Dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent wind direction guiding function

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of power transmission and distribution equipment, and particularly relates to a dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent wind direction guiding function, which comprises two groups of double-layer racks, an iron core is installed between the two groups of double-layer racks, and a supporting seat is installed on the top of the lower double-layer rack. The application aims at the problems that the traditional cooling air flow cannot effectively enter the deep internal area and the top of the winding, there is a heat dissipation dead zone, and local overheating and low efficiency are caused. The application is designed through a precise air supply unit, specifically, a first air fan of an annular array vertically cools upwardly against the main hole, a second air fan vertically sprays and cools inside the low-voltage winding, and a third air fan penetrates and cools along the transverse groove, which realizes omnidirectional and dead-angle-free cooling from the core inside the winding, the radial gap and the axial height, effectively covers the winding back, the deep internal area and the top area which cannot be reached by the traditional air cooling, and fundamentally prevents the generation of local overheating points.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power transmission and distribution equipment technology, and particularly relates to a dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent wind direction guidance function. Background Technology

[0002] Dry-type transformers are widely used in urban power supply, rail transit, data centers, and other applications due to their advantages such as fire resistance and environmental friendliness. Their heat dissipation performance directly determines the transformer's service life, overload capacity, and miniaturization level. Currently, common traditional heat dissipation methods, especially for large-capacity dry-type transformers, often involve installing axial flow fans on both sides or at the bottom of the transformer for forced air cooling. However, this traditional cooling method has the following two significant problems:

[0003] 1. Traditional air cooling uses fans arranged in a straight line on both sides or bottom of the transformer to cool the winding surface. This method is a crude external cooling, and the cooling airflow cannot effectively penetrate the deep and top areas of the winding. This results in a long heat dissipation path, high thermal resistance, and low cooling efficiency. Especially for large cylindrical windings, the leeward side and internal channels are prone to forming local hot spots due to insufficient airflow. These hot spots will rapidly accelerate the thermal aging of the insulation material, which is a major hidden danger affecting the transformer's service life and reliability. It also limits the increase of transformer power density and overload capacity. 2. In traditional air cooling, high and low voltage windings share a fixed and uniform cooling airflow channel. However, due to differences in electromagnetic design and operating load, the heat generation of high voltage and low voltage windings is not consistent during operation. The fixed cooling system cannot identify and respond to this difference, resulting in the windings with more severe heat generation not receiving focused cooling, while the windings with less severe heat generation are over-cooled, forming a radial thermal imbalance between windings. This imbalance will keep the insulation material of the hot-spot windings at a higher temperature for a long time, accelerating aging. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome two major problems of traditional air-cooled dry-type transformers: first, the use of rough external blowing cooling means that the airflow cannot penetrate deep into the winding interior and top, easily forming local hot spots; second, the high and low voltage windings share a fixed cooling air duct, which cannot adapt to the difference in heat generation between the two, resulting in radial thermal imbalance and accelerating the aging of the insulation of the hot-spot windings. The invention provides a cooling device for dry-type transformers with intelligent airflow guidance function.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] This invention discloses a dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent wind direction guidance function, including two sets of double-layer frames, with an iron core installed between the two sets of double-layer frames. A support base is installed on the top of the lower double-layer frame. A high-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding are respectively arranged on the top of the support base from the outside to the inside. The high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding are fitted together and form a main channel between them. Layered pads arranged in a ring array are provided at the upper and lower ends of the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding.

[0007] A precision air delivery unit, which is mounted on the support base, is used to deliver cooling airflow into the main channel;

[0008] An intelligent airflow guiding unit, which is mounted on the support and adjacent to the precision airflow unit, is used to guide and distribute the flow direction of the cooling airflow;

[0009] A temperature sensing network includes a wire threaded component installed below a layered pad and within a main channel. Temperature sensors are mounted below the wire threaded component at the bottom, middle, and top for real-time monitoring of the temperature distribution within the main channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the support base is provided with an arc-shaped groove arranged in a ring array, the arc-shaped groove corresponding to the main channel; transverse grooves are provided on the front and rear sides of the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding; the precision air supply unit includes:

[0011] The No. 1 fan is provided in groups of two, with each group of No. 1 fans installed inside the arc-shaped groove.

