Three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with waste heat recycling structure
By designing multiple storage tanks and spiral pipes in industrial electric furnaces, and heating and insulation water with pressure valves and thermal insulation sleeves, the problem that water cannot effectively absorb waste heat in the prior art is solved, the waste heat utilization efficiency and rate are improved, and energy consumption is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421759418.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-24
AI Technical Summary
When existing industrial electric furnaces use waste heat, water as a carrier cannot effectively break through its boiling point limit, resulting in poor preheating effect. The temperature of newly injected water when the electric furnace is started is too low, so it cannot quickly absorb waste heat, resulting in low waste heat utilization.
A three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace is designed, including a furnace body, a silo and a water filling station. By setting up multiple water storage chambers and spiral pipes in the furnace body, a pressure valve is used to maintain a high pressure state, further increase the water vapor temperature, and heat and insulating water through a spiral pipe and a thermal insulation sleeve to ensure that the water has a high initial temperature when the electric furnace is started.
The efficiency of waste heat utilization of electric furnaces is improved and the rate of waste heat utilization is accelerated, the energy consumption required for production is reduced, and the efficiency and rate of waste heat utilization of electric furnaces is stabilized.
Smart Images
Figure CN223005335U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of industrial electric furnaces, in particular to a three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure. Background Art
[0002] A three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace is a device used for industrial heating and melting, which has advanced heating elements (such as resistance heating wires, arc heating, etc.), improved accuracy of the temperature control system, and an automatic control system. Industrial electric furnaces have a wide range of applications in industries such as metal processing, glass manufacturing, and ceramic production due to their superior performance.
[0003] Currently, when the existing industrial electric furnaces are in use, in order to avoid waste of the high-temperature waste heat generated during the operation of the electric furnace, heat conduction devices such as heat exchangers are usually used to recover and utilize the waste heat generated during the operation of the electric furnace. The recovered waste heat is used to heat water, and then the heated water is used to preheat raw materials or the electric furnace.
[0004] However, when using this method for waste heat recovery, on the one hand, as the carrier, water cannot break through the temperature limit of its own boiling point during the heating and temperature-raising process, resulting in a poor preheating effect on the materials or the electric furnace. On the other hand, the newly injected water during each start-up process of the electric furnace has a too low temperature and cannot quickly absorb the waste heat to reach a suitable temperature, which takes a long time and the utilization rate of the waste heat generated during the operation of the electric furnace is not high. Therefore, a three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure is proposed. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the utility model provides a three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure, aiming to improve the problem of low utilization rate of the waste heat generated during the operation of the electric furnace in the existing technology.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0007] A three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure, comprising a furnace body, a bunker and a water filling station. A furnace liner is arranged in the middle of the furnace body. A plurality of water storage bins are arranged inside the furnace body. An opening and closing mechanism is installed at the rear of the furnace body. A furnace cover is fixedly connected to the top of the opening and closing mechanism. An annular water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer side of the furnace body. An annular air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the outer side of the furnace body. A pressure valve is fixedly connected to the right side of the annular air outlet pipe. A jacket is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bunker. A spiral pipe is fixedly connected inside the jacket. A delivery pump is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the water filling station. A connection is established between the output end of the delivery pump and the annular water inlet pipe. A driving component for extracting external air is installed on one side of the outer wall of the furnace body away from the water filling station. Heat preservation sleeves are fixedly connected to both sides of the water filling station. The two heat preservation sleeves are connected through a pipeline. An annular pipe is fixedly connected to the outer side of the furnace cover. A plurality of suction heads are installed at the bottom of the annular pipe. An air inlet pipe is connected between the annular pipe and one of the heat preservation sleeves. An air suction pipe is connected between the other heat preservation sleeve and the driving component.
[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0009] A water inlet is fixedly connected to the top of the front side of the water filling station.
[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0011] A connection is established between the inside of the annular water inlet pipe and the inside of the water storage bin. A connection is established between the inside of the annular air outlet pipe and the inside of the water storage bin.
[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0013] A connection is established between the top of the spiral pipe and the pressure valve. A connection is established between the inside of the water filling station and the bottom of the spiral pipe.
