Novel tenon-and-mortise type ecological retaining wall building block and retaining wall

Abstract

The utility model provides a novel tenon-and-mortise type ecological retaining wall building block and a retaining wall, the retaining wall building block comprises a block body and a plurality of tenons, the plurality of tenons are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the block body, the plurality of tenons are uniformly arranged along the width or length direction of the block body, and every two adjacent tenons are fixedly arranged at intervals. Mortises matched with the tenons are formed in the lower surface of the block body, and the tenons and the mortises are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode. According to the building block, the tenons which are arranged at intervals are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the block body, and the mortises corresponding to the tenons are formed in the lower surface of the block body, so that the block body and the tenons of different numbers can be combined into various building blocks for piling up retaining walls, and different building blocks are stacked to form the retaining walls suitable for various side slopes; and the adjacent building blocks are fastened through matching of the tenons and the mortises, so that the lateral displacement resistance of the retaining wall is improved, and the stability of the retaining wall is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological retaining wall blocks, and in particular to a novel mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall block and a retaining wall. Background Art

[0002] At present, various cast-in-place gravity retaining walls, cantilever retaining walls, pile-sheet walls, etc. are mainly used in slope support technology. However, various cast-in-place retaining structures have the following shortcomings in engineering practice:

[0003] First, the on-site construction work is large and quality control is difficult to ensure;

[0004] Second, the construction period is long and the labor cost is high;

[0005] Third, the pure masonry structure is not well coordinated with the surrounding environment and the landscape effect is poor.

[0006] Most retaining wall blocks are either simple hollow blocks in structure, lacking in aesthetics; or the main load-bearing method of the wall relies on the reinforcement behind the wall, which limits its scope of application; or the bearing force conditions are limited, and are only suitable for walls with large inclination angles, and cannot meet the load-bearing requirements of vertical walls or walls with small inclination angles.

[0007] Therefore, in view of the actual needs in the field of slope retaining wall support, it is very necessary to develop a block retaining wall with sufficient supporting capacity, strong drainage capacity, multiple adaptability, and easy later maintenance. Utility Model Content

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a new type of mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall and building blocks, which form different building blocks by setting different numbers of tenons on the blocks, and using different building blocks. The mortise and tenon joints are interlocked with each other, and the building blocks are staggered and stacked to form a stable wall for various slopes, which is easy to construct and has a stable wall structure.

[0009] This application is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A novel mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall block and retaining wall, comprising a block and a plurality of tenons, wherein the plurality of tenons are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the block, the plurality of tenons are evenly arranged along the width or length direction of the block, and two adjacent tenons are fixedly arranged at intervals, and a mortise matching the tenon is provided on the lower surface of the block, and the tenons and the mortise are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0011] As a further limitation of the present invention, the number of the tenons is 2N, where N≥1.

[0012] As a further limitation of the present utility model, a plurality of the tenons are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the block to form 2M tenon rows, where M≥1, and at least one of the tenons is provided in each tenon row.

[0013] As a further limitation of the present utility model, L tenons are provided in each tenon row, L>1, the L tenons are arranged along the width direction of the block, and adjacent two of the tenons are fixedly arranged at intervals.

[0014] As a further limitation of the present utility model, a plurality of water guide grooves are formed on the lower surface of the block, and the plurality of water guide grooves are arranged along the length or width direction of the block.

[0015] As a further limitation of the present utility model, a plurality of water guide holes are arranged on the block, and the plurality of water guide holes are uniformly arranged along the width direction of the block.

[0016] As a further limitation of the present utility model, a novel mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall is also disclosed, which includes building blocks A and B formed by arranging a plurality of tenons on the block. The building blocks A are longitudinally connected to form a wall layer A, the wall layer A is transversely connected to form a first wall body, the building blocks A between adjacent wall layers A are arranged staggeredly with each other, and a first gap is formed between adjacent wall layers A. The building block B is arranged on the first gap, and the first wall bodies are stacked layer by layer.

[0017] As a further limitation of the present utility model, it also includes building blocks C and D formed by arranging a plurality of tenons on the block. The building blocks A between adjacent first wall bodies are arranged staggeredly with each other, and a second gap is formed between adjacent first wall bodies. The building blocks C and D are arranged on the second gap.