[0012] The No. 2 fan is installed at the bottom of the support base and corresponds to the inner wall of the low-voltage winding;

[0013] An opening slot is formed inside the cavity of fan number one and is used to house fan number two.

[0014] The vertical slot, which is located at the top of the No. 1 fan and connected to the open slot, is used to spray cooling airflow upwards into the low-voltage winding.

[0015] Electric slide rails are provided in pairs, symmetrically installed at the front and rear ends of the double-layer frame, and corresponding to the support bases.

[0016] Electric sliders, in pairs, are slidably connected to an electric slide rail;

[0017] The No. 3 fan is installed on the side of the electric slider near the support base, and the outlet of the No. 3 fan corresponds to the transverse groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the curvature of the arc-shaped groove is one-quarter of that of the support base.

[0019] Furthermore, the transverse slot includes an directional slot and a crescent slot. The directional slot is formed at the front and rear ends of the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding, and the crescent slot is formed on the inner wall of the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding and is connected to the transverse slot.

[0020] Furthermore, the crescent groove extends along the circumference of the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding at its left and right ends, reaching the radial midpoint between the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding.

[0021] Furthermore, the transverse slots at the front and rear ends of the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding are arranged in an alternating manner, and adjacent transverse slots form a complementary airflow channel structure in the circumferential direction.

[0022] Furthermore, symmetrically arranged directional plates are installed on the top of the transverse trough, which uniformly guide the cold air entering the transverse trough into the directional trough.

[0023] Furthermore, a flat nozzle is installed at the outlet end of the No. 3 fan, and the outlet cross-sectional shape of the flat nozzle is adapted to the inlet cross-sectional shape of the directional groove. The transverse groove inlet ends of the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding are configured as an extended structure.

[0024] Furthermore, the top surface of the support base is provided with an inwardly recessed circular groove, and the intelligent flow guiding unit includes a drive gear, a drive rod, a passive gear, and a flow guiding plate;

[0025] A drive gear, which is rotatably disposed in a circular groove;

[0026] The drive rod is rotatably mounted in a circular groove along the radial direction of the support base;

[0027] The driven gear is fixedly mounted on the drive rod and meshes with the drive gear;

[0028] The guide vanes are arranged one by one along the top of the arc-shaped groove, and one end of the guide vane is fixedly installed on the drive rod near the centrifugal end of the support seat.

[0029] Compared with existing technologies, the dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function described in this invention has the following advantages:

[0030] 1. This invention addresses the problem that traditional cooling airflow cannot effectively penetrate the deep internal areas and top of the winding, resulting in heat dissipation dead zones, leading to localized overheating and low efficiency. This invention utilizes a precise air delivery unit design, specifically through the coordinated operation of a ring array: a first fan vertically cools the main channel upwards, a second fan vertically sprays cooling air into the low-voltage winding, and a third fan penetrates the winding along the transverse slots. This achieves comprehensive, dead-angle-free cooling from the core of the winding, radial gaps, to the axial height, effectively covering the back, deep internal areas, and top of the winding that traditional air cooling cannot reach, fundamentally preventing the formation of localized overheating spots. 2. This invention addresses the problem of fixed air-cooled systems failing to identify and respond to the heating differences between high and low voltage windings, leading to energy waste. Through the combined operation of an intelligent airflow guiding unit and a temperature sensing network, this invention can monitor the temperature difference between the high and low voltage windings in real time and dynamically adjust the angle of the airflow guide plate. This intelligently allocates airflow direction, automatically identifying the winding with the higher temperature and prioritizing the cooling airflow to that winding via the airflow guide plate. This achieves dynamic optimal allocation of cooling resources, ensuring temperature balance between windings, avoiding energy waste on non-overheated windings, significantly reducing the overall operating energy consumption of the fan, and achieving a balance between efficient heat dissipation and energy saving. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a top view of the low-voltage winding and the high-voltage winding of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a top view of the support base of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal section view of the support base of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-voltage winding of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of the high-voltage winding of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent flow guiding unit of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A magnified view of part A in the image.

