Elevator traction structure
By setting a pressing wheel on the load-bearing beam of the elevator machine room to press the wire rope between the traction machine and the guide wheel, the problem of excessive height of the existing elevator machine room is solved, and the effect of satisfying traction and reducing construction costs is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422327194.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-23
AI Technical Summary
In the structural design of existing elevator machine rooms, in order to meet the traction requirements, the height of the machine rooms is usually required to be at least 2 meters, resulting in insufficient space utilization, increased construction costs, increased energy consumption and increased maintenance difficulties.
By setting a pressing wheel on the load-bearing beam, the annular groove of the pressing wheel presses the wire rope between the traction machine and the guide wheel, increasing the contact angle between the wire rope and the main wheel, satisfying the traction force and reducing the height of the machine room.
It achieves the satisfaction of traction without increasing the height of the computer room, reduces construction costs, simplifies the maintenance process, and improves overall efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223002558U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to an elevator machine room structure, in particular to an elevator traction structure. Background Art
[0002] In the design of the existing elevator machine room structure, in order to meet the requirements of Clause 6.3.2.3 of the national standard GB 7588-2003 and ensure that there is enough vertical clearance above the rotating parts of the elevator drive host to meet the traction force, the height of the machine room usually needs to be at least more than 2 meters. There are some disadvantages: Insufficient space utilization: A higher machine room may cause waste of space, especially in urban environments with high construction costs or limited space; Increased construction cost: Increasing the height of the machine room will lead to an increase in construction costs, including additional building materials, construction costs, and later maintenance costs; Energy consumption: The increase in the machine room space may affect the efficiency of the air conditioning and ventilation systems, thus increasing energy consumption; Maintenance difficulty: A higher machine room may make the maintenance of the elevator drive host and other equipment more difficult, especially in the case of manual operation.
[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN215975303U, publication date August 21, 2013, the name of the utility model is an elevator machine room layout structure. This application discloses an elevator machine room layout structure, including a load-bearing device, a traction system, and a guiding system. The gearless traction machine is connected to the main engine base through bolt assemblies, and a shock pad is provided therebetween; the guiding wheel is connected to the main engine base through U-shaped bolts; the main engine base is fixedly installed on the main load-bearing beam. In order to increase the wrap angle to meet the traction force, this application sets the main engine base, which undoubtedly increases the height of the machine room and increases the construction cost and maintenance difficulty. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an elevator traction structure for the deficiencies of the prior art. By pressing down the steel wire rope between the traction machine and the guiding wheel through the annular groove of the pressing wheel arranged on the load-bearing beam, the contact surface between the steel wire rope and the main engine wheel is satisfied, the wrap angle is increased, and the height of the machine room is reduced.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: An elevator traction structure is provided, including a traction machine and a guiding wheel. A pressing wheel is arranged between the traction machine and the guiding wheel, and a plurality of annular grooves are arranged on the circumference of the pressing wheel; the annular groove of the pressing wheel tightly presses the steel wire rope between the traction machine and the guiding wheel; the pressing wheel is arranged on the load-bearing beam through a clamping plate, which reduces the height of the machine room while meeting the traction force.
[0006] Preferably, the traction machine is installed on the load-bearing beam and is in direct contact with the load-bearing beam. A traction wheel is provided on the traction machine, and the load-bearing beam is arranged between the traction machine and the guide wheel. This simplifies the installation process, reduces installation errors, improves installation efficiency, does not require a base, etc., and reduces the height of the machine room.
[0007] Preferably, the wrap angle range of the steel wire rope and the traction wheel is 150 degrees to 165 degrees. This wrap angle range is precisely calculated to ensure sufficient friction and tractive force under various load conditions.
[0008] Preferably, a U-shaped groove is provided on the circumference of the pressure wheel, and several annular grooves are arranged in the U-shaped groove, which helps to evenly distribute the pressure of the steel wire rope, reduce local wear, and extend the service life of the steel wire rope.
[0009] Preferably, the pressure wheel and the guide wheel have the same diameter, and the circumference of the guide wheel is provided with the same annular groove as the pressure wheel. This unified design helps the smooth transition of the steel wire rope between the two wheels, reducing vibration and noise during operation.
[0010] Preferably, a transition area is provided between the ends of adjacent annular grooves. The steel wire rope can be embedded in the annular groove, providing a stable embedding space for the steel wire rope, adapting to the small vibrations and displacements of the steel wire rope during movement, and improving the stability of the system.
