Energy storage device and electric vehicle thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and discloses an energy storage device and an electric vehicle thereof. The energy storage device comprises: a device body in which an accommodating space is formed; a plurality of connection ports; the battery pack consists of a plurality of battery cells and is fixed in the accommodating space; the circuit board is integrated with a plurality of functional circuits and is fixed in the accommodating space; wherein the connection port comprises a charging port; the functional circuit comprises a battery management circuit, a control circuit and a charging circuit; the charging circuit is configured to draw electric energy from the charging port to charge the battery pack; the battery management circuit is configured to obtain battery parameters of the battery cells and manage the running state of the battery pack; the control circuit is in communication connection with the charging circuit and the battery management circuit. The three functional circuits are integrated on the circuit board, so that the control circuit can obtain the current running state of the battery pack, and on the other hand, the compatibility with a charger is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and in particular to an energy storage device and an electric vehicle thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy technologies, electric vehicles that use electricity as energy (for example, electric scooters) have been widely used around the world because of their convenience, environmental protection and high efficiency. They are used as short-distance transportation tools for urban commuting, leisure and entertainment, and tourism.

[0003] Since electric vehicles have significant differences in design, battery capacity, charging speed and usage requirements, different types of electric vehicles usually require chargers with different output voltages, output currents, charging modes and interface types. Dedicated chargers for specific electric vehicles cause great inconvenience to the daily use of electric vehicles, especially when users own a wide variety of electric vehicles.

[0004] In addition, in small electric vehicles, there is a lack of connection between the energy storage device that stores electrical energy and the control system of the electric vehicle. The control system cannot effectively obtain the operating status of the energy storage device, which poses certain safety risks. Especially when the energy storage device uses lithium batteries with high energy density. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides an energy storage device and an electric vehicle thereof, which can at least partially solve the defects of poor charger compatibility and lack of safety assurance existing in traditional small electric vehicles.

[0006] In the first aspect, the embodiment of the utility model provides an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes: a device body with a storage space formed inside; a plurality of connection ports are arranged on the surface of the device body; a battery pack composed of a plurality of cells, and the battery pack is fixed in the storage space; a circuit board with a plurality of functional circuits integrated; the circuit board is fixed in the storage space; wherein the connection port includes: a charging port; the functional circuit includes: a battery management circuit, a control circuit and a charging circuit; the charging circuit is configured to: draw power from the charging port to charge one or more cells in the battery pack; the battery management circuit is configured to: obtain the battery parameters of the cell and manage the operating state of the battery pack; the control circuit is respectively connected to the charging circuit and the battery management circuit.

[0007] Optionally, the device body includes: a shell, a battery holder and an insulating layer; wherein the shell has a first inner surface and a second inner surface opposite to each other in the thickness direction, the battery holder is fixed to the first inner surface and is located inside the shell; the battery pack is accommodated and fixed in the battery holder; the circuit board is located between the battery holder and the second inner surface; the insulating layer covers the surface of the circuit board and is located between the circuit board and the second inner surface.

[0008] Optionally, the device body also includes: a heat-conducting component; wherein the heat-conducting component covers the first area of ​​the circuit board and fills the gap between the first area of ​​the circuit board and the second inner surface; the insulating layer is provided with a first through hole adapted to the size of the heat-conducting component.

[0009] Optionally, the shell includes: a main shell extending along the axial direction; the main shell having a first opening end and a second opening end opposite to each other in the axial direction; a first cover plate; the first cover plate is detachably fixed to the first opening end; a second cover plate; the second cover plate is detachably fixed to the second opening end; wherein the connection port is arranged on the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate.

[0010] Optionally, the charging port is an interface that complies with the Type-C standard; the charging circuit includes: an induction unit, configured to trigger a charger connected to the charging port to provide a preset first target voltage; a boost unit, configured to convert the first target voltage into a second target voltage; and an electric energy conversion unit; the electric energy conversion unit has at least one switch tube, configured to control the on-time and off-time of the switch tube according to a switch control signal of the control circuit, so that the second target voltage is converted into the target electric energy.

[0011] Optionally, the electric energy conversion unit includes: a switch tube, an inductor, a first capacitor network, a first diode, a second diode, a Zener diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor; wherein the control end of the switch tube is connected to the control circuit through the first resistor to receive the switch control signal; the control end of the switch tube is also connected to the reference ground through the second resistor; the first connection end of the switch tube is connected to the power supply node through the first capacitor network; the second connection end of the switch tube is connected to the reference ground through the third resistor and the first capacitor connected in series; one end of the inductor is connected to the power supply node; the power supply node provides the second target voltage; the other end of the inductor is connected to the second connection end of the switch tube; the first diode and the second diode are connected in parallel to form a negative connection node and a positive connection node; the negative connection node is connected to the second connection end of the switch tube and the other end of the inductor; the positive connection node is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack; the positive electrode of the second diode is also connected to the reference ground through the second capacitor; the Zener diode is connected between the positive electrode of the battery pack and the negative electrode of the battery pack; the negative electrode of the Zener diode is connected to the reference ground through the fourth resistor, and is connected to the charging detection end through the fifth resistor; the charging detection end is connected to the control circuit to provide a voltage signal proportional to the charging current.

