Water bloom detection system
By setting active light sources of different wavelengths in a multispectral camera, the problem of multispectral cameras being unable to recognize the spectral information of the water surface at weak light or at night is solved, and the water bloom detection and recognition in a light-polished environment is realized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421471696.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-25
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, multi-spectral cameras cannot accurately identify spectral information on the surface of water when the light is weak or at night, and thus cannot realize water bloom detection and recognition.
Active light sources of different wavelengths are set in a multispectral camera, such as LED active light sources of four wavelengths: red edge, red, green and blue, to provide sufficient light sources in an environment with poor light, ensuring that the multispectral camera can collect spectral information on the surface of the target water.
By setting up an active light source, multi-spectral cameras can effectively collect spectral information on the surface of water in an environment of poor light, solving the problem of difficulty in detecting and identifying water blooms caused by insufficient light.
Smart Images
Figure CN223006043U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of data acquisition, and particularly relates to a water bloom detection system. Background Art
[0002] Water bloom is a natural ecological phenomenon of massive reproduction of algae in fresh water bodies, and it is a characteristic of water eutrophication. After domestic and industrial and agricultural production wastewater containing a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus elements enters the water body, algae such as cyanobacteria, green algae, and diatoms gradually become the dominant populations in the water body. After massive reproduction, the water body shows blue or green, which is called a "water bloom" event. Water blooms are mainly divided into two categories: phytoplankton water blooms and attached plant water blooms. Once an algal water bloom occurs, it will cause serious harm to the water body, ecological environment and health. Therefore, in order to ensure the health of the water quality of the water body and prevent the massive reproduction of algae, it is necessary to detect the growth of algae in the water body.
[0003] In the related art, generally, a multi-spectral camera is set on a drone to capture images of the surface of the target water body. Through image processing and analysis of the captured images, early identification of water blooms in the target water body is carried out based on the results of the processing and analysis. However, the multi-spectral camera is a passive spectral signal receiving device, and it cannot accurately identify the spectral information of the water surface when the sun's rays are weak (such as on rainy or cloudy days) or at night, and thus cannot achieve water bloom detection and identification. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present utility model provide a water bloom detection system to solve the technical problem in the prior art that water bloom detection and identification cannot be achieved in an environment with poor light.
[0005] The technical solution proposed by the present utility model is as follows:
[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present utility model provide a water bloom detection system, which includes: a drone and a data processing module. Among them, a multi-spectral camera is set in the drone; active light sources with different wavelengths are set in the multi-spectral camera; and the multi-spectral camera is connected to the data processing module.
[0007] Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a high-definition camera is also set in the drone, and the high-definition camera is connected to the data processing module
[0008] Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an image transmission module is also set in the drone, and the multi-spectral camera and the high-definition camera are connected to the data processing module through the image transmission module.
[0009] Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the system further includes a display module, and the display module is connected to the data processing module.
[0010] Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the active light sources of different wavelengths are LED active light sources with four wavelengths of red edge, red, green, and blue.
[0011] Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the system further includes a control terminal. A wireless communication module and a control module are also provided in the drone, and the control terminal is connected to the control module through the wireless communication module.
[0012] Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the multi-spectral camera is a complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera with four wavelengths of red edge, red, green, and blue.
[0013] Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the system further includes a storage module, and the storage module is connected to the data processing module.
[0014] Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the active light source is an LED chip.
[0015] Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the control terminal further includes a warning module, and the warning module is connected to the data processing module.
[0016] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following effects:
[0017] A water bloom detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, by setting active light sources of different wavelengths in a multi-spectral camera, the active light sources of different wavelengths can provide sufficient light sources in the environment when the ambient light is poor, ensuring that the multi-spectral camera can collect spectral information on the surface of the target water body in an environment with poor light, and solving the problem that in the related art, the multi-spectral camera cannot take clear and accurate spectral information of the water surface when the light is weak or at night, and thus cannot realize water bloom detection and identification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water bloom detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific example of a water bloom detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of another specific example of the water bloom detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of yet another specific example of the water bloom detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners
[0023] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper end", "inside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.
[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can also be the communication inside two elements. It can be a wireless connection or a wired connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
[0026] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0027] An embodiment of the present invention provides a water bloom detection system, as Figure 1 shown. The water bloom detection system includes: a drone 11 and a data processing module 12. Among them, a multispectral camera 13 is provided in the drone 11; active light sources 14 with different wavelengths are provided in the multispectral camera 13; the multispectral camera 13 is connected to the data processing module 12.