[0041] The markings in the diagram represent: 1. Double-layer frame; 11. Iron core; 12. Support base; 121. Arc-shaped slot; 122. Circular slot; 13. High-voltage winding; 130. Horizontal slot; 131. Directional slot; 132. Crescent slot; 133. Directional plate; 14. Low-voltage winding; 15. Layered pad; 16. Wire threading component; 161. Temperature sensor; 2. Precision air delivery unit; 21. Fan No. 1; 22. Fan No. 2; 23. Open slot; 24. Vertical slot; 25. Electric slide rail; 26. Electric slider; 27. Fan No. 3; 271. Flat nozzle; 3. Intelligent air guiding unit; 31. Drive gear; 32. Drive rod; 33. Passive gear; 34. Air guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] See Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention provides a dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function, including two sets of double-layer frames 1, with an iron core 11 installed between the two sets of double-layer frames 1. The double-layer frames 1 provide stable mounting support for the iron core 11. The iron core 11, as the core component of the transformer's electromagnetic induction, is fundamental to power conversion in conjunction with the high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14. A support base 12 is installed on the top of the lower double-layer frame 1. The high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14 are respectively arranged on the top of the support base 12 from the outside to the inside. The high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14 are fitted together and form a main channel between them. The main channel is the core path for the cooling airflow between the two windings, providing a direct heat dissipation channel for the key heat-generating areas of the windings. The high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14 are provided with layered pads 15 arranged in a ring array at the upper and lower ends. On the one hand, they serve to support and fix the windings to prevent the windings from shifting due to vibration during operation; on the other hand, the gaps between the pads form auxiliary ventilation channels, which, together with the main channel, achieve uniform airflow distribution and avoid heat dissipation dead zones at the ends of the windings.

[0044] See Figures 1-6As shown, the precision air delivery unit 2 is mounted on the support base 12 and is used to deliver cooling airflow into the main channel. The top of the support base 12 has an arc-shaped slot 121 arranged in a ring array, which corresponds to the main channel. The high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14 have transverse slots 130 on their front and rear sides. The precision air delivery unit 2 includes a first fan 21, with two fans per group. Each group of first fans 21 is installed inside the arc-shaped slot 121. The arc of the arc-shaped slot 121 is adapted to the structure of the support base 12, so that the air outlet of the first fan 21 is precisely aligned with the main channel inlet, continuously delivering cooling airflow to the main channel between the two windings, directly acting on the radial heating surface of the windings, and quickly removing heat; the second fan 22 is installed at the bottom of the support base 12 and corresponds to the inner wall of the low-voltage winding 14; the open slot 23 is opened in the inner cavity of the first fan 21 and is used to house the second fan 22; the vertical slot 24 is opened at the top of the first fan 21 and is connected to the open slot 23. The three-phase system is connected to spray cooling airflow upwards into the low-voltage winding 14. The electric slide rails 25 are arranged in pairs and symmetrically installed at the front and rear ends of the double-layer frame 1, corresponding to the support base 12. The electric sliders 26 are arranged in pairs and slidably connected to the electric slide rails 25. The third fan 27 is installed on the side of the electric slider 26 near the support base 12. The outlet of the third fan 27 corresponds to the transverse slot 130. The electric slider 26 drives the third fan 27 to slide up and down along the slide rail. The air supply position can be adjusted according to the temperature of different heights of the winding. The outlet of the third fan 27 corresponds to the transverse slot 130 and can accurately deliver airflow to the directional slots 131 on both sides of the winding, realizing dynamic air supply that is adjustable up and down and directionally precise, adapting to the heat dissipation needs of different areas of the winding. The temperature sensing network includes a wire threading piece 16 installed below the layered pad 15 and located in the main channel. Temperature sensors 161 are installed below the wire threading piece 16 at the bottom, middle and top, for real-time monitoring of the temperature distribution of the main channel.

