Energy storage cooling system

Abstract

An energy storage cooling system comprises a natural cooling unit which comprises a radiator and a condensation fan; the mechanical refrigeration unit comprises a second condenser, a compressor and an evaporator; the tail end heat exchange unit is connected with the liquid outlet ends of the natural cooling unit and the mechanical refrigeration unit through a liquid inlet pipeline, and is connected with the liquid return ends of the natural cooling unit and the mechanical refrigeration unit through a liquid return pipeline; an infusion pump; the radiator, the condensate fan and the second condenser are arranged in the refrigerator case, the radiator and the second condenser are adjacently arranged and located on the inner side of the air inlet, and the second condenser is of a frame type structure. The system is provided with the natural cooling unit and the mechanical refrigeration unit, corresponding units can be used for cooling according to the application environment, and the overall efficiency of the system is improved. And the second condenser is of a frame type structure, the influence on air convection formed under the action of the fan is small, the structure is compact, contact with the external environment is facilitated, and heat can be dissipated more effectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of liquid cooling systems, and particularly relates to a cooling system for an energy storage battery system. Background Art

[0002] The energy storage battery system is an important part of modern power systems and smart grids. Compared with other energy storage methods, electrochemical energy storage has the advantages of short response time, high energy density, and small site restrictions. The energy storage battery system generally has a large battery capacity and high power, and the heat generated by the internal battery requires high heat dissipation. Poor heat dissipation will affect the performance and operation reliability of the energy storage battery system. Therefore, an effective heat dissipation method must be adopted. The energy storage cooling system can provide good heat dissipation conditions for the operation of the battery, and discharge heat by exchanging heat between the battery and the cooling medium, so that the energy storage battery system operates safely and normally. At present, the energy storage cooling system mainly has two forms: air cooling and liquid cooling. The air cooling system has a simple structure, but when the battery generates a large amount of heat, the cooling effect often fails to meet the requirements. Compared with the air cooling system, the liquid cooling system has better cooling effect and more uniform temperature, but the structure of the existing liquid cooling system still has room for optimization, and the overall efficiency still needs to be improved. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an energy storage cooling system with good heat dissipation effect and compact structure.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted in the utility model:

[0005] An energy storage cooling system, comprising: a natural cooling unit, the natural cooling unit includes a radiator and a condensation fan; a mechanical refrigeration unit, the mechanical refrigeration unit includes a second condenser, a compressor and an evaporator; a terminal heat exchange unit, the terminal heat exchange unit is connected to the liquid outlet end of the natural cooling unit and the liquid outlet end of the mechanical refrigeration unit through a liquid inlet pipeline, and is connected to the liquid return end of the natural cooling unit and the liquid return end of the mechanical refrigeration unit through a liquid return pipeline; an infusion pump for providing power to the coolant; the radiator, the condensation fan and the second condenser are arranged in a cold machine chassis, the radiator and the second condenser are arranged adjacent to each other and are located inside the air inlet of the cold machine chassis, and the second condenser is of a frame structure.

[0006] For the energy storage cooling system as described above, optionally, the second condenser is in a mouth shape; and / or, the second condenser is arranged along the contour of the radiator.

[0007] For the energy storage cooling system as described above, optionally, the second condenser is located outside the radiator, or the radiator is located outside the second condenser.

[0008] For the energy storage cooling system described above, optionally, the second condenser is located outside the radiator, and the radiator is located between the second condenser and the condensation fan.

[0009] For the energy storage cooling system described above, optionally, the air inlet is located on the side plate of the chiller cabinet, and the top plate of the chiller cabinet is provided with an air outlet.

[0010] For the energy storage cooling system described above, optionally, the natural cooling unit and the mechanical refrigeration unit are connected to the terminal heat exchange unit in an alternative manner. The liquid outlet end of the radiator is connected to the first liquid cooling pipeline, and the liquid return end is connected to the second liquid cooling pipeline; the evaporator is connected with the third liquid cooling pipeline and the fourth liquid cooling pipeline; the first liquid cooling pipeline and the third liquid cooling pipeline are connected to the liquid inlet pipeline through a switching valve, the liquid infusion pump is arranged on the liquid return pipeline, and the second liquid cooling pipeline and the fourth liquid cooling pipeline are connected to the liquid infusion pump.

