Universal short-wave-band high-linearity exciter radio frequency unit

Abstract

The utility model provides a general type short wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit, relates to the digital short wave communication technology field, the general type short wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit provided by the utility model comprises a radio frequency emission unit and a radio frequency reception unit, the radio frequency emission unit is arranged in a first cavity, and the radio frequency reception unit is arranged in a second cavity. The radio frequency receiving unit is arranged in the second cavity, and the first cavity and the second cavity are mutually independent. According to the utility model, the digital attenuator is adopted, and the output power can be adjusted in a wide range, thereby adapting to various application scenes from low-power near field communication to high-power remote communication, satisfying various standards of short-wave frequency bands, supporting various bandwidth standards, and having strong versatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of digital shortwave radio communication, in particular to a universal shortwave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit. Background Art

[0002] In wireless communication, especially in digital shortwave communication, radio frequency unit is often needed. As one of the core components of shortwave communication system, the performance of radio frequency unit directly affects the communication quality and reliability of the whole system.

[0003] Traditional radio frequency units in related technologies usually adopt a single power amplifier design with a fixed output power range. However, in actual digital shortwave communications, different application scenarios have different requirements for transmission power. When switching between different power levels is required, the entire radio frequency unit often needs to be replaced, which increases the complexity and cost of the system. It can be seen that the radio frequency units in related technologies have poor versatility. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a universal high-linear short-wave radio frequency unit, which can improve the versatility of the radio frequency unit.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides a universal short-wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit, the radio frequency unit includes a radio frequency transmitting unit and a radio frequency receiving unit, the radio frequency transmitting unit is arranged in a first cavity, the radio frequency receiving unit is arranged in a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are independent of each other, wherein:

[0006] The radio frequency transmitting unit includes a first driving amplifier, a first digital attenuator, a transmitting power processing subunit and a transmitting filter;

[0007] The input end of the first driving amplifier is connected to the signal processing board via the transmitting radio frequency output interface, the output end of the first driving amplifier is connected to the transmitting power processing subunit via the first digital attenuator, and the transmitting power processing subunit is connected to the transmitting port of the transceiver interface board via the transmitting filter;

[0008] The radio frequency receiving unit includes a receiving filter, a second digital attenuator and a second driving amplifier;

[0009] The receiving port of the transceiver interface board is connected to the second digital attenuator via the receiving filter, the second digital attenuator is connected to the input port of the second driving amplifier, and the output port of the second driving amplifier is connected to the signal processing board via the receiving RF input interface.

[0010] In a preferred example, the present application can be further configured as follows: the adjacent first cavities and the second cavities are connected to each other via a groove.

[0011] In a preferred example, the present application can be further configured as follows: the transmission power processing subunit includes a transmission power splitter, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier and a transmission power synthesizer, wherein:

[0012] The first digital attenuator is connected to the input port of the transmission power splitter, the first output port of the transmission power splitter is connected to the first input port of the transmission power synthesizer via the first power amplifier, the second output port of the transmission power splitter is connected to the second input port of the transmission power synthesizer via the second power amplifier, and the output port of the transmission power splitter is connected to the transmission port of the transceiver interface board via the transmission filter.

[0013] In a preferred example, the present application can be further configured as follows: the first power amplifier is a high power amplifier.

[0014] In a preferred example, the present application can be further configured as follows: the second power amplifier is a high power amplifier.

[0015] In a preferred example, the present application may be further configured as follows: the transmission power splitter is connected to the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier and the first digital attenuator by a microstrip line;

[0016] The transmission power synthesizer is connected to the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier and the transmission filter by using microstrip lines.

[0017] In a preferred example, the present application can be further configured as follows: the signal processing board also includes a signal control unit, a modem unit, and a voice message conversion processing unit.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0019] 1. The utility model adopts a digital attenuator, which can adjust the output power in a wide range, so as to adapt to various application scenarios from low-power short-distance communication to high-power long-distance communication, meet various standards of shortwave frequency bands, support various different bandwidth standards, and has strong versatility.

[0020] 2. The RF transmitting unit and the RF receiving unit are respectively arranged in two independent cavities, and the adjacent cavities are interconnected through grooves. The structure is simple and compact, the volume is small, and the circuit has strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability.

[0021] 3. The receiving end uses a digital attenuator, which effectively improves the system receiving dynamic range.

[0022] 4. The transmitter uses two independent high-power amplifiers to form two completely independent transmission channels, which can be used separately or together to improve linearity, greatly increasing the flexibility of the system.

