Chain grate stoker with pneumatic ash falling device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a chain grate with pneumatic ash falling devices, which comprises a base and a grate arranged in the base, a plurality of groups of ash hoppers are uniformly distributed below the middle part in the grate, two ends of each ash hopper are fixedly connected onto the base, and the chain grate further comprises a plurality of groups of pneumatic ash falling devices and an ash thickness detection device which are arranged on the base, an ash falling plate is arranged at the bottom of the ash hopper, a movable ash falling door is arranged on the ash falling plate, and ash falling holes are formed in the ash falling plate and the ash falling door; the ash falling door is connected with the pneumatic ash falling device, and the ash thickness detection device is electrically connected with the pneumatic ash falling device through the control system. According to the ash falling device provided by the utility model, the ash accumulation condition in the ash hopper can be monitored through the sensor, the opening and closing of the air cylinder are automatically controlled, and the ash discharge efficiency and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass boilers, and particularly relates to a chain grate with a pneumatic ash discharging device. Background Art

[0002] A biomass boiler is a boiler device that uses biomass energy as fuel. Biomass energy mainly comes from various renewable organic substances, such as wood, straw, waste plants, wood chips, biogas, biomass pellets, etc. These biomass resources release heat energy during the combustion process, and then generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam or hot water in the boiler for various uses such as heating, power generation, or industrial production. During the combustion of biomass fuel in a biomass boiler, a certain amount of ash will be generated. If these ash are not processed in time, they may accumulate inside the boiler, affecting the normal operation and efficiency of the boiler, and even causing damage to the boiler.

[0003] The ash hopper is an important part of a biomass boiler, mainly used to collect the ash and other residues generated after fuel combustion. The common way to clean the ash in the ash hopper is to use a mechanical ash discharging device, such as a slide gate valve or a flap valve, etc. These devices are usually installed at the bottom of the ash hopper. When the ash accumulates to a certain amount, the ash is discharged from the ash hopper through mechanical movement (such as rotation, sliding, or flipping). These devices are mostly manually operated, with high labor intensity and low operation efficiency. Manual operation involves direct contact with mechanical components. If the operation is improper or the equipment fails, it may also lead to personal injury accidents. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of the above deficiencies existing in current biomass boilers, the utility model provides a chain grate with a pneumatic ash discharging device, which can monitor the accumulation of ash in the ash hopper through a sensor, automatically control the opening and closing of the air cylinder, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of ash discharge.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the utility model adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] A chain grate with a pneumatic ash discharging device includes a base and a grate arranged at the lower end of the base. A plurality of groups of ash hoppers are evenly distributed below the middle part inside the grate. Both ends of the ash hopper are fixedly connected to the base. The chain grate also includes a plurality of groups of pneumatic ash discharging devices and an ash thickness detection device arranged on the base. A ash discharging plate is provided at the bottom of the ash hopper. A movable ash discharging door is provided on the ash discharging plate. Ash discharging holes are provided on both the ash discharging plate and the ash discharging door. The ash discharging door is connected to the pneumatic ash discharging device. The ash thickness detection device is electrically connected to the pneumatic ash discharging device through a control system.

[0007] In one embodiment, the pneumatic ash discharging device includes a cylinder and an ash discharging pull rod. The piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the ash discharging pull rod, and the ash discharging pull rod is fixedly connected to the ash discharging door.

[0008] In one embodiment, the piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the ash discharging pull rod through a connecting flange and a connecting round steel, and a support cover is further arranged outside the connecting round steel.

[0009] In one embodiment, the ash thickness detection device is an infrared thickness gauge.

[0010] In one embodiment, the ash discharging holes on the ash discharging plate and the ash discharging holes on the ash discharging door are arranged staggeredly, and the ash discharging holes on the ash discharging plate and the ash discharging holes on the ash discharging door are made to communicate by moving the ash discharging door.

[0011] In one embodiment, a driving shaft is meshed on one side inside the grate, a driven shaft is meshed on the other side inside the grate, one end of the driving shaft penetrates through the side wall of the base, and the driving shaft is connected to a driving motor.

[0012] In one embodiment, a slag collecting device is arranged on one side of the grate and at the bottom of the base, a slag retaining plate is arranged above the slag collecting device, and one end of the slag collecting device penetrates through the side wall of the base.

[0013] In one embodiment, eight groups of ash hoppers are evenly distributed below the middle part inside the grate, each group of ash hoppers corresponds to a group of pneumatic ash discharging devices, and air inlets are arranged on both sides of the ash hoppers.

