Quick battery replacement structure of micro electric excavator and micro electric excavator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery replacing devices, and provides a quick battery replacing structure of a miniature electric excavator and the miniature electric excavator. The battery bracket is arranged at the rear part of the vehicle, a plurality of accommodating spaces are arranged on the battery bracket, and each accommodating space is matched with the shape of the battery box; the battery box is slidably arranged in the accommodating space of the battery bracket, and single batteries are arranged in the battery box; a mechanical lock and an electronic lock are arranged outside the battery box on the battery support and used for locking the battery box in the containing space of the battery support. According to the utility model, the battery is divided into a plurality of single batteries which are respectively arranged by improving the battery replacement structure, so that the battery can be conveniently and quickly replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery swapping devices, and specifically, to a fast battery swapping structure for a micro electric excavator and a micro electric excavator. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this part merely provide background technical information related to the utility model, and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Currently, the power battery of a micro electric excavator is an integrated battery, which is non-removable and can only be charged on the whole machine. It needs to be moved near a charging pile for charging. The charging method is direct charging. After inserting the charging gun, the power battery is directly charged in the form of the maximum current until it is fully charged.

[0004] The inventor found in the research that there are the following problems in the charging of the micro electric excavator: long charging time and inability to quickly supplement power; integrated battery, large volume and weight of single battery, non-removable; inconvenient maintenance. If there is damage inside the integrated battery, it can only be replaced as a whole, with high cost; inconvenient charging, and it needs to be moved near the charging pile for charging. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a fast battery swapping structure for a micro electric excavator and a micro electric excavator. By improving the battery swapping structure, the battery is divided into multiple single batteries and set separately, which can realize convenient and fast battery replacement.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] One or more embodiments provide a fast battery swapping structure for a micro electric excavator, including a battery bracket and a battery box;

[0008] The battery bracket is arranged at the rear of the vehicle. Multiple accommodation spaces are arranged on the battery bracket, and the shape of each accommodation space is adapted to the outer shape of the battery box. The battery box is slidably arranged in the accommodation space of the battery bracket, and single batteries are arranged in the battery box.

[0009] A mechanical lock and an electronic lock are arranged outside the battery box on the battery rack for locking the battery box in the accommodation space of the battery bracket.

[0010] One or more embodiments provide a micro electric excavator, adopting the above fast battery swapping structure for a micro electric excavator.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0012] The present utility model is provided with a double lock of an electronic lock and a mechanical lock, which can ensure the reliability of battery replacement. The mechanical lock is a manually operated lock, and the electronic lock can send locking and unlocking information. By setting a control device, the state of the electronic lock can be intuitively identified.

[0013] The advantages of the present utility model and the advantages of additional aspects will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The schematic embodiments of the present utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute a limitation to the present utility model.

[0015] FIG. 1(a) is a front view of the structure of the battery bracket 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0016] FIG. 1(b) is a bottom view of the structure of the battery bracket 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0017] FIG. 1(c) is a top view of the structure of the battery bracket 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0018] FIG. 1(d) is a right view of the structure of the battery bracket 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0019] FIG. 1(e) is a left view of the structure of the battery bracket 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is a rear view of the vehicle with the quick battery replacement structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model arranged on the excavator body;

[0021] Figure 3 is a side view of the vehicle with the quick battery replacement structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model arranged on the excavator body;

[0022] FIG. 4(a) is a front view of the structure of a single battery box according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0023] FIG. 4(b) is a right view of the structure of a single battery box according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0024] FIG. 4(c) is a left view of the structure of a single battery box according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0025] FIG. 4(d) is a top view of the structure of a single battery box according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0026] FIG. 4(e) is a bottom view of the structure of a single battery box according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 4(f) Schematic structural diagram of a single battery in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model disposed in a battery box 2;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage box in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 is a block diagram of a control system of a micro electric excavator in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0030] Wherein: 1, battery bracket; 2, battery box; 3, motor controller; 4, high-voltage box; 5, motor; 6, storage battery; 7, locking mechanism; 8, OBC; 9, charging port;

[0031] 1-1, track; 1-2, mounting point; 1-3, vehicle communication port; 1-4, battery communication port; 1-5, high-voltage negative interface; 1-6, high-voltage positive interface; 1-7, heating port;

[0032] 2-1, positioning post; 2-2, slider;

[0033] 4-1, battery total positive interface; 4-2, discharge positive interface; 4-3, charging positive interface; 4-4, battery total negative interface; 4-5, charging negative interface; 4-6, discharge negative interface. Specific embodiments

[0034] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all exemplary and are intended to provide further descriptions of the present utility model. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present utility model. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] In the technical solutions disclosed in one or more embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 to Figure 6 shown, a rapid battery swapping structure of a micro electric excavator includes a battery bracket 1 and a battery box 2;

[0039] The battery bracket 1 is arranged at the rear of the vehicle. Multiple accommodation spaces are arranged on the battery bracket 1, and the shape of each accommodation space is adapted to the outer shape of the battery box 2; the battery box 2 is slidably arranged in the accommodation space of the battery bracket 1, and single cells are arranged in the battery box 2.