[0012] Optionally, the charging circuit also includes: a second capacitor network and a third capacitor network; wherein the second capacitor network is connected between the positive connection node and the reference ground; the third capacitor network is connected between the positive electrode of the battery pack and the negative electrode of the battery pack; the first capacitor network, the second capacitor network and the third capacitor network are formed by a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel.

[0013] Optionally, the switch tube is a MOS tube; the first connection end is formed by connecting a plurality of source pins in parallel; the second connection end is formed by connecting a plurality of drain pins in parallel; the control end is a gate pin; the first diode and the second diode are both Schottky diodes.

[0014] Optionally, the battery management circuit includes: a battery protection chip, a battery cell sampling unit, a first protection switch, a second protection switch, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor, wherein the battery protection chip includes: a plurality of battery cell sampling terminals, an overcurrent detection terminal, a first protection output terminal, a second protection output terminal, and a load detection terminal; one of the battery cell sampling terminals is connected to the positive electrode of one of the battery cells through a battery cell sampling unit; the overcurrent detection terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack through the sixth resistor; the load detection terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack through the seventh resistor; the first protection switch, the second protection switch and the eighth resistor are all arranged on the negative bus of the battery pack; the first protection output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first protection switch, and the second protection output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second protection switch; the connection node between the first protection switch and the second protection switch is also connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack through the ninth resistor.

[0015] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the utility model further provides an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle comprises: a vehicle body; a motor mounted on the vehicle body; and the energy storage device as described above; wherein the energy storage device is electrically connected to the motor to provide electrical energy to the motor; and the motor is configured to: convert the electrical energy into kinetic energy to drive the vehicle body to move.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the energy storage device and its electric vehicle provided by the embodiments of the utility model are as follows: a charging circuit for charging the battery pack, a battery management circuit for managing the operating status of the battery pack, and a control circuit for performing logic operations are integrated into a circuit board in the energy storage device, and an electrical connection is established between these circuits. On the one hand, this allows the control circuit to obtain the current operating status of the battery pack through the battery management circuit, and on the other hand, it also improves the compatibility with the charger, and there is no need to configure an additional dedicated charger to provide the battery pack with a suitable charging current and / or charging voltage during charging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by corresponding drawings, which do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations unless otherwise stated.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of one viewing angle of the energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another viewing angle of the energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a charging port that complies with the Type-C standard provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a functional block diagram of a circuit board provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 is a functional block diagram of a charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the electric energy conversion unit provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a circuit schematic diagram of a power management circuit provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a circuit principle diagram of the insertion detection unit provided in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] Device body 10; battery pack 20; circuit board 30;

[0029] Shell 11; main shell 111; first cover plate 112; second cover plate 113;

[0030] Battery holder 12; insulation layer 13; heat conducting component 14;

[0031] Battery management circuit 41; control circuit 42;

[0032] Charging circuit 43; induction unit 431; boost unit 432; power conversion unit 433;

[0033] Burning software port 51; Bluetooth control port 52; Display communication port 53; Connection port 54 for controlling the electronic vehicle brake power off; Membrane switch connection port 55, connection port 56 for receiving motor temperature signal; Charging port 57;

[0034] Type-C interface 571 ; connecting cable 572 ; connecting terminal 573 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like used in this specification indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model. Terms such as "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated; thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; "multiple" means two or more; "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of the energy storage device of the embodiment of the utility model. It can have different structural implementation forms according to different actual application scenarios, and the embodiment of the utility model does not limit the arrangement of the component structure of the energy storage device. Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage device includes: a device body 10 , a battery pack 20 and a circuit board 30 .

[0038] The device body 10 is the main structure of the entire energy storage device, and a receiving space of a specific shape and size is formed inside the device to place the battery pack 20 and the circuit board 30 to provide protection.

[0039] The device body 10 can be set to any suitable size and shape according to the actual needs to adapt to the placement requirements of different electronic carriers. Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage device may be roughly in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0040] A plurality of connection ports are provided on the surface of the device body 10 to realize signal and power transmission between the energy storage device and external electrical equipment (eg, a motor), etc. The number and form of the connection ports provided specifically can be determined according to actual needs.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the connection ports provided on the device body 10 may include: a software burning port 51, a Bluetooth control port 52, a display communication port 53, a connection port 54 for controlling the braking and power-off of the electronic vehicle, a membrane switch connection port 55 for controlling the start of the electronic vehicle, a connection port 56 for receiving a motor temperature signal, and a charging port 57.

