Dilution refrigerator and quantum computer with same

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dilution refrigerator and a quantum computer with the dilution refrigerator. The dilution refrigerator is hung on a supporting frame. The dilution refrigerator comprises N cold plates and shielding barrels connected with the cold plates in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and N is larger than or equal to 2. The cold plates are connected with the shielding barrel to form temperature zones, the n temperature zone sleeves the (n + 1) temperature zone, n is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N-1, and two adjacent cold plates are connected; a rotating piece for enabling the cold disc and the shielding barrel to generate relative rotation is arranged between the cold disc and the shielding barrel; maintenance doors are arranged on all the shielding barrels, and the shielding barrels rotate to drive the maintenance doors to the maintenance positions. The rotating part is arranged on the cold disc, the shielding barrel is made to rotate on the rotating part through the driving mechanism, in the rotating process of the shielding barrel, the maintenance door is made to rotate to the position needing to be maintained, any position in the dilution refrigerator can be maintained under the conditions that the shielding barrel is not disassembled and the maintenance doors are arranged as few as possible, operation is convenient, and the maintenance efficiency is improved. And sealing is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of quantum computers, in particular to a dilution refrigerator and a quantum computer having the same. Background Art

[0002] The main part of the superconducting quantum computer is the dilution refrigerator, which provides it with an extremely low temperature environment. The dilution refrigerator is generally composed of a normal temperature plate and a layered cold plate that decreases step by step. A shielding barrel of corresponding size is installed at the bottom of each cold plate to shield the external environmental magnetic field interference. The outermost layer of normal temperature shielding barrel is installed at the bottom of the normal temperature plate, which plays the role of magnetic shielding and vacuum sealing. At present, the cold plate of the dilution refrigerator of a small superconducting quantum computer is relatively small, and the diameter is mostly within one meter. The "plate" and "barrel" of each level are flanged and directly connected together with bolts. When it is necessary to replace or check the internal components or cables, the barrels must be removed layer by layer, but they are all manual operations and are very inefficient.

[0003] At the same time, as quantum computers develop towards larger bit numbers, high-power dilution refrigerators must also be developed. This will result in a significant increase in size. The direct result is that the diameter of the cold plate and the shielding barrel may increase to more than two meters, and the weight may reach several tons, which will bring great difficulties to the disassembly and assembly work. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a dilution refrigerator and a quantum computer having the same.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a dilution refrigerator, which is hoisted on a support frame; the dilution refrigerator includes N cold plates and shielding barrels connected to the cold plates in a one-to-one correspondence, N≥2; the cold plates are connected to the shielding barrels to form temperature zones, the nth temperature zone is arranged outside the n+1th temperature zone, 1≤n≤N-1, and two adjacent cold plates are connected; a rotating part is arranged between the cold plate and the shielding barrel to enable the cold plate and the shielding barrel to rotate relative to each other; a maintenance door is arranged on all the shielding barrels, and the shielding barrels rotate to drive the maintenance door to the maintenance position.

[0006] To be more specific, the rotating member is connected to the cold plate via a connecting member, and the rotating member can move up and down along the connecting member; a clamping mechanism is provided on the support frame, and the clamping mechanism drives the rotating member to move upward until the shielding barrel contacts the cold plate; the clamping mechanism drives the rotating member to move downward until the shielding barrel is separated from the cold plate.

[0007] More specifically, a sealing ring is provided on the shielding barrel; the pressing mechanism drives the rotating member to move upward until the sealing ring contacts the cold plate; the pressing mechanism drives the rotating member to move downward until the sealing ring is separated from the cold plate.

[0008] More specifically, two circles of sealing rings are provided.

[0009] More specifically, a maintenance door is provided on all the shielding barrels.

[0010] More specifically, a synchronizing member is provided on the shielding barrel, and the synchronizing member connects all the shielding barrels, and all the shielding barrels rotate synchronously.

[0011] More specifically, the driving mechanism includes a driven wheel provided on the shielding barrel, a driving wheel meshing with the driven wheel, and a driving motor for driving the driving wheel to rotate.

[0012] More specifically, the pressing mechanism includes a pressing cylinder provided on the support frame, a pressing rod provided on the pressing cylinder, and a fixed fulcrum connected to the pressing rod. The pressing rod can swing along the fixed fulcrum; one end of the pressing rod is connected to the pressing cylinder, and the other end contacts the shielding barrel. The fixed fulcrum is provided between the two end points.