[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0015] The driving component includes a cylinder body. The outer wall of the cylinder body is fixedly connected to one side of the furnace body away from the water filling station. A piston is slidably connected to one side inside the cylinder body. A spring is arranged on the other side inside the cylinder body. A steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the top of the piston. The top of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to a connection handle. The connection handle is fixedly connected to one side of the furnace cover away from the water filling station.
[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0017] The bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top of the piston. The top end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the cylinder body.
[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0019] A guide wheel is installed on the side of the annular air outlet pipe away from the water filling station, and the outer periphery of the steel wire rope penetrates through the inner side of the guide wheel.
[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0021] One end of the suction pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylinder body, and the other end of the suction pipe is communicated with the front heat preservation sleeve.
[0022] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0023] 1. In the utility model, by using the waste heat dissipated when the furnace body starts, the water inside the water storage bin is heated. Under the action of the pressure valve, the water vapor inside the water storage bin is in a high-pressure state, so that the temperature of the water vapor is further increased. Then, the high-temperature water vapor is used to quickly preheat the materials, and the preheating temperature can be further increased. At the same time, there is still a certain temperature left in the used water vapor, and the water inside the water filling station is heated by the remaining temperature. When used later, the water inside the water storage bin will have a relatively high initial temperature, so that it can evaporate quickly when absorbing the waste heat of the furnace body, reducing the evaporation time required, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the waste heat of the electric furnace and accelerating the subsequent utilization rate of the waste heat of the electric furnace, and reducing the energy consumption required for production.
[0024] 2. In the utility model, when the electric furnace is opened after processing is completed, the heat remaining inside the furnace liner will be dissipated and heat the air at the furnace mouth as the furnace cover is opened. During the process, the piston is pulled by the steel wire rope to move, and the hot air at the furnace mouth is sucked into the heat preservation sleeve, and then the hot air is used to keep the water inside the water filling station warm and heated. When the electric furnace stops, the waste heat generated after it stops can be further utilized to keep the water used for preheating the materials inside the water filling station warm or heated, ensuring that the water temperature can still be kept at a relatively high level during subsequent use, further recovering and utilizing the waste heat generated by the electric furnace, and at the same time ensuring the stability of the utilization efficiency and rate of the waste heat of the electric furnace. Description of the Drawings
[0025] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the first perspective of a three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat reuse structure proposed by the utility model;
[0026] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the second perspective of a three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat reuse structure proposed by the utility model;
[0027] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The enlarged view at A in
[0028] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the water storage tank structure of a three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure proposed by the present utility model;
[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the spiral tube structure of a three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure proposed by the present utility model;
[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water filling station of a three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure proposed by the present utility model;
[0031] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the cylinder body of a three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure proposed by the present utility model.
[0032] Legend description:
[0033] 1. Furnace body; 2. Furnace liner; 3. Water storage tank; 4. Opening and closing mechanism; 5. Furnace cover; 6. Annular water inlet pipe; 7. Annular gas outlet pipe; 8. Pressure valve; 9. Silo; 10. Jacket; 11. Spiral tube; 12. Water filling station; 13. Delivery pump; 14. Water inlet; 15. Heat preservation sleeve; 16. Annular tube; 17. Suction head; 18. Air inlet pipe; 19. Cylinder body; 20. Piston; 21. Spring; 22. Steel wire rope; 23. Connecting handle; 24. Guide wheel; 25. Suction gas pipe. Specific implementation manners
[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0035] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5, an embodiment provided by the present utility model: a three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure, including a furnace body 1, a material bin 9, and a water filling station 12. A furnace liner 2 is arranged in the middle of the furnace body 1. Through the electric heating components installed inside the furnace body 1, the furnace liner 2 can be quickly heated, so that the materials inside the furnace liner 2 can be melted or undergo high-temperature heat treatment. A plurality of water storage bins 3 are provided inside the furnace body 1. The water storage bins 3 are arranged at the outer wall edge of the furnace body 1. The water stored inside the water storage bins 3 can absorb and store the waste heat emitted when the furnace body 1 is started. Since the waste heat temperature emitted when the furnace body 1 is started is extremely high, the water inside the water storage bins 3 will be heated until it boils. An opening and closing mechanism 4 is installed at the rear of the furnace body 1. The top of the opening and closing mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to a furnace cover 5. Through the opening and closing mechanism 4, the furnace cover 5 can be conveniently opened or closed to facilitate adding materials into the furnace liner 2. A circular water inlet pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer side of the furnace body 1. The water used to recover the waste heat of the electric furnace enters the water storage bins 3 through the circular water inlet pipe 6. A circular air outlet pipe 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer side of the furnace body 1. The water vapor generated inside the water storage bins 3 will enter the circular air outlet pipe 7. A pressure valve 8 is fixedly connected to the right side of the circular air outlet pipe 7. Through the pressure valve 8, the space between the circular air outlet pipe 7 and the upper part of the water storage bins 3 can be kept sealed. As the water inside the water storage bins 3 evaporates and rises, a high-pressure environment will quickly form inside the water storage bins 3 and the circular air outlet pipe 7, so that the rising water vapor can further absorb the waste heat emitted by the furnace body 1 and be in a high-temperature state until the air pressure borne by the pressure valve 8 reaches the threshold value, and the pressure valve 8 will automatically open and release the high-temperature gas inside the water storage bins 3 and the circular air outlet pipe 7.
