Quick-release X-shaped clamp of excavator

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of excavators, and particularly relates to a quick-release X-shaped clamp of an excavator, which comprises a mounting plate, a quick-release hanging lug plate, a lower support lug and a hydraulic telescopic rod, the inner wall of the lower support lug is rotatably connected with two grabbing plates, the two grabbing plates are respectively provided with two and three abdicating notches, and the two abdicating notches and the three abdicating notches are arranged on the mounting plate. Telescopic claws are slidably connected to the inner walls of the receding notches, claw heads are installed at one ends of the five telescopic claws, the claw heads make contact with one ends of the corresponding grabbing plates, and gears are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two grabbing plates. By controlling the gear to rotate, the telescopic grabber can achieve sliding adjustment in the inner-outer direction of the receding notch, then the length of the claw of the combination of the grabbing plate and the telescopic grabber is adjusted, and when the grabbed object is large and exceeds the load capacity of the grabbing plate, the grabbing range of the grabbing plate and the telescopic grabber is adjusted to be expanded, so that the grabbing efficiency is improved. And therefore, large-size objects can be conveniently clamped and transferred, the use is flexible, and the requirement for variable-condition work can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of excavators, and particularly relates to a quick-release X-type fixture for an excavator. Background Art

[0002] Excavators are commonly used in fields such as engineering construction, resource development, disaster relief and rescue, etc., and can replace manual labor to carry out various tasks. As an important construction machinery, the fixture at one end of the excavator arm is usually called "excavator grab", "excavator clamp", "excavator gripper", etc., and is selected according to the grabbing object. Among them, the X-type fixture is a commonly used gripper for excavators. When the X-type fixture is connected and installed with the excavator, the arm hole position is usually aligned with the X-type fixture hole position, and then two pin bearings are inserted into the hole positions and fixed, so as to complete the quick disassembly and assembly. The quick-release docking method is beneficial to switching functional fixtures. However, when the X-type fixture is in use, due to the fixed size of the claw plate, the fixture can only grab objects of corresponding sizes. When the diameter of the object is large, it is difficult to grab, and the flexibility is insufficient, making it difficult to meet the work with changing situations. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The utility model provides a quick-release X-type fixture for an excavator, which has the characteristic of being convenient for improving the flexible adjustment of the size of the X-type fixture.

[0004] The utility model provides the following technical scheme: including a mounting plate, a quick-release hanging ear plate, a lower ear and a hydraulic telescopic rod. Two claw plates are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the lower ear. Two and three relief notches are respectively formed on the two claw plates. A telescopic claw is slidably connected to the inner wall of the relief notch. Claw heads are installed at one ends of the five telescopic claws, and the claw heads are in contact with one ends of the corresponding claw plates. Gears are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two claw plates, and the gears are meshed with one side of the corresponding telescopic claws. The telescopic claws control the clamping range of the claw plates.

[0005] Wherein, two connecting rods are arranged in each of the two claw plates, and the connecting rods are fixedly connected between the corresponding two or three telescopic claws. A limiting chute corresponding to the position of the connecting rod is formed in the claw plate, and the connecting rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding limiting chute.

[0006] Wherein, a driving tube is fixedly connected to one side of the gear, and the driving tube is flush with one side of the claw plate. Inner hexagonal through holes are provided in both the gear and the driving tube.

[0007] Wherein, an inner groove is formed in the claw plate. A hexagonal limiting rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the gear. A limiting disc is fixedly connected to one end of the hexagonal limiting rod, and the limiting disc is slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding inner groove. A return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner groove, and the return spring is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting disc.