[0042] For example, Figure 3 It is shown that the connection ports 57 are set to three, which is adapted to the use scenario of the three-phase motor. The three connection ports 57 can be used to receive the U-phase, V-phase and W-phase motor temperature signals respectively.

[0043] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The device body 10 includes: a shell 11, a battery holder 12 and an insulating layer 13.

[0044] The housing 11 is a protective structure made of a solid material. The interior of the housing 11 is hollow and forms a receiving space, which can protect the devices and functional units in the receiving space from physical damage, environmental impact and potential dangers.

[0045] In this embodiment, the term "thickness direction" is used to indicate the direction in which the thickness of the housing 11 extends, which is the direction from one side surface to the other side surface of the housing, perpendicular to the surface of the housing. For example, Figure 1 When the housing 11 shown is substantially in the shape of a cuboid, the thickness direction may be the height direction y of the cuboid.

[0046] The surface of the shell 11 facing the external space can be called the outer surface, and the surface of the shell 11 enclosing the above-mentioned accommodation space can be called the inner surface. For the convenience of description, the two inner surfaces of the shell 11 opposite to each other in the thickness direction can be called the "first inner surface S1" and the "second inner surface S2" below.

[0047] For details, please continue to refer to Figure 1 The housing 11 includes: a main housing 111 , a first cover plate 112 and a second cover plate 113 .

[0048] The main housing 111 is a hollow structure with two openings at both ends and extending a predetermined distance along the axis direction. The two opposite opening ends of the main housing 111 in the axis direction can be respectively referred to as a "first opening end" and a "second opening end".

[0049] The first cover plate 112 and the second cover plate 113 are detachably fixed to the first opening end and the second opening end of the main housing 111 by suitable fasteners, and enclose the main housing 111 to form a relatively independent and closed accommodation space. Figure 1The embodiment of the present invention shows the use of several screws as fasteners. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that any other suitable type of fastening connection, such as a snap-on connection, may also be used.

[0050] The multiple connection ports provided on the device body 10 can be arranged at the positions of the first cover plate 112 and / or the second cover plate 113 to facilitate the establishment of connection with external devices and provide convenience for the routing of connection cables.

[0051] The battery holder 12 is a component for accommodating and fixing the battery pack, and can be fixed inside the housing in any suitable manner, and closely attached to the first inner surface S1.

[0052] Preferably, the housing 11 may have a width substantially equal to the length of the battery cell of the battery pack, and the battery holder 12 may be divided into two parts. One part forms a through hole adapted to the size of the positive electrode of the battery cell, and the other part forms a through hole adapted to the size of the negative electrode of the battery cell. Thus, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery cell pass through the through hole and are fixed on the battery holder 12, so that the battery cell is stably and reliably fixed inside the housing 11.

[0053] The circuit board 30 carrying and integrating the functional circuit can be arranged in the gap between the battery holder 12 and the second inner surface S2. The insulating layer 13 is covered on the surface of the circuit board 30 and is located between the circuit board 30 and the second inner surface S2, playing a good insulating role to prevent the circuit board 30 from short circuiting and other problems.

[0054] Preferably, the circuit board 30 usually has an area with a larger heat generation (for example, an area where the switch tubes are concentrated). To improve the heat dissipation effect, please continue to refer to Figure 1 The device body may further include: a heat conducting component 14.

[0055] The heat-conducting component 14 is a structural component with a certain thickness and good heat conductivity. It covers a part of the circuit board and plays a role of filling the gap between the circuit board and the second inner surface. In this embodiment, the term "first area" is used to represent the area covered by the heat-conducting component 14 and having a large heat generation.

[0056] Correspondingly, a first through hole 13 a matching the size of the heat-conducting component 14 is formed on the insulating layer 13 to allow the heat-conducting component 14 to pass through the insulating layer 13 .

[0057] The energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the utility model can use the additional heat-conducting component 14 to quickly transfer the heat from the area with higher heat generation in the circuit board to the surface of the shell 11 through contact heat dissipation, rather than heat dissipation through air radiation, thereby effectively improving the thermal conductivity.

[0058] In other embodiments, the circuit board 30 integrating multiple functional circuits may have one or more chips packaged in a specific form soldered thereto. Some chips may have a relatively large thickness and protrude significantly from the surface of the circuit board 30 .

[0059] Correspondingly, another second through hole 13b may be further provided on the insulating layer 13. The second through hole 13b is provided at a position corresponding to a chip with a larger thickness, so as to avoid the chip.

