Anchor mooring buoy for monitoring atmosphere / water body interface radiation environment

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anchoring buoy for monitoring an atmosphere / water body interface radiation environment, which comprises a buoy body floating on the water surface, a bracket is arranged at the upper end of the buoy body, and a radar reflector, an integrated meteorological instrument, a navigation lamp, a Beidou communication terminal, a thunder and lightning sensor and an atmosphere gamma radiation energy disperse spectroscopy are arranged on the bracket; an electric sealing cabin is arranged in the buoy body; the lower end of the buoy body is provided with a vertical tail pipe and an object blocking barrel used for installing a water body gamma radiation energy disperse spectroscopy. The method comprises the following steps of: monitoring by adopting double gamma radiation energy spectrometers, carrying out radiation environment comparison and radionuclide activity concentration comparison of atmosphere and water body at the same time at the same position or on the same line by using gamma radiation energy spectrum detectors of the same type and the same size, and researching a causal relationship or an association relationship between radiation environments at two sides of an atmosphere / water body interface; therefore, the radioactive contamination diffusion direction monitoring between the atmosphere and the water body is realized, and the comprehensiveness, the accuracy and the credibility of the monitoring result are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of radiation detection, in particular to an anchored buoy for monitoring the radiation environment of the atmosphere / water interface. Background Art

[0002] The number of marine military nuclear-powered ships, civilian nuclear-powered merchant ships, nuclear fuel transport ships, and nuclear waste transport ships for disposal is constantly increasing, and the probability of nuclear accidents at sea is constantly increasing. It is very easy to cause serious damage to the marine radiation environment on which human beings depend for survival. This makes it necessary for us to carry out long-term and effective online monitoring of the marine radiation environment, as well as emergency monitoring of the radiation environment under nuclear accident conditions.

[0003] At present, the methods for monitoring the marine radiation environment mainly adopt three methods: online continuous monitoring at fixed points, mobile platform inspections, and on-site sampling laboratory analysis and measurement. For the first two existing monitoring methods, the radiation monitoring equipment, monitoring content and monitoring methods are relatively simple, and cannot meet the needs of various accident causes, complex atmospheric environmental conditions, and complex marine environments under nuclear accident conditions. For example, it is limited to the monitoring method of atmospheric gamma radiation dose rate meter on the sea surface or the monitoring method of gamma radiation energy spectrometer in the water body. The disadvantage is that the atmospheric gamma radiation dose rate meter can only provide dose rate information in the radiation environment, and cannot identify radioactive nuclides in the atmospheric radiation environment and monitor activity concentration in the atmosphere, and cannot achieve comprehensive monitoring of the radioactive nuclide level. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an anchored buoy for monitoring the radiation environment of the atmosphere / water interface to solve the above problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: an anchored buoy for monitoring the radiation environment of the atmosphere / water body interface, comprising a buoy body floating on the water surface, a bracket is installed at the upper end of the buoy body, a radar reflector and an integrated meteorological instrument are arranged on one side of the upper end of the bracket, a navigation light and a Beidou communication terminal are arranged on the other side of the upper end of the bracket, a lightning sensor is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the bracket, and an atmospheric gamma radiation energy spectrometer is arranged on one side of the middle part of the bracket; an electrical sealing cabin is arranged inside the buoy body; a vertical tail pipe and a debris bucket for installing the water body gamma radiation energy spectrometer are arranged at the lower end of the buoy body, and a power supply for powering the atmospheric gamma radiation energy spectrometer and the water body gamma radiation energy spectrometer is also provided.

[0006] The measurement principle of the gamma radiation spectrometer is to utilize the interaction between gamma radiation and the energy spectrum detector, such as scintillation detectors and semiconductor detectors, to produce effects such as photoelectric absorption, Compton scattering, and electron pair production. The photoelectric absorption effect mainly occurs in the low-energy segment of gamma radiation, and the electron pair production mainly occurs in the high-energy segment. The Compton scattering process mainly occurs between the two energy segments. The energy deposited by gamma radiation in the scintillation detector is converted into electrons by a photomultiplier tube and forms a gamma radiation energy spectrum in a series of electronics such as a high-voltage unit, a preamplifier circuit, and a digital multi-channel analyzer. Measuring the energy spectrum within a certain period of time can be converted into the gamma radiation dose rate. By performing radionuclide analysis and radioactive nuclide calibration, the activity concentration of radionuclides in the atmosphere or water body can be obtained.

