Yaw system of wind turbine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a yaw system of a wind turbine, which belongs to the field of wind turbines and comprises a yaw servo frequency converter T1, a yaw PLC (programmable logic controller) module U1, a yaw cam switch TS1 and a signal isolation device TG1. The yaw PLC module U1 is connected with a coil of a left yaw control relay K1, and the yaw PLC module U1 is connected with a coil of a right yaw control relay K2. A wind speed signal of the wind speed sensor FS is connected with a DI1 port of the yaw PLC module U1, a wind direction signal of the wind direction deviation sensor FX is connected with an AI1 port of the yaw PLC module U1, a turn number signal Sig of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected with an AI2 port of the yaw PLC module U1, and a communication port T of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected with a communication port T of the yaw PLC module U1 through a communication line. According to the utility model, the normal operation of the yaw system can still be realized even if the yaw servo driver and the PLC controller are in abnormal communication or cannot be in communication; therefore, the monitoring of the yaw servo frequency conversion system is more reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of wind turbines, in particular to a yaw system of a wind turbine. Background Technique

[0002] The yaw system of a wind power generating set is also called a wind-facing device, and its function is to face the wind quickly and smoothly when the direction of the wind speed vector changes, so that the wind turbine can obtain the maximum wind energy. In the early stage, the electrical circuit of the yaw system of a wind turbine was relatively simple, generally composed of a PLC controller, a yaw counter, a yaw motor, a yaw motor protection switch, a yaw main contactor, a yaw control relay, a wind speed and direction sensor, etc. When the PLC controller receives that the wind speed measured by the wind speed and direction sensor of the unit reaches above the effective wind speed, according to the wind direction deviation data, that is, the included angle between the wind power generating set and the wind direction, the PLC controller controls the main contact of the yaw contactor to be closed / open by the energization / de-energization of the yaw control relay, so that the yaw motor rotates forward / backward / stopped. The output gear of the yaw motor speed reducer drives the yaw bearing to rotate to realize the rotation / stop of the nacelle. At the same time, the yaw hydraulic brake system realizes the switching between low pressure and high pressure according to the yaw start or yaw stop state respectively.

[0003] The total weight of yaw components such as the nacelle, engine, and impeller is getting larger and larger, that is, the inertia is getting larger and larger, resulting in an increasing impact on the yaw of the yaw motor, yaw speed reducer, and yaw bearing during the yaw start and stop processes; at the same time, the continuously increasing impeller diameter makes the reaction force of the wind energy transmitted through the impeller between the yaw bearing and the output gear of the yaw speed reducer larger and larger, causing fatigue or over-limit load damage to mechanical components such as the yaw bearing and yaw speed reducer; in order to alleviate or solve this problem, generally a servo frequency converter is used to control the start, stop, and operation of the yaw motor. When the communication between the yaw servo frequency converter and the nacelle PLC system is abnormal or communication cannot be established for other reasons, the yaw variable frequency servo system cannot work, and the wind turbine stops.

[0004] Therefore, a wind turbine yaw system is needed to ensure the normal operation of the yaw system in the case of communication interruption or failure to establish a communication connection between the yaw servo frequency converter and the PLC controller. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] Regarding the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a wind turbine yaw system to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A yaw system for a wind turbine, comprising a yaw servo frequency converter T1, a yaw PLC module U1, a yaw cam switch TS1 and a signal isolation device TG1; the left yaw control port DO1 on the yaw PLC module U1 is connected to the coil of the left yaw control relay K1, and the right yaw control port DO2 of the yaw PLC module U1 is connected to the coil of the right yaw control relay K2; the lower end of TS1-L of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the DI1 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1; the lower end of TS1-R of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the DI2 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1; the lower end of the contact of the left yaw control relay K1 is connected to the DI4 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1, and the lower end of the contact of the right yaw control relay K2 is connected to the DI5 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1;

[0008] The wind speed signal of the wind speed sensor FS is connected to the DI1 port of the yaw PLC module U1, and the wind speed signal of the wind speed sensor FS is connected to the DI3 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 through the signal isolation device TG1;

[0009] The wind direction signal of the wind direction deviation sensor FX is connected to the AI1 port of the yaw PLC module U1, and the wind direction signal of the wind direction deviation sensor FX is connected to the AI1 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 through the signal isolation device TG1;