[0060] Specifically, the insulating layer 13 is highland barley paper, and the heat-conducting component 14 is a block structure formed by heat-conducting silica gel, which has the characteristics of heat conduction and insulation. The housing 11 can be made of a heat-conducting metal with good thermal conductivity (for example, aluminum alloy) to provide sufficient heat dissipation capacity.

[0061] The battery pack 20 is a component that can store electrical energy in the form of chemical energy to meet the power needs of other devices or systems. It can be formed by combining a number of single batteries (also referred to as "battery cells" in other embodiments) through a certain connection method to output sufficient voltage to the outside. In this embodiment, the battery pack 20 is installed and fixed inside the receiving space formed by the device body 10.

[0062] The circuit board 30 is a component that carries and integrates multiple functional circuits. It can be composed of a circuit board and a number of electronic components integrated on the circuit board. Different functional circuits can cooperate and work together to achieve the goal of the electronic system of the energy storage device. In the present utility model, the term "functional circuit" is used to represent a basic building block or electronic circuit that realizes a specific function or task in an electronic system.

[0063] Figure 5 This is a functional block diagram of the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the utility model. Figure 5 As shown, the functional circuits on the circuit board may include: a battery management circuit 41 , a control circuit 42 and a charging circuit 43 .

[0064] The battery management circuit 41 is an electronic circuit for monitoring and managing the battery status. It obtains the battery parameters of one or more cells in the battery pack and manages the operating status of the battery pack, thereby ensuring that the battery pack operates under safe, reliable and efficient conditions, extending the life of the battery pack and optimizing its performance.

[0065] Specifically, the battery management circuit 41 can be configured to have corresponding functions for managing the operating status of the battery pack according to actual needs, including but not limited to: voltage detection, current detection, temperature detection, power metering, balanced charging and protection functions.

[0066] The control circuit 42 is an electronic circuit used to receive electronic data information, perform logical operations and execute one or more control tasks, and output corresponding control signals, so that the various functional circuits of the electronic system can operate in an orderly manner according to the designed method, serving as the control core of the entire electronic system.

[0067] Specifically, the control circuit 42 can be implemented by a microcontroller unit (MCU), a single chip computer (SoC), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD) according to actual needs.

[0068] The charging circuit 43 is an electronic circuit with power conversion capability and can provide a suitable charging current or charging voltage for the battery pack. It can convert the initial power provided by the external power source into the target power required for charging the battery cells of the battery pack, so that the charging of the battery pack can be carried out reliably and stably.

[0069] In actual use, at least one connection port provided on the device body is a charging port 57. The charging port 57 is connected to an external power source (e.g., a charger) so that the power of the external power source is provided to the charging circuit 43. The charging circuit 43 draws initial power from the charging port 44, converts it into the voltage or current required at the moment, and then provides it to the battery pack 20 to charge the battery pack 20.

[0070] The charging circuit 43 is in communication with the control circuit 42, and can convert the initial electric energy into the current or voltage required in the current charging mode under the control of the control circuit 42. For example, in the constant current charging mode, it provides the required current, or in the constant voltage charging mode, it provides the required charging voltage.

[0071] The control circuit 42 may also establish a communication connection with the battery management circuit 41 to obtain battery parameters collected by the battery management circuit 41 and thereby maintain monitoring of the battery pack to ensure reliable and safe operation of the battery pack.

[0072] The energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the utility model integrates the charging circuit 43 on the circuit board, which can realize the conversion of initial electric energy, thereby improving the compatibility with the charger, and there is no need to use an additional dedicated charger to provide the current and voltage required for charging the battery pack.

[0073] In addition, a battery management circuit 41 is further integrated on the circuit board of the energy storage device, and a communication connection is established between the battery management circuit 41 and the control circuit 42, so that the control circuit 42 can understand and know the charging / discharging status of the battery pack in real time, and respond quickly when an abnormal situation occurs, thereby ensuring the reliable and safe operation of the electronic system.

[0074] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the charging port can adopt an interface that complies with the Type-C standard, thereby providing good compatibility and convenience for users.

[0075] In this embodiment, "an interface that complies with the Type-C standard" means that the interface complies with the hardware interface specification of Type-C and can allow the Type-C interface to be inserted.

[0076] Among them, Figure 4 As shown, the charging port may include: a Type-C connector 571 , a connecting cable 572 and a connecting terminal 573 .

[0077] The Type-C connector is a connector adapted to the Type-C interface of an external device. The connecting cable 572 establishes an electrical connection between the connecting terminal 573 and the Type-C connector 571. The connecting terminal 573 is a terminal that establishes an electrical connection with other subsequent functional circuits.

[0078] The connecting cable 572 can be set to any suitable length according to the actual needs, and is not specifically limited here. The number of pins provided by the connecting terminal 573 can also be set according to the actual needs.

[0079] For example, the connection terminal 573 may be a 4-pin terminal, 2 of which are used to achieve power transmission, and the other 2 pins are set as empty pins.