[0011] Preferably, the pressure wheel is arranged on the shaft through a bearing, and both ends of the shaft are connected to the clamping plate through bolts. An axial clamp is provided around the bolts. This stable support structure ensures the stability of the pressure wheel during operation and reduces the wear of the steel wire rope caused by the offset of the pressure wheel.
[0012] Preferably, round holes are provided on the load-bearing beam, and the shaft is installed in the round holes, ensuring the stability of the shaft and facilitating installation and adjustment at the same time.
[0013] Preferably, an inner groove is provided on the end wall of the pressure wheel, and an oil cup is provided on the inner wall of the inner groove, which is convenient for regularly adding lubricating oil, maintaining good lubrication of the bearing, reducing friction, reducing energy consumption, and extending the service life of the bearing.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: An elevator traction structure provided by the present utility model uses a pressure wheel to increase the wrap angle of the contact surface between the steel wire rope and the main machine wheel, meet the tractive force, and reduce the height of the machine room. It reduces the construction cost, is convenient for maintenance at the same time, and improves the overall efficiency. Description of the Drawings
[0015] Figure 1 It is the front view of an elevator traction structure.
[0016] Figure 2 It is the sectional view of the pressure wheel of an elevator traction structure.
[0017] Reference numerals: 1: traction machine; 1.1: traction wheel; 2: load-bearing beam; 2.1: shaft; 2.2: bearing; 2.3: clamping plate; 2.4: shaft clamp; 2.5: bolt; 3: pressure wheel; 3.1: annular groove; 3.2: U-shaped groove; 3.3: oil cup; 3.4: retaining ring; 3.5: inner groove; 3.6: oil groove; 4: guide wheel fixing bracket; 5: guide wheel; 5.1: U-bolt; 6: wire rope. Detailed implementation manners
[0018] The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0019] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the core components of the traction structure of the present utility model include a traction machine 1, a guide wheel 5, and a pressure wheel 3. The traction machine 1 selected is a common AC variable frequency traction machine 1 on the market. A traction wheel 1.1 is provided on the traction machine 1, and a steel wire rope 6 is tightly wound around the traction wheel 1.1. The up and down movement of the elevator car and the counterweight is realized by the rotation of the traction wheel 1.1. The traction machine 1 is installed on the bearing beam 2 in the machine room through bolts, in direct contact with the bearing beam 2, and a shock pad is provided therebetween. The design of this shock pad effectively reduces the vibration impact of the traction machine 1 on the bearing beam 2 during operation and extends the service life of the equipment. The bearing beam 2, as the support framework of the entire machine room structure, is made of steel structure and is arranged between the traction machine 1 and the guide wheel fixing bracket 4. The traction machine 1 is located on the upper surface of the bearing beam 2, and the guide wheel fixing bracket 4 is located on the lower surface of the bearing beam 2. The bearing beam 2 has sufficient strength and stiffness to support the weight of the traction machine 1 and the forces generated during operation. The guide wheel 5 is installed on the other side of the bearing beam 2. The guide wheel 5 is installed on one side of the guide wheel fixing bracket 4 through a U-bolt 5.1, and the other side of the guide wheel fixing bracket 4 is fixed to the bearing beam 2 through four evenly distributed bolts. This installation method not only ensures the stability of the guide wheel 5 but also facilitates future maintenance and replacement. The guide wheel 5 is installed on the shaft through a bearing. Both ends of the shaft are installed at one end of the U-bolt 5.1 through bolts, and the other end of the U-bolt 5.1 is installed on the bearing beam 2, ensuring the stability of the guide wheel 5 and the smooth rotation. A U-shaped groove 3.2 is provided on the circumference of the guide wheel 5. The U-shaped groove 3.2 is symmetrically arranged along the cross-section center line of the guide wheel 5. Three annular grooves 3.1 are provided at the bottom of the U-shaped groove 3.2, symmetrically arranged along the cross-section center line of the guide wheel 5. The annular grooves 3.1 are arc-shaped, and the curvature of the arc is the same as the cross-sectional circle curvature of the steel wire rope 6, so that the steel wire rope 6 can be smoothly embedded in the annular groove 3.1 of the guide wheel 5. There are flat transition regions between the ends of adjacent annular grooves 3.1 where they are connected, and there are a total of two transition regions. The distance between the bottoms of adjacent two annular grooves 3.1 is greater than the width of the annular groove 3.1. The purpose of this is to provide sufficient space to accommodate the small vibrations and displacements that may occur to the steel wire rope 6 during movement. The distance between the end of the outermost annular groove 3.1 and the U-shaped groove 3.2 is greater than the width of the transition region. This is to ensure the more stable fixing and guiding of the steel wire rope 6 on the guide wheel 5 and reduce the additional stress caused by the jumping or vibration of the steel wire rope 6.