[0011] For the energy storage cooling system described above, optionally, the terminal heat exchange unit includes a first heat exchange structure for dissipating heat from the energy storage medium and a second heat exchange structure for dissipating heat from the PCS; the liquid inlet pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet end of the first heat exchange structure, and the liquid return pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet end of the first heat exchange structure; the liquid inlet end of the second heat exchange structure is connected to the liquid return pipeline through a first branch and a second branch, and the liquid outlet end is connected to the liquid return pipeline through a third branch. The second branch is in parallel with the first branch. A throttling device is arranged on the first branch, and a pipeline control valve is arranged on the second branch.

[0012] For the energy storage cooling system described above, optionally, the pipeline control valve is a flow regulating valve or a non-regulating electric switch valve.

[0013] For the energy storage cooling system described above, optionally, a temperature sensor is arranged at the PCS, and the pipeline control valve acts according to the real-time temperature of the PCS detected by the temperature sensor.

[0014] For the energy storage cooling system described above, optionally, an electric heater is arranged on the liquid return pipeline.

[0015] For the energy storage cooling system described above, optionally, the electric heater is located between the liquid infusion pump and the Y-shaped filter.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present utility model has a natural cooling unit and a mechanical refrigeration unit, which can select to cool down by the natural cooling unit or the mechanical refrigeration unit according to the application environment, improving the overall efficiency of the system. Moreover, the radiator of the natural cooling unit and the second condenser of the mechanical refrigeration unit are arranged adjacent to each other and close to the air inlet. The second condenser is of a frame structure, and the two condensers adopt a compact adjacent arrangement structure. The second condenser does not form an air path blockage on most of the area of the radiator, has little influence on the air convection formed under the action of the fan, and is convenient to contact with the external environment, enabling more effective heat dissipation and improving the efficiency and performance of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of the energy storage cooling system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram inside the cold machine chassis according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the radiator, the second condenser, and the condensation fan according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the pipeline heater according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] The following will further describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the drawings. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. When describing the embodiments of the present utility model in detail, for the convenience of explanation, the drawings showing the device structure will be enlarged locally in a non-general proportion, and the schematic diagrams are only examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present utility model here. It should be noted that the drawings are in a simplified form and all use non-precise proportions, only for the purpose of conveniently and clearly assisting in explaining the embodiments of the present utility model. At the same time, in the description of the present application, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features; terms such as "front", "back", "bottom", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present utility model.

[0024] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can also be the communication inside two elements. It can be a wireless connection or a wired connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0025] As Figure 1 shown, the energy storage cooling system of this embodiment includes a natural cooling unit, a mechanical refrigeration unit, a terminal heat exchange unit, and an infusion pump. Among them, the natural cooling unit includes a radiator 1 and a condensation fan 2, and the condensation fan 2 is a centrifugal fan. The liquid outlet end of the radiator 1 (natural cooling unit) is connected to the first liquid cooling pipeline a, and the liquid return end is connected to the second liquid cooling pipeline b.

[0026] The mechanical refrigeration unit includes a second condenser 3, a compressor 4, and an evaporator 5. The second condenser 3, the compressor 4, and the evaporator 5 are connected by connecting pipelines. An electronic expansion valve 6 and a filter 7 are provided on the connecting pipeline between the evaporator 5 and the second condenser 3. The evaporator 5 (mechanical refrigeration unit) is connected to the third liquid cooling pipeline c and the fourth liquid cooling pipeline d.

[0027] In this embodiment, the first liquid cooling pipeline a and the third liquid cooling pipeline c are connected to the liquid inlet pipeline e of the terminal heat exchange unit through a switching valve 8, and the switching valve 8 of this embodiment is an electric three-way valve. The second liquid cooling pipeline b and the fourth liquid cooling pipeline d are both connected to an infusion pump 9. The infusion pump 9 is arranged on the liquid return pipeline f of the terminal heat exchange unit, and the infusion pump 9 provides power for the coolant in the energy storage cooling system.

