Platform battery cell, battery module and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a platform battery cell, a battery module and a battery pack. The platform battery cell structurally comprises a battery cell shell, the buffer material part is arranged in the battery cell shell and is used for absorbing size expansion; and the battery cell structure part is arranged in the battery cell shell, the battery cell structure part comprises a positive electrode material, a negative electrode material and an electrolyte, and the sum of the volume of the battery cell structure part and the volume of the buffer material part is a preset volume. The platform battery cell, the battery module and the battery pack can solve the problem of how to realize platform design of the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery packs, and in particular to a platform battery cell, a battery module and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] The new energy vehicle industry is developing rapidly, and how to design the battery pack as a platform is a problem for the entire industry. Due to the difference between high-end and low-end models, the same model needs to be equipped with battery packs of different capacities. Due to differences in wheelbase, track width, and ground clearance, different models need to be equipped with different battery packs. For the same car series, since the voltage platform also needs to be platformized, the number of battery cells in series should be basically the same.

[0003] The existing battery cells are available in various types such as cylindrical, square, and blade, and the battery pack envelope has different options of size, length, height, etc. Although there are many options to choose from and great flexibility, the development difficulty and cost are also extremely high.

[0004] In addition, as the number of cycles of lithium batteries increases, the thickness of the battery cells will gradually increase. Therefore, when designing modules, buffers are usually placed between the batteries to absorb the expansion of the battery cells. The thickness design of the buffer is a major difficulty. Since the buffer is compressible, the dimensional tolerance of the module length direction is difficult to control.

[0005] In summary, how to achieve platform design of battery packs has become an urgent problem to be solved in the industry. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a platform-based battery cell, battery module and battery pack to solve the problem of how to achieve a platform-based design of a battery pack.

[0007] According to the first aspect of the utility model, a platform battery cell is provided, wherein the platform battery cell comprises: a battery cell shell; a buffer material portion, arranged inside the battery cell shell and used to absorb dimensional expansion; and a battery cell structure portion, arranged inside the battery cell shell, the battery cell structure portion comprises positive and negative electrode materials and an electrolyte, and the sum of the volumes of the battery cell structure portion and the buffer material portion is a preset volume.

[0008] Preferably, the buffer material portion is arranged in the middle of the battery cell housing, and the battery cell structure portion is arranged on both sides of the buffer material portion.

[0009] Preferably, the volume of the buffer material portion accounts for 5% to 30% of the preset volume.

[0010] Preferably, the preset volume is the capacity of the battery cell casing.

[0011] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a battery module is provided, wherein the battery module comprises a plurality of platform cells as described above.

[0012] Preferably, the sizes of the plurality of platform cells are the same, and the volume proportions of the buffer material parts in the plurality of platform cells are the same.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a battery pack is provided, wherein the battery pack comprises an outer shell and the battery module as described above, and the battery module is arranged in the outer shell.

[0014] Preferably, there are multiple battery modules, the volumes of the multiple battery modules are the same, and the numbers of platform cells in the multiple battery modules are the same.

[0015] Preferably, the volume proportion of the buffer material parts in the platform cells of the plurality of battery modules is the same.

[0016] Preferably, the battery pack further comprises a filling component, and the filling component is used to fill a gap between the battery module and the outer shell.

[0017] The platformized battery cell, battery module and battery pack of the embodiments of the utility model have a buffer material portion disposed inside the battery cell shell to absorb the size expansion of the platformized battery cell. The battery cell structure portion is disposed inside the battery cell shell. The battery cell structure portion includes positive and negative electrode materials and an electrolyte, and the sum of the volumes of the battery cell structure portion and the buffer material portion is a preset volume, that is, by adjusting the respective volume proportions of the battery cell structure portion and the buffer material portion, the battery cell capacity of the platformized battery cell can be controlled. Such a configuration allows the platformized battery cell to expand inwardly, and the overall size of the platformized battery cell will not change, so that the size of each battery cell in the battery module can be unified, and the size of the battery module in the battery pack can be unified, thereby effectively solving the problem of how to achieve a platformized design of the battery pack.

[0018] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a structure of a platform battery cell according to the utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of another structure of the platform battery cell according to the utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of another structure of the platform battery cell according to the utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a platform battery cell according to the utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to the utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a structure of a battery pack according to the utility model.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of another structure of the battery pack according to the utility model.