[0028] Specifically, the drone 11 can be a small drone. A multispectral camera is mounted on the drone 11. By controlling the operation of the drone 11, the multispectral camera 13 can collect multispectral information on the surface of the target water body. The target water body can be any water body that needs to be detected for algal blooms. The multispectral camera 13 is a passive spectral signal receiving device. When the sunlight is weak (such as on a cloudy or rainy day) or at night, it is impossible to accurately identify the spectral information on the water surface. By setting active light sources 14 with different wavelengths, when the ambient light is dim, the active light sources 14 with different wavelengths are controlled to emit light, facilitating the multispectral camera 13 to collect the spectral information on the surface of the target water body. The multispectral camera 13 is mounted in the algal bloom detection system to monitor algal blooms in areas where visual changes are not easily detected. If there are already algal blooms in the target water area, its spectral information has changed compared to before. Therefore, algal blooms can be detected by changes in spectral information. The data processing module 12 receives the spectral information collected by the multispectral camera 13, preprocesses the spectral information, and performs algal bloom detection and identification on the target water body based on the preprocessed spectral information and the algorithm model constructed in advance.
[0029] In the algal bloom detection system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model, by setting active light sources with different wavelengths in the multispectral camera, the active light sources with different wavelengths can provide sufficient light sources in the environment when the ambient light is poor, ensuring that the multispectral camera can collect the spectral information on the surface of the target water body in an environment with poor light. This solves the problem in the related art that the multispectral camera cannot take clear and accurate pictures to identify the spectral information on the water surface in weak light or at night, and thus cannot achieve algal bloom detection and identification.
[0030] As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present utility model, as Figure 2 shown, a high-definition camera 15 is also provided in the drone 11. The high-definition camera 15 is connected to the data processing module 12.
[0031] Specifically, the high-definition camera 15 is set to obtain centimeter-level or even sub-centimeter-level high-resolution images, so as to capture the fine visual texture features in the early stage of algal blooms and accurately identify small targets. At the same time, the high-definition camera 15 can also be used in the stage of algal bloom outbreak. By performing regional segmentation on the obtained high-resolution images, the algal bloom area can be accurately identified. In severely affected areas of algal blooms, videos can be saved through the high-definition camera 15 and sent back to the monitoring station personnel for level assessment based on experience. In the embodiment of the present utility model, the functions of the data processing module 12 include: (1) Data preprocessing. Mainly perform geometric correction on the high-resolution images collected by the high-definition camera; perform geometric correction and radiometric correction on the multi-spectral images collected by the multi-spectral camera. Radiometric correction is used to obtain real water-leaving reflectance information. (2) Image visual interpretation. Establish a deep neural network that can accurately identify small targets for rapid identification of early algal blooms. The target recognition model includes but is not limited to R-CNN, YOLO7, etc., for rapid network training and recognition in the case of small targets, and existing experience knowledge can be applied to early algal bloom detection through methods such as transfer learning. Establish an image semantic segmentation model to accurately identify the occurrence area of algal blooms for estimating the scope involved in algal blooms. The semantic segmentation model includes but is not limited to U-net, Deeplab, etc. By combining image processing technologies such as super-resolution reconstruction and sub-pixel localization as a module of the deep model, it is convenient to complement the details of the algal bloom area, and then use a multi-scale attention edge segmentation model to accurately identify the edge contour. (3) Spectral information extraction. Using the real water-leaving reflectance information, establish models including but not limited to spectral indices such as the vegetation indices NDVI, EVI, etc., statistical models such as multiple linear regression, logistic regression, etc., empirical models such as threshold parameters, and machine learning such as support vector machines, random forests, neural networks, etc., to capture early algal bloom events through spectral information and its changes.
[0032] As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present utility model, an image transmission module is further provided in the unmanned aerial vehicle 11, and the multi-spectral camera 13 and the high-definition camera 15 are connected to the data processing module 12 through the image transmission module.
[0033] Specifically, the multi-spectral camera 13 and the high-definition camera 15 are connected to the data processing module 12 through the image transmission module, which facilitates the stable transmission of the water surface data collected by the multi-spectral camera 13 and the high-definition camera 15 by the image transmission module. The present utility model does not make specific limitations on the image transmission module, as long as the data transmission requirements are met.