[0020] As Figure 2As shown, the pressure wheel 3 is the key to the utility model. It is installed on the load-bearing beam 2 through the clamping plate 2.3 and is located between the traction machine 1 and the guide wheel 5. In order to ensure the smooth movement of the wire rope 6 and the correct tension distribution, the plane where the pressure wheel 3 is located, the plane where the guide wheel 5 is located, and the plane where the traction wheel 1.1 is located completely overlap, and the thickness of the pressure wheel 3, the traction wheel 1.1 and the guide wheel 5 are the same. The position of the wire rope 6 on the traction wheel 1.1 corresponds precisely to the position of the annular groove 3.1 of the pressure wheel 3 and the guide wheel 5. The guide wheel 5 is located slightly to the left of the traction machine 1. Such a layout helps to optimize the path of the wire rope 6 and reduce its deviation during movement. The center of the pressure wheel 3 is located slightly to the left of the center of the guide wheel 5, and the effective suppression of the wire rope 6 is achieved without adding additional space. After the wire rope 6 is wound out from the traction wheel 1.1, it is embedded in the annular groove 3.1 on the left side of the guide wheel 5 along a predetermined path, and the middle part is pressed down by the right side of the pressure wheel 3 for a distance. The design of the annular groove 3.1 allows the steel wire rope 6 to have a smooth transition on the guide wheel 5, while providing enough space to accommodate the cross section of the steel wire rope 6. The pressure wheel 3 is located on the steel wire rope 6 between the traction wheel 1.1 and the guide wheel 5. Its main function is to press the steel wire rope 6 down along the annular groove 3.1 for a specific distance. This pressing action increases the contact surface between the steel wire rope 6 and the traction wheel 1.1, increases the wrap angle, helps to improve the traction force of the system, and ensures the smooth operation of the elevator.
[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the pressure wheel 3 is installed on the shaft 2.1 through the bearing 2.2, and the pressure wheel 3 is assembled on the bearing 2.2. The bearing 2.2 is located at the exact center of the shaft 2.1, so that the balance of the pressure wheel 3 during rotation can be ensured, and the additional load and wear caused by eccentricity can be reduced. The two ends of the shaft 2.1 are connected to the clamping plate 2.3 through bolts 2.5. This connection method is simple and firm, and is easy to install and maintain. The shaft clamp 2.4 is arranged around the bolt 2.5 and is located on the side of the clamping plate 2.3 away from the pressure wheel 3. This design not only improves the compactness of the structure, but also enhances the overall rigidity. This design allows the pressure wheel 3 to rotate freely, reduces friction and wear, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving the operating efficiency of the elevator. A circular hole is provided on the load-bearing beam 2, and the shaft 2.1 is installed in the circular hole of the load-bearing beam 2, and the shaft 2.1 is fixed to the load-bearing beam 2 through the clamping plate 2.3. A symmetrical oil cup 3.3 is provided at the upper end of the outer side of the bearing 2.2. A portion of the upper end of the oil cup 3.3 is inserted into the pressure wheel 3. The oil cup 3.3 is tightly matched with the pressure wheel 3. The oil cup 3.3 is mainly used to fix the pressure wheel 3. As a fastener, the oil cup 3.3 can prevent the pressure wheel 3 from axial movement when it is subjected to force, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the elevator operation. In addition, the oil cup 3.3 also helps to reduce the vibration and noise of the pressure wheel 3 during operation and extend its service life. During the maintenance and overhaul of the elevator, checking and replacing the damaged oil cup 3.3 is an important part to ensure the safe operation of the elevator.