[0023] 5. The transmitting end uses a transmitting power combiner to effectively solve the interference between the two channels and improve the effect of power synthesis; the transmitting end uses a transmitting power splitter to evenly distribute the input signal to two independent high-power amplifiers and ensure that the two independent high-power amplifiers are isolated from each other.

[0024] 6. The hardware components in the present invention are all universal components, which greatly simplifies the procurement and production process and greatly improves the manufacturability and production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the radio frequency unit of the utility model applied to the exciter unit;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure of the radio frequency unit of the utility model;

[0027] Figure numerals: 1, first cavity; 2, second cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all of the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0029] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solution: a universal short-wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit, the radio frequency unit includes a radio frequency transmitting unit and a radio frequency receiving unit, the radio frequency transmitting unit is arranged in a first cavity, the radio frequency receiving unit is arranged in a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are independent of each other, wherein:

[0030] The radio frequency transmitting unit includes a first driving amplifier, a first digital attenuator, a transmitting power processing subunit and a transmitting filter;

[0031] The input end of the first driving amplifier is connected to the signal processing board via the transmitting radio frequency output interface, the output end of the first driving amplifier is connected to the transmitting power processing subunit via the first digital attenuator, and the transmitting power processing subunit is connected to the transmitting port of the transceiver interface board via the transmitting filter;

[0032] The radio frequency receiving unit includes a receiving filter, a second digital attenuator and a second driving amplifier;

[0033] The receiving port of the transceiver interface board is connected to the second digital attenuator via the receiving filter, the second digital attenuator is connected to the input port of the second driving amplifier, and the output port of the second driving amplifier is connected to the signal processing board via the receiving RF input interface.

[0034] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure in which the radio frequency unit provided by the utility model is applied to an exciter unit.

[0035] Combination Figure 1 The working principle of the utility model is described as follows:

[0036] The RF transmitting unit is designed to achieve high-efficiency and high-linearity signal transmission. It includes a first driver amplifier, a first digital attenuator, a transmit power processing subunit, and a transmit filter. The signal processing flow is as follows: First, the user service data from the user end is processed by the signal processing board to form an independent transmit RF signal. The signal from the signal processing board enters the input end of the first driver amplifier through the transmit RF output interface. After preliminary amplification, the signal enters the first digital attenuator. The use of digital attenuators makes it possible to accurately control the signal strength, which is crucial to maintaining the linearity of the system. Subsequently, the signal enters the transmit power processing subunit, where further power amplification and processing are performed. Finally, the signal passes through the transmit filter to filter out unnecessary frequency components, and then is output through the transmit port of the transceiver interface board.

[0037] The design of the RF receiving unit focuses on improving the receiving sensitivity and anti-interference ability. It consists of a receiving filter, a second digital attenuator and a second driver amplifier. The receiving process is as follows: First, the digital shortwave signal entering the receiving port of the transceiver interface board passes through the receiving filter to filter out the out-of-band interference signal. Then, the signal passes through the second digital attenuator, where the signal strength can be accurately adjusted as needed to adapt to different receiving environments. Finally, the signal is amplified by the second driver amplifier and transmitted to the signal processing board through the receiving RF input interface for subsequent processing, forming pre-distortion data to be provided to the transmitter to improve the linearity of the whole machine.

[0038] Among them, the function of the first driver amplifier is to preliminarily amplify the initial signal from the signal processing board to provide sufficient signal strength for subsequent signal processing. The first digital attenuator is used to accurately control the signal strength and can attenuate the signal as needed to maintain the linearity of the system and prevent overload of subsequent stages. The transmit power processing subunit is responsible for the main power amplification to amplify the signal to the required transmit power level. The transmit filter is used to filter out harmonics and stray signals in the transmit signal to ensure that the spectrum purity of the transmit signal meets the specified requirements.

[0039] The receiving filter is used to filter out the out-of-band interference in the received signal and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal. The second digital attenuator is used to adjust the strength of the received signal to prevent the overload of the subsequent amplifier and optimize the signal level to adapt to different receiving environments. The second driver amplifier is used to amplify the received signal after filtering and attenuation to reach a level suitable for processing by the signal processing board.

[0040] The signal processing board is responsible for the signal processing of the entire system, including the generation of transmit signals and the demodulation of receive signals. The transceiver interface board provides the physical interface of the RF signal and connects the antenna system with the RF unit.

[0041] For details about the hardware structure of the RF transmitter and receiver, see Figure 2 , is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure of a radio frequency unit provided by the utility model.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the radio frequency transmitting unit and the radio frequency receiving unit are respectively arranged in two independent cavities, and the adjacent first cavity and the second cavity are connected to each other through a groove.

