Top drive protector combination

Abstract

The utility model discloses a top drive protector combination, which belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and comprises an upper flexible short circuit, a top drive protector and a lower flexible short circuit which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, so that three-stage shock absorption can be realized, the axial run-out of a drill column can be effectively relieved, and the effect of protecting a top drive is achieved; the overall strength is guaranteed, a large water hole is obtained, the drilling efficiency and the drilling safety are effectively improved, an anti-falling semi-ring is arranged in the top drive protector, and a limiting outer conical surface and a limiting inner conical surface are matched to form a pressure limiting position, so that the working stability and safety of the top drive protector are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and specifically relates to a top drive protector combination. Background Art

[0002] During the drilling process, the drill bit directly contacts the bottom of the well to break rocks and complete the footage. Due to reasons such as hard or uneven formation, interlayers, or the mismatch between the suitable drilling pressure of the drill bit and the actual drilling pressure, as well as the working principle of the drill bit, adverse situations such as drill bit jumping, drill string vibration, and even wellhead resonance often occur. There are often accidents such as drill string fracture, wellhead equipment damage, and part dropping. Especially when drilling in shallow wells, the drill bit is very close to the wellhead, and the reflection is particularly obvious, which not only wastes valuable drilling time but also brings economic losses and safety hazards.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used drill string shock absorber is connected near the upper part of the drill bit at the bottom of the well and is lowered into the bottom of the well with the drill bit. It works under compression. The spring shock absorption element in the drill string shock absorber absorbs vibration energy and at the same time ensures that the drill bit always closely adheres to the bottom of the well for drilling, achieving the purpose of alleviating drill string vibration and protecting the drill bit. However, the lower drill pipe above the wellhead in the top drive is basically in a tensile state, which is exactly opposite to the stress direction of the drill string at the bottom of the well. The actual situation is that the shock absorber above the drill bit cannot completely eliminate the vibration generated by the drill bit, and the uneliminated vibration energy continues to be transmitted upward to the upper equipment such as the top drive and the derrick, which may cause greater damage. Especially when drilling in shallow wells, the drill bit is very close to the wellhead, and the vibration transmission speed is faster and more direct. There is even no position to connect the drill string shock absorber when drilling the first stand, resulting in greater damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a top drive protector combination, aiming to alleviate the upward transmission of the vibration energy of the lower drill string, enhance the safety during equipment operation, and facilitate connection and installation at the wellhead, achieving the effect of protecting the top drive and upper equipment while facilitating the connection and installation of the drill string at the wellhead.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solution: A top drive protector combination, which includes an upper flexible stub, a top drive protector, and a lower flexible stub connected in sequence from top to bottom. The top drive protector has a structure that is large in the middle and small at both ends. The top drive protector includes a shaft component and a cylinder component. The shaft parts and the cylinder parts are slidably connected. The shaft parts include a mandrel and a piston. The mandrel is respectively connected to the piston and the upper flexible stub. The mandrel is divided into a large-diameter section, a medium-diameter section, and a small-diameter section. The large-diameter section and the medium-diameter section are transitioned through a large fillet. There is a shaft shoulder between the small-diameter section and the medium-diameter section. A disc spring is sleeved on the small-diameter section. The cylinder component includes a cylinder block and a transmission outer cylinder. One end of the cylinder block is connected to the transmission outer cylinder, and the other end is connected to the lower flexible stub. An oil injection hole is opened on the side wall of the cylinder block. An anti-falling annular groove and a limiting outer cone surface are provided on the medium-diameter section of the mandrel. An anti-falling half ring is sleeved on the anti-falling annular groove. An anti-falling outer cone surface is opened on the anti-falling half ring. An anti-falling inner cone surface is provided on the transmission outer cylinder. The anti-falling outer cone surface and the anti-falling inner cone surface are matched and have the same taper. A limiting inner cone surface is provided on the transmission outer cylinder. The limiting outer cone surface and the limiting inner cone surface are matched to form a pressure-limiting position.

[0006] Both the upper flexible stub and the lower flexible stub are hollow flexible structures that are thin in the middle and thick at both ends. An outer lifting cone is provided on the upper part of the upper flexible stub.

[0007] An upper oil injection port, a middle oil injection port, an arc oil storage groove, two sets of sealing ring grooves, a first bearing bush groove, and a second bearing bush groove are provided on the transmission outer cylinder. The first bearing bush groove and the second bearing bush groove are arranged at intervals. The two sets of sealing ring grooves are respectively arranged on both sides of the second bearing bush groove. The arc oil storage groove is arranged on the second bearing bush groove. The upper oil injection port is communicated with the arc oil storage groove. The middle oil injection port is arranged at the lower end of the first bearing bush groove. The middle oil injection port is communicated with the cylinder block.