[0040] A locking mechanism 7 is arranged outside the battery box 2 on the battery rack. The locking mechanism 7 includes a mechanical lock and an electronic lock, and is used to lock the battery box 2 in the accommodation space of the battery bracket 1.

[0041] During use, when the battery swapping condition is met, the electronic lock and the mechanical lock are opened in sequence to draw out the battery box 2 that needs to be swapped. When the battery swapping is completed, the battery box 2 is inserted in place, and the mechanical lock and the electronic lock are locked in sequence.

[0042] In this embodiment, a double locking of an electronic lock and a mechanical lock is set, which can ensure the reliability of battery swapping. The mechanical lock is a manually operated lock, and the electronic lock can send locking and opening information. By setting a control device, the state of the electronic lock can be intuitively identified.

[0043] Further, multiple single cells are connected in series to supply power to the electrical devices of the vehicle.

[0044] Further, a sliding device is arranged in each battery box 2, and the battery box 2 is arranged in the battery bracket 1 through the sliding device.

[0045] In an optional implementation manner, the sliding device is specifically a slide rail manner. A slider 2-2 is arranged on the battery box 2, and a track 1-1 is arranged in the accommodation space of the battery bracket. The track 1-1 cooperates with the slider 2-2 to achieve a slidable connection.

[0046] In this embodiment, the battery is extracted by the slide rail manner, and the battery is more stable during the working process, greatly reducing the occupied space, with a compact structure and high utilization rate.

[0047] Another implementable embodiment is that the sliding device is specifically a roller structure. Rollers are arranged on the battery box 2, and a bottom plate is arranged in each accommodation space of the battery bracket 1. The battery box 2 slides in the accommodation space through the rollers.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the battery bracket 1 forms 6 accommodation spaces, and the overall battery can be divided into 6, greatly reducing the weight of a single battery, and manual battery swapping can be realized.

[0049] In a further technical solution, a battery swapping controller is also provided. The battery swapping controller is connected to the electronic lock and is used to receive the signals of the electronic lock being opened and locked.

[0050] In a further technical solution, the single cells in the battery box 2 are connected to the charging port 9 through a high-voltage box 4 and are directly charged through an external DC charging gun.

[0051] In this embodiment, two charging methods are provided. During the idle time of the excavator, it can be directly charged through a matching charging gun, and during the working period, the battery can be directly taken out for battery swapping.

[0052] Specifically, the structure of the single battery disposed in the battery box is shown in Fig. 4(f). The structure of the battery box 2 cancels the integral large battery in traditional new energy models. In this embodiment, the battery box 2 is improved. The entire battery system is divided into six small battery boxes 2. The battery box 2 is slidably connected to the battery bracket 1 to realize the extraction of the battery. At the same time, the small battery box 2 is light in weight and can be extracted by one person.

[0053] Furthermore, mounting points 1-2 are provided on the battery bracket 1 for fixing the battery bracket 1 to the vehicle body. An interface is provided on the bottom surface of the battery bracket 1. The interface includes a vehicle communication port 1-3, a battery communication port 1-4, a high-voltage negative interface 1-5, a high-voltage positive interface 1-6, and a heating port 1-7.

[0054] In some embodiments, the structure of the high-voltage box 4 is as Figure 5 shown. The high-voltage box (PDU) 4 is internally provided with a battery control unit (BMS). A high-voltage relay is connected to the high-voltage box. The high-voltage relay is connected to the vehicle electrical device. The high-voltage box is used to control the on-off of the high-voltage relay;

[0055] Specifically, the high-voltage box 4 includes a charging port, a discharging port, a heating port, a vehicle communication port, and a battery system communication port; the charging port includes a charging negative interface 4-5 and a charging positive interface 4-3, the discharging port includes a discharging positive interface 4-2 and a discharging negative interface 4-6; and it further includes a battery total positive interface 4-1 and a battery total negative interface 4-4;

[0056] Generally, the high-voltage box (PDU) is a high-voltage and large-current distribution unit in new energy products, and only controls the control of the high-voltage relay. In this embodiment, the high-voltage box also integrates a battery control unit (BMS). Through reasonable space arrangement, the management of the battery system can be realized on the premise of the same volume as the traditional high-voltage box. The high-voltage box (PDU) supplies power to certain specific units by closing and disconnecting different high-voltage relays, thereby realizing power supply control.