[0043] The first cavity 1 is used to set a first driving amplifier, a first digital attenuator, a transmission power processing subunit, and a transmission filter, and the second cavity 2 is used to set a receiving filter, a second digital attenuator, and a second driving amplifier.

[0044] The RF transmitting unit is arranged in the first cavity, while the RF receiving unit is arranged in the second cavity. The two cavities are independent of each other, thereby physically isolating the transmitting and receiving units, minimizing the mutual interference between the transmitting and receiving circuits, and thus improving the performance and reliability of the entire RF unit.

[0045] Specifically, the first cavity is used to accommodate all components of the RF transmitting unit, including the first driving amplifier, the first digital attenuator, the transmitting power processing subunit and the transmitting filter. These components will generate strong electromagnetic fields during the transmission process, especially when the transmitting power processing subunit performs high-power amplification. Concentrating them in an independent cavity can effectively limit the spread of these strong electromagnetic fields and prevent them from interfering with other circuits.

[0046] The second cavity is used to house the components of the RF receiving unit, including the receiving filter, the second digital attenuator and the second driving amplifier. The receiving circuit usually processes weaker signals and is therefore particularly sensitive to external interference. Placing these components in a separate cavity can provide them with a relatively "quiet" electromagnetic environment, which is conducive to improving receiving sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0047] Although the two cavities are independent, the present invention also designs a groove between the adjacent first cavity and the second cavity so that they can communicate with each other. The existence of the groove allows necessary signals and control lines to be transmitted between the two cavities, which can largely suppress undesirable electromagnetic coupling.

[0048] Optionally, the cavity is made of a metal material with good shielding properties, such as aluminum alloy or tin-plated steel. The interior of the cavity may also be coated with an absorbing material to further reduce electromagnetic reflection and interference.

[0049] In an optional implementation, the transmit power processing subunit includes a transmit power splitter, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier, and a transmit power synthesizer, wherein:

[0050] The first digital attenuator is connected to the input port of the transmission power splitter, the first output port of the transmission power splitter is connected to the first input port of the transmission power synthesizer via the first power amplifier, the second output port of the transmission power splitter is connected to the second input port of the transmission power synthesizer via the second power amplifier, and the output port of the transmission power splitter is connected to the transmission port of the transceiver interface board via the transmission filter.

[0051] The transmit power processing subunit adopts a unique power distribution and synthesis structure to improve the efficiency, linearity and reliability of RF transmission. In specific implementation, the signal from the first digital attenuator first enters the input port of the transmit power power divider. The function of the transmit power power divider is to divide the input signal into two paths, and the power of each signal is about half of the input signal. This shunt design is designed to reduce the power burden of a single power amplifier, so that a smaller power and higher linearity amplifier can be used to achieve high power output. The two signals after power division enter the first power amplifier and the second power amplifier respectively. The two amplified signals then enter the first input port and the second input port of the transmit power synthesizer. The function of the transmit power synthesizer is to re-combine the two amplified signals into one while maintaining phase consistency. This process is not just a simple power superposition, but also needs to consider factors such as phase matching and impedance matching to ensure maximum power transmission efficiency and minimize signal distortion. Finally, the synthesized high-power signal passes through the transmit filter to filter out possible harmonics and spurious signals, and then is output through the transmit port of the transceiver interface board.

[0052] The design of the transmit power processing subunit can improve the overall power handling capability of the RF unit, allowing the RF unit to output higher transmit power. Through the parallel amplifier structure, the linearity of the system is improved, which is crucial for maintaining signal quality and reducing adjacent channel interference.

[0053] Furthermore, the first power amplifier is a high power amplifier; and the second power amplifier is a high power amplifier.

[0054] The main reason for selecting high power amplifiers as the first and second power amplifiers is to meet the high transmit power requirements of the shortwave communication system. Shortwave communication usually requires a larger transmit power to overcome the path loss caused by long-distance propagation and ensure that the signal can be reliably transmitted to the distant receiving end. By using two high power amplifiers, the system can achieve a higher overall output power, thereby expanding the communication coverage and improving the communication quality.

[0055] Optionally, the transmit power splitter is connected to the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier and the first digital attenuator by a microstrip line;

[0056] The transmission power synthesizer is connected to the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier and the transmission filter by using microstrip lines.

[0057] In order to optimize the RF performance of the system, improve the integration and simplify the manufacturing process, specifically, microstrip lines are used as a connection method between the transmit power splitter and the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier and the first digital attenuator, and between the transmit power synthesizer and the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier and the transmit filter.

[0058] Microstrip line is a planar transmission line structure with good radio frequency characteristics. In the shortwave frequency band, microstrip line can provide low insertion loss and good impedance matching, which is essential for maintaining signal quality and maximizing power transmission. The design and manufacture of microstrip line is relatively simple and can be directly integrated on the printed circuit board (PCB), which greatly improves the system integration and reduces the need for external connections, thereby improving the system reliability and anti-interference ability.