[0027] Figure numerals: 1 - battery cell shell; 2 - buffer material part; 3 - battery cell structure part; 4 - outer shell; 100 - platform battery cell; 200 - battery module; 300 - battery pack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following specific embodiments are provided to help the reader obtain a comprehensive understanding of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein. However, after understanding the disclosure of the present application, various changes, modifications and equivalents of the methods, devices and / or systems described herein will be apparent. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely an example, and is not limited to the order set forth herein, but in addition to the operations that must occur in a particular order, changes that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application may be made. In addition, in order to improve clarity and brevity, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0029] The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided only to illustrate some of the many possible ways of implementing the methods, devices and / or systems described herein that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application.

[0030] Throughout the specification, when an element (such as a layer, a region, or a substrate) is described as being “on”, “connected to”, “bound to”, “over”, or “covering” another element, it may be directly “on”, “connected to”, “bound to”, “over”, or “covering” another element, or one or more other elements may be present between them. In contrast, when an element is described as being “directly on”, “directly connected to”, “directly bound to”, “directly over”, or “directly covering” another element, there may be no other elements present between them.

[0031] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more items.

[0032] Although terms such as "first," "second," and "third" may be used herein to describe various members, components, regions, layers, or portions, these members, components, regions, layers, or portions are not limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one member, component, region, layer, or portion from another member, component, region, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, the first member, component, region, layer, or portion referred to may also be referred to as the second member, component, region, layer, or portion.

[0033] For ease of description, spatial relational terms such as "above", "upper", "below", and "lower" may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element to another element as shown in the accompanying drawings. Such spatial relational terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the accompanying drawings. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is turned over, an element described as being "above" or "upper" relative to another element will subsequently be "below" or "lower" relative to the other element. Therefore, the term "above" includes both "above" and "below" orientations depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be positioned in other ways (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relational terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0034] The terms used herein are only used to describe various examples and are not used to limit the examples. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. The terms "include", "comprising" and "having" list the existence of the stated features, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or their combinations, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements and / or their combinations.

[0035] Variations in the shapes shown in the drawings may occur due to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes shown in the drawings but include variations in shapes that occur during manufacturing.

[0036] The features of the examples described herein may be combined in various ways that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application. In addition, although the examples described herein have various configurations, other configurations are possible as will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of the present application.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, according to a first aspect of the present utility model, a platform battery cell 100 is provided. The platform battery cell 100 includes a battery cell shell 1 , a buffer material portion 2 and a battery cell structure portion 3 .

[0038] In the following description, reference will be made to Figures 1 to 4 The specific structures of the above components of the platform battery cell 100 and the connection relationship of the above components are described in detail.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in an embodiment, the buffer material part 2 can be arranged inside the battery cell shell 1 to absorb the size expansion of the platform battery cell 100. The battery cell structure part 3 can be arranged inside the battery cell shell 1. The battery cell structure part 3 may include positive and negative electrode materials and an electrolyte. Preferably, the sum of the volumes of the battery cell structure part 3 and the buffer material part 2 can be a preset volume, that is, the sum of the volumes of the battery cell structure part 3 and the buffer material part 2 is a fixed value, and the battery capacity of the platform battery cell 100 can be controlled by adjusting the respective volume proportions of the battery cell structure part 3 and the buffer material part 2. In this way, the platform battery cell 100 can expand inwardly, and the overall size of the platform battery cell 100 will not change. In addition, the size of the battery module 200 can be unified to realize the platform design of the battery pack 300.

[0040] Specifically, Figures 1 to 4As shown, in an embodiment, the platform cell 100 may be a lithium blade cell. The cell housing 1 may be a rectangular housing, and the buffer material portion 2 and the cell structure portion 3 are both arranged in the cell housing 1. The size of the cell housing 1 may be designed according to the requirements of the platform battery pack and based on the voltage platform and the maximum power requirement. As the lithium cell is used, the thickness gradually increases with the increase in the number of cycles. If a buffer for absorbing expansion is provided between the cells, it is difficult to control the dimensional tolerance of the battery module in the length direction. Therefore, the platform cell 100 sets the buffer material portion 2 inside to absorb the dimensional expansion generated during the cell cycle. With such a setting, it is not necessary to place additional buffer material on the outside of the platform cell 100. As the number of cell cycles increases, the platform cell 100 expands inside, squeezing the internal buffer material portion 2, and the platform cell 100 expands inward as a whole, which is different from the outward expansion of the traditional cell. The overall size of the platform cell 100 itself will not change throughout its life cycle. This ensures that the design of the battery module 200 is not affected by factors such as the design of the cell gap and the selection of buffer materials.