[0018] Advantages of the present application:

[0019] (1) In the present utility model, a plurality of tenons are arranged on the upper surface of the block, and mortises matching the tenons are formed on the lower surface. By setting different numbers of tenons, different building blocks are formed. Different building blocks are interlocked with each other through mortise and tenon joints, and the building blocks are stacked staggeredly to form a stable wall body for various slopes, which can be randomly combined according to the actual on-site requirements, with a simple stacking rule, convenient construction, and simple later maintenance and repair.

[0020] (2) The present utility model utilizes the natural gaps formed between the building blocks to drain water in the whole section, effectively solving the problem of collapse caused by the failure of drainage and excessive hydrostatic pressure in traditional retaining walls. At the same time, drainage holes are provided to converge part of the rainwater and accelerate the drainage efficiency. Description of the drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 5 of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 6 of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 7 of the present utility model;

[0028] 1. Block; 2. Tenon; 3. Water guide groove; 4. Block A; 5. Block B; 6. Block C; 7. Block D. Specific embodiments

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Among them, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] It should be noted that all the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0031] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the present application are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present utility model. Embodiment 1

[0032] As shown Figure 1 in the figure, the present application discloses a new type of mortise and tenon ecological retaining wall block. The retaining wall block includes a block body 1 and a plurality of tenons 2. The plurality of tenons 2 are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the block body 1. The plurality of tenons 2 are uniformly arranged along the width or length direction of the block body, and adjacent two tenons 2 are arranged at intervals. An mortise matching with the tenon 2 is formed on the lower surface of the block body 1, and the tenons 2 and the mortises are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. By fixedly arranging a plurality of tenons 2 arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the block body, and forming mortises corresponding to the tenons 2 on the lower surface of the block body 1, the block body 1 can be combined with different numbers of tenons 2 to form a variety of blocks for building retaining walls. By using different blocks for staggered stacking, retaining walls suitable for various slopes can be stacked. And through the cooperation of the tenons 2 and the mortises, adjacent blocks are fastened, improving the anti-lateral displacement ability of the retaining wall and at the same time improving the stability of the retaining wall. And full-section drainage is carried out by using the natural gaps formed between the blocks of the retaining wall, and the infiltrated rainwater can be quickly and effectively discharged, effectively solving the problem of collapse caused by the failure of traditional retaining wall drainage and excessive hydrostatic pressure. At the same time, the blocks can adapt to different topographical and geological conditions through different combination forms, being economical, practical, ecological and beautiful.

[0033] The number of tenons is 2N, N≥1. The 2N tenons are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the block body to form 2M tenon rows, where M≥1, and at least one of the tenons is provided in each tenon row. The tenon rows are set to be even numbers. When using these blocks to stack a retaining wall, when the upper and lower blocks are stacked in a staggered manner, adjacent two blocks can be evenly laid on the lower block, so as to improve the stability of the retaining wall. There are L tenons in each tenon row, L>1, and the L tenons are arranged along the width direction of the block body, and adjacent two tenons are fixedly arranged at intervals.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, eight tenons 2 are provided. The eight tenons 2 are fixedly arranged on the block body 1 to form block A. The eight tenons 2 are divided into two longitudinal columns and four transverse rows. Each longitudinal column is provided with four tenons 2, and each transverse row is provided with two tenons 2. The longitudinal columns are along the length direction of block A, and the transverse rows are along the width direction of block A. Adjacent tenons 2 are arranged at fixed intervals. There are mortises on the lower surface of block A, and eight mortises of block A are provided, which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the tenons 2. In this embodiment, the tenon 2 is a frustum of a pyramid structure, that is, a special trapezoidal prism. Its top surface and bottom surface are both a cube or a cuboid, and the four side surfaces are all trapezoids. The present application does not limit the shape of the tenon 2. Similarly, the mortise is a groove of a frustum of a pyramid, and the mortise can cooperate with the tenon. By setting the tenon 2 as a frustum of a pyramid structure, due to its structure with a small top and a large bottom, the small top makes it easier for the tenon 2 to enter the mortise, and the large bottom makes the contact between the tenon 2 and the block body 1 more stable, avoiding damage to the tenon 2 due to lateral displacement force in a harsh environment.