[0008] Adjusting washers are provided at both ends of the disc spring. Oil through grooves are provided on the end face and the outer wall of the adjusting washer.

[0009] A bearing ring groove is also provided on the medium-diameter section of the mandrel. A bearing ring is sleeved on the bearing ring groove and a snap ring is sleeved on the bearing ring to make the bearing ring clamped. A sliding sleeve is also sleeved on the bearing ring and the bearing ring is slidably connected to the sliding sleeve. An arc-shaped oil through groove is provided on the end face of the sliding sleeve, and a straight oil through groove is provided on the outer wall.

[0010] An external hexagon ring is sleeved on the piston. A locking pin hole is provided on the external hexagon ring. An anti-retreat screw is matched with the locking pin hole to relatively fix the piston and the mandrel.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0012] 1) The present utility model provides a top drive protector combination that can dampen vibrations in both tensile and compressive states. The upper flexible stub and the lower flexible stub are hollow flexible structures. The top drive protector is provided with disc springs and auxiliary silicone oil as vibration damping elements. There are working strokes at both the upper and lower ends, with a two-way vibration damping effect. The top drive protector combination formed by these three components can achieve three-stage vibration damping. Moreover, the overall structure of the top drive protector is designed with a larger middle part and smaller ends, which not only ensures the overall strength but also provides a larger water eye, effectively improving the drilling efficiency and drilling safety.

[0013] 2) By setting an anti-drop semi-ring, the present utility model effectively prevents the mandrel from detaching from the transmission outer cylinder during the relative movement between the mandrel and the transmission outer cylinder and the cylinder block. At the same time, a limit pressure position is formed by the cooperation of the limit outer conical surface and the limit inner conical surface, effectively improving the working stability and safety of the top drive protector.

[0014] 3) The present utility model can be connected to two drill pipes at the lower end to form an integral string replacement column. By replacing and installing the top drive protector combination string replacement column and the ordinary drill pipe column in an alternating manner to connect the columns for drilling, it ensures that it is always closely connected below the top drive during the drilling process, providing shock absorption protection for the top drive and the upper equipment. During the process of replacement and installation, except for stopping the pump when disassembling and assembling the threads at the upper and lower ends of the drill pipe column and the string replacement column, the pump can be turned on to circulate and rotate the drill string, which is equivalent to immediately reaming after drilling, improving the wellbore quality, ensuring downhole safety, and preventing the occurrence of sticking accidents caused by too long time for connecting the columns. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the top drive protector combination of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the top drive protector of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the mandrel of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission outer cylinder of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the cylinder block of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the piston of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 is a sectional view of the anti-drop semi-ring of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 is a sectional view of the outer hexagon ring of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 The sectional view of the sliding sleeve of the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: 1. Upper flexible stub; 11. Lifting outer cone; 2. Top drive protector; 21. Mandrel; 2101. Disc spring; 2102. Limiting outer conical surface; 2103. Anti-falling annular groove; 2104. Anti-falling half ring; 2105. Anti-falling outer conical surface; 2106. Adjusting washer; 2107. Tensile bearing ring groove; 2108. Tensile bearing ring; 2109. Snap ring; 2110. Sliding sleeve; 2111. Arc-shaped oil passage groove; 2112. Straight-through oil passage groove; 22. Piston; 2201. Outer hexagonal ring; 2202. Locking pin hole; 2203. Anti-retreat screw; 23. Cylinder block; 2301. Lower oil injection hole; 24. Transmission outer cylinder; 2401. Upper oil injection hole; 2402. Middle oil injection hole; 2403. Arc-shaped oil storage groove; 2404. Sealing ring groove; 2405. First bearing bush groove; 2406. Second bearing bush groove; 2407. Dust-proof ring groove; 2408. Limiting inner conical surface; 2409. Anti-falling inner conical surface; 3. Lower flexible stub. Specific embodiments

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined or replaced according to the actual situation. The same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Embodiment

[0028] The present utility model provides a combination of top drive protectors, such as Figures 1 to 9As shown, it includes an upper flexible short-circuit 1, a top drive protector 2 and a lower flexible short-circuit 3 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The top drive protector 2 is a structure with a large middle and small ends. The top drive protector 2 includes a shaft component and a cylinder component. The shaft parts and the cylinder parts are slidably connected. The shaft parts include a spindle 21 and a piston 22. The spindle 21 is respectively connected to the piston 22 and the upper flexible short-circuit 1. The spindle 21 is divided into a large diameter section, a middle diameter section and a small diameter section. The large diameter section and the middle diameter section are transitioned by a large fillet. A shaft shoulder is provided between the small diameter section and the middle diameter section. The disc spring 2101 is sleeved on the small diameter section. The cylinder component includes a cylinder body 23 and a transmission outer cylinder 24. The cylinder body 2 3 is connected to the transmission outer cylinder 24 at one end, and the other end is connected to the lower flexible short-circuit 3. The side wall of the cylinder body 23 is provided with a lower oil filling hole 2301. The middle diameter section of the spindle 21 is provided with an anti-drop annular groove 2103 and a limiting outer conical surface 2102. The anti-drop semi-ring 2104 is sleeved on the anti-drop annular groove 2103. The anti-drop outer conical surface 2105 is provided on the anti-drop semi-ring 2104. The transmission outer cylinder 24 is provided with an anti-drop inner conical surface 2409. The anti-drop outer conical surface 2105 cooperates with the anti-drop inner conical surface 2409 and has the same taper. The transmission outer cylinder 24 is provided with a limiting inner conical surface 2408. The limiting outer conical surface 2102 and the limiting inner conical surface 2408 cooperate to form a pressure limiting position.