[0041] Preferably, Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in an embodiment, the buffer material portion 2 can be arranged in the center of the interior of the battery cell housing 1. The battery cell structure portion 3 can be arranged on both sides of the buffer material portion 2. In this way, when the platform battery cell 100 expands inward, the buffer material portion 2 can absorb the size expansion more evenly. Preferably, the buffer material portion 2 may include silicon foam. The battery cell structure portion 3 includes positive and negative electrode materials and an electrolyte, and the positive and negative electrode materials may be metal oxides and graphite. A diaphragm may be provided between the buffer material portion 2 and the battery cell structure portion 3.

[0042] Preferably, Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in an embodiment, the preset volume can be the volume of the battery cell shell 1. That is, when the volume of the battery cell shell 1 is fixed, the battery capacity of the platform battery cell 100 can be adjusted by adjusting the volume ratio of the battery cell structure part 3 and the buffer material part 2. In order to ensure that each platform battery cell 100 has the same size, the amount of electricity it can store is different. Specifically, when the volume ratio of the battery cell structure part 3 in the battery cell shell 1 increases and the volume ratio of the buffer material part 2 decreases, the battery capacity of the platform battery cell 100 increases. When the volume ratio of the battery cell structure part 3 in the battery cell shell 1 decreases and the volume ratio of the buffer material part 2 increases, the battery capacity of the platform battery cell 100 decreases.

[0043] Without limitation to this, in the embodiment, the preset volume is the volume of the battery cell housing 1, which is only one case in the embodiment, and the preset volume may also be other cases. For example: according to the requirements of the platform battery pack and the requirements based on the voltage platform and the maximum power, the battery cell with the maximum capacity and size can be designed as the reference battery cell, and the battery cell housing of the reference battery cell reserves a part of the volume to set the buffer material part, and the volume of the battery cell housing other than the reserved part is used as the preset volume. That is, the reference battery cell is used as the design reference, and the battery cell structure part and the buffer material part are installed in the preset volume part.

[0044] More preferably, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the embodiment, the volume of the buffer material portion 2 may account for 5% to 30% of the preset volume. Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the volume of the buffer material portion 2 accounts for 5% of the preset volume. Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the volume of the buffer material portion 2 accounts for 15% of the preset volume. Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment, the volume proportion of the buffer material part 2 is 25% of the preset volume. Such a configuration can avoid the volume proportion of the buffer material part 2 in the battery cell housing 1 being too small, resulting in insufficient absorption of the size expansion of the platform battery cell 100, or the volume proportion of the buffer material part 2 in the battery cell housing 1 being too large, resulting in insufficient battery capacity of the platform battery cell 100.

[0045] In addition, if Figure 5 As shown, according to the second aspect of the present invention, a battery module 200 is provided, and the battery module 200 includes a plurality of platform cells 100 as described above. The plurality of platform cells 100 are conductively connected to each other to form the battery module 200.

[0046] Preferably, Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in an embodiment, the sizes of the plurality of platformized cells 100 may be the same. That is, regardless of the volume ratio of the buffer material part 2 in the platformized cell 100, the sizes of the platformized cells 100 in the same battery module 200 are the same. More preferably, the volume ratio of the buffer material part 2 in the plurality of platformized cells 100 is the same. That is, the platformized cells 100 of the same specification are used in the same battery module 200. Such a setting can avoid the different charging and discharging conditions of the platformized cells 100 inside the battery module 200 during use. In addition, preferably, the sizes of the platformized cells 100 in different battery modules 200 may be the same, thereby realizing the platformization of the battery module 200, that is, the sizes of different battery modules 200 are the same, and by controlling the cell capacity specifications of the platformized cells 100 in the battery module 200, the power of the battery module 200 is indirectly controlled.

[0047] In addition, if Figures 1 to 7 As shown, according to the third aspect of the present invention, a battery pack 300 is provided, the battery pack 300 comprises an outer shell 4 and the battery module 200 as described above. The battery module 200 is installed in the outer shell 4.