[0008] Among them, one end of the hexagonal limiting rod is fixedly connected to a spherical crown plate, and the side wall of the gear is provided with a plurality of spherical rolling bodies, and the plurality of spherical rolling bodies are all slidably connected to the corresponding inner wall of the grab plate.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: by controlling the rotation of the gear, the telescopic gripper can achieve sliding adjustment in the directions inside and outside the gap, thereby adjusting the claw length of the gripping plate and the telescopic gripper combination; when the gripped object is larger than the load capacity of the gripping plate itself, the gripping range is expanded by adjusting the gripping plate and the telescopic gripper, thereby facilitating the clamping and transfer of larger objects; the utility model is flexible to use and can meet the needs of work in changing situations; in addition, the telescopic gripper always remains flush with the gripping plate, thereby achieving joint force bearing of the telescopic gripper and the gripping plate, thereby improving stability during use.

[0010] The parts not involved in the device are the same as those in the prior art or can be implemented by using the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a front view cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional enlarged structural schematic diagram of the grab plate in the utility model;

[0013] Figure 3 It is a side view structural diagram of the grab plate in the utility model;

[0014] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A part;

[0015] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top cross-sectional structure of the gear and other components in the utility model.

[0016] In the figure: 1. mounting plate; 11. quick-detachable ear plate; 12. lower ear; 13. hydraulic telescopic rod; 2. grab plate; 21. clearance gap; 22. telescopic grab; 221. claw head; 23. connecting rod; 231. limiting slide groove; 24. inner groove; 25. reset spring; 3. gear; 31. driving tube; 32. hexagonal limiting rod; 321. limiting disk; 322. ball crown plate; 33. spherical rolling body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] See also Figures 1 - 5, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: It includes a mounting plate 1, a quick-release hanging ear plate 11, a lower support ear 12, and a hydraulic telescopic rod 13. Two clamping plates 2 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the lower support ear 12. Two and three relief notches 21 are respectively formed on the two clamping plates 2. A telescopic clamp 22 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the relief notch 21. Claw heads 221 are installed at one ends of the five telescopic clamps 22. The claw heads 221 are in contact with one end of the corresponding clamping plate 2. Gears 3 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two clamping plates 2. The gears 3 are meshed with one side of the corresponding telescopic clamp 22, and the telescopic clamp 22 controls the clamping range of the clamping plate 2.

[0018] In this implementation scheme: The device is quickly installed and disassembled with the excavator manipulator through the quick-release hanging ear plate 11 and the pin bearing. The mounting plate 1 plays a connecting role between the quick-release hanging ear plate 11 and the lower support ear 12. The lower support ear 12 supports the clamping plates 2. The two hydraulic telescopic rods 13 drive the two clamping plates 2, enabling the two clamping plates 2 to perform rotational swinging operations. One of the clamping plates 2 is a two-claw plate, and the other clamping plate 2 is a three-claw plate. When the two clamping plates 2 are combined, they are mutually engaged using the notches to form an X-shaped fixture for clamping and transferring materials. Both of the two clamping plates 2 yield to the corresponding telescopic clamps 22 through the relief notches 21 on themselves. The telescopic clamps 22 are flush with the side wall of the clamping side of the corresponding clamping plate 2. The telescopic clamps 22 correspond to the center of the corresponding clamping plate 2. When the telescopic clamps 22 slide on the inner wall of the relief notch 21, the telescopic clamps 22 can extend beyond one end of the clamping plate 2, enabling the telescopic clamps 22 to expand the clamping range of the clamping plate 2. Moreover, the telescopic clamps 22 always remain flush with the clamping plate 2, realizing that the telescopic clamps 22 and the clamping plate 2 share the force together, improving the stability during use. The telescopic clamps 22 support the corresponding claw heads 221. It is convenient to grab materials using the claw heads 221 at the initial stage. The materials are shoveled to the inner side of the arc of the clamping plate 2 and the telescopic clamps 22. The claw heads 221 follow the adjustment as the position of the telescopic clamps 22 on the clamping plate 2 changes. Both of the two clamping plates 2 adjust the position of the telescopic clamps 22 through the internal gears 3. By controlling the rotation of the gears 3, the gears 3 are engaged with the clamping plates 2, and the position of the gears 3 cannot change, enabling the telescopic clamps 22 to slide and adjust in the inner and outer directions of the relief notch 21, thereby adjusting the length of the claws formed by the combination of the clamping plate 2 and the telescopic clamps 22. When the grabbed object is larger and exceeds the load capacity of the clamping plate 2 itself, the telescopic clamps 22 are controlled to extend outwards from the relief notch 21, expanding the clamping range of the clamping plate 2 and the telescopic clamps 22, and thus facilitating the clamping and transferring work of larger objects. It is flexible in use and can meet the work with changing situations.