[0045] It should be noted that the specific working steps of the precision air supply unit 2 are as follows:

[0046] The temperature sensing network is activated to collect the temperature data of the main channel in real time: After the dry-type transformer is powered on, the temperature sensing network is activated simultaneously. Temperature sensors 161 at the bottom, middle and top of the wiring component 16 provide full coverage monitoring of different height areas of the main channel. The three temperature sensors 161 continuously collect the temperature values ​​at the corresponding positions to accurately capture the temperature distribution in the main channel between the high voltage winding 13 and the low voltage winding 14, such as whether there are local high temperature points, temperature difference between the bottom and the top, etc., and transmit the real-time temperature signal to the control unit to form the basic data of heat dissipation requirements.

[0047] The control unit analyzes temperature data and determines the air supply plan: Plan 1: If the overall temperature does not exceed the threshold, normal vertical upward air supply is implemented. Plan 2: If the overall temperature does not exceed the threshold but there are localized high temperatures, the corresponding area fans are activated and the air supply position is dynamically adjusted. Plan 3: If the overall temperature exceeds the threshold, all fans are activated and air is supplied at full load. Based on these three different air supply plans, the control unit issues specific control commands to each component of the precision air supply unit 2 to initiate the precision air supply process. Specifically:

[0048] When the overall winding temperature and the temperature of all local monitoring points are lower than the preset threshold, the control unit only starts the No. 1 fan 21 and the No. 2 fan 22. The No. 1 fan 21 sends cooling airflow into the main channel through the arc groove 121 to form a basic circulation cooling from bottom to top. The No. 2 fan 22 sprays cooling air into the low voltage winding 14 through the vertical groove 24. The No. 3 fan 27 is in standby mode in this mode. This mode achieves the lowest energy consumption and operating noise while ensuring effective heat dissipation.

[0049] The overall average temperature of the winding does not exceed the preset threshold, but the temperature of one or more local monitoring points exceeds the preset threshold, indicating the presence of a local hot spot. While maintaining the first-level operation mode, the control unit drives the electric slide rail 25 and the electric slider 26 to precisely move a No. 3 fan 27 to the axial height corresponding to the hot spot. If the hot spot is located behind the winding, only the No. 3 fan 27 at the rear is activated, while the No. 3 fan 27 at the front remains in standby mode. After activation, the No. 3 fan 27 will introduce cold air through the transverse slot 130 at that height to perform transverse penetrating fixed-point strong cooling on the hot spot, effectively eliminating local hazards and avoiding energy waste.

[0050] If the overall average temperature of the winding exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that the transformer is under heavy load or overload conditions. The control unit activates the full-load cooling scheme of the entire system. All No. 1 fans 21 and No. 2 fans 22 run at the highest speed, and all No. 3 fans 27 are started and instructed to perform periodic up-and-down reciprocating scanning motion along the electric slide rail 25, instead of being fixed at a certain point. This allows the cold air to dynamically and cyclically penetrate all the transverse slots 130 of all heights, providing indiscriminate and full-coverage powerful heat dissipation to the entire axial area of ​​the winding, in order to meet the most severe heat dissipation requirements and ensure equipment safety.

[0051] This invention uses a temperature sensing network to monitor the main duct at different heights, accurately capturing local high-temperature points and overall temperature changes. Combined with three air supply schemes, specifically, it maintains basic heat dissipation under normal operating conditions, implements targeted strong cooling for local overheating, and starts strong heat dissipation of the entire system under heavy load conditions. This effectively avoids insulation aging caused by local high temperatures in the windings, as well as protection shutdowns or equipment damage caused by overall overheating, significantly extending the service life of the transformer. Moreover, under normal operating conditions, only fans 1 and 22 are started, while fan 37 is in standby mode. In case of local overheating, only the corresponding fan 37 is started, avoiding energy waste caused by starting the entire system.

[0052] Meanwhile, the No. 1 fan 21 precisely aligns with the main channel between the high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14 through the arc-shaped slot 121, allowing the cooling airflow to directly enter the core heat-generating area between the two windings, rather than just flowing on the surface, thus shortening the heat dissipation path and reducing thermal resistance. The No. 2 fan 22 sprays airflow into the interior of the low-voltage winding 14 through the vertical slot 24, specifically covering the deep inner area of ​​the winding that traditional air cooling cannot reach. The No. 3 fan 27 delivers airflow to the front and rear sides of the winding through the horizontal slot 130, penetrating deep into the internal channel and precisely capturing local high-temperature points on the leeward side and the internal channel.