[0057] In some embodiments, the structure of the battery box 2 is shown in Fig. 4(a), and includes a box body shell. The box body shell is provided with positioning posts 2-1. Positioning grooves are provided on the battery bracket 1. The surface of the positioning post 2-1 is a spline surface, and it is matched with the positioning groove by rotation to determine whether the battery box 2 is installed in place;

[0058] When in use, the single cells are connected in series and then connected to the storage battery 6 through the high-voltage box. The storage battery 6 is a power supply battery for the low-voltage system of the whole machine, which is a 24V power supply. The single cells in the battery box 2 are connected in series and then distributed with high-voltage power through the high-voltage box, and then converted through DCDC to convert high-voltage DC power into low-voltage DC power to charge the storage battery. The storage battery then supplies power to other 24V electrical equipment in the whole vehicle.

[0059] The battery replacement structure of this embodiment can effectively increase the working time of the micro electric excavator, and it can quickly replenish power without moving to the vicinity of the charging pile. The battery replacement is convenient. Turn on the locking switch and the battery can be pulled out by sliding. One person can complete the battery replacement without the help of external equipment. A single battery is only 18kg, and six batteries weigh a total of 108kg. Instead of using the unified charging pile of the charging station, a special charging device can be set up to adapt to the battery replacement, which can well protect the battery life and ensure safety.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a micro electric excavator, which adopts the quick power replacement structure of the micro electric excavator described in Example 1;

[0062] A specific layout structure, such as Figure 2 As shown, the battery bracket 1 is arranged at the upper end of the motor controller 3, the high-voltage box 4 is arranged at the bottom end, and the OBC 8 is arranged between the battery bracket 1 and the high-voltage box;

[0063] Among them, OBC refers to On-Board Charger;

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the excavator body, the charging port 9 is arranged on the side of the body, and the motor 5 is arranged at the lower end of the battery bracket 1.

[0065] like Figure 6 As shown, the battery swap controller of the fast battery swap structure is connected to the vehicle controller in communication. The vehicle controller of the micro electric excavator adopts the RC4-5 controller, which is connected to the battery swap controller and the motor controller.

[0066] Furthermore, the control system of the mini electric excavator is also provided with a control button, wherein the control button includes a one-button start button and a knob, and the RC4-5 controller is electrically connected to the control button;

[0067] Furthermore, the control system of the micro electric excavator is also provided with a water temperature sensor, a water pump, an oil temperature sensor, and a display; the water temperature sensor, the water pump, the oil temperature sensor, and the display are respectively communicatively connected to the RC4-5 controller. The RC4-5 controller controls the operation of the water pump according to the data detected by the water temperature sensor, and the display is used to indicate various detection results and the current operating state.

[0068] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0069] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, various modifications or deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick power replacement structure for a micro electric excavator, characterized in that: Including battery bracket and battery box; The battery bracket is arranged at the rear of the vehicle, and a plurality of accommodating spaces are arranged on the battery bracket, and each accommodating space is adapted to the shape of the battery box; the battery box is slidably arranged in the accommodating space of the battery bracket, and a single battery is arranged in the battery box; A mechanical lock and an electronic lock are arranged outside the battery box on the battery rack to lock the battery box in the accommodation space of the battery bracket.

2. The quick battery replacement structure of a micro electric excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of single cells are connected in series to supply power to the electrical devices of the vehicle.

3. The quick battery replacement structure of a micro electric excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding device is arranged in each battery box, and a single battery is built into the battery box through the sliding device.

4. The quick battery replacement structure of a micro electric excavator as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding device is specifically a slide rail type. A slider is arranged on the battery box, and a track is arranged in the accommodating space of the battery bracket. The track cooperates with the slider to achieve a slidable connection.

5. The quick battery replacement structure of a micro electric excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding device is specifically a roller structure. The battery box is provided with a roller. A bottom plate is provided in each accommodation space of the battery bracket. The battery box is slidable in the accommodation space through the roller.

6. The quick battery replacement structure of a micro electric excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A battery replacement controller is also provided, which is connected to the electronic lock and is used to receive signals for opening and locking the electronic lock.

7. The quick battery replacement structure of a micro electric excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single cells in the battery box are connected to the charging port via a high voltage box.

8. The quick battery replacement structure of a micro electric excavator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The high-voltage box is connected to a high-voltage relay, which is connected to the vehicle's electrical device. The high-voltage box is used to control the on-off of the high-voltage relay.

9. The quick battery replacement structure of a micro electric excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery box includes a box shell, the box shell is provided with a positioning column, the battery bracket is provided with a positioning groove, the surface of the positioning column is a spline surface, and the positioning column cooperates with the positioning groove by rotation to determine whether the battery box is installed in place.

10. A mini electric excavator, characterized in that: A quick power replacement structure for a micro electric excavator is adopted as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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