[0036] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a jacket 10 is fixedly connected to the outside of the material bin 9. A spiral pipe 11 is fixedly connected inside the jacket 10. The high-temperature water vapor will extend the residence time inside the jacket 10 under the action of the spiral pipe 11, and then fully preheat the plastics placed inside the material bin 9 to the required temperature. A delivery pump 13 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the water filling station 12. The output end of the delivery pump 13 is communicated with the circular water inlet pipe 6. After passing through the spiral pipe 11, the heat of the high-temperature water vapor will be quickly released, and then the water vapor and water formed after cooling will enter the water filling station 12, thereby heating the water remaining inside the water filling station 12, so that the water stored inside the water filling station 12 can have a certain initial temperature. A driving component for extracting external air is installed on one side of the outer wall of the furnace body 1 away from the water filling station 12. Heat preservation sleeves 15 are fixedly connected to both sides of the water filling station 12. The outside of the heat preservation sleeves 15 is covered with heat preservation materials, which can slow down the heat loss of the water stored inside the water filling station 12. At the same time, the side of the heat preservation sleeve 15 close to the water filling station 12 has good heat conduction performance.
[0037] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the two heat preservation sleeves 15 are connected through a pipeline, so that the hot air inhaled by the annular pipe 16 and the suction head 17 will sequentially pass through the two heat preservation sleeves 15. An annular pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the outside of the furnace cover 5, and a plurality of suction heads 17 are installed at the bottom of the annular pipe 16. An air inlet pipe 18 is connected between the annular pipe 16 and one of the heat preservation sleeves 15, and a suction pipe 25 is connected between the other heat preservation sleeve 15 and the driving assembly. When the furnace is opened, the hot air at the furnace mouth will be inhaled by the suction head 17 and flow along the annular pipe 16 and the air inlet pipe 18 into the two heat preservation sleeves 15, so as to heat and keep warm the water stored in the water filling station 12. A water inlet 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the front side of the water filling station 12. Through the water inlet 14, fresh water can be replenished into the water filling station 12 to make up for the loss during operation and ensure the stability of the electric furnace waste heat recovery system. The inside of the annular water inlet pipe 6 is connected to the inside of the water storage bin 3, and the inside of the annular air outlet pipe 7 is connected to the inside of the water storage bin 3, so that the water injected into the annular water inlet pipe 6 will directly enter the water storage bin 3 and wait to absorb the waste heat dissipated during the operation of the electric furnace. The top of the spiral pipe 11 is connected to the pressure valve 8, and the inside of the water filling station 12 is connected to the bottom of the spiral pipe 11, so that the high-temperature water vapor passing through the pressure valve 8 will enter the spiral pipe 11 to release heat. Then, the water vapor after releasing heat will carry the remaining heat into the water filling station 12 to heat the water inside the water filling station 12 and make it have a relatively high initial temperature.