[0048] Preferably, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in an embodiment, the battery pack 300 includes a plurality of battery modules 200, and the plurality of battery modules 200 are installed in an outer shell 4. The volumes of the plurality of battery modules 200 may be the same, and the number of platform cells 100 in the plurality of battery modules 200 may be the same. Preferably, in the same battery pack 300, the volume proportion of the buffer material portion 2 in the platform cells 100 of the plurality of battery modules 200 is the same, that is, the same battery pack 300 uses platform cells 100 with the same cell capacity specifications to avoid inconsistent power conditions of each platform cell 100.

[0049] In addition, preferably, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in the embodiment, the size of the outer shell 4 of different battery packs 300 may be different. Figure 6 As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the length of the battery pack 300 is a first length. Figure 7 As shown in the embodiment, the length of the battery pack 300 is the second length. The second length is greater than the first length, that is, the length of the outer shell 4 of the battery pack 300 of the second length is greater than the length of the outer shell 4 of the battery pack 300 of the first length. In addition, a battery pack 300 of a third length (not shown) may also be provided, and the third length is greater than the second length. Battery packs 300 of various lengths can be suitable for the needs of various vehicle models. More preferably, in an embodiment, the first length may be 2050 mm, the second length may be 2140 mm, and the third length may be 2230 mm.

[0050] Further, preferably, in the embodiment, the number and size of the battery modules 200 set in the battery packs 300 of various lengths may be the same. The battery pack 300 may also include a filling component, which is used to fill the gap between the battery module 200 and the outer shell 4. Specifically, the material of the filling component may be EPP (expanded polypropylene). The shape of the filling component may be adaptively adjusted according to the shape of the gap. Preferably, the volume proportion of the buffer material part 2 in the battery pack 300 of the first length may be 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%. The volume proportion of the buffer material part 2 in the battery pack 300 of the second length may be 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%. The volume proportion of the buffer material part 2 in the battery pack 300 of the third length may be 5%, 10%, 20%. In this way, the battery packs 300 of the three lengths can be well adapted to the corresponding vehicle models, avoiding the situation where the battery pack 300 is insufficient in use.

[0051] During use, the size of the cell shell 1 is fixed, and the cell capacity of the platform cell 100 can be controlled by controlling the proportion of the buffer material part 2 and the cell structure part 3 in the cell shell 1. In this way, a platform cell 100 with the same volume but different cell capacity can be obtained. Under the same voltage platform, a battery module 200 with the same volume and voltage but different power can be obtained. After different battery modules 200 are placed in an outer shell 4 of the same specification size, a series of battery packs 300 with the same voltage and volume but different capacities can be obtained. After different battery modules 200 are placed in outer shells 4 of different specifications and sizes, platformized battery packs 300 of different lengths and powers can be obtained. Parts other than the platform cell 100 in the battery pack 300 can be shared. In this way, the same cell production line can produce platform cells 100 of different capacity specifications. The module production line can realize the co-production of battery modules 200 of different capacities by only replacing the platform cell 100. The production of the battery pack 300 is also platform-based due to the platformization of the battery module 200, thereby shortening the development cycle and saving development costs.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the present application, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A platform battery cell, characterized in that: The platform battery cell comprises: Battery cell housing; a buffer material portion, disposed inside the battery cell housing and used to absorb dimensional expansion; and The battery core structure part is arranged inside the battery core shell, and the battery core structure part includes positive and negative electrode materials and an electrolyte. The sum of the volumes of the battery core structure part and the buffer material part is a preset volume.

2. The platform battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer material portion is disposed in the middle of the battery cell housing, and the battery cell structure portion is disposed on both sides of the buffer material portion.

3. The platform battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The volume of the buffer material portion accounts for 5% to 30% of the preset volume.

4. The platform battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preset volume is the capacity of the battery cell casing.

5. A battery module, characterized in that: The battery module comprises a plurality of platform cells according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sizes of the plurality of platform cells are the same, and the volume proportions of the buffer material parts in the plurality of platform cells are the same.

7. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack includes an outer shell and the battery module according to claim 6, and the battery module is arranged in the outer shell.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are multiple battery modules, the volumes of the multiple battery modules are the same, and the numbers of platform cells in the multiple battery modules are the same.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The volume proportion of the buffer material parts in the platform cells of the plurality of battery modules is the same.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery pack further includes a filling component, and the filling component is used to fill a gap between the battery module and the outer shell.

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