[0080] exist Figure 4 The example in the specification shows that the charging port only has the power transmission (PD) function, but those skilled in the art can understand that it can also selectively have other or all functions of the Type-C interface according to the actual needs and is not limited to the functions in the appendix of the specification. Figure 4 What is shown.

[0081] like Figure 6 As shown, the charging circuit 43 includes: an induction unit 431 , a boost unit 432 and an electric energy conversion unit 433 .

[0082] The induction unit 431 is an electronic circuit for causing the charger connected to the charging port to provide a preset first target voltage. In this embodiment, it is referred to as a "unit" because it is a functional module of a charging circuit.

[0083] Type-C is a widely used connection standard, and its charger can output multiple voltages (such as 5V, 9V, 12V, 20V, etc.). Therefore, the induction unit 431 is set to ensure that the charger provides the correct voltage to improve the compatibility of the energy storage device with the charger.

[0084] Specifically, the induction unit 431 can induce the charger to output the required voltage by applying a specific resistance value or voltage signal to a specific pin of the Type-C connection port. For example, the induction unit 431 can be a resistor with a specific resistance value connected to the CC pin of the Type-C connection port, so that the charger can recognize and output the required 5V voltage.

[0085] The boost unit 432 is an electronic circuit for boosting voltage and is disposed before the power conversion unit 433 to boost the first target voltage to the second target voltage, thereby meeting the actual use requirements of the power conversion unit 433 .

[0086] In this embodiment, the first target voltage and the second target voltage can be set according to actual needs and are only used to distinguish two different voltage values. For example, the first target voltage can be 5V and the second target voltage can be 12.6V.

[0087] Alternatively, the boost unit 432 may also be integrated into the power conversion unit 433 as a part of the power conversion unit 433 .

[0088] The power conversion unit 433 is a current / voltage conversion circuit based on the on / off state change of the switch tube, using the energy storage and filtering functions of capacitors and inductors. It has at least one switch tube, which can control the on time and off time of the switch tube according to the switch control signal received from the control circuit, thereby converting the second target voltage into target power. In this embodiment, the target power can be a voltage or current with a specific value.

[0089] In order to fully illustrate the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the following is combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the specific implementation and working principle of the battery management circuit 41 and the charging circuit 43 are described in detail.

[0090] Figure 7 The circuit diagram of the charging circuit 43 provided in the embodiment of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the charging circuit 43 includes: a switch tube M, an inductor L, a first capacitor network 431, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a second capacitor network 432, a Zener diode Z, a third capacitor network 433, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2.

[0091] The control end of the switch tube M is connected to the control circuit 42 through the first resistor R1, and receives the switch control signal from the control circuit 42. The control end of the switch tube M is also connected to the reference ground GND through the second resistor R2.

[0092] The first connection end of the switch tube M is connected to the power supply node VBUS through the first capacitor network 431. The power supply node VBUS refers to a node with a second target voltage, for example, the output end of the boost unit 432.

[0093] One end of the inductor L is connected to the power supply node VBUS, and the other end of the inductor L is connected to the second connection end of the switch tube M. The second connection end of the switch tube M is also connected to the reference ground GND through the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1 connected in series.

[0094] The first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are connected in parallel to provide a freewheeling path for the energy stored in the inductor L when the switch tube M is turned off. The cathode connection node of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 connected in parallel is connected to the inductor L and the second connection end of the switch tube M. The anode connection node of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 connected in parallel is connected to the positive electrode BAT+ of the battery pack to charge the battery pack.

[0095] The positive connection node of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 connected in parallel is also connected to the reference ground GND through the second capacitor C2. The high-frequency ripple caused by the switching of the inductor L, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 can be filtered out by the second capacitor C2. The second capacitor network 432 is connected between the positive electrode BAT+ of the battery pack and the reference ground GND. Through the filtering and energy storage functions of the capacitor network, the stability of the output voltage provided to the positive electrode BAT+ of the battery pack can be ensured.

[0096] The Zener diode Z is connected between the positive electrode BAT+ and the negative electrode BAT- of the battery pack, which can provide voltage clamping and overvoltage protection functions to prevent the battery pack from being overcharged. The third capacitor network 433 is also connected between the positive electrode BAT+ and the negative electrode BAT- of the battery pack to achieve filtering, decoupling and voltage smoothing.

[0097] One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the reference ground GND, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode Z, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is also connected to the charging detection end through the fifth resistor R5.

[0098] Through the charging current detection unit composed of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, a voltage proportional to the charging current of the battery pack is formed at the charging detection end. Therefore, the current sampling pin of the control circuit 42 can be connected to the charging detection end to obtain the current charging current of the battery pack and generate a corresponding switch control signal accordingly, manage and control the on and off time of the switch tube M, and ensure that the battery pack can be charged in the set mode.