[0038] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7, the driving component includes a cylinder body 19, the outer wall of the cylinder body 19 is fixedly connected to one side of the furnace body 1 away from the water filling station 12. A piston 20 is slidably connected to one side inside the cylinder body 19, and a spring 21 is arranged on the other side inside the cylinder body 19. The top of the piston 20 is fixedly connected to a steel wire rope 22, and the top end of the steel wire rope 22 is fixedly connected to a connecting handle 23, and the connecting handle 23 is fixedly connected to one side of the furnace cover 5 away from the water filling station 12. The bottom end of the spring 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston 20, and the top end of the spring 21 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the cylinder body 19. As the furnace cover 5 is opened upward, the connecting handle 23 will also move upward and pull the steel wire rope 22 upward. Under the limiting and guiding of the guiding wheel 24, the steel wire rope 22 can drag the piston 20 to move upward and compress the steel wire rope 22. When the piston 20 moves upward inside the cylinder body 19, a negative pressure state will be formed in the space at the bottom of the piston 20, so that the pressure will be transmitted to the suction head 17 through the suction pipe 25, the heat preservation sleeve 15, the air inlet pipe 18 and the annular pipe 16. Then the suction head 17 will quickly suck the hot air near the furnace mouth and the furnace cover 5. Subsequently, the hot air enters the inside of the heat preservation sleeve 15 along the air inlet pipe 18. The serpentine pipe inside the heat preservation sleeve 15 will extend the residence time of the hot air. Then, the heat in the hot air is conducted to the inside of the water filling station 12 through the heat preservation sleeve 15 with good thermal conductivity, so as to play a role in keeping warm or heating the water stored inside the water filling station 12. A guiding wheel 24 is installed on one side of the annular air outlet pipe 7 away from the water filling station 12. The outer circumference of the steel wire rope 22 passes through the inner side of the guiding wheel 24. Through the guiding of the guiding wheel 24, it can be ensured that when the connecting handle 23 pulls the steel wire rope 22, the piston 20 can be driven to move upward. One end of the suction pipe 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylinder body 19, and the other end of the suction pipe 25 is communicated with the front heat preservation sleeve 15. When the piston 20 moves upward, a negative pressure state will be formed inside the cylinder body 19, and then the suction force will be transmitted to the suction head 17 through the suction pipe 25.
[0039] Working principle: When the electric furnace starts to work, the furnace body 1 heats the inside of the furnace liner 2, and then conducts high-temperature treatment on the materials placed inside the furnace liner 2. During this process, the water inside the water storage tank 3 will be heated to boiling. As time goes by, the water inside the water storage tank 3 boils and a large amount of water vapor rises. The water vapor will enter the inside of the annular outlet pipe 7 and be blocked by the pressure valve 8. As the rising water vapor gradually increases, the pressure inside the water storage tank 3 and the annular outlet pipe 7 gradually increases. At this time, the temperature of the water vapor further increases under the high-pressure environment. Until the pressure inside the water storage tank 3 and the annular outlet pipe 7 reaches the threshold value of the pressure valve 8, at this time the pressure valve 8 is forced to open, and at the same time the high-temperature water vapor will enter the inside of the jacket 10 along the spiral pipe 11. The high-temperature water vapor will quickly transfer heat to the storage bin 9 through the jacket 10 with good heat conduction performance. Appropriately, the temperature inside the storage bin 9 rises rapidly, and then pre-heats the materials to be processed stored inside the storage bin 9, ensuring that the materials have an initial temperature when added to the inside of the furnace body 1, so that the time required for the furnace body 1 to heat the materials is shorter, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the electric furnace. At the same time, a part of the water vapor after releasing heat will turn into the state of water, and then the water vapor and water will enter the water filling station 12, and then heat the water remaining inside the water filling station 12, so that the water stored inside the water filling station 12 can have a certain initial temperature. As the electric furnace is used, then the delivery pump 13 will transport this water with an initial temperature to the inside of the annular inlet pipe 6 and the water storage tank 3, so that the water entering the inside of the water storage tank 3 can be heated to the boiling state more quickly by the heat generated when the furnace body 1 starts, and then quickly generate water vapor. The subsequently generated water vapor is used to heat the next batch of materials. This enables the electric furnace to make faster use of the waste heat generated during its operation and reduce the loss of waste heat.
