Stepping motor with cooling structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a stepping motor with a cooling structure, which comprises a shell, a bearing arranged at the center of the shell, a central shaft arranged at the center of the bearing, a rotor iron core arranged at one side of the central shaft, a driving circuit board arranged at one side of the rotor iron core, a resistor arranged at one side of the driving circuit board, and a cooling device arranged at the other side of the driving circuit board. A resistor is arranged in the shell, a diode is arranged on one side of the resistor, a capacitor is arranged on one side of the diode, a front end cover is arranged on one side of the shell, a rear end cover is arranged on the other side of the shell, water cooling pipes are arranged in the front end cover and the rear end cover, and a heat dissipation plate is arranged on one side of each water cooling pipe. Through the design of the spiral water cooling pipe, the motor has a larger heat dissipation area, performance reduction and service life shortening caused by overheating are reduced, through a back electromotive force release loop composed of the diode, the resistor and the capacitor, electric energy generated when the motor stops running can be quickly consumed, and the total heating amount of the motor can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of stepping motors, and more specifically, to a stepping motor with a cooling structure. Background Art

[0002] In the application of stepping motors, effectively managing and reducing heat is crucial. This is because stepping motors generate a large amount of heat during operation, especially under high load or high speed. If effective heat dissipation fails, the temperature of the motor will rise, leading to performance degradation, reduced efficiency, and even potential damage to the motor or shortening of its service life.

[0003] After retrieval, the existing patent (publication number: CN208190460U) discloses a cooling structure for a permanent magnet PM stepping motor, including a housing. A base is provided at the bottom of the housing. Heat dissipation partitions are provided on the outer side of the housing. Heat dissipation fins are symmetrically provided on both sides of the heat dissipation partitions. A cooling water pipe is provided between the heat dissipation partitions. One end of the base is provided with a connection box, and the top of the connection box is fixedly connected to the housing. A joint is provided in the inner cavity of the connection box, and the joint is connected to both ends of the cooling water pipe. A baffle is provided in the inner cavity of the housing. Heat dissipation holes are provided on the baffle. A dust-proof filter screen is provided on one side of the baffle. A heat dissipation chamber is provided on the other side of the baffle. A heat dissipation fan is provided in the inner cavity of the heat dissipation chamber, and the heat dissipation fan is connected to the baffle through a connecting rod. A protective net is provided at one end of the heat dissipation chamber. The structure is simple and reasonably designed, capable of quickly cooling the motor, preventing the working temperature of the motor from rising too high, damaging the motor, and affecting the normal operation and service life of the motor. The inventor found the following problems in the prior art during the implementation of the present utility model:

[0004] The existing cooling structure of stepping motors uses a heat dissipation fan for heat dissipation, which has a relatively high noise and low heat dissipation efficiency. At the same time, there is no corresponding treatment method for the back electromotive force generated during the operation of stepping motors. The back electromotive force will increase the heat generated during the operation of stepping motors, resulting in a decline in the performance of the motors.

[0005] Therefore, a stepping motor with a cooling structure is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present utility model provides a stepping motor with a cooling structure to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a stepper motor with a cooling structure, comprising a shell, a bearing is arranged at the center of the shell, a central axis is arranged at the center of the bearing, a rotor core is arranged on one side of the central axis, a driving circuit board is arranged on one side of the rotor core, a resistor is arranged on one side of the driving circuit board, a diode is arranged on one side of the resistor, a capacitor is arranged on one side of the diode, a front end cover is arranged on one side of the shell, a rear end cover is arranged on the other side of the shell, and water cooling pipes are arranged inside the front end cover and the rear end cover, a heat sink is arranged on one side of the water cooling pipe, a plurality of groups of heat sinks are arranged, and each group of heat sinks is evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the shell.

[0008] Preferably, spiral channels are provided inside the front end cover and the rear end cover, and the spiral channels correspond to the water cooling pipes.

[0009] Preferably, both sides of the front end cover and the rear end cover are provided with fastening nuts, and the front end cover and the rear end cover are fixed to both sides of the shell by the fastening nuts.

[0010] Preferably, the diode is arranged in parallel with the resistor and the capacitor on the driving circuit board, and one end of the diode is connected in parallel to one side of the motor coil.

[0011] Preferably, a sealing disk is provided on the outer wall of the central shaft, a fixing ring is provided on one side of the sealing disk, a threaded protrusion is fixed on one side of the fixing ring, and the fixing ring forms a disassembly structure with the sealing disk through the threaded protrusion.

[0012] Preferably, a heat conducting plate is provided on one side of the rotor core, the heat conducting plate is made of a metal copper sheet, and the heat conducting plate is in contact with the heat sink.