[0028] The end heat exchange unit of this embodiment includes a first heat exchange structure for cooling the energy storage medium 10 (such as battery packs, battery clusters) in the energy storage system, and a second heat exchange structure for cooling the PCS (power conversion system) in the energy storage system. The heat exchange structure can be a heat exchanger, and the liquid inlet pipeline e and the liquid return pipeline f are respectively connected to the liquid inlet end and the liquid return end of the heat exchanger. The coolant exchanges heat with the energy storage medium or PCS through the heat exchanger. The heat exchange structure can also be a liquid storage structure. The liquid inlet pipeline e and the liquid return pipeline f are respectively connected to the liquid inlet end and the liquid return end of the liquid storage structure. The energy storage medium or PCS is immersed in the coolant in the liquid storage structure and directly exchanges heat with the coolant.

[0029] Through the switching valve 8, the first liquid cooling pipeline a or the third liquid cooling pipeline c is selected to be connected to the liquid inlet pipeline e of the end heat exchange unit. For example, when the heat dissipation requirements of the energy storage medium and the PCS are relatively low, the first liquid cooling pipeline a is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline e of the end heat exchange unit, and the natural cooling unit is used to cool the energy storage medium and the PCS. When the energy storage medium and the PCS are in a situation with high heat generation and high ambient temperature and relatively high heat dissipation requirements, the third liquid cooling pipeline c is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline e of the end heat exchange unit, and the mechanical refrigeration unit is used to cool the energy storage medium and the PCS to ensure the stable operation of the energy storage battery system.

[0030] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in, the radiator 1, the second condenser 3 and the condensation fan 3 are all arranged in the cold machine chassis 10. An air inlet (not labeled) is provided on the side plate of the cold machine chassis 10 of this embodiment, and a filter screen 11 is provided at the air inlet. An air outlet (not shown) is provided on the top plate (not shown) of the cold machine chassis 10. In this embodiment, air inlets are respectively provided on two adjacent side plates of the cold machine chassis 10. The radiator 1 and the second condenser 3 are arranged adjacent to each other and close to the air inlet, and the radiator 1 and the second condenser 3 are located inside the air inlet. Both the radiator 1 and the second condenser 3 are microchannel condensers. The second condenser 3 of this embodiment is located outside the radiator 1, that is, compared with the radiator 1, the second condenser 3 is closer to the air inlet.

[0031] The second condenser 3 is of a frame structure and is in an overall square shape ( Figure 3The figure shows a schematic diagram of the second condenser 3 after bending. The "mouth" - shaped structure refers to the shape of the second condenser before bending. Whether the second condenser is bent depends on the setting requirements of the air inlet. When the two air inlets are adjacent on adjacent side plates, bending the second condenser 3 can adapt to the position of the air inlet, but bending the second condenser 3 is not necessary. The second condenser 3 adopts a frame - type structure and is arranged along the contour of the radiator 1. Thus, even when the radiator 1 and the second condenser 3 are adjacent, the second condenser 3 hardly blocks the air path of the radiator 1, has little influence on the air convection formed under the action of the fan, saves space, makes the internal structure of the cold machine chassis 10 compact, and is suitable for scenarios with limited space.

[0032] In addition, in this embodiment, the radiator 1 is located between the second condenser 3 and the condensation fan 2. The air convection formed in the cold machine chassis 10 when the condensation fan 2 works can not only exchange heat with the radiator 1 in the natural cooling mode but also exchange heat with the second condenser 3 in the mechanical refrigeration mode, enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the second condenser 3, serving multiple purposes with one machine, and improving the overall efficiency of the system. Both the radiator 1 and the second condenser 3 are located at the air inlet. Being close to the air inlet, the radiator 1 and the second condenser 3 can better contact the external environment, thus dissipating heat more effectively and improving the system performance. In this embodiment, the natural cooling unit and the mechanical refrigeration unit are connected to the terminal heat exchange unit in an alternative manner through a switching valve. The radiator 1 and the second condenser 3 do not work simultaneously. In most cases, the cooling system is in the mechanical refrigeration mode. The external air is sucked into the chassis interior through the air inlet and blown upward under the action of the condensation fan 2. The second condenser 3 is arranged outside the radiator 1, and the radiator 1 hardly blocks the second condenser 3, so the wind resistance of the second condenser 3 is small, which is beneficial to ensuring the heat dissipation performance of the system. In other embodiments, the radiator 1 can also be arranged outside the second condenser 3, and the second condenser 3 is closer to the condensation fan 2. In the mechanical refrigeration mode, the condensation fan 2 can dissipate heat from the second condenser 3. In the natural cooling mode, the frame - type structure of the second condenser 3 does not block the radiator 1 and does not affect the heat dissipation of the radiator 1 by the condensation fan 2.