[0099] For details, please continue to refer to Figure 7 The capacitor network may be composed of a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel. The first capacitor network 431 may be composed of two capacitors connected in parallel. The second capacitor network 432 may be composed of three capacitors connected in parallel. The third capacitor network 433 may have four capacitors connected in parallel.

[0100] In actual use, the control circuit 42 can output a PWM signal as a switch control signal to the control end of the switch tube M to control the on / off state of the switch tube M. By controlling the on / off state of the switch tube M, a stable conversion from input voltage to output voltage can be achieved, providing a suitable voltage for charging the positive electrode BAT+ of the battery pack.

[0101] The control circuit 42 is also connected to the charging detection terminal, through which the charging current of the battery pack in the current charging process is obtained, and the PWM signal is adjusted accordingly to achieve feedback control of the charging process, ensuring that the battery pack can complete charging in the set charging mode.

[0102] Better yet, please continue reading Figure 7 The switch tube M may be a MOS tube. The MOS tube provides a plurality of source pins and drain pins connected in parallel, forming the first connection end and the second connection end respectively. The gate of the MOS tube is connected to the control circuit 42 to receive the PWM signal from the control circuit.

[0103] By setting up multiple parallel pins, the current carrying capacity can be increased, the heat dissipation performance can be improved, the parasitic inductance and resistance can be reduced, etc., thereby ensuring the stability and efficiency of the battery charging circuit in a high current and high frequency working environment.

[0104] Better yet, please continue reading Figure 7 The first diode D1 and the second diode D2 can be selected as Schottky diodes. The Schottky diode has the characteristics of low forward voltage drop and fast recovery time, which can be well adapted to the use requirements of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 as freewheeling diodes in the step-down voltage converter, and can significantly improve the conversion efficiency and reduce the heat generation.

[0105] Figure 8 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a battery management circuit 41 provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 8 The battery management circuit designed for a battery pack consisting of three cells connected in series is shown in the figure. Among the three cells connected in series, the positive poles of each cell are marked as B1+, B2+ and B3+, and the negative pole of the third cell is marked as B3-. The positive pole of the first cell B1+ forms the positive pole BAT+ of the battery pack, and the negative pole B3- of the third cell forms the negative pole BAT- of the battery pack.

[0106] However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that based on Figure 7 The design concept shown can also be applied to battery packs composed of other cells with different numbers and connection methods.

[0107] like Figure 8 As shown, the battery management circuit 41 includes: a battery protection chip U1, a battery cell sampling unit 411, a first protection switch Q1, a second protection switch Q2, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8 and a ninth resistor R9.

[0108] The battery protection chip U1 includes: three battery cell sampling terminals VC1 to VC3, an overcurrent detection terminal VINI, a first protection output terminal CO, a second protection output terminal DO and a load detection terminal VM.

[0109] The three battery cell sampling terminals VC1 to VC3 are respectively connected to the positive electrodes of the three battery cells through the three battery cell sampling units 411 , and the operating parameters of each battery cell are obtained through the battery cell sampling units 411 .

[0110] For details, please continue to refer to Figure 8 The cell sampling unit 411 may be composed of a resistor and a capacitor. One end of the resistor R01 is connected to the positive electrode B+ of the cell, and the other end of the resistor R01 is connected to the negative electrode BAT- of the battery pack through the capacitor C01. The other end of the resistor R01 is also connected to one of the cell sampling terminals (VC1, VC2 or VC3) of the battery protection chip U1.

[0111] The overcurrent detection terminal VINI is connected to the negative bus B- of the battery pack through the sixth resistor R6; the load detection terminal VM is connected to the negative bus B- through the seventh resistor R7, and is used to detect whether the battery pack has an overcurrent condition and whether the load (or charger) has been connected. The eighth resistor R8 is set on the negative bus and can be used as a sampling resistor for the bus current.

[0112] The first protection switch Q1 and the second protection switch Q2 are arranged in series on the negative bus bar B-. The operation of the battery pack can be cut off by disconnecting either of the two protection switches. The first protection output terminal CO is connected to the control terminal of the first protection switch Q1, and the second protection output terminal DO is connected to the control terminal of the second protection switch Q2. The connection node between the first protection switch Q1 and the second protection switch Q2 is also connected to the negative electrode B- of the battery pack through the ninth resistor R9.

[0113] During actual use, the battery protection chip U1 can collect the voltage data of each battery cell through the battery cell sampling unit 411, and through the first protection output terminal CO and the second protection output terminal DO, in the event of an abnormal situation in which the battery pack is over-discharged or over-charged, the first protection switch and the second protection switch are promptly triggered to disconnect, thereby ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the battery pack.