[0059] Similarly, in an optional implementation, the first driving amplifier is connected to the first digital attenuator and the signal processing board by a microstrip line, the transmit power processing subunit is connected to the first digital attenuator and the transmit filter by a microstrip line, and the transmit filter is connected to the transmit port of the transceiver interface board by a microstrip line;

[0060] The second driving amplifier is connected to the signal processing board and the second digital attenuator by a microstrip line; the receiving filter is connected to the second digital attenuator and the receiving port of the transceiver interface board by a microstrip line.

[0061] Specifically, comprehensive microstrip line connections can provide stable and predictable RF characteristics. The use of microstrip lines can minimize transmission losses and maintain signal integrity, which is critical to the performance of the entire transceiver system. Especially in the connection between signal processing boards, digital attenuators and filters, the use of microstrip lines helps to achieve precise signal conditioning and processing, thereby optimizing the overall performance of the system.

[0062] In an optional implementation, the signal processing board further includes a signal control unit, a modulation and demodulation unit, and a voice message conversion processing unit.

[0063] Specifically, the signal processing board can process the user service data from the user end through the signal processing board to form an independent transmission RF signal. The signal control unit receives the user service data and coordinates subsequent processing. If the data contains voice, the voice message conversion processing unit will perform necessary encoding. The modem unit modulates the processed data into a baseband signal suitable for transmission. The signal control unit transmits the modulated signal to the RF unit to form the final transmission RF signal.

[0064] At the same time, when the signal processing board is processing the received signal, the signal control unit receives and analyzes the feedback data from the RF unit. The modulation and demodulation unit calculates the necessary pre-distortion parameters based on the feedback data. The signal control unit generates pre-distortion data based on the calculation results. The pre-distortion data is sent to the transmitter of the RF unit to compensate for nonlinear distortion, thereby improving the linearity of the entire machine.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0066] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A universal short-wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit, characterized in that: The radio frequency unit includes a radio frequency transmitting unit and a radio frequency receiving unit, the radio frequency transmitting unit is arranged in a first cavity, the radio frequency receiving unit is arranged in a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are independent of each other, wherein: The radio frequency transmitting unit includes a first driving amplifier, a first digital attenuator, a transmitting power processing subunit and a transmitting filter; The input end of the first driving amplifier is connected to the signal processing board via the transmitting radio frequency output interface, the output end of the first driving amplifier is connected to the transmitting power processing subunit via the first digital attenuator, and the transmitting power processing subunit is connected to the transmitting port of the transceiver interface board via the transmitting filter; The radio frequency receiving unit includes a receiving filter, a second digital attenuator and a second driving amplifier; The receiving port of the transceiver interface board is connected to the second digital attenuator via the receiving filter, the second digital attenuator is connected to the input port of the second driving amplifier, and the output port of the second driving amplifier is connected to the signal processing board via the receiving RF input interface.

2. The universal short-wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjacent first cavities and the second cavities are communicated with each other through the grooves.

3. The universal short-wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission power processing subunit includes a transmission power splitter, a first power amplifier, a second power amplifier and a transmission power synthesizer, wherein: The first digital attenuator is connected to the input port of the transmission power splitter, the first output port of the transmission power splitter is connected to the first input port of the transmission power synthesizer via the first power amplifier, the second output port of the transmission power splitter is connected to the second input port of the transmission power synthesizer via the second power amplifier, and the output port of the transmission power splitter is connected to the transmission port of the transceiver interface board via the transmission filter.

4. The universal short-wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first power amplifier is a high power amplifier.

5. The universal short-wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second power amplifier is a high power amplifier.

6. The universal short-wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmitting power splitter is connected to the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier and the first digital attenuator by a microstrip line; The transmission power synthesizer is connected to the first power amplifier, the second power amplifier and the transmission filter by using microstrip lines.

7. The universal short-wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving amplifier is connected to the first digital attenuator and the signal processing board by a microstrip line, the transmission power processing subunit is connected to the first digital attenuator and the transmission filter by a microstrip line, and the transmission filter is connected to the transmission port of the transceiver interface board by a microstrip line; The second driving amplifier is connected to the signal processing board and the second digital attenuator by a microstrip line; the receiving filter is connected to the second digital attenuator and the receiving port of the transceiver interface board by a microstrip line.

8. The universal short-wave band high linearity exciter radio frequency unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing board also includes a signal control unit, a modulation and demodulation unit and a voice message conversion processing unit.

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