[0053] It is worth noting that the wind force of fan 27 is greater than that of fan 21 and fan 22. When the airflow from fan 27 is injected into the transverse slot 130 at extremely high speed, it has enough inertial force to resist the scouring of the vertical airflow from fan 21 and fan 22, thus penetrating the vertical flow field and directly reaching the deep area inside the winding, achieving effective cooling of the hot spot.

[0054] See Figures 3-4 As shown, the arc of the arc groove 121 is one-quarter of that of the support base 12.

[0055] The above design allows for uniform arrangement around the center of the support base 12, enabling multiple sets of No. 1 fans 21 to deliver airflow to the main channel in a ring-shaped uniform air delivery effect. Furthermore, it ensures that the air outlet of No. 1 fan 21 and the inlet of the main channel are connected without any deviation angle, reducing diffusion loss during airflow delivery and improving the efficiency of airflow entering the main channel.

[0056] See Figure 6 As shown, a flat nozzle 271 is installed at the outlet end of the No. 3 fan 27. The outlet cross-sectional shape of the flat nozzle 271 is adapted to the inlet cross-sectional shape of the directional groove 131. The outlet cross-section of the flat nozzle 271 is rectangular. The inlet end of the transverse groove 130 of the high voltage winding 13 and the low voltage winding 14 is set as an extended structure.

[0057] It should be noted that the rectangular flat nozzle 271 shapes the airflow of the No. 3 fan 27 into a rectangular laminar flow that is compatible with the inlet of the directional slot 131, thereby preventing airflow diffusion and improving the airflow throughput. The extended structure at the inlet end of the transverse slot 130 can concentrate and limit the rectangular airflow.

[0058] It is worth noting that the transverse slots 130 of the high-voltage winding 13 are arranged in an array, and the slot area is formed between adjacent transverse slots 130. This area is the main solid part of the outer side of the high-voltage winding 13 and is also the key heat-generating area where electromagnetic induction is concentrated and heat is easily accumulated. The No. 3 fan 27 moves along the electric slide rail 25 through the electric slider 26 and can accurately stop between any two sets of transverse slots 130, so that the rectangular flat nozzle 271 at the outlet end is directly aligned with the outer side area of ​​the slot, thereby achieving precise coverage of the heat-generating area on the outer side of the high-voltage winding 13.

[0059] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the transverse groove 130 includes an directional groove 131 and a crescent groove 132. The directional groove 131 is formed at the front and rear ends of the high voltage winding 13 and the low voltage winding 14, and the crescent groove 132 is formed on the inner wall of the high voltage winding 13 and the low voltage winding 14 and is connected to the transverse groove 130.

[0060] It should be noted that when the No. 3 fan 27 adjusts to the target height based on the feedback from the temperature sensor 161, the cold air generated during startup will be directly delivered to the directional slot 131, guiding the cold air into the winding and ensuring that the cold air can accurately reach the heating areas on the front and back sides of the winding. After the directional slot 131 introduces the cold air, some of the cold air will enter the crescent slot 132 through the connecting port. Since the crescent slot 132 is crescent-shaped and distributed along the inner wall of the winding, the airflow will flow along the arc path of the crescent slot 132 along the edge of the winding, covering the edge area of ​​the inner wall of the winding that is easily overlooked in heat dissipation, and avoiding the formation of heat dissipation dead corners in this area due to airflow stagnation.

[0061] It is worth noting that the No. 3 fan 27 is mounted on the electric slide rails 25 at both ends of the double-layer frame 1 via an electric slider 26. The safety distance design between the No. 3 fan 27 and the high-voltage winding 13 ensures that the electric field breakdown path is effectively blocked. Even when the voltage of the high-voltage winding 13 fluctuates or the ambient humidity changes, it can maintain stable electrical insulation performance and prevent safety accidents such as short circuits and discharges caused by improper distance between the No. 3 fan 27 and the high-voltage winding 13.

[0062] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the crescent groove 132 extends along the circumference of the high voltage winding 13 and the low voltage winding 14 at its left and right ends, reaching the radial midpoint of the high voltage winding 13 and the low voltage winding 14.