[0007] The dual gamma radiation spectrometer preferably uses the same type of gamma radiation energy spectrum detector, such as existing NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors, LaBr3(Ce) scintillation detectors, CeBr3 scintillation detectors, or HPGe semiconductor detectors, etc. At the same time, detectors with the same shape and size should also be used. This facilitates the comparison of the results of gamma radiation dose rate and radionuclide activity concentration.

[0008] The present utility model adopts the dual gamma radiation spectrometer method to monitor the radiation environment at the air / water interface, namely the atmospheric gamma radiation spectrometer and the water body gamma radiation spectrometer. For the atmospheric gamma radiation spectrometer, the sensitive center of the detector is located on the water surface of the ocean (or lake, river, etc.). Its functions are both to monitor the atmospheric dose rate and to identify radionuclides and monitor the corresponding activity concentration of atmospheric radionuclides. For the water body gamma radiation spectrometer, the sensitive center of the detector is located in the water body of the ocean (or lake, river, etc.). Its functions are both to monitor the water body dose rate and to identify radionuclides and monitor the corresponding activity concentration of water body radionuclides.

[0009] The water body in this application not only includes ocean water bodies but also lake water bodies and river water bodies, etc.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution: The power supply is a storage battery and a solar panel, and the solar panel is located in the middle of the bracket. With sufficient capacity of the solar panel and the storage battery, the solar panel can continuously charge the storage battery, which can ensure the long-term stable online monitoring of the dual gamma radiation spectrometer, instantly analyze and judge the source item of the radioactive pollution source, whether it comes from the atmospheric environment or water body pollution, and analyze the radioactive pollution level, etc.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution: A lightning rod is also provided on the other side of the upper end of the bracket. By setting the lightning rod, the operation safety and reliability of the moored buoy are further guaranteed.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution: An X-shaped sign is also provided in the middle of the upper end of the bracket. The X-shaped sign is a special yellow sign for buoys, indicating a non-navigation channel.

[0013] The moored buoy for monitoring the radiation environment at the air / water interface by the dual gamma-ray spectrometers provided by the present utility model can be widely applied to waters / water bodies such as the ocean, lakes, and rivers. By using the dual gamma-ray spectrometers installed on the moored buoy platform, long-term online monitoring of the radiation environment dose rate and the activity concentration of radionuclides on both sides of the air and water interface at specific positions and specific regions can be carried out, and the differences in the monitoring results of the two can be compared. When analyzing the problems of radioactive pollution sources in radiation / radioactivity monitoring and the diffusion direction problem at the air / water interface, the monitoring results of the dual gamma-ray spectrometers can provide valuable information.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present utility model are as follows: The present utility model uses dual gamma-ray spectrometers for monitoring, uses gamma-ray spectrometer detectors of the same type and the same size, and conducts a comparison of the radiation environment and the activity concentration of radionuclides in the air and water at the same time (period) at the same position or on the same line, so as to study the causal relationship or correlation relationship between the radiation environments on both sides of the air / water interface, thereby realizing the comprehensive monitoring of the air and water, and improving the accuracy and credibility of the monitoring results. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Buoy body; 2. Radar reflector; 3. Integrated weather station; 4. Solar panel; 5. Atmospheric gamma-ray spectrometer; 6. Vertical tail pipe; 7. Debris barrel; 8. Electrical sealing cabin; 9. Lightning sensor; 10. Navigation light; 11. Beidou communication terminal; 12. Lightning rod; 13. X-shaped sign. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings. Embodiment

[0018] See Figure 1, an anchored buoy for monitoring the radiation environment at the air / water interface, comprising a buoy body 1 floating on the water surface. A bracket is installed at the upper end of the buoy body 1. On one side of the upper end of the bracket, a radar reflector 2 and an integrated weather station 3 are provided. On the other side of the upper end of the bracket, a navigation light 10 and a Beidou communication terminal 11 are provided. In the middle of the upper end of the bracket, a lightning sensor 9 is provided. On one side of the middle of the bracket, an atmospheric gamma radiation spectrometer 5 is provided; an electrical seal cabin 8 is arranged inside the buoy body 1; a vertical tail pipe 6 and an obstacle bucket 7 for installing a water body gamma radiation spectrometer are arranged at the lower end of the buoy body 1, and a power supply for supplying power to the atmospheric gamma radiation spectrometer 5 and the water body gamma radiation spectrometer is also provided;