[0014] In one embodiment, the grate is divided into three areas, namely a preheating area, a combustion area and an afterburning area from left to right, and one or more ash thickness detection devices are arranged in each area.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the present utility model lies in providing a chain grate with a pneumatic ash discharging device. By designing an ash discharging plate and a movable ash discharging door, combined with the automatic control of the pneumatic ash discharging device, precise control of the ash discharge from the ash hopper is realized, the efficiency of ash treatment is effectively improved, manual intervention is reduced, the operation cost is lowered, and at the same time, problems such as ash leakage or accumulation caused by improper manual operation are avoided; the ash thickness detection device adopts an infrared thickness gauge, which can monitor the accumulation of ash in the ash hopper in real time and automatically start the discharging process according to a preset threshold, ensuring the stability and safety of the operation of the biomass boiler. Description of the Drawings

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the attached drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the attached drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other attached drawings can be obtained based on these attached drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the chain grate described in the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pneumatic ash discharging device described in the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at the bottom of the ash hopper described in the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 For Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at position A in

[0021] The reference numerals are: 1, base; 11, driving shaft; 12, driven shaft; 13, slag baffle; 2, grate; 3, ash hopper; 31, ash discharging plate; 32, ash discharging door; 4, pneumatic ash discharging device; 41, cylinder; 5, ash discharging pull rod; 51, connecting flange; 52, connecting round steel; 53, support cover; 6, ash thickness detection device. Specific embodiments

[0022] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the attached drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0023] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0024] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection: it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection: it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0026] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, a chain grate with a pneumatic ash-dropping device includes a base 1 and a grate 2 disposed inside the base 1. The grate 2 is used to support and convey biomass fuel and is made of materials resistant to high temperature and wear. A plurality of groups of ash hoppers 3 are evenly distributed below the middle part inside the grate 2, and both ends of the ash hoppers 3 are fixedly connected to the base 1.

[0027] A ash-dropping plate 31 is provided at the bottom of the ash hopper 3, and a movable ash-dropping door 32 is provided on the ash-dropping plate 31. Ash-dropping holes are provided on both the ash-dropping plate 31 and the ash-dropping door 32; the ash-dropping holes on the ash-dropping plate 31 and the ash-dropping holes on the ash-dropping door 32 are arranged in a staggered manner (i.e., not directly aligned in spatial position). By moving the ash-dropping door 32, the relative position between it and the ash-dropping plate 31 can be changed, thereby controlling the coincidence degree of the ash-dropping holes on the two components. When it is necessary to release the ash in the ash hopper 3, the ash-dropping door 32 can be moved so that the ash-dropping holes on it coincide with the ash-dropping holes on the ash-dropping plate 31, and thus the ash in the ash hopper 3 can fall through these two coincident holes. Conversely, when it is necessary to prevent substances from falling, just move the ash-dropping door 32 to a position where the two ash-dropping holes do not coincide.

[0028] Multiple sets of pneumatic ash-dropping devices 4 and ash thickness detection devices 6 are provided on the base 1. The pneumatic ash-dropping device 4 includes a cylinder 41 and an ash-dropping pull rod 5. The cylinder 41 is a device capable of generating linear motion and drives its piston rod to move back and forth by compressed air. The ash-dropping pull rod 5 is a connecting member. One end of the ash-dropping pull rod 5 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder 41, and the other end is fixedly connected to the ash-dropping door 32. When the piston rod of the cylinder 41 moves, it drives the ash-dropping door 32 to move through the ash-dropping pull rod 5, controls the relative position of the ash-dropping holes on the ash-dropping door 32 and the ash-dropping holes on the ash-dropping plate 31, and further controls the discharge of the ash in the ash hopper 3.

[0029] The ash thickness detection device is used to monitor the accumulation of ash in the ash hopper 3 in real time. The ash thickness detection device 6 is electrically connected to the pneumatic ash-dropping device 4 through a control system (not shown in the figure). When the ash accumulates to the preset thickness, the ash thickness detection device 6 sends a signal indicating that it is necessary to start the pneumatic ash-dropping device 4 to discharge the ash. In this embodiment, the ash thickness detection device 6 is an infrared thickness gauge. The infrared thickness gauge uses the measurement principle of infrared rays and calculates the thickness of the ash by measuring the intensity of the infrared rays reflected or transmitted by the surface of the ash in the ash hopper 3. The operator can select other ash thickness detection devices 6 according to specific conditions, such as laser sensors or pressure sensors, to achieve more comprehensive monitoring and control.

[0030] The piston rod of the cylinder 41 is connected to the ash-dropping pull rod 5 through a connecting flange 51 and a connecting round steel 52. A support cover 53 is also provided outside the connecting round steel 52 for protection.

[0031] One side inside the grate 2 meshes with the driving shaft 11, and the other side inside the grate 2 meshes with the driven shaft 12. One end of the driving shaft 11 penetrates the side wall of the base 1, and the driving shaft 11 is connected to the driving motor. When the grate 2 works, the driving motor rotates to drive the driving shaft 11, and the driving shaft 11 drives the grate 2 to bring the biomass fuel on the surface of the grate 2 into the furnace body for combustion. The driven shaft 12 provides a supporting effect for the grate 2.

[0032] A slag collection device (not shown in the figure) is provided on one side of the grate 2 and at the bottom of the base 1. A slag baffle 13 is provided above the slag collection device. One end of the slag collection device penetrates the side wall of the base 1. The slag baffle 13 can guide the ash falling from the grate 2 into the slag collection device.