[0019] There are two connecting rods 23 arranged in each of the two gripper plates 2. The connecting rods 23 are fixedly connected between the corresponding two or three telescopic grippers 22. A limiting chute 231 corresponding to the position of the connecting rod 23 is formed in the gripper plate 2, and the connecting rod 23 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding limiting chute 231. The two connecting rods 23 connect and fix the two or three telescopic grippers 22 in the corresponding gripper plate 2, so that the same group of telescopic grippers 22 can achieve synchronous position adjustment. The limiting chute 231 provides a sliding track for the connecting rod 23. The overall shape of the limiting chute 231 is an arc-shaped bend, and the limiting chute 231 is consistent with the axis position of the gripper plate 2, so that the telescopic gripper 22 can always be flush with the gripper plate 2, and the telescopic gripper 22 can be stressed together with the gripper plate 2.

[0020] One side of the gear 3 is fixedly connected with a driving tube 31. The driving tube 31 is flush with one side of the gripper plate 2. Inner hexagonal through holes are provided in both the gear 3 and the driving tube 31. The driving tube 31 is communicated with the external environment. The inner hexagonal through holes inside the driving tube 31 and the gear 3 facilitate the staff to rotate and drive the gear 3 through tools such as hexagonal rods.

[0021] An inner groove 24 is formed in the gripper plate 2. A hexagonal limiting rod 32 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the gear 3. One end of the hexagonal limiting rod 32 is fixedly connected with a limiting disc 321. The limiting disc 321 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding inner groove 24. A return spring 25 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner groove 24. The return spring 25 is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting disc 321. The inner groove 24 guides and limits the sliding of the hexagonal limiting rod 32 and the limiting disc 321. The return spring 25 pushes the hexagonal limiting rod 32, so that the hexagonal limiting rod 32 can be inserted into the gear 3 and the driving tube 31, and then the hexagonal limiting rod 32 can limit the gear 3 and the driving tube 31, preventing the gear 3 from rotating again after the position adjustment of the telescopic gripper 22 by the gear 3. The gear 3 drives the telescopic gripper 22 to be limited, so that the position of the telescopic gripper 22 remains fixed and does not slide. At the same time, the hexagonal limiting rod 32 fills the through hole in the driving tube 31 to prevent external impurities from entering the driving tube 31. If impurities enter accidentally, the return spring 25 pushes the hexagonal limiting rod 32 to slide, so that the hexagonal limiting rod 32 can push out the entering impurities. The limiting disc 321 limits the hexagonal limiting rod 32 to prevent the hexagonal limiting rod 32 from detaching from the gripper plate 2.

[0022] One end of the hexagonal limiting rod 32 is fixedly connected to a spherical crown plate 322, and a plurality of spherical rolling bodies 33 are provided on the side wall of the gear 3, and the plurality of spherical rolling bodies 33 are slidably connected to the corresponding inner wall of the grab plate 2; when the gear 3 is driven to rotate, the worker holds the hexagonal tool knife and inserts it into the driving tube 31, and the tool contacts and squeezes the spherical crown plate 322. The spherical crown plate 322 can reduce the friction between the tool and the hexagonal limiting rod 32, and then when the tool pushes the hexagonal limiting rod 32 out of the internal through hole of the gear 3, the hexagonal limiting rod 32 no longer limits the gear 3, and then the tool drives the gear 3 to rotate, so that the telescopic grip 22 is adjusted in position, and when the gear 3 rotates, it drives the plurality of spherical rolling bodies 33 to rotate and slide, thereby reducing the movement resistance between the gear 3 and the inside of the grab plate 2, which is beneficial to the driving work of the gear 3 on the telescopic grip 22.