[0040] Meanwhile, when the high-temperature treatment of the materials is completed in the electric furnace, the opening and closing mechanism 4 is activated at this time to open the furnace cover 5 upward. During this process, the heat remaining inside the electric furnace will quickly heat the air at the furnace opening. At the same time, as the furnace cover 5 is opened upward, the connecting handle 23 will also move upward and pull the steel wire rope 22 upward. Under the limit and guidance of the guide wheel 24, the steel wire rope 22 can drag the piston 20 to move upward and compress the steel wire rope 22. When the piston 20 moves upward inside the cylinder body 19, a negative pressure state will be formed in the space at the bottom of the piston 20, so that the pressure will be transmitted to the suction head 17 through the suction pipe 25, the heat preservation sleeve 15, the air inlet pipe 18 and the annular pipe 16. Subsequently, the suction head 17 will quickly suck in the hot air near the furnace opening and the furnace cover 5. Then, the hot air enters the heat preservation sleeve 15 along the air inlet pipe 18. The serpentine pipe inside the heat preservation sleeve 15 will extend the residence time of the hot air. Subsequently, the heat in the hot air is conducted to the inside of the water adding station 12 through the heat preservation sleeve 15 with good thermal conductivity, thereby playing a role in keeping warm or heating the water stored inside the water adding station 12. During the period when the electric furnace stops operating during unloading, the electric furnace can utilize the waste heat generated inside when it is opened to keep warm or heat the water inside the water adding station 12. So that when the electric furnace starts up subsequently, it can utilize the waste heat generated by the start-up of the electric furnace to raise the temperature for preheating the next batch of materials, thereby further utilizing the waste heat generated during the operation and stop of the electric furnace.
[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure, comprising a furnace body (1), a silo (9) and a water filling station (12), characterized in that: A furnace (2) is provided in the middle of the furnace body (1), a plurality of water storage bins (3) are provided inside the furnace body (1), an opening and closing mechanism (4) is installed on the rear side of the furnace body (1), a furnace cover (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the opening and closing mechanism (4), an annular water inlet pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer side of the furnace body (1), an annular air outlet pipe (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the outer side of the furnace body (1), a pressure valve (8) is fixedly connected to the right side of the annular air outlet pipe (7), a jacket (10) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the silo (9), a spiral pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the inside of the jacket (10), a delivery pump (13) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the water filling station (12), and the The output end of the delivery pump (13) is connected to the annular water inlet pipe (6); a driving component for extracting external air is installed on the side of the outer wall of the furnace body (1) away from the water filling station (12); both sides of the water filling station (12) are fixedly connected to insulation sleeves (15); the two insulation sleeves (15) are connected through pipelines; an annular pipe (16) is fixedly connected to the outside of the furnace cover (5); a plurality of suction heads (17) are installed at the bottom of the annular pipe (16); an air inlet pipe (18) is connected between the annular pipe (16) and one of the insulation sleeves (15); and an air suction pipe (25) is connected between the other insulation sleeve (15) and the driving component.
2. The three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A water inlet (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the front side of the water filling station (12).
3. The three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The interior of the annular water inlet pipe (6) is communicated with the interior of the water storage tank (3), and the interior of the annular air outlet pipe (7) is communicated with the interior of the water storage tank (3).
4. The three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top end of the spiral tube (11) is in communication with the pressure valve (8), and the interior of the water filling station (12) is in communication with the bottom end of the spiral tube (11).
5. The three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a cylinder (19), the outer wall of the cylinder (19) being fixedly connected to a side of the furnace body (1) away from the water filling station (12), a piston (20) being slidably connected to one side of the interior of the cylinder (19), a spring (21) being provided on the other side of the interior of the cylinder (19), a steel wire rope (22) being fixedly connected to the top of the piston (20), a connecting handle (23) being fixedly connected to the top of the steel wire rope (22), and the connecting handle (23) being fixedly connected to a side of the furnace cover (5) away from the water filling station (12).
6. The three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the spring (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the piston (20), and the top end of the spring (21) is fixedly connected to the top wall inside the cylinder (19).
7. The three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A guide wheel (24) is installed on the side of the annular air outlet pipe (7) away from the water filling station (12), and the outer circumference of the steel wire rope (22) passes through the inner side of the guide wheel (24).
8. The three-dimensional combined industrial electric furnace with a waste heat recycling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the air intake pipe (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylinder (19), and the other end of the air intake pipe (25) is connected to the front thermal insulation sleeve (15).