[0010] The number of turns signal Sig of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the AI2 port of the yaw PLC module U1, and the number of turns signal Sig of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the AI2 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 through the signal isolation device TG1;

[0011] The communication port T of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the communication port T of the yaw PLC module U1 by a communication line.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the upper end of the right limit switch contact TS1-R of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the 24V power supply, and the upper end of the left limit switch contact TS1-L of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the 24V power supply.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the port TB of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the speed sensor TC1, the PI port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the main power supply, and the port group PO of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the yaw motor group M.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the port group PO includes ports PO1, PO2... ports PO6, and the yaw motor group M includes yaw motors M1, M2... yaw motors M6.

[0015] As a further solution of the present utility model: the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is installed inside the wind turbine. The yaw servo frequency converters T1 of multiple groups of wind turbines are connected to one end of a communication line through a communication optical cable to the MB communication port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1. The other end of the communication line is connected to the communication switch Mx at the tower base position. The communication switch Mx is connected to the optical fiber loop of the wind farm substation. The optical fiber loop is connected to the communication switch M of the wind farm substation, and the communication switch M is further connected to the yaw system monitor for communication.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0017] By adopting the yaw servo frequency conversion system, the present utility model can realize the normal operation of the yaw system, such as start, stop, operation, mode control, torque protection, etc., even when the communication between the yaw servo driver and the PLC controller is abnormal or cannot communicate; at the same time, real-time monitoring and intervention control of the yaw servo systems of each wind turbine can be completed within the wind farm substation; making the monitoring of the yaw servo frequency conversion system more reliable. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system loop of a yaw system of a wind turbine disclosed in the embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the communication connection method in a yaw system of a wind turbine disclosed in the embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a control flow chart corresponding to the embodiment in a yaw system of a wind turbine disclosed in the embodiment.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a yaw control curve graph corresponding to the example in a yaw system of a wind turbine disclosed in the embodiment. Detailed Embodiments

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "provided with", "connected", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense; for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1-2 , a yaw system of a wind turbine, comprising a yaw servo frequency converter T1, a yaw PLC module U1, a yaw cam switch TS1, and a signal isolation device TG1; the left yaw control port DO1 on the yaw PLC module U1 is connected to the coil of the left yaw control relay K1, and the right yaw control port DO2 of the yaw PLC module U1 is connected to the coil of the right yaw control relay K2; the upper end of the left limit switch contact TS1-L of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the 24V power supply, and the lower end of TS1-L of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the DI1 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1; the upper end of the right limit switch contact TS1-R of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the 24V power supply, and the lower end of TS1-R of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the DI2 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1; the lower end of the contact of the left yaw control relay K1 is connected to the DI4 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1, and the lower end of the contact of the right yaw control relay K2 is connected to the DI5 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1. When left / right yaw is required, the PLC controller U1 controls the coils of the left yaw control relay K1 / right yaw control relay K2 to be energized, and transmits the signal to the left yaw action instruction input port DI1 / right yaw action instruction input port DI2 of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 through the contacts of K1 / K2; the servo driver T1 drives the yaw motor to rotate forward / reverse to make the unit yaw left / right; at the same time, the speed sensor TC1 transmits the rotation speed of the yaw motor to the servo driver T1, realizing the closed-loop control of the rotation speed of the yaw motor by the servo driver T1.

[0025] The wind speed signal of the wind speed sensor FS is connected to the DI1 port of the yaw PLC module U1, and the wind speed signal of the wind speed sensor FS is connected to the DI3 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 through the signal isolation device TG1, and the wind speed signal is isolated and then sent to the DI3 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1. The yaw servo frequency converter T1 receives the wind speed signal through the signal isolation device and controls the rotation speed of the yaw motor. Generally speaking, the higher the wind speed, the smaller the rotation speed, and the lower the wind speed, the larger the rotation speed.