[0033] In this embodiment, eight groups of ash hoppers 3 are evenly distributed below the inner middle part of the grate 2. Each group of ash hoppers 3 corresponds to a set of pneumatic ash discharging devices 4. Air inlets are arranged on both sides of the ash hoppers 3. When the biomass fuel on the grate 2 burns, a certain amount of ash will be generated. The ash will fall into the ash hoppers 3 through the gaps of the grate 2. The infrared thickness gauge continuously monitors the thickness of the ash in the ash hoppers 3 and feeds back the monitoring results to the control system in real time. When the ash thickness reaches the preset threshold, the control system will issue an instruction to start the pneumatic ash discharging device 4. After receiving the instruction, the cylinder 41 of the pneumatic ash discharging device 4 will drive the piston rod and the ash discharging pull rod 5 to move, thereby driving the ash discharging door 32 to move to a suitable position, so that the ash discharging holes on the ash discharging plate 31 are communicated with the ash discharging holes on the ash discharging door 32, and the ash can be discharged from the ash hoppers 3. The above control system can be a PLC control system.

[0034] In practical applications, the operator can set a set of pneumatic ash discharging devices 4 on each of the left and right sides of the ash hoppers 3 according to the actual size of the biomass boiler, or only set a set of pneumatic ash discharging devices 4 on one side of the ash hoppers 3. The operation principle operates according to the above embodiment.

[0035] In practical applications, the grate 2 is sequentially divided into three areas from left to right: a preheating area, a combustion area, and an afterburning area. One or more ash thickness detection devices 6 can be set in each area. When one ash thickness detection device is set in each area, the ash thickness detection device controls the opening and closing of all pneumatic ash discharging devices in its area; when multiple ash thickness detection devices are set in each area (in the case of not considering cost, generally one ash thickness detection device corresponds to one pneumatic ash discharging device), each ash thickness detection device is connected to the corresponding pneumatic ash discharging device in its area.

[0036] The above embodiment is a preferred implementation scheme of the present invention. In addition, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways. Any obvious replacement without departing from the concept of the technical solution is within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

[0037] In order to make it more convenient for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the improvements of the present invention over the prior art, some drawings and descriptions of the present invention have been simplified. And for the sake of clarity, some other elements have also been omitted in this application document. Those of ordinary skill in the art should be aware that these omitted elements can also constitute the content of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chain grate with a pneumatic ash dropping device, comprising a base (1) and a grate (2) arranged inside the base (1), wherein a plurality of groups of ash hoppers (3) are evenly distributed below the middle of the grate (2), and both ends of the ash hoppers (3) are fixedly connected to the base (1), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a plurality of groups of pneumatic ash dropping devices (4) and ash thickness detection devices (6) arranged on the base (1); an ash dropping plate (31) is provided at the bottom of the ash hopper (3); a movable ash dropping door (32) is provided on the ash dropping plate (31); and ash dropping holes are provided on both the ash dropping plate (31) and the ash dropping door (32); the ash dropping door (32) is connected to the pneumatic ash dropping device (4); and the ash thickness detection device (6) is electrically connected to the pneumatic ash dropping device (4) via a control system.

2. The chain grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic ash dropping device (4) comprises a cylinder (41) and an ash dropping rod (5), the piston rod of the cylinder (41) is fixedly connected to the ash dropping rod (5), and the ash dropping rod (5) is fixedly connected to the ash dropping door (32).

3. The chain grate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piston rod of the cylinder (41) is connected to the dust removal rod (5) via a connecting flange (51) and a connecting round steel (52), and a support cover (53) is also provided outside the connecting round steel (52).

4. The chain grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash thickness detection device (6) is an infrared thickness gauge.

5. The chain grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash dropping holes on the ash dropping plate (31) and the ash dropping holes on the ash dropping door (32) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the ash dropping holes on the ash dropping plate (31) and the ash dropping holes on the ash dropping door (32) are communicated by moving the ash dropping door (32).

6. The chain grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving shaft (11) is meshed on one side of the grate (2), and a driven shaft (12) is meshed on the other side of the grate (2). One end of the driving shaft (11) passes through the side wall of the base (1), and the driving shaft (11) is connected to a driving motor.

7. The chain grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag collecting device is provided on one side of the grate (2) and at the bottom of the base (1), a slag blocking plate (13) is provided above the slag collecting device, and one end of the slag collecting device passes through the side wall of the base (1).

8. The chain grate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Eight groups of ash hoppers (3) are evenly distributed below the inner middle of the grate (2), each group of the ash hoppers (3) corresponds to a group of pneumatic ash dropping devices (4), and air inlets are arranged on both sides of the ash hoppers (3).

9. The chain grate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The grate (2) is divided into three areas from left to right, namely a preheating area, a combustion area and a burnout area, and each area is provided with one or more ash thickness detection devices (6).

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