[0013] More specifically, the rotating member is provided as a slewing bearing. The inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the cold plate through a connecting member, and the outer ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the shielding barrel.

[0014] A quantum computer includes any one of the dilution refrigerators described above.

[0015] The present utility model solves the defects existing in the background art, and the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] A rotating member is provided on the cold plate, and the shielding barrel is provided on the rotating member, so that the shielding barrel and the cold plate rotate relative to each other. The maintenance door on the shielding barrel is opened, and during the rotation of the shielding barrel, the maintenance door rotates to the position to be repaired. It is possible to repair any position inside the dilution refrigerator without disassembling the shielding barrel and with as few maintenance doors as possible, which is not only convenient for operation but also can ensure the sealing effect inside the dilution refrigerator. Description of the Drawings

[0017] The following further illustrates the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments;

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the present utility model Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 2Schematic three-dimensional structure of the present utility model Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 3 is the Figure 2 enlarged view at position A in the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic three-dimensional structure of the present utility model with all maintenance doors opened Figure 3 ;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 is the Figure 5 enlarged view at position B in the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram when the normal temperature shielding barrel of the present utility model is extruded by the pressing mechanism;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram when the normal temperature shielding barrel of the present utility model is released by the pressing mechanism;

[0026] In the figure: 1, support frame; 2, dilution refrigerator; 21, normal temperature plate; 22, normal temperature shielding barrel; 221, maintenance door; 222, sealing ring; 23, primary cold plate; 24, primary shielding barrel; 25, secondary cold plate; 26, secondary shielding barrel; 27, tertiary cold plate; 28, tertiary shielding barrel; 29, quaternary cold plate; 30, quaternary shielding barrel; 31, quinary cold plate; 32, quinary shielding barrel; 4, driving mechanism; 41, driving motor; 42, driving wheel; 43, driven wheel; 44, slewing bearing; 441, connecting piece; 5, pressing mechanism; 51, pressing cylinder; 52, pressing rod; 6, synchronizing piece. Specific embodiments

[0027] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the implementation of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model. The embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0029] It should be understood that the drawings are only used for exemplary illustration of the present application.

[0030] Now, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present utility model in a schematic manner. Therefore, they only show the components related to the present utility model.

[0031] A dilution refrigerator, as Figures 1-8 shown, includes N cold plates and shielding barrels connected to the cold plates one by one, where N≥2; specifically, the number of the cold plates and shielding barrels can be set according to needs, but the number of the cold plates is the same as that of the shielding barrels. After the cold plates and the shielding barrels are connected, temperature zones are formed. The nth temperature zone is sleeved outside the (n + 1)th temperature zone, where 1≤n≤N - 1. Specifically, the first temperature zone is sleeved outside the second temperature zone, the second temperature zone is sleeved outside the third temperature zone, the third temperature zone is sleeved outside the fourth temperature zone, and the sleeving is carried out according to the specific set number. Two adjacent cold plates are connected by support columns.

[0032] In this solution, the cold plate includes a normal-temperature plate 21 and at least one hierarchical cold plate; the shielding barrel includes a normal-temperature shielding barrel 22 connected to the normal-temperature plate 21 and hierarchical shielding barrels connected to the hierarchical cold plates one by one. More specifically, the cold plate includes a normal-temperature plate 21, a first-level cold plate 23, a second-level cold plate 25, and a third-level cold plate 27. Of course, if more cold plates are needed, it can also include a fourth-level cold plate 29, a fifth-level cold plate 31, a sixth-level cold plate, etc. The shielding barrel includes a normal-temperature shielding barrel 22, a first-level shielding barrel 24, a second-level shielding barrel 26, and a third-level shielding barrel 28. Of course, if more shielding barrels are needed, it can also include a fourth-level shielding barrel 30, a fifth-level shielding barrel 32, a sixth-level shielding barrel, etc. The shielding barrels and the cold plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. In this solution, the temperature zone formed after the normal-temperature shielding barrel 22 is connected to the normal-temperature plate 21 is the normal-temperature zone, which is the outermost temperature zone of the entire dilution refrigerator 2; the first-level cold plate 23 and the first-level shielding barrel 24 are connected to form a first-level temperature zone, the normal-temperature zone is sleeved outside the first-level temperature zone, the first-level shielding barrel 24 does not contact the normal-temperature plate 21 and the normal-temperature shielding barrel 22, and the normal-temperature plate 21 and the first-level cold plate 23 are connected by a support column; the second-level cold plate 25 and the second-level shielding barrel 26 are connected to form a second-level temperature zone, the first-level temperature zone is sleeved outside the second-level temperature zone, the second-level shielding barrel 26 does not contact the first-level cold plate 23 and the first-level shielding barrel 24, and the first-level cold plate 23 and the second-level cold plate 25 are connected by a support column; the temperature zones are sleeved inward in turn as described above, which will not be elaborated. The temperature in the temperature zones formed on the dilution refrigerator 2 decreases gradually from the outside to the inside.