[0114] Fig. 9 The schematic diagram of the circuit of the insertion detection unit and the power startup unit provided in the embodiment of the utility model. The insertion detection unit can be used to detect whether a charger is plugged into the charging port (i.e., whether an external power supply is provided), and the power startup unit is an electronic circuit used to start and shut down the control circuit.

[0115] like Fig. 9 As shown, the insertion detection unit may be composed of a switch Q3, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, and a resistor R13.

[0116] The control end of the switch Q3 is connected to the power supply node VBUS through the resistor R10. The first connection end of the switch Q3 is connected to the reference ground GND. The second connection end of the switch Q3 is connected to the power startup unit.

[0117] One end of the resistor R11 is connected to the detection signal output terminal through the resistor R12, and is also connected to the power supply node VBUS through the resistor R10. The other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the reference ground GND.

[0118] In actual use, when the charging port is not plugged into an external power source (for example, a Type-C charger), the power supply node VBUS has no voltage, and the detection signal output end is pulled down to the reference ground GND and remains in a low level state.

[0119] When the charger is plugged in (for example, a 5V voltage is provided when a Type-C charger is plugged in), the power supply node VBUS provides a second target voltage, and the detection signal output terminal outputs a high level signal through resistor voltage division. Accordingly, the control circuit 42 can determine whether the charger is plugged in by obtaining the level signal of the detection signal output terminal.

[0120] Please continue reading Fig. 9The power startup unit may be composed of a switch Q4, a switch Q5, a switch Q6, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a resistor R18 and a capacitor C3.

[0121] The control end of the switch Q4 is connected to the start signal end through the resistor R14, the first connection end of the switch Q4 is connected to the reference ground GND, and the second connection end of the switch Q4 is also connected to the second connection end of the switch Q3 to form a common connection node.

[0122] The common connection node is connected to one end of the resistor R15, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the control end of the switch Q5 and the switch Q6 respectively. The first connection end of the switch Q5 and the switch Q6 are both connected to the positive electrode BAT+ of the battery pack, the second connection end of the switch Q5 is connected to the first DC voltage source VDD, and the second connection end of the switch Q6 is connected to the second DC voltage source VCC.

[0123] The second connection terminal of the switch Q6 is also connected to the reference ground through the series-connected resistors R16 and R17. The connection node between the resistors R16 and R17 is connected to the voltage detection terminal through the resistor R18. The resistor R18 is also connected to the reference ground GND through the capacitor C3.

[0124] In actual use, the control circuit 42 can turn on the switch Q4 by sending a high level signal to the start signal terminal. As the switch Q4 is turned on, the switches Q5 and Q6 are also turned on accordingly, and the battery pack provides power for the entire electronic system. Figure 8 When the charger is inserted and the switch Q3 is turned on, it has the same effect as the switch Q4 being turned on, causing the switches Q5 and Q6 to be turned on accordingly.

[0125] In addition, the control circuit 42 may also be connected to a voltage detection terminal, and the voltage value of the second DC voltage source VCC may be determined through the voltage detection terminal to ensure that the entire electronic system can be powered and operated correctly.

[0126] It should be noted that, in order to fully illustrate the inventive concept of the utility model, the connection mode and component types between the various electronic components are specifically described in the above embodiments. However, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that, based on the functions to be realized by the charging circuit and the battery management circuit disclosed in the above embodiments, the specific implementation thereof can be adjusted, replaced or transformed according to the actual needs, and is not limited to the drawings shown in the specification.

[0127] Based on the energy storage device provided in the above embodiment, the present invention further provides an electric vehicle, which can be some relatively small electric vehicles, such as electric scooters, etc., including a vehicle body, an electric motor mounted on the vehicle body, and an energy storage device.

[0128] The vehicle body is the main structure of the electric vehicle, including but not limited to one or more structural components of the frame, wheels, and transmission mechanism, etc. The vehicle body may provide a space or position for fixing and installing the energy storage device and the motor.

[0129] The energy storage device may be an energy storage device provided by one or more of the above embodiments, which integrates multiple functional circuits and is compatible with a variety of different chargers. An electrical connection is established between the energy storage device and the motor carried by the vehicle body to provide electrical energy to the motor.

[0130] Preferably, based on the control circuit integrated inside the energy storage device, the operating status information of the motor, such as the current and temperature information of the motor, can also be provided to the control circuit inside the energy storage device through the connection port and controlled by the control circuit.

[0131] The motor can convert the electrical energy provided by the energy storage device into kinetic energy, and as a power source, drive the vehicle body to move in the direction and speed set by the user. Specifically, a suitable motor drive circuit can be provided between the motor and the energy storage device, and the motor drive circuit can appropriately convert the electrical energy output by the energy storage device so that the motor can be properly driven.