[0063] It should be noted that when the cold air introduced by the directional slot 131 enters the crescent slot 132, the airflow can flow evenly along the circumference, covering an area at a certain height of the winding. In particular, it solves the problem of local airflow stagnation that is prone to occur in the circumference of large cylindrical windings, ensuring that all positions on the circumference of the winding can obtain cooling airflow and eliminating radial heat dissipation dead zones. At the same time, the circumferential extension design of the crescent slot 132 can complement the airflow delivered by the No. 1 fan 21 to the main channel, further improving the uniformity of radial heat dissipation of the winding and avoiding excessive local temperature difference caused by a single airflow direction.

[0064] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the transverse slots 130 at both ends of the high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14 are arranged in an alternating manner, and the adjacent transverse slots 130 form a complementary airflow channel structure in the circumferential direction.

[0065] It should be noted that by staggering the transverse slots 130 at the front and rear ends, the cooling airflow delivered from the front and rear of the transformer acts on different height levels in the winding axis. This avoids repeated cooling of the same position, making the cooling coverage more continuous and uniform in the axial direction. This design allows adjacent transverse slots 130 to fill each other in the circumferential direction of the winding, thereby greatly improving heat dissipation efficiency and the reliability of transformer operation.

[0066] It is worth noting that the transverse slots 130 of the high-voltage winding 13 and the transverse slots 130 of the low-voltage winding 14 are arranged at the same height so that the cold air in the transverse slots 130 of the high-voltage winding 13 can flow directly in the horizontal direction to the transverse slots 130 of the low-voltage winding 14 at the same height, reducing the diffusion loss of airflow during the transfer process, and ensuring that more cold air can quickly enter from one winding slot to another winding slot. The cold air entering the transverse slots 130 of the low-voltage winding 14 is blown away by the second fan 22 of the support base 12, avoiding stagnation inside the low-voltage winding 14.

[0067] See Figure 7 As shown, symmetrically arranged directional plates 133 are installed on the top of the transverse trough 130. The directional plates 133 are arranged at an angle and guide the cold air entering the transverse trough 130 evenly to the directional trough 131.

[0068] It should be noted that the airflow first contacts the symmetrical directional plate 133 at the top of the transverse slot 130; the directional plate 133, through a preset tilt angle, initially diverts the cold air entering the transverse slot 130. Part of it enters the directional slot 131 in the transverse slot 130 along the direction guided by the directional plate 133, specifically pointing to the transverse slot 130 of the low-voltage winding 14, ensuring that the cold air is accurately delivered to the core heating area inside the low-voltage winding 14. The other part, under the constraint of the directional plate 133, flows along the extension direction of the transverse slot 130 of the high-voltage winding 13, covering the area where the transverse slot 130 of the high-voltage winding 13 is located, thus achieving a uniform distribution of dual airflow.

[0069] See Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the intelligent airflow guiding unit 3 is mounted on the support base 12 and adjacent to the precision airflow unit 2, and is used to guide and distribute the flow direction of the cooling airflow. The top surface of the support base 12 has an inwardly recessed circular groove 122. The intelligent airflow guiding unit 3 includes a drive gear 31, a drive rod 32, a driven gear 33, and a guide plate 34. The drive gear 31 is rotatably mounted in the circular groove 122. A drive motor for driving the drive gear 31 to rotate is installed inside the support base 12. The drive rod 32 is rotatably mounted along the radial direction of the support base 12. Inside the circular groove 122, the passive gear 33 is fixedly mounted on the drive rod 32 and meshes with the drive gear 31; the guide plates 34 are arranged one-to-one along the top of the arc-shaped groove 121, and one end of the guide plate 34 is fixedly mounted on the drive rod 32 near the centrifugal end of the support seat 12. It is worth noting that one end of the drive rod 32 is radially aligned with the support seat 12, and the guide plates 34 and the drive rod 32 are arranged at a certain angle. When the drive rod 32 rotates in different directions, it can drive the guide plates 34 to guide the cold air in different directions.