[0033] The coolant used in the energy storage liquid - cooling system is generally insulating oil, which has a high viscosity and the viscosity will increase as the temperature drops. To address the problem that the coolant becomes viscous and ineffective in low - temperature conditions, optionally, in this embodiment, an electric heater 12 is provided in the return liquid pipeline f. As Figure 4 shown, the electric heater 12 is wrapped around the return liquid pipeline f and is located between the liquid delivery pump 9 and the Y - shaped filter 13. The electric heater 12 can effectively raise the temperature around the return liquid pipeline f, prevent the coolant from becoming too viscous, and ensure that the system can operate normally in a low - temperature environment. As the temperature rises, the viscosity of the coolant decreases, the flow rate increases, and thus the efficiency of the filtration section is improved.

[0034] As shown Figure 1 in the figure, the end heat exchange unit of this embodiment includes a first heat exchange structure (not shown) and a second heat exchange structure (not shown). The liquid inlet pipeline e is connected to the liquid inlet end of the first heat exchange structure, and the coolant enters the first heat exchange structure through the liquid inlet pipeline e to exchange heat with the energy storage medium. The liquid return pipeline f is connected to the liquid outlet end of the first heat exchange structure, and the heat-exchanged coolant returns to the natural cooling unit or the mechanical refrigeration unit through the liquid return pipeline f. The liquid inlet end of the second heat exchange structure is connected to the liquid return pipeline f through a first branch g1 and a second branch g2, and the liquid outlet end of the second heat exchange structure is connected to the liquid return pipeline f through a third branch g3. The first branch g1, the second branch g2 and the third branch g3 form a bypass branch passing through the second heat exchange structure. A throttling device 14 is provided on the first branch g1.

[0035] Along the flow direction of the coolant, the first branch g1 is located before the third branch g3, that is, the coolant first enters the first branch g1, passes through the second heat exchange structure, and then enters the third branch g3. The second branch g2 and the first branch g1 are in a parallel relationship. The liquid outlet end of the second branch g2 is connected to the liquid inlet of the second heat exchange structure, and the liquid inlet end is connected to the liquid return pipeline f. A pipeline control valve 15 is provided on the second branch g2. The pipeline control valve 15 is used to control the on or off of the second branch g2 according to the temperature of the PCS, so as to adjust the total amount of coolant entering the second heat exchange structure. The pipeline control valve can be a flow control valve or a non-adjustable electric switch valve. When the pipeline control valve 15 is a flow control valve, in addition to controlling the on or off of the second branch g2 according to the temperature change of the PCS, it can also more finely divide the adjustment amount of the pipeline control valve to control the flow rate of the second branch g2, reduce energy consumption while ensuring the PCS cooling effect, and improve the efficiency of the entire system.

[0036] The coolant flowing out of the first heat exchange structure flows back to the natural cooling unit or the mechanical refrigeration unit through the return liquid pipeline f. During the reflux process, when passing through the first branch g1 and the second branch g2, part of the coolant will flow into the second heat exchange structure through the first branch g1, and then flow out of the second heat exchange structure through the third branch g3, and return to the natural cooling unit (radiator) or the mechanical refrigeration unit (evaporator) together with the coolant in the return liquid pipeline f. In addition to entering the second heat exchanger through the first branch g1, when the second branch g2 is connected, part of the coolant can also enter the second heat exchange structure through the second branch g2. The flow rate of the coolant entering the second heat exchange structure through the second branch g2 is adjusted according to the temperature of the PCS. For example, when the heat generation of the PCS is large and the temperature is high, the pipeline control valve 14 can be opened to allow more coolant to enter the second heat exchange structure for heat exchange. Conversely, when the heat generation of the PCS is small and the temperature is low, the pipeline control valve 14 can be closed to reduce the coolant entering the second heat exchange structure. When the pipeline control valve 14 is a flow control valve, the total amount of coolant entering the second heat exchange structure can be more accurately adjusted by changing the opening of the flow control valve.