[0026] The wind direction signal of the wind direction deviation sensor FX is connected to the AI1 port of the yaw PLC module U1. The wind direction signal of the wind direction deviation sensor FX is connected to the AI1 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 through the signal isolation device TG1. After isolating the wind direction deviation signal, it is sent to the AI1 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1. The signal isolation device TG1 can isolate and process the wind direction deviation angle signal and transmit it to the yaw servo frequency converter T1 while not affecting the data transmission from the wind vane FX to the PLC controller U1. The yaw servo frequency converter T1 receives the wind direction deviation signal through the signal isolation device and controls the torque of the yaw motor. Generally speaking, the smaller the wind direction deviation, the smaller the torque, and the larger the wind direction deviation, the larger the torque.

[0027] The revolution signal Sig of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the AI2 port of the yaw PLC module U1. The revolution signal Sig of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the AI2 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 through the signal isolation device TG1. After isolating the yaw revolution signal, it is sent to the AI2 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1. The signal isolation device TG1 can isolate and process the wind speed data and transmit it to the yaw servo frequency converter T1 while not affecting the data transmission from the anemometer FS to the PLC controller U1. The signal isolation device TG1 can isolate and process the nacelle position signal and transmit it to the yaw servo frequency converter T1 while not affecting the data transmission from the yaw cam switch TS1 to the PLC controller U1. The yaw servo frequency converter T1 receives the nacelle position signal through the signal isolation device to achieve cable twisting protection. When the absolute value of the nacelle position is greater than a certain value, the yaw servo frequency converter T1 prohibits the yaw motor from rotating in the direction of increasing the absolute value of the nacelle position.

[0028] The rotational speed sensor TC1 is connected to the TB port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 to transmit the yaw rotation speed signal to the yaw servo frequency converter T1; the PI port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the main power supply. The port group PO of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the yaw motor group M and provides power supply for its operation. The port group PO includes ports PO1, PO2...PO6, and the yaw motor group M includes yaw motors M1, M2...M6; the ports PO1, PO2...PO6 of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 are respectively connected to the yaw motors M1, M2...M6 and provide power supply for their operation. The output port PO of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the yaw motor M. The start, stop, and rotation direction of the yaw motor can be controlled by the states of the action instruction input ports DI1 and DI2.

[0029] The communication port T of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the communication port T of the yaw PLC module U1 by a communication line. Generally, the module U1 and the yaw servo frequency converter T1 achieve control and information interaction through the communication port. When the communication is abnormal or cannot be established, the yaw system operates in the following manner: When the wind turbine PLC module U1 receives that the wind direction deviation signal of the wind direction deviation sensor FX exceeds the set range relative to the impeller axis, it will transmit the yaw command to the left / right yaw control relays K1 / K2 through DO1 / DO2 according to the deviation direction. K1 / K2 transmit the yaw command to the DI4 / DI5 ports of the yaw servo frequency converter T1. The yaw servo frequency converter T1 determines the yaw direction according to the states of DI4 / DI5; the yaw servo frequency converter T1 determines the yaw rate according to the wind speed received by DI3; the yaw servo frequency converter T1 determines the torque according to the wind direction deviation received by AI3. The yaw servo frequency converter T1 determines the yaw direction, rate, and torque magnitude, and transmits the power to the yaw motors M1, M2, … M6 through the power output ports PO1, PO2…PO6.

[0030] The described yaw servo frequency converter T1 is installed inside the wind turbine. The MB communication ports of the yaw servo frequency converters T1 of multiple groups of wind turbines are connected to one end of the communication line through a communication optical cable. The other end of the communication line is connected to the communication switch Mx at the tower base position. The communication switch Mx is connected to the optical fiber loop of the wind farm substation. The optical fiber loop is connected to the communication switch M of the wind farm substation. The communication switch M is also connected to the yaw system monitor for communication, thereby realizing the function of the upper computer to monitor the yaw servo systems of each unit in real time. The yaw servo frequency converter T1 is equipped with a communication port MB. The signal of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is transmitted to the tower base of the wind turbine generator set through the communication line, and then the signal is sent to the yaw system monitor in the station through the original optical fiber connecting the units at the tower base and connecting to the wind farm booster station.

[0031] Preferably, the yaw system monitor is equipped with upper computer software that matches the servo drive, which can realize the manual and automatic mode switching of the servo drive T1. In the manual mode, operations such as forward rotation, reverse rotation, stop, and reset of the servo drive T1 can also be realized, and the fault log query and event query can also be realized.