[0035] Further, in order to improve the construction efficiency, the mortise can be set to be strip-shaped, and the strip-shaped mortise is arranged along the width direction of the block A. That is, one mortise can correspond to two tenons of the block A in the same horizontal direction. That is, the block A only needs to be provided with four mortises. By setting the strip-shaped mortise, it is convenient for the construction workers to buckle the block on another block, thereby improving the construction efficiency.

[0036] Further, in order to improve the drainage rate, a plurality of water guide grooves 3 are opened on the lower surface of the block body, and the water guide grooves 3 are arranged along the length or width direction of the block body. When the water guide groove 3 is arranged horizontally, it can be arranged between two adjacent mortises along the longitudinal direction; when the water guide groove 3 is arranged longitudinally, it can be arranged between two adjacent mortises along the horizontal direction. By setting the water guide groove 3, part of the rainwater is converged, and the drainage efficiency is accelerated.

[0037] Furthermore, a plurality of water guide holes are arranged on the block body, and the plurality of water guide holes are uniformly arranged along the width direction of the block body. A plurality of water guide holes arranged along the length direction of the block body are opened on the side end surface of the block body, which can further increase the drainage capacity of the block body to cope with a more severe environment.

[0038] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the length of the block A is 1600 mm, the width is 800 mm, and the height is 500 mm. The specific parameters of the block A can be adjusted according to the on-site requirements. Embodiment 2

[0039] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment discloses a new type of mortise and tenon ecological retaining wall block and retaining wall. The retaining wall block includes a block body 1 and a plurality of tenons 2. The difference from the embodiment is that four tenons 2 are provided in this embodiment, and the four tenons 2 are fixedly arranged on the block body to form a block B. The four tenons 2 are divided into two vertical columns and two horizontal rows. Each vertical column is provided with two tenons, and each horizontal row is provided with two tenons 2. Four mortises corresponding to the tenons 2 one by one are arranged on the lower surface of the block B. The block B is half of the block A, and the block B can be matched with the block A to build a retaining wall applied to a batter slope, making the retaining wall more complete and stable.

[0040] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the length of the block B is 800 mm, the width is 800 mm, and the height is 500 mm. The specific parameters of the block A can be adjusted according to the on-site requirements. Embodiment 3

[0041] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a new type of mortise-tenon ecological retaining wall block and retaining wall. The retaining wall block includes a block body 1 and a plurality of tenons 2. In this embodiment, four tenons 2 are provided. Different from Embodiment 2, the four tenons 2 form an arrangement and are fixedly arranged along the length direction of the block body 1, thereby forming block C. The length and height of block C are the same as those of block A, and the width of block C is half of that of block A. Block C can cooperate with block A and block B respectively to build a retaining wall applied to a vertical or battered slope, making the retaining wall more complete and stable.

[0042] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the length of block C is 1600 mm, the width is 400 mm, and the height is 500 mm. The parameters of specific block A can be adjusted according to site requirements. Embodiment 4

[0043] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a new type of mortise-tenon ecological retaining wall block and retaining wall. Different from Embodiment 3, in this embodiment, the said tenons 2 are provided as two, and the two tenons 2 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the block body 1, thereby forming block D. Block D is half of block C. Block D can cooperate with block A, block B and block C respectively to build a retaining wall applied to a vertical or battered slope, making the retaining wall more complete and stable.

[0044] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the length of block D is 800 mm, the width is 400 mm, and the height is 500 mm. The parameters of specific block A can be adjusted according to site requirements. Embodiment 5

[0045] As Figure 5As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a new type of mortise and tenon ecological retaining wall. This ecological retaining wall includes wall layer A formed by longitudinally connecting block A and block B. Wall layer A is horizontally connected to form the first wall body. In the first wall body, the block A of adjacent wall layer A is arranged staggeredly with each other, and two wall layer A separated by one wall layer A are arranged opposite to each other. A first notch is formed between the two aligned wall layer A and the wall layer A clamped therebetween. There are a total of four first notches in the first wall body composed of four wall layer A. By arranging block B at the first notch, the first wall body can be kept complete, facilitating subsequent stacking work. Stacking upward from the first wall body to form the second wall body. The block A of the second wall body is fastened to the block A of the second wall body, and the block A of the second wall body is arranged staggeredly with the block A of the first wall body. The block A of the second wall body and the first wall body are arranged staggeredly. Therefore, there is a situation where the block A of the second wall body is simultaneously buckled on the block B and part of the block A of the first wall body, resulting in the first notch formed on the second wall body being different from the first notch on the first wall body. By arranging block B at the first notch of the second wall body, the second wall body is made complete. The complete first wall body and the second wall body are stacked to form the first wall body group, and stacking upward from the first wall body group to form a retaining wall applied to the slope. In this embodiment, in order to make the stacked retaining wall applicable to the inclined slope, when the first wall body group is stacked upward, the upper first wall body group moves backward relative to the lower first wall body group, thereby forming a stepped retaining wall. The stepped retaining wall formed by the cooperation of block A and block B is applicable to the inclined slope and has high stability. Embodiment 6