[0013] Technical effects and advantages of the utility model:

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the stepper motor with a cooling structure has a larger heat dissipation area through the design of the spiral water cooling tube. Combined with the heat sink, it can conduct and dissipate heat more efficiently. The water cooling system takes away the heat generated by the motor through the circulation of coolant. This design can effectively reduce the operating temperature of the stepper motor and reduce the performance degradation and shortened life caused by overheating.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the stepping motor with a cooling structure can quickly consume the electric energy generated when the motor stops running through the back electromotive force release circuit composed of diodes, resistors and capacitors, preventing voltage spikes and electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the stability of the motor operation. The role of the release circuit is to quickly consume the stored electric energy in the form of heat after these electromagnetic windings are powered off, thereby reducing the voltage peaks and current shocks that may be generated due to the electric energy being fed back to the power supply. This can not only protect the circuit components, but also effectively reduce the overall heat generation of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rear end cover and the spiral channel structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the sealing disk and the fixing ring of the present invention.

[0020] The reference numerals are: 1. housing; 2. bearing; 3. central shaft; 4. rotor core; 5. drive circuit board; 6. resistor; 7. diode; 8. capacitor; 9. front end cover; 10. rear end cover; 11. water cooling pipe; 12. heat dissipation plate; 13. spiral channel; 14. fastening nut; 15. sealing disk; 16. fixing ring; 17. thread protrusion; 18. heat conducting disk. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0022] As shown in the attached Figures 1 to 4A stepper motor with a cooling structure is shown, including a housing 1. The housing 1 is made of metal material and has good hardness, so as to better protect the internal components from damage during use. A bearing 2 is arranged at the center of the housing 1, and a central shaft 3 is arranged at the center of the bearing 2. A rotor core 4 is arranged on one side of the central shaft 3. The bearing 2 generally adopts a rolling bearing and has a small axial preload, which is suitable for application occasions that require high precision and stability. The central shaft 3 is a key component connecting various parts of the motor and transmitting torque, and should have high strength and good wear resistance to ensure the stable operation and long life of the motor. The rotor core 4 is laminated by silicon steel sheets and has high magnetic properties and a small air gap, enabling the motor to have a higher resolution and output torque.

[0023] A drive circuit board 5 is arranged on one side of the rotor core 4. The drive circuit board 5 adopts an advanced series of motor control main boards, such as the F407 Sunmotor development board. These development boards provide rich hardware resources and have an isolation function to ensure the accuracy of signal transmission and the safe operation of the device. A resistor 6 is arranged on one side of the drive circuit board 5, a diode 7 is arranged on one side of the resistor 6, and a capacitor 8 is arranged on one side of the diode 7. The discharge circuit is composed of the diode 7, the resistor 6 and the capacitor 8. Its main function is to provide a discharge path for the back electromotive force generated when the stepper motor winding is energized, thereby protecting the drive chip from being broken down by high voltage and reducing the heat generated during operation. Specifically, when the winding of the stepper motor suddenly loses power, due to the fact that the current in the winding cannot change suddenly, a back electromotive force will be generated at both ends of the winding. At this time, the diode 7 in the discharge circuit conducts forward to provide a discharge path for the generated high voltage. The resistor 6 limits the magnitude of the current, and the capacitor 8 plays a role in filtering and storing energy. This design effectively protects the drive chip through the discharge circuit and releases the heat generated by the back electromotive force during the operation of the motor, enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the device.

[0024] A front end cover 9 is arranged on one side of the housing 1. The front end cover 9 usually adopts cast iron or aluminum alloy materials to provide sufficient strength and durability. A rear end cover 10 is arranged on the other side of the housing 1. The rear end cover 10 also adopts cast iron or aluminum alloy materials to provide good protection and support. Water cooling pipes 11 are arranged inside both the front end cover 9 and the rear end cover 10. A heat dissipation plate 12 is arranged on one side of the water cooling pipe 11. There are several groups of heat dissipation plates 12, and each group of heat dissipation plates 12 is evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the housing 1. This design of the heat dissipation plate 12 forms multiple bow-shaped connection structures. This design increases the space between each heat dissipation part and improves air fluidity. Part of the heat can be taken away by the wind. At the same time, the combination of the water cooling pipe 11 and the heat dissipation plate 12 provides an efficient heat dissipation solution, enabling the stepper motor to maintain an appropriate temperature during high-load operation and avoiding damage due to overheating. Embodiment 2

[0025] Based on Embodiment 1, the solution in Embodiment 1 is further refined and introduced in combination with the following specific working methods, such as Figures 1 to 4 shown, for details, see the following description:

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, spiral channels 13 are provided inside both the front end cover 9 and the rear end cover 10. The spiral channels 13 correspond to the water-cooling pipes 11. Further, due to its structural characteristics, the water-cooling pipes 11 arranged in a spiral shape can better adapt to the overall layout of the motor and provide a more uniform cooling effect.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, fastening nuts 14 are provided on both sides of the front end cover 9 and the rear end cover 10. The front end cover 9 and the rear end cover 10 are fixed to both sides of the housing 1 through the fastening nuts 14. Further, by fixing the front end cover 9 and the rear end cover 10 through the fastening nuts 14, it can effectively prevent dust, moisture and other pollutants from entering the interior of the motor. This sealing performance is crucial for maintaining the cleanliness and dryness of the internal parts of the motor. Especially for motors working in harsh environments, a good sealing internal environment of the motor can reduce friction and heat loss, improve the operating efficiency of the motor. At the same time, the stable structure avoids performance degradation caused by vibration or loosening.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the diode 7 is connected in parallel with the resistor 6 and the capacitor 8 on the drive circuit board 5, and one end of the diode 7 is connected in parallel to one side of the motor coil. Further, a bidirectional TVS (Transient Voltage Suppression) diode 7 or a reverse series voltage regulator diode 7 is connected in parallel at both ends of the motor coil, which is used to absorb instantaneous large pulse power and clamp the back electromotive force to a certain voltage.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, a sealing disk 15 is provided on the outer wall of the central shaft 3. A fixing ring 16 is provided on one side of the sealing disk 15. A threaded protrusion 17 is fixed on one side of the fixing ring 16, and the fixing ring 16 and the sealing disk 15 form a detachable structure through the threaded protrusion 17. Further, the fixing ring 16 is threadedly connected to the right side of the sealing disk 15, so that a gap is formed between the sealing disk 15 and the front end cover 9, and dust and water vapor are locked at the gap, which can further improve the sealing performance inside the motor, thereby avoiding sudden explosion of the motor during operation and reducing potential safety hazards. Because the fixing ring 16 and the sealing disk 15 form a detachable structure through the threaded protrusion 17, the threaded connection is tight, improving the sealing performance and facilitating the installation of the sealing disk 15.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, a heat-conducting disk 18 is provided on one side of the rotor core 4. The material of the heat-conducting disk 18 is a copper sheet, and the heat-conducting disk 18 is in contact with the heat sink 12. Further, through the heat-conducting disk 18, the contact area between the water-cooling pipe 11 and the heat sink 12 is increased, thereby extending the action time of the coolant in the heat exchange area and enhancing the heat dissipation effect.

[0031] The working process of the present utility model is as follows: First, the rotor core 2 of the stepping motor is a permanent magnet. When the vector magnetic field of the stator rotates by an angle, the rotor core 2 will also rotate by the corresponding step angle along with the magnetic field and thus operate. During the working process, the coolant (usually water or a special coolant) in the water-cooling pipe 11 will circulate in the closed pipeline, and form a heat dissipation loop with the heat dissipation plate 12 on the outer shell 1 through the heat conduction disc 18, so as to effectively absorb and transfer the heat generated during the operation of the rotor core 2. As the coolant flows, this heat is carried away from the motor by the water-cooling pipe 11 to achieve the purpose of cooling. After flowing out of the motor, the coolant will be cooled by a radiator or a cooler, and then circulate back, forming a continuous cooling cycle. The above is the working principle of the stepping motor with a cooling structure.

[0032] Finally: The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A stepper motor with a cooling structure, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A bearing (2) is arranged at the center of the housing (1), a central axis (3) is arranged at the center of the bearing (2), a rotor core (4) is arranged on one side of the central axis (3), a drive circuit board (5) is arranged on one side of the rotor core (4), a resistor (6) is arranged on one side of the drive circuit board (5), a diode (7) is arranged on one side of the resistor (6), a capacitor (8) is arranged on one side of the diode (7), a front end cover (9) is arranged on one side of the housing (1), a rear end cover (10) is arranged on the other side of the housing (1), and water cooling pipes (11) are arranged inside the front end cover (9) and the rear end cover (10), a heat sink (12) is arranged on one side of the water cooling pipe (11), and a plurality of groups of heat sinks (12) are arranged, and each group of heat sinks (12) is evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the housing (1).

2. The stepping motor with a cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end cover (9) and the rear end cover (10) are both provided with a spiral channel (13) inside, and the spiral channel (13) corresponds to the water cooling pipe (11).

3. The stepping motor with a cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the front end cover (9) and the rear end cover (10) are provided with fastening nuts (14), and the front end cover (9) and the rear end cover (10) are fixed to both sides of the housing (1) by means of the fastening nuts (14).

4. The stepping motor with a cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diode (7) is arranged in parallel with the resistor (6) and the capacitor (8) on the driving circuit board (5), and one end of the diode (7) is connected in parallel to one side of the motor coil.

5. The stepping motor with a cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the central shaft (3) is provided with a sealing disk (15), a fixing ring (16) is provided on one side of the sealing disk (15), a threaded protrusion (17) is fixed on one side of the fixing ring (16), and the fixing ring (16) and the sealing disk (15) form a disassembly structure through the threaded protrusion (17).

6. The stepping motor with a cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat conducting plate (18) is provided on one side of the rotor core (4); the heat conducting plate (18) is made of a metal copper sheet, and the heat conducting plate (18) is in contact with the heat dissipation plate (12).

Images