[0037] The energy storage medium in the energy storage system has a large calorific value and high temperature requirements. Compared with the energy storage medium, the PCS has a relatively low calorific value and is more compatible with the temperature of the cooling medium. The branch bypass connected to the PCS is connected to the return liquid pipeline f after the energy storage medium. After the coolant flows out of the natural cooling unit or the mechanical refrigeration unit, it first passes through the energy storage medium. After heat exchange at the first heat exchange structure, a part of the coolant enters the second heat exchange structure through the first branch g1 for heat exchange. When this part of the coolant flows through the first branch g1, it will first pass through the throttling device 14 for pressure reduction and temperature reduction, and then enter the second heat exchange structure and PCS for heat exchange. No pipeline control valve is set on the first branch g1, and a fixed passage is maintained. The flux is set to the minimum flow limit when the second branch g2 is closed. It can always ensure that a certain amount of coolant enters the second heat exchange structure, which can avoid a single branch from causing a devastating impact on the PCS when the valve fails, so that the PCS can always maintain operation at a lower power.

[0038] In addition, compared with the existing liquid-cooled energy storage system that bypasses the branch connected to the PCS and connects it to the return liquid pipeline f before the energy storage medium, the branch connected to the PCS is connected after the energy storage medium. Since the coolant passes through the energy storage medium first, when the flow is adjusted through the bypass branch of the second heat exchange structure, the energy storage medium side will not be affected, and the energy storage medium can still be cooled and dissipated in the form of full flow to ensure the stable operation of the energy storage medium. If it is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline e, when the PCS side adjusts the flow, the flow on the energy storage medium side will definitely change, affecting the temperature stability of the energy storage medium.

[0039] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An energy storage cooling system, characterized in that: include: A natural cooling unit, the natural cooling unit comprising a radiator and a condensing fan; A mechanical refrigeration unit, the mechanical refrigeration unit comprising a second condenser, a compressor and an evaporator; A terminal heat exchange unit, wherein the terminal heat exchange unit is connected to the liquid outlet of the natural cooling unit and the liquid outlet of the mechanical refrigeration unit through a liquid inlet pipeline, and is connected to the liquid return end of the natural cooling unit and the liquid return end of the mechanical refrigeration unit through a liquid return pipeline; an infusion pump to power the coolant; The radiator, the condensing fan and the second condenser are arranged in a refrigerator chassis. The radiator and the second condenser are arranged adjacent to each other and are located on the inner side of the air inlet of the refrigerator chassis. The second condenser is a frame structure.

2. The energy storage cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second condenser is in a square shape; and / or the second condenser is arranged along the contour of the radiator.

3. The energy storage cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second condenser is located outside the radiator, or the radiator is located outside the second condenser.

4. The energy storage cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second condenser is located outside the radiator, and the radiator is located between the second condenser and the condensing fan.

5. The energy storage cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet is located on the side plate of the cold machine chassis, and the top plate of the cold machine chassis is provided with an air outlet.

6. The energy storage cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural cooling unit and the mechanical refrigeration unit are connected to the terminal heat exchange unit in an alternative manner, the liquid outlet end of the radiator is connected to the first liquid cooling pipeline, and the liquid return end is connected to the second liquid cooling pipeline; the evaporator is connected to the third liquid cooling pipeline and the fourth liquid cooling pipeline; the first liquid cooling pipeline and the third liquid cooling pipeline are connected to the liquid inlet pipeline through a switching valve, the infusion pump is arranged on the liquid return pipeline, and the second liquid cooling pipeline and the fourth liquid cooling pipeline are connected to the infusion pump.

7. The energy storage cooling system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The terminal heat exchange unit includes a first heat exchange structure for dissipating heat for the energy storage medium and a second heat exchange structure for dissipating heat for the PCS; the liquid inlet pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet end of the first heat exchange structure, and the liquid return pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet end of the first heat exchange structure; The liquid inlet end of the second heat exchange structure is connected to the liquid return pipeline through the first branch and the second branch, and the liquid outlet end is connected to the liquid return pipeline through the third branch. The second branch is connected in parallel with the first branch, a throttling device is provided on the first branch, and a pipeline control valve is provided on the second branch.

8. The energy storage cooling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pipeline control valve is a flow regulating valve or a non-regulating electric switching valve.

9. The energy storage cooling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The PCS is provided with a temperature sensor, and the pipeline control valve is actuated according to the real-time temperature of the PCS detected by the temperature sensor.

10. The energy storage cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid return pipeline is provided with an electric heater.

11. The energy storage cooling system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The electric heater is located between the infusion pump and the Y-shaped filter.

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