[0046] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a new type of mortise and tenon ecological retaining wall, which is different from Embodiment 5 in that it further includes block C and block D. In this embodiment, in order to make the stacked retaining wall applicable to the vertical slope, the retaining wall is kept close to the slope. When the first wall body group is stacked upward, to ensure that the blocks between adjacent first wall body groups are arranged staggeredly, there is a second notch between some first wall body groups and the slope. By arranging block C and block D at the second notch, the whole retaining wall is made complete. Specifically, block C is longitudinally connected to form wall layer C. Wall layer C is stacked upward, and the block C of adjacent wall layer C is arranged staggeredly. After two wall layer C are stacked, a third notch is formed between them. In order to make the second wall body group complete, block D is arranged at the third notch to make the second wall body group complete. By arranging the complete second wall body group at the second notch, the formed retaining wall is kept close to the slope, thereby playing a role in supporting the vertical slope. Embodiment 7

[0047] As Figure 7As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a new type of mortise and tenon ecological retaining wall. Different from Embodiment 6, this embodiment forms a retaining wall applied to a battered slope by stacking in the opposite direction to that in Embodiment 6. Specifically, converting the stepped side in Embodiment 6 to the side in contact with the slope can form a retaining wall applied to a battered slope.

[0048] Of course, there can be many other implementation manners of this application. Based on this implementation manner, other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative work belong to the scope protected by this application.

Claims

1. A new type of mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall block, characterized in that: It includes a block and a plurality of tenons, wherein the plurality of tenons are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the block, and two adjacent tenons are arranged at intervals, and the lower surface of the block is provided with mortises that cooperate with the tenons; wherein the lower surface of the block is provided with a plurality of water guide grooves, and the plurality of water guide grooves are arranged along the length or width direction of the block.

2. A novel mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tenon is a quadrangular pyramid structure.

3. The novel mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall block according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are eight tenons, which are fixed on the block to form a building block A. The eight tenons are evenly arranged along the length and width directions of the block. The building block A has a length of 1600 mm, a width of 800 mm, and a height of 500 mm.

4. The novel mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall block according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are four tenons, which are fixed on the block to form a building block B. The four tenons are evenly arranged along the length and width directions of the block. The length of the building block B is 800 mm, the width is 800 mm, and the height is 500 mm.

5. The novel mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall block according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Four tenons are arranged and fixedly arranged on the block along the length direction of the block to form a building block C. The building block C has a length of 1600 mm, a width of 400 mm, and a height of 500 mm.

6. The novel mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall block according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the tenons is two, and the two tenons are spaced apart on the block along the length direction of the block to form a building block D, wherein the building block D has a length of 800 mm, a width of 400 mm, and a height of 500 mm.

7. The novel mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall block according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mortise and tenon are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the mortise is a groove in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid.

8. A new type of mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall, characterized in that: It includes a wall layer A and a building block B formed by connecting blocks A longitudinally, wherein the wall layer A is connected transversely to form a first layer of wall, the building blocks A of adjacent wall layers A are arranged alternately, and a first gap is formed between adjacent wall layers A, the building block B is arranged on the first gap and contacts with the adjacent building blocks A, and the first layer of wall is stacked layer by layer.

9. The novel mortise and tenon type ecological retaining wall according to claim 8 is characterized in that: It also includes building blocks C and building blocks D. The building blocks A of adjacent first-layer walls are arranged alternately, and a second gap is formed between adjacent first-layer walls. The building blocks C and the building blocks D are arranged on the second gap.

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