[0132] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific / preferred implementations, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: include: A device body with a receiving space formed inside; a surface of the device body is provided with a plurality of connection ports; A battery pack consisting of a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery pack is fixed in the accommodation space; A circuit board with several functional circuits integrated; The circuit board is fixed in the accommodation space; Wherein, the connection port includes: a charging port; the functional circuit includes: a battery management circuit, a control circuit and a charging circuit; The charging circuit is configured to: draw power from the charging port to charge one or more cells in the battery pack; The battery management circuit is configured to: obtain battery parameters of the battery cell and manage the operating state of the battery pack; The control circuit is communicatively connected with the charging circuit and the battery management circuit respectively.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device body comprises: a shell, a battery bracket and an insulating layer; Wherein, the shell has a first inner surface and a second inner surface opposite to each other in the thickness direction, and the battery holder is fixed to the first inner surface and is located inside the shell; The battery pack is accommodated and fixed in the battery bracket; the circuit board is located between the battery bracket and the second inner surface; The insulating layer covers the surface of the circuit board and is located between the circuit board and the second inner surface.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The device body also includes: a heat conducting component; The heat-conducting component covers the first area of ​​the circuit board and fills the gap between the first area of ​​the circuit board and the second inner surface; the insulating layer is provided with a first through hole matched with the size of the heat-conducting component.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing comprises: A main housing extending in the axial direction; the main housing having a first opening end and a second opening end opposite to each other in the axial direction; A first cover plate; the first cover plate is detachably fixed to the first opening end; A second cover plate; the second cover plate is detachably fixed to the second opening end; Wherein, the connection port is arranged on the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging port is an interface that complies with the Type-C standard; the charging circuit includes: an induction unit, configured to: trigger a charger connected to the charging port to provide a preset first target voltage; A boost unit, configured to: convert the first target voltage into a second target voltage; An electric energy conversion unit; the electric energy conversion unit has at least one switch tube, and is configured to: control the on-time and off-time of the switch tube according to the switch control signal of the control circuit, so that the second target voltage is converted into target electric energy.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electric energy conversion unit includes: a switch tube, an inductor, a first capacitor network, a first diode, a second diode, a Zener diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor; The control end of the switch tube is connected to the control circuit through the first resistor to receive the switch control signal; the control end of the switch tube is also connected to the reference ground through the second resistor; the first connection end of the switch tube is connected to the power supply node through the first capacitor network; the second connection end of the switch tube is connected to the reference ground through the third resistor and the first capacitor connected in series; One end of the inductor is connected to a power supply node; the power supply node provides the second target voltage; the other end of the inductor is connected to a second connection end of the switch tube; The first diode and the second diode are connected in parallel to form a negative connection node and a positive connection node; the negative connection node is connected to the second connection end of the switch tube and the other end of the inductor; the positive connection node is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack; the positive electrode of the second diode is also connected to the reference ground through the second capacitor; The Zener diode is connected between the positive electrode of the battery pack and the negative electrode of the battery pack; the negative electrode of the Zener diode is connected to the reference ground through the fourth resistor, and is connected to the charging detection terminal through the fifth resistor; the charging detection terminal is connected to the control circuit to provide a voltage signal proportional to the charging current.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The charging circuit further includes: a second capacitor network and a third capacitor network; Among them, the second capacitor network is connected between the positive connection node and the reference ground; the third capacitor network is connected between the positive electrode of the battery pack and the negative electrode of the battery pack; the first capacitor network, the second capacitor network and the third capacitor network are formed by a number of capacitors connected in parallel.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The switch tube is a MOS tube; the first connection end is formed by connecting a plurality of source pins in parallel; the second connection end is formed by connecting a plurality of drain pins in parallel; the control end is a gate pin; the first diode and the second diode are both Schottky diodes.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery management circuit includes: a battery protection chip, a battery cell sampling unit, a first protection switch, a second protection switch, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor; Wherein, the battery protection chip includes: a plurality of battery cell sampling terminals, an overcurrent detection terminal, a first protection output terminal, a second protection output terminal, and a load detection terminal; One of the battery cell sampling terminals is connected to the positive electrode of one of the battery cells through one of the battery cell sampling units; The overcurrent detection terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack through the sixth resistor; the load detection terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack through the seventh resistor; The first protection switch, the second protection switch and the eighth resistor are all arranged on the negative bus bar of the battery pack; the first protection output end is connected to the control end of the first protection switch, and the second protection output end is connected to the control end of the second protection switch; The connection node between the first protection switch and the second protection switch is also connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack through the ninth resistor.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: include: Vehicle body; an electric motor mounted on the vehicle body; as well as The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 9; Wherein, the energy storage device is electrically connected to the motor to provide electrical energy to the motor; the motor is configured to: convert the electrical energy into kinetic energy to drive the vehicle body to move.

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