[0029] Since the disc spring 2101 and the auxiliary silicone oil are provided as the shock absorbing elements in the top drive protector 2, there are working strokes up and down, and the top drive protector 2 has a bidirectional shock absorbing effect, which effectively buffers the vibration transmitted from the lower drill pipe. The central axis 21 of the top drive protector 2 is divided into three sections with different diameters, and the disc spring 2101 is sleeved on the small diameter section, which effectively increases the space of the disc spring 2101 and the auxiliary silicone oil, and further increases the shock absorbing effect of the top drive protector 2. At the same time, in order for the top drive protector 2 to withstand a large impact, the top drive protector 2 is intermediate The large structure with small ends not only ensures the overall strength, but also obtains a larger water eye, effectively improving the drilling efficiency and drilling safety. At the same time, an anti-drop half ring 2104 is arranged to ensure that the spindle 21, the transmission outer cylinder 24 and the cylinder body 23 make relative movement, and the spindle 21 is separated from the transmission outer cylinder 24 due to impact. The limiting outer conical surface 2102 and the limiting inner conical surface 2408 cooperate to form a pressure limiting position to ensure that the silicone oil entering the high-pressure cylinder hole 2301 is within the allowable range, further improving the working safety of the top drive protector 2.

[0030] Specifically, the upper flexible short-circuit 1 and the lower flexible short-circuit 3 are both hollow flexible structures that are thin in the middle and thick at both ends, and a lifting outer cone 11 is provided on the upper portion of the upper flexible short-circuit 1.

[0031] By forming a top drive protection combination with the top drive protector 2, the upper flexible stub 1, and the lower flexible stub 3, and then reinstalling two drill pipes as a substitute string, and the length of the substitute string is the same as that of the drill pipe stand. The upper flexible stub 1 is provided with a lifting outer cone 11 to facilitate the top drive to lift the substitute string. The lower flexible stub 3 is connected to the drill pipe. Since both the upper flexible stub 1 and the lower flexible stub 3 are hollow flexible structures that are thin in the middle and thick at both ends, the top drive protector 2 also has a shock-absorbing effect. The top drive protector combination formed by these three can achieve three-stage shock absorption, further buffering the pulsation transmitted from the lower drill pipe, reducing or eliminating the serious harm of drill string jumping to the top drive equipment, and extending the service life of the top drive equipment.

[0032] Specifically, the transmission outer cylinder 24 is provided with an upper oil injection port 2401, a middle oil injection port 2402, an arc-shaped oil storage groove 2403, two groups of sealing ring grooves 2404, a first bearing bush groove 2405, and a second bearing bush groove 2406. The first bearing bush groove 2405 and the second bearing bush groove 2406 are spaced apart. The two groups of sealing ring grooves 2404 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second bearing bush groove 2406. The arc-shaped oil storage groove 2403 is arranged on the second bearing bush groove 2406. The upper oil injection port 2401 is communicated with the arc-shaped oil storage groove 2403. The middle oil injection port 2402 is arranged at the left end of the first bearing bush groove 2405, and the middle oil injection port 2402 is communicated with the cylinder block 23. The arc-shaped oil storage groove 2403 stores the grease for lubrication. The first bearing bush groove 2405 is closely fitted with the mandrel 21 to prevent the silicone oil flowing out of the middle oil injection port 2402 from flowing into the first bearing bush groove 2405. The sealing ring groove 2404 arranged at the upper end of the first bearing bush groove 2405 further prevents the leakage of silicone oil.

[0033] Specifically, adjusting washers 2106 are provided at both ends of the disc spring 2101, and oil through grooves are provided on the end faces and outer walls of the adjusting washers 2106. By providing the adjusting washers 2106, the disc spring 2101 is prevented from directly contacting the piston 22 and the transmission outer cylinder 24, reducing wear.