[0032] Preferably, the yaw servo frequency converter T1 can receive the yaw command and feedback the operating status by communicating with the PLC controller U1.

[0033] Refer to the appendix Figure 3 , when the yaw servo frequency converter receives a left or right yaw command, it determines the yaw direction, determines the maximum yaw rate according to the wind speed, starts yawing, adjusts the yaw rate and torque according to the wind direction deviation angle during yawing, and stops yawing when the yaw command is cancelled.

[0034] Reference appendix Figure 4 In the figure, the abscissa is the wind direction deviation angle α (unit: °), and the ordinate is the yaw rate n (unit: ° / s or r / min). The yaw system undergoes the processes of yaw startup, yaw operation, and yaw stop. When the wind direction deviation angle is greater than α1, the yaw system starts. After startup, it enters the operation stage. When the wind direction deviation angle is less than α2, the yaw system stops. During the yaw process, the yaw speed is determined according to the wind speed. The higher the wind speed, the lower the limit of the yaw rate. This can reduce the load on the yaw system in strong winds, and the relatively fast yaw in light winds can shorten the yaw time. As shown in the figure, during the yaw process, the wind speeds V1 > V2 > V3, and the corresponding yaw rates n3 > n2 > n1. At the same time, during the startup process, in order to ensure the smoothness of the transmission components during startup, the higher the wind speed, the slower the yaw rate rises.

[0035] By adopting the yaw servo frequency conversion system, the present utility model can realize the normal operation of the yaw system even when the communication between the yaw servo driver and the PLC controller is abnormal or cannot be communicated: functions such as startup, stop, operation, mode control, and torque protection; at the same time, real-time monitoring and intervention control of the yaw servo systems of each wind turbine can be completed within the wind farm substation; making the monitoring of the yaw servo frequency conversion system more reliable.

[0036] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present utility model, and any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0037] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A wind turbine yaw system, characterized in that: It includes a yaw servo frequency converter T1, a yaw PLC module U1, a yaw cam switch TS1 and a signal isolating device TG1; the left yaw control port DO1 on the yaw PLC module U1 is connected to the coil of the left yaw control relay K1, and the right yaw control port DO2 of the yaw PLC module U1 is connected to the coil of the right yaw control relay K2; the lower end of TS1-L of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the DI1 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1; the lower end of TS1-R of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the DI2 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1; the lower end of the contact of the left yaw control relay K1 is connected to the DI4 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1, and the lower end of the contact of the right yaw control relay K2 is connected to the DI5 port of the yaw servo frequency converter T1; The wind speed signal of the wind speed sensor FS is connected to the DI1 port of the yaw PLC module U1, and the wind speed signal of the wind speed sensor FS is connected to the DI3 port of the yaw servo inverter T1 through the signal isolation device TG1; The wind direction signal of the wind direction deviation sensor FX is connected to the AI1 port of the yaw PLC module U1, and the wind direction signal of the wind direction deviation sensor FX is connected to the AI1 port of the yaw servo inverter T1 through the signal isolation device TG1; The number of turns signal Sig of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the AI2 port of the yaw PLC module U1, and the number of turns signal Sig of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to the AI2 port of the yaw servo inverter T1 through the signal isolation device TG1; The communication port T of the yaw servo inverter T1 is connected to the communication port T of the yaw PLC module U1 by a communication line.

2. A wind turbine yaw system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the right limit switch contact TS1-R of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to a 24V power supply, and the upper end of the left limit switch contact TS1-L of the yaw cam switch TS1 is connected to a 24V power supply.

3. A wind turbine yaw system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The port TB of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the rotation speed sensor TC1 , the port PI of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the main power supply, and the port group PO of the yaw servo frequency converter T1 is connected to the yaw motor group M.

4. A wind turbine yaw system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The port group PO includes a port PO1, a port PO2, ... a port PO6, and the yaw motor group M includes a yaw motor M1, a yaw motor M2, ... a yaw motor M6.

5. A wind turbine yaw system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The port group PO includes a port PO1, a port PO2, ... a port PO6, and the yaw motor group M includes a yaw motor M1, a yaw motor M2, ... a yaw motor M6.

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