[0022] As shown Figure 2 in the figure, the circumferential surface of the pressing wheel 3 is provided with a U-shaped groove 3.2, and the U-shaped groove 3.2 is symmetrically arranged along the central line of the cross-section of the pressing wheel 3. There are 3 annular grooves 3.1 at the bottom of the U-shaped groove 3.2, which are symmetrically arranged along the central line of the cross-section of the pressing wheel 3 to ensure uniform distribution of the steel wire rope 6 on the pressing wheel 3, thereby providing stable friction force and traction force. The annular groove 3.1 is arc-shaped, and the curvature of its arc is the same as that of the cross-sectional circle of the steel wire rope 6. The advantage of this design is that it can provide a larger contact area, thereby increasing the friction force between the steel wire rope 6 and the pressing wheel 3 and improving the traction force. The steel wire rope 6 is embedded in the annular groove 3.1 of the pressing wheel 3, and there are flat transition regions between the ends of adjacent annular grooves 3.1. There are two transition regions in total, which provide extra space for the steel wire rope 6 to enable it to transition smoothly without restrictions. The distance between the bottoms of adjacent two annular grooves 3.1 is greater than the width of the annular groove 3.1, providing sufficient space to accommodate the small vibrations and displacements that may occur during the movement of the steel wire rope 6. The distance between the end of the outermost annular groove 3.1 and the U-shaped groove 3.2 is greater than the width of the transition region, and the design of the U-shaped groove 3.2 also helps to reduce the wear of the steel wire rope 6. These annular grooves 3.1 are used to guide the steel wire rope 6 to press down a certain distance along a predetermined path, apply appropriate pressure to the steel wire rope 6, ensure that there is sufficient wrap angle between the steel wire rope 6 and the traction machine 1 and the guide wheel 5, thereby providing stable traction force. Ensure the long-term stable operation of the elevator. The wrap angle is the radian that the traction steel wire rope 6 contacts in the rope groove of the traction wheel 1.1. This angle is a key parameter determining the traction capacity of the elevator because it affects the friction force between the steel wire rope 6 and the traction wheel 1.1, thereby affecting the traction force of the elevator. The size of the wrap angle is directly related to the safety and operating efficiency of the elevator. The larger the wrap angle, the greater the friction force and the traction force. The optimal angle of the steel wire ropes 6 on both sides of the pressing wheel 3 of the present utility model is 144 degrees. Through the action of the pressing wheel 3, the wrap angle can be maintained between 150° and 165°, meeting the traction force. The selection of this angle is based on the comprehensive consideration of the safety and operating efficiency of the elevator. A wrap angle of 150° - 165° can not only ensure sufficient friction force but also avoid excessive bending stress on the steel wire rope 6 due to too large a wrap angle, thus affecting its service life. The present utility model not only reduces the height of the machine room, improves the traction capacity of the elevator, but also ensures the long-term stable operation of the elevator, enhancing the overall operating efficiency and safety.
[0023] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, an inner groove 3.5 is provided on the end wall of the pressure wheel 3. An oil cup 3.3 is installed on the inner wall of one side of the inner groove 3.5 for regularly adding lubricating oil to ensure the long-term stable operation of the bearing 2.2, reduce wear, and extend the service life. The oil cup 3.3 is arranged on the inner groove 3.5, which can play a certain role in hiding the oil cup 3.3, avoiding direct contact between the oil cup 3.3 and the steel wire rope 6, thereby reducing potential interference problems, helping to protect the oil cup 3.3 from external pollution, and ensuring the cleanliness of the lubricating oil, which is crucial for the lubrication effect of the bearing 2.2. The two bearings 2.2 are isolated from each other, and an oil groove 3.6 is arranged in the middle. One end of the oil groove 3.6 is connected to the oil cup 3.3. This oil groove 3.6 can facilitate the storage of lubricating oil, ensure that the surface of the bearing 2.2 is fully lubricated, guarantee the stability of the relative rotation of the pressure wheel 3 with respect to the shaft 2.1, and reduce energy consumption and damage caused by friction and wear. The oil cup 3.3 and the oil groove 3.6 are provided for lubricating the bearing 2.2 of the pressure wheel 3 to reduce friction and wear and ensure the smooth operation of the pressure wheel 3. The oil cup 3.3 achieves this purpose by regularly adding lubricating oil to the bearing 2.2, which can significantly extend the service life of the pressure wheel 3 and its bearing 2.2, and is of great significance for improving the reliability of the entire elevator system and reducing maintenance costs. The setting of the oil cup 3.3 helps to reduce maintenance costs and downtime. Good lubrication can prevent failures and early wear, thereby reducing the risk of unexpected downtime. During the maintenance of the elevator, it is necessary to regularly check the oil level in the oil cup 3.3 and replenish the lubricating oil in a timely manner to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the elevator system. This is particularly important in the maintenance work of the elevator. The normal operation of the pressure wheel 3 has a direct impact on the stability and safety of the entire elevator system.