[0023] The working principle and use process of the utility model are as follows: when the object to be transferred is large and exceeds the load capacity of the grab plate 2 itself, the worker holds the hexagonal tool knife and inserts it into the drive tube 31, and the tool contacts and squeezes the ball crown plate 322. The ball crown plate 322 can reduce the friction between the tool and the hexagonal limiting rod 32, and then when the tool pushes the hexagonal limiting rod 32 out of the internal through hole of the gear 3, the hexagonal limiting rod 32 no longer limits the gear 3, and then the tool drives the gear 3 to rotate, and the gear 3 meshes with the grab plate 2, and the position of the gear 3 is fixed and cannot be changed, so that the grab plate 2 can be realized The sliding adjustment in the inward and outward directions of the clearance gap 21 can adjust the claw length of the combination of the grasping plate 2 and the telescopic grasping 22, and then the tool is pulled outward to rotate and fine-tune the gear 3 so that the hexagonal limit rod 32 can re-enter the gear 3. The hexagonal limit rod 32 limits the gear 3 and the driving tube 31 to prevent the gear 3 from rotating, so that the position of the telescopic grasping 22 remains fixed and does not slide. When used subsequently, the grasping range of the grasping plate 2 and the telescopic grasping 22 is expanded, which makes it easier to clamp and transfer larger objects. It is flexible to use and can meet the needs of work in changing situations.

Claims

1. A quick-detachable X-shaped clamp for an excavator, comprising a mounting plate (1), a quick-detachable lug plate (11), a lower lug (12) and a hydraulic telescopic rod (13), characterized in that: The inner wall of the lower support ear (12) is rotatably connected to two gripping plates (2), and the two gripping plates (2) are respectively provided with two and three clearance notches (21). The inner wall of the clearance notch (21) is slidably connected to a telescopic grip (22), and one end of each of the five telescopic grips (22) is provided with a claw head (221), and the claw head (221) contacts one end of the corresponding gripping plate (2). The inner walls of the two gripping plates (2) are rotatably connected to a gear (3), and the gear (3) is meshingly connected to one side of the corresponding telescopic grip (22). The telescopic grip (22) controls the clamping range of the gripping plate (2).

2. The quick-release X-shaped clamp for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two connecting rods (23) are arranged in each of the two grab plates (2), and the connecting rods (23) are fixedly connected between the corresponding two or three telescopic grabs (22). A limiting sliding groove (231) corresponding to the position of the connecting rod (23) is opened in the grab plate (2), and the connecting rod (23) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding limiting sliding groove (231).

3. The quick-release X-shaped clamp for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive tube (31) is fixedly connected to one side of the gear (3), the drive tube (31) is flush with one side of the grab plate (2), and both the gear (3) and the drive tube (31) are provided with internal hexagonal through holes.

4. The quick-release X-shaped clamp for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner groove (24) is provided in the grab plate (2); a hexagonal limiting rod (32) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the gear (3); one end of the hexagonal limiting rod (32) is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (321); the limiting plate (321) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding inner groove (24); a return spring (25) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner groove (24); and the return spring (25) is fixedly connected to one side of the limit plate (321).

5. The quick-release X-shaped clamp for excavators according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the hexagonal limiting rod (32) is fixedly connected to a spherical crown plate (322), and the side wall of the gear (3) is provided with a plurality of spherical rolling bodies (33), and the plurality of spherical rolling bodies (33) are slidably connected to the corresponding inner wall of the grab plate (2).

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