[0034] As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present utility model, the algal bloom detection system further includes a display module, and the display module is connected to the data processing module 12.
[0035] Specifically, the display module can display the image data processed by the data processing module. There is no specific limitation in the present utility model as long as the display requirements are met. In the embodiments of the present utility model, a visualization platform can be established to load the map of the monitoring area, quickly mark the area and spatial position information of the monitored bloom area on the map, and combine dynamics and bloom growth experience to infer the diffusion range and dynamic changes of the bloom.
[0036] As an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the present utility model, the active light sources of different wavelengths are active light sources of four wavelengths: red edge, red, green, and blue.
[0037] Specifically, by setting the LED active light sources of four wavelengths: red edge, red, green, and blue, the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectral information received by the camera is effectively improved, which is convenient for subsequent inversion of the true water-leaving reflectance. Using the change of spectral information, the approximate range of the bloom outbreak area can also be outlined by binary classification of the multi-spectral image, assisting in the positioning of the severe bloom area and the estimation of the involved range in the high-resolution image.
[0038] As an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the present utility model, as Figure 3 shown, the bloom detection system further includes a control terminal 16. A wireless communication module and a control module are also provided in the unmanned aerial vehicle. The control terminal 16 is connected to the control module through the wireless communication module.
[0039] Specifically, the control terminal 16 is connected to the control module through the wireless communication module. The control terminal 16 may include, but is not limited to, a mobile intelligent terminal. Control instructions are generated through the control terminal 16 and sent to the control module through the wireless communication module, facilitating the control module to control the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the working state of the active light source based on the control instructions.
[0040] As an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the present utility model, the multi-spectral camera is a complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera of four wavelengths: red edge, red, green, and blue.
[0041] Specifically, the multi-spectral includes complementary metal oxide semiconductor cameras of four wavelengths: red edge, red, green, and blue, which correspond one-to-one with the LED active light sources of four wavelengths: red edge, red, green, and blue, facilitating the setting of the camera photosensitive intensity and the initial power of the LED light source, as well as the calibration work of the prototype. Considering that the bloom is mainly composed of populations such as cyanobacteria and green algae, the selected multi-spectral camera can include four bands: red edge, red, green, and blue.
[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the layout positions of the high-definition camera 15, the active light sources 14 of different wavelengths, and the complementary metal oxide semiconductor cameras (CMOS) of four wavelengths: red edge 1, red 2, green 3, and blue 4 can be as follows Figure 4as shown
[0043] As an optional implementation manner of an embodiment of the present utility model, the water bloom detection system further includes a storage module, and the storage module is connected to the data processing module 12.
[0044] Specifically, the storage module is connected to the data processing module 12 and can be used to store the data collected by the high-definition camera and the multispectral camera.
[0045] As an optional implementation manner of an embodiment of the present utility model, the active light source is an LED chip.
[0046] As an optional implementation manner of an embodiment of the present utility model, the control terminal 16 further includes a warning module, and the warning module is connected to the data processing module 12.
[0047] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the warning module is used to send a warning message when the data processing module 12 detects that a water bloom occurs in the target water body.
[0048] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A water bloom detection system, characterized in that: The system includes: a drone and a data processing module, wherein: The drone is provided with a multispectral camera; The multi-spectral camera is provided with active light sources of different wavelengths; The multispectral camera is connected to the data processing module.
2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The drone is also provided with a high-definition camera, which is connected to the data processing module.
3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The drone is also provided with an image transmission module, and the multispectral camera and the high-definition camera are connected to the data processing module via the image transmission module.
4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system further comprises a display module, and the display module is connected to the data processing module.
5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The active light sources with different wavelengths are active light sources with four wavelengths: red edge, red, green and blue.
6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system also includes a control terminal. The drone is also provided with a wireless communication module and a control module. The control terminal is connected to the control module via the wireless communication module.
7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-spectral camera is a complementary metal oxide semiconductor camera with four wavelengths: red edge, red, green and blue.
8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system further comprises a storage module, and the storage module is connected to the data processing module.
9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The active light source is an LED chip.
10. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The control terminal also includes an early warning module, and the early warning module is connected to the data processing module.