[0034] Specifically, a load-bearing ring groove 2107 is further provided on the middle diameter section of the mandrel 21. A load-bearing ring 2108 is sleeved on the load-bearing ring groove 2107 and a snap ring 2109 is sleeved on the load-bearing ring 2108 to clamp the load-bearing ring 2108 tightly. A sliding sleeve 2110 is also sleeved on the load-bearing ring 2108 and the load-bearing ring 2108 is slidably connected to the sliding sleeve 2110. An arc-shaped oil through groove 2111 is provided on the end face of the sliding sleeve 2110, and a straight oil through groove 2112 is provided on the outer wall. By adding the load-bearing ring 2107, the stiffness of the mandrel 21 can be significantly improved, reducing the deformation and displacement of the mandrel 21 during the stress process, and thus the stability and safety of the mandrel 21 during operation.

[0035] Specifically, an external hexagonal ring 2201 is sleeved on the piston 22, and a locking pin hole 2202 is provided on the external hexagonal ring 2201. A locking screw 2203 is engaged with the locking pin hole 2202 to relatively fix the piston 22 and the mandrel 21.

[0036] In addition to the above preferred embodiments, the present utility model has other implementation manners. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present utility model without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A top drive protector assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper flexible short-circuit (1), a top drive protector (2) and a lower flexible short-circuit (3) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The top drive protector (2) is a structure with a large middle and small ends. The top drive protector (2) comprises a shaft assembly and a cylinder assembly. The shaft parts and the cylinder parts are slidably connected. The shaft parts comprise a mandrel (21) and a piston (22). The mandrel (21) is respectively connected to the piston (22) and the upper flexible short-circuit (1). The mandrel (21) is divided into a large diameter section, a middle diameter section and a small diameter section. The large diameter section and the middle diameter section are transitioned by a large fillet. A shaft shoulder is provided between the small diameter section and the middle diameter section. A disc spring (2101) is sleeved on the small diameter section. The cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder body (23) and a transmission outer cylinder (24). One end of the cylinder body (23) is connected to the transmission outer cylinder (24). The cylinder body (23) is connected to a movable outer cylinder (24), and the other end is connected to a lower flexible short-circuit (3). A lower oil filling hole (2301) is provided on the side wall of the cylinder body (23). The middle diameter section of the spindle (21) is provided with an anti-drop annular groove (2103) and a limiting outer conical surface (2102). The anti-drop half ring (2104) is sleeved on the anti-drop annular groove (2103). The anti-drop half ring (2104) is provided with an anti-drop outer conical surface (2105). The transmission outer cylinder (24) is provided with an anti-drop inner conical surface (2409). The anti-drop outer conical surface (2105) and the anti-drop inner conical surface (2409) cooperate and have the same taper. The transmission outer cylinder (24) is provided with a limiting inner conical surface (2408). The limiting outer conical surface (2102) and the limiting inner conical surface (2408) cooperate to form a pressure limiting position.

2. The top drive protector assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper flexible short-circuit (1) and the lower flexible short-circuit (3) are both hollow flexible structures that are thin in the middle and thick at both ends. A lifting outer cone (11) is provided at the top of the upper flexible short-circuit (1).

3. The top drive protector assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission outer cylinder (24) is provided with an upper oil filling port (2401), a middle oil filling port (2402), an arc oil storage groove (2403), two groups of sealing ring grooves (2404), a first bearing groove (2405) and a second bearing groove (2406); the first bearing groove (2405) and the second bearing groove (2406) are arranged at intervals; the two groups of sealing ring grooves (2404) are respectively arranged on both sides of the second bearing groove (2406); the arc oil storage groove (2403) is arranged on the second bearing groove (2406); the upper oil filling port (2401) is communicated with the arc oil storage groove (2403); the middle oil filling port (2402) is arranged at the lower end of the first bearing groove (2405); and the middle oil filling port (2402) is communicated with the cylinder body (23).

4. The top drive protector assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjustment washers (2106) are provided at both ends of the disc spring (2101), and the end surface and outer wall of the adjustment washer (2106) are both provided with oil grooves.

5. The top drive protector assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle diameter section of the spindle (21) is also provided with a tension ring groove (2107), a tension ring (2108) is sleeved on the tension ring groove (2107), and a clamping ring (2109) is sleeved on the tension ring (2108) to clamp the tension ring (2108), a sliding sleeve (2110) is also sleeved on the tension ring (2108), and the tension ring (2108) and the sliding sleeve (2110) are slidably connected, an arc-shaped oil groove (2111) is provided on the end surface of the sliding sleeve (2110), and a straight oil groove (2112) is provided on the outer wall.

6. The top drive protector assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (22) is sleeved with an outer hexagonal ring (2201), the outer hexagonal ring (2201) is provided with a locking nail hole (2202), and the anti-retraction screw (2203) cooperates with the locking nail hole (2202) to relatively fix the piston (22) and the spindle (21).

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