[0024] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the diameter of the pressure wheel 3 is equal to that of the guide wheel 5, ensuring that the steel wire rope 6 can maintain a smooth transition when transitioning from the guide wheel 5 to the pressure wheel 3 without sudden changes, thereby reducing the wear and fatigue of the steel wire rope 6. This smooth transition is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the steel wire rope 6 and extending its service life. The number and size of the annular grooves 3.1 of the guide wheel 5 and the pressure wheel 3 are the same, and their positions correspond. During the conversion process of the steel wire rope 6 between the guide wheel 5 and the pressure wheel 3, it can seamlessly embed into the corresponding annular groove 3.1, thereby maintaining the uniform tension of the steel wire rope 6 and reducing the friction and impact that may occur when the steel wire rope 6 transitions between different wheel grooves. The positions of the annular grooves 3.1 of the guide wheel 5 and the pressure wheel 3 correspond. No matter where the steel wire rope 6 embeds into the annular groove 3.1 of the guide wheel 5, it can find the corresponding groove position on the pressure wheel 3. This precise correspondence ensures the consistency and stability of the steel wire rope 6 during the entire movement process. The wear of the steel wire rope 6 is more uniform, reducing the possibility of local excessive wear, not only improving the operating efficiency of the elevator but also reducing maintenance costs.
[0025] Technical requirements for the pressure wheel 3.
[0026] 1. During assembly, the axial clearance of the bearing 2.2 should be adjusted to ensure the normal operation of the pressure wheel 3 without additional friction or interference. 2. The bearing 2.2 in the wheel must be filled with calcium-based grease before leaving the factory to protect the bearing from wear and maintain its performance and lifespan. 3. The general tolerances and machining allowances required for the pressure wheel 3 casting should comply with the provisions of GB / T6414-CT12-RMA3F to ensure that the general tolerances and machining allowances meet the standards for subsequent finish machining and assembly. 4. The pressure wheel 3 casting should be free of defects such as locked holes, shrinkage porosity, sand holes, inclusions, air holes, etc.; the surface of the pressure wheel 3 casting should be sandblasted and deburred to provide a smooth and high-quality surface. 5. The pressure wheel 3 casting should be stress-relieved to eliminate the internal stress that may be generated during the casting process and prevent later deformation and cracking. Its surface hardness should meet 170-200HB to ensure sufficient strength and wear resistance. 6. The wheel needs to be statically balanced before assembling the bearing 2.2 to ensure balance during rotation and reduce vibration and noise. 7. The unprocessed surface of the wheel and the cross-section of the wheel rim must be painted with safety yellow paint to provide anti-corrosion protection and meet the requirements of safety markings. 8. After quenching and tempering treatment, the hardness of the shaft 2.1 is (28-32)HBC to ensure its strength and toughness. The surface of the shaft 2.1 is oxidized (blackened) to provide additional anti-corrosion protection and aesthetics.
[0027] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An elevator traction structure, comprising a traction machine and a guide wheel, characterized in that: A pressure wheel is provided between the traction machine and the guide wheel, and a plurality of annular grooves are provided around the pressure wheel; The annular groove of the pressure wheel presses the wire rope between the traction machine and the guide wheel; The pressure wheel is arranged on the load-bearing beam through a clamping plate.
2. An elevator traction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction machine is installed on the upper surface of the load-bearing beam and is in direct contact with the load-bearing beam. A traction wheel is provided on the traction machine, and the load-bearing beam is arranged between the traction machine and the guide wheel.
3. An elevator traction structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The wrap angle between the wire rope and the traction sheave ranges from 150 degrees to 165 degrees.
4. An elevator traction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A U-shaped groove is arranged on the circumference of the pressing wheel, and a plurality of annular grooves are arranged in the U-shaped groove.
5. An elevator traction structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameters of the pressure wheel and the guide wheel are equal, and the circumference of the guide wheel is provided with an annular groove which is the same as that of the pressure wheel.
6. An elevator traction structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A transition area is provided between the ends of adjacent annular grooves, and the steel wire rope can be embedded in the annular groove.
7. An elevator traction structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure wheel is arranged on the shaft through a bearing, and both ends of the shaft are connected with the clamping plate through bolts, and shaft clamps are arranged around the bolts.
8. An elevator traction structure according to claim 2 or 7, characterized in that: A round hole is arranged on the load-bearing beam, and the shaft is installed in the round hole.
9. An elevator traction structure according to claim 1, 4 or 7, characterized in that: An inner groove is provided on the end wall of the pressure wheel, and an oil cup is provided on the inner wall of the inner groove.