[0070] It should be noted that, based on the heat dissipation requirements fed back by the temperature sensor 161, the control unit sends a command to the drive motor inside the support base 12. The drive motor drives the drive gear 31 in the circular groove 122 to rotate in a specified direction and angle, providing power to the system. The driven gear 33, which meshes with the drive gear 31, rotates synchronously, driving the drive rod 32 to rotate. One end of the guide plate 34 is fixed to the centrifugal end of the drive rod 32, and the two are preset at a specific angle. When the drive rod 32 rotates, it drives the guide plate 34 to rotate around its axis, changing the orientation of the air guide surface. Specifically, when the drive rod 32 rotates clockwise, it drives the guide plate 34 to deflect to an angle, so that its air guide surface is mainly aligned with the high-voltage winding 13. On the inner wall, most of the cold air coming out of the arc groove 121 is guided and blown toward the inner surface of the high-voltage winding 13, achieving key cooling of the high-voltage winding 13. When the drive rod 32 rotates counterclockwise, it will drive the guide plate 34 to deflect in the opposite direction, so that its air guiding surface is mainly aligned with the outer wall of the low-voltage winding 14. At this time, the airflow is guided to the outer surface of the low-voltage winding 14, achieving key cooling of the low-voltage winding 14. By controlling the rotation angle of the drive rod 32, the final deflection angle of the guide plate 34 can be finely adjusted, thereby controlling the distribution ratio of airflow between the high-voltage and low-voltage windings 14, and even precisely guiding the airflow to a hot spot at a specific height.

[0071] It is worth noting that the wire threading component 16 is equipped with two temperature sensors 161 on both the high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14, so as to detect the temperature difference between the high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14 and control the intelligent flow guiding unit 3 to adjust the angle of the flow guiding plate 34.

[0072] This invention compares the temperature difference between the high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14 using the intelligent flow guiding unit 3, and dynamically and tilts the cooling resources to the side that needs them most by changing the direction of the flow guiding plate 34. This invention always dissipates heat from the hottest component with the highest efficiency, thereby achieving better cooling effect while significantly reducing the overall operating energy consumption of the fan, and realizing the unity of efficient heat dissipation and energy saving.

[0073] The working principle of a dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance is as follows:

[0074] First, when the dry-type transformer is energized, the temperature sensors 161 distributed at the bottom, middle and top of the main channel are activated simultaneously to monitor the key heat dissipation channel between the high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14 in full coverage, capture the overall temperature, local high-temperature points and temperature difference between the high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14 in real time, and transmit the data to the control unit.

[0075] Second, the control unit determines the thermal state of the transformer based on temperature data and preset thresholds, and matches three types of solutions:

[0076] First option: If the overall and local temperatures meet the standards, the basic cooling mode is activated. In the basic mode, the No. 1 fan 21 delivers airflow to the main channel through the arc-shaped groove 121, forming a bottom-up circulation; the No. 2 fan 22 sprays air into the inside of the low-voltage winding 14 through the vertical groove 24, covering the deep area.

[0077] Second option: If the overall situation is normal but there are local high temperatures, activate the fixed-point strong cooling mode, maintain the operation of the basic fan, and move the No. 3 fan 27 to the high temperature layer through the electric slide rail 25 and electric slider 26. Its high-intensity airflow penetrates the flow field through the flat nozzle 271 and the transverse groove 130, and achieves local strong cooling by combining the directional groove 131 and the crescent groove 132.

[0078] Third option: If the overall temperature exceeds the limit, activate the full-power heat dissipation mode, with all fans running at high speed. Fan No. 3, 27, will reciprocate along the slide rail to achieve uniform heat dissipation across the entire height of the winding.