[0019] The vertical tail pipe 6 is used for mooring the anchor chain to keep the buoy body within a limited range;

[0020] The obstacle bucket 7 is used for installing a water body gamma radiation spectrometer to measure the gamma radiation dose rate in the marine water environment, perform gamma radiation energy spectrum accumulation and radioactive nuclide identification, or other sensors;

[0021] In this embodiment, the power supply is a storage battery and a solar panel 4, and the solar panel 4 is located in the middle of the bracket; a lightning rod 12 is also provided on the other side of the upper end of the bracket; an X-shaped sign 13 is also provided in the middle of the upper end of the bracket;

[0022] It should be noted that unless otherwise specified, the above various components are all commercially available;

[0023] In this embodiment, the installation method of the dual gamma radiation spectrometers: The atmospheric gamma radiation spectrometer 5, as described above, is installed above the water surface of the corresponding buoy body to ensure that the center of the sensitive volume of the detector is 1 meter above the water surface and is installed on the buoy body platform or bracket; the water body gamma radiation spectrometer should be in the corresponding water body during use, and as much as possible, ensure that the center of the sensitive volume of the detector is below 0.5 meters below the water surface. Therefore, it is installed in the obstacle bucket downward from the buoy body. Of course, it can also be at different depths on the anchor chain of the moored anchored buoy.

[0024] When the above-mentioned anchored buoy is in use, it is used in conjunction with a data acquisition and control system. Among them, for the communication system, in addition to the Beidou communication terminal 11, a 5G communication terminal is preferably set, and the two communication terminals are backup to each other. All sensing and monitoring information (including spectrometer, meteorological, and safety information) will be uploaded to the platform by 5G according to a specific protocol. When the 5G module communication is interrupted or fails, the Beidou terminal will transmit the core information (except for the spectrometer data);

[0025] The integrated weather instrument 3 is also commercially available. It uses a six-in-one meteorological environment sensor, integrating 6 environmental parameters for monitoring in a compact body, namely air temperature, air humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall;

[0026] Compartment monitoring includes five parameters: water ingress induction, hatch opening, cabin temperature, cabin humidity, and battery voltage, mainly providing data support for the internal health status of the buoy system;

[0027] Attitude monitoring includes six parameters: longitude, latitude, altitude, roll angle, pitch angle, and heading angle, providing data support for judging buoy offset and rollover;

[0028] The lightning warning system uses a lightning sensor as the data source. Through platform analysis, if the atmospheric electric field strength reaches the warning intensity, it will independently make a decision to issue a warning to the user;

[0029] The buoy communication and navigation system includes a radar reflector and an integrated navigation light, which provide avoidance prompts and prevent collisions for passing ships, and have a navigation assistance function.

[0030] The above functions are all self-provided functions of commercially available components, and the electrical connection and control with the control system are also prior arts well-known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0031] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchored buoy for monitoring the radiation environment at the atmosphere / water interface, comprising a buoy body (1) floating on the water surface, characterized in that: A bracket is installed at the upper end of the buoy body (1); a radar reflector (2) and an integrated meteorological instrument (3) are arranged on one side of the upper end of the bracket; a navigation light (10) and a Beidou communication terminal (11) are arranged on the other side of the upper end of the bracket; a lightning sensor (9) is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the bracket; and an atmospheric gamma radiation spectrometer (5) is arranged on one side of the middle part of the bracket; an electrical sealing cabin (8) is arranged inside the buoy body (1); a vertical tail pipe (6) and a debris bucket (7) for installing a water body gamma radiation spectrometer are arranged at the lower end of the buoy body (1); and a power supply for supplying power to the atmospheric gamma radiation spectrometer (5) and the water body gamma radiation spectrometer is also arranged.

2. The moored buoy for monitoring the radiation environment at the atmosphere / water interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power source is a storage battery and a solar panel (4); the solar panel (4) is located in the middle of the bracket.

3. The moored buoy for monitoring the radiation environment at the atmosphere / water interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lightning rod (12) is also provided on the other side of the upper end of the bracket.

4. The moored buoy for monitoring the radiation environment at the atmosphere / water interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: An X-shaped mark (13) is also provided in the middle of the upper end of the bracket.

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