts of dry powder into 2 parts of clean water (by weight), and then stir evenly with a hand-held mixer for about 3 - 5 minutes. Let the stirred material stand for 10 minutes before construction.

[0052] The material consumption per square meter is 1.0 - 1.5 kg, the coating thickness is 1.0 - 1.5 mm, the brushing range is within 500 mm around the anchor rod, and it is brushed in two coats. During each coat brushing, the construction continuity should be ensured, and there should be no exposed bottom or missed brushing. The brushing directions of the first and second coats should be perpendicular to each other until the designed thickness is reached.

[0053] The curing after construction is an essential and important part of the entire waterproof construction process. Spraying water is mainly used for curing. When the coating is cured to the extent that it will not be damaged by spraying water, the curing can start. Clean misty water should be used for spraying, and it should be sprayed 3 - 5 times a day for 2 - 3 consecutive days. When the weather is hot and dry and the water loss is fast, the number of spraying times should be increased accordingly, and protective measures such as shading or covering with wet burlap should be taken for curing.

[0054] 10. Waterproof Coil Construction

[0055] When the curing of the cement - based penetrating crystalline is completed, the waterproof coil construction can be carried out. The waterproof design of this project is two - layer 4 - mm - thick SBS modified asphalt waterproof coils. Before the waterproof construction, the concrete base surface should be treated, removing floating slurry, loose crushed stones, and floating slurry on the steel bars, etc., to make the base surface hard, flat, and clean. The inner and outer corners should be plastered into an octagonal shape. During the cleaning, pay attention not to damage the completed cement - based penetrating crystalline waterproof layer.

[0056] A layer of high - polymer modified asphalt solution diluted with gasoline should be evenly brushed on the base surface. There should be no exposed bottom or accumulation, and it should not be repeatedly brushed. After brushing, after 4 h at normal temperature (when it does not stick to the feet), start laying the coils. At the pipe roots and inner and outer corners, an additional layer of coil No. 7 should be added, and an additional layer of the same - quality coil No. 7 should be added around the anchor rods. Cut the coils into corresponding shapes for full adhesion, with a width of 500 mm. The construction of the additional layer must be firmly pasted, and the construction should be careful. The coil of the additional layer should return 30 mm above the root of the anchor rod steel bars, and then start the large - area coil laying. For the flat part of the concrete floor slab, the empty - laying method or spot - sticking method can be used. The full - adhesion method should be used between the two layers of coils. The short - side and long - side lap widths of the coils should be greater than 100 mm. The transverse joints of two adjacent coils in the same layer should be staggered by more than 1500 mm to avoid concentrated joint parts. At the corner of the vertical and horizontal surfaces, the joints of the coils should be left on the flat surface of the floor slab. When using double - layer coils, the joints of the upper and lower layers and adjacent two coils should be staggered by 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 of the width of the coil, and the two layers of coils should not be laid perpendicular to each other. After the coils are laid, fill the closed space formed by the coils returning above the root of the anchor rod steel bars with waterproof grease. After the waterproof grease dries and hardens, carry out the construction of the overall waterproof protective layer. The thickness of the protective layer should be greater than the height of the waterproof grease. Finally, set two water - swelling rubber water - stop rings on each steel bar.

[0057] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A basement anti-floating anchor construction waterproof structure, implemented on a soil construction layer, characterized by: include: A concrete cushion layer, a concrete waterproof cushion layer, a waterproof membrane layer, a concrete protective layer, an anchor hole, an anchor group and a certain number of stirrups. The soil construction layer, the concrete cushion layer, the concrete waterproof cushion layer, the waterproof membrane layer and the concrete protective layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The anchor hole is drilled in the soil construction layer. The anchor group passes through the concrete protective layer, the waterproof membrane layer, the concrete waterproof cushion layer and the concrete cushion layer in sequence from top to bottom, and the bottom end is arranged in the anchor hole. The bottom of the anchor group is a cylindrical structure, and the top is a radial structure. The stirrups are arranged in the anchor hole.

2. The basement anti-floating anchor construction waterproof structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The anchor rod group includes an outer layer distribution rib and an inner layer anti-floating anchor rod. There are three inner layer anti-floating anchor rods, which are located in the middle of the anchor rod hole and are vertically arranged. Two of them are horizontally bent at the top. There are four outer layer distribution ribs, which are radially distributed around the inner layer anti-floating anchor rod. The bottom of each outer layer distribution rib is arranged in the anchor rod hole, and the top is set as a hook structure.

3. The basement anti-floating anchor construction waterproof structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: A cement-based permeable crystallization layer is also provided in the lower middle part of the concrete waterproof cushion layer, and a coiled material additional layer is also provided in the upper middle part of the concrete waterproof cushion layer.

4. The basement anti-floating anchor construction waterproof structure according to claim 2 is characterized by: Each outer layer distribution bar in the anchor rod group is sleeved with a rubber water stop ring, and each inner layer anti-floating anchor rod in the anchor rod group is sleeved with two rubber water stop rings, which are all located above the concrete protective layer.

5. The basement anti-floating anchor rod construction waterproof structure according to claim 2 is characterized by: Each stirrup is bent into a square frame structure, and a certain number of stirrups in the square frame structure are vertically arranged at certain intervals in the anchor rod hole.

6. The basement anti-floating anchor rod construction waterproof structure according to claim 2 is characterized by: Waterproof grease is poured on each outer layer distribution reinforcement and inner layer anti-floating anchor in the anchor group, and is arranged on the top of the waterproof membrane layer and inside the concrete protective layer.

7. The basement anti-floating anchor construction waterproof structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Concrete with the same material as the concrete cushion is poured into the anchor rod hole.

8. The basement anti-floating anchor rod waterproof structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the waterproof coiled material layer is laid, the coiled material is set on the root of the anchor rod group, and waterproof grease is provided in the formed closed space.

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