[0079] Third, the control unit drives the intelligent airflow guiding unit 3 to optimize airflow distribution based on the temperature difference between the high-voltage winding 13 and the low-voltage winding 14. The drive motor drives the drive gear 31 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive rod 32 through the passive gear 33. When the drive rod 32 rotates clockwise, the guide plate 34 guides the airflow from the No. 1 fan 21 to the inside of the high-voltage winding 13, and when it rotates counterclockwise, it guides it to the outside of the low-voltage winding 14. Fine-tuning the angle can precisely control the airflow distribution ratio, prioritizing cooling resources for the winding with the higher temperature. The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function, comprising two sets of double-layer frames (1), characterized in that: A core (11) is installed between the two sets of double-layer frames (1). A support base (12) is installed on the top of the lower double-layer frame (1). A high-voltage winding (13) and a low-voltage winding (14) are respectively arranged from the outside to the inside on the top of the support base (12). The high-voltage winding (13) and the low-voltage winding (14) are fitted together and form a main channel between them. Layered pads (15) arranged in a ring array are provided at the upper and lower ends of the high-voltage winding (13) and the low-voltage winding (14). A precision air delivery unit (2) is installed on the support base (12) and is used to deliver cooling airflow into the main channel; The intelligent airflow guiding unit (3) is disposed on the support base (12) and adjacent to the precision air delivery unit (2) for guiding and distributing the flow direction of the cooling airflow; The temperature sensing network includes a threaded component (16) installed below the layered pad (15) and within the main channel, wherein temperature sensors (161) are installed at the bottom, middle and top of the threaded component (16) for real-time monitoring of the temperature distribution of the main channel.

2. The dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the support base (12) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (121) arranged in a ring array, the arc-shaped groove (121) corresponding to the main channel, and the front and rear sides of the high-voltage winding (13) and the low-voltage winding (14) are provided with transverse grooves (130). The precision air supply unit (2) includes: Two No. 1 fans (21) are grouped together, and each group of No. 1 fans (21) is installed inside the arc-shaped groove (121); The second fan (22) is installed at the bottom of the support base (12) and corresponds to the inner wall of the low-voltage winding (14); An opening slot (23) is provided on the side of the No. 1 fan (21) near the center of the low-voltage winding (14) and is used to place the No. 2 fan (22). A vertical slot (24) is opened at the top of the open slot (23) and is connected to the open slot (23) for spraying cooling airflow upward into the interior of the low-voltage winding (14); Electric slide rails (25) are in pairs and are symmetrically installed at the front and rear ends of the double-layer frame (1) and correspond to the support base (12); Electric sliders (26) are in pairs and are slidably connected to electric slide rails (25); The third fan (27) is installed on the side of the electric slider (26) near the support base (12), and the outlet of the third fan (27) corresponds to the transverse groove (130).

3. A dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arc of the arc groove (121) is one-quarter the arc of the support base (12).

4. A dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transverse groove (130) includes an directional groove (131) and a crescent groove (132). The directional groove (131) is opened at the front and rear ends of the high voltage winding (13) and the low voltage winding (14). The crescent groove (132) is opened on the inner wall of the high voltage winding (13) and the low voltage winding (14) and is connected to the directional groove (131).

5. A dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The crescent groove (132) extends along the circumference of the high voltage winding (13) and the low voltage winding (14) to the radial midpoint of the high voltage winding (13) and the low voltage winding (14).

6. A dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transverse slots (130) at the front and rear ends of the high-voltage winding (13) and the low-voltage winding (14) are arranged in an alternating manner, and the adjacent transverse slots (130) form a complementary airflow channel structure in the circumferential direction.

7. A dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the transverse groove (130) is equipped with symmetrically arranged directional plates (133), which guide cold air evenly to the directional groove (131).

8. A dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outlet end of the No. 3 fan (27) is equipped with a flat nozzle (271). The outlet cross-sectional shape of the flat nozzle (271) is adapted to the inlet cross-sectional shape of the directional groove (131). The inlet end of the transverse groove (130) of the high voltage winding (13) and the low voltage winding (14) is set as an extended structure.

9. A dry-type transformer cooling device with intelligent airflow guidance function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top surface of the support base (12) is provided with an inwardly recessed circular groove (122), and the intelligent flow guiding unit (3) includes a drive gear (31), a drive rod (32), a passive gear (33) and a flow guiding plate (34). A drive gear (31) is rotatably disposed in a circular groove (122); The drive rod (32) is rotatably mounted in a circular groove (122) along the radial direction of the support (12); A passive gear (33) is fixedly mounted on a drive rod (32) and meshes with a drive gear (31); a guide plate (34) is arranged one-to-one along the top of the arc groove (121), and one end of the guide plate (34) is fixedly mounted on the drive rod (32) near the center of the support seat (12).

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