[0033] To ensure the operation and maintenance of the subsequent dilution refrigerator 2, the dilution refrigerator 2 is hoisted on the support frame 1, and the bottom surface of the dilution refrigerator 2 does not contact the ground; more specifically, the normal-temperature plate 21 of the dilution refrigerator 2 is arranged on the support frame 1. A maintenance door 221 is provided on the shielding barrel. Opening the maintenance door 221 can facilitate the operator to enter the dilution refrigerator 2 and facilitate the maintenance of the position that needs to be repaired. The maintenance door 221 does not interfere with the support frame 1 after being opened.

[0034] A rotating member is arranged on the surface of the normal-temperature plate 21 close to the normal-temperature shielding barrel 22, the rotating member is connected to the normal-temperature shielding barrel 22, and the rotating member makes the normal-temperature plate 21 and the normal-temperature shielding barrel 22 rotate relative to each other; specifically, the rotating member is set as a slewing bearing 44, the inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the normal-temperature plate 21, the outer ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the normal-temperature shielding barrel 22, and the normal-temperature shielding barrel 22 rotates around the inner ring on the slewing bearing 44 following the outer ring. The normal-temperature shielding barrel 22 can be manually pushed to rotate, or a driving mechanism 4 can be set to drive the rotation. To better achieve automation and reduce manual operation, a driving mechanism 4 is set in this solution to drive the normal-temperature shielding barrel 22 to rotate.

[0035] The driving mechanism 4 includes a driven wheel 43 provided on the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, a driving wheel 42 meshing with the driven wheel 43, and a driving motor 41 for driving the driving wheel 42 to rotate. The driving motor 41 is provided on the support frame 1. A motor support is provided on the support frame 1, and the driving motor 41 is provided on the motor support. The driving wheel 42 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 41, and the driven wheel 43 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the top of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22. Operate the driving motor 41 to start. The driving motor 41 drives the driving wheel 42 to rotate. The driving wheel 42 drives the driven wheel 43 to rotate. The normal temperature shielding barrel 22 rotates on the slewing bearing 44 following the driven wheel 43. As the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 rotates, all the maintenance doors 221 are driven to rotate to the maintenance position. At this time, the driving motor 41 is turned off, and the shielding barrel stops rotating, and the operator enters for maintenance.

[0036] When the dilution refrigerator 2 is working normally, the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 needs to ensure good vacuum sealing. There should be no gap between the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and the normal temperature plate 21. When the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 needs to rotate, friction will be generated between the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and the normal temperature plate 21, affecting subsequent use. For the sealing and separation of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and the normal temperature plate 21, a pressing mechanism 5 is provided on the support frame 1. The pressing mechanism 5 drives the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to move up and down. The pressing mechanism 5 drives the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to move upward until the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 contacts the cold plate; the pressing mechanism 5 drives the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 to move downward until the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 is separated from the cold plate.

[0037] The pressing mechanism 5 includes a pressing rod 52 and a pressing cylinder 51 connected to the pressing rod 52. A cylinder support is provided on the support frame 1, and the pressing cylinder 51 is provided on the cylinder support to ensure balance; one end of the pressing rod 52 is connected to the pressing cylinder 51, and the other end contacts the normal temperature shielding barrel 22. A fixed fulcrum is provided on the support frame 1, and the pressing rod 52 is connected to the fixed fulcrum, and the pressing rod 52 can swing around the fixed fulcrum.

[0038] To further ensure the good vacuum seal of the room-temperature shielding barrel 22, there should be no gap between the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 and the room-temperature plate 21. Therefore, a sealing ring 222 is provided on the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 to ensure good sealing performance. To better ensure the sealing effect, two circles of the sealing ring 222 are provided. However, setting the sealing ring 222 will increase the friction force and affect the rotation, and the long-term friction will wear the sealing ring 222, which has a very large impact on the sealing effect. When the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 rotates, the room-temperature plate 21 must be fixed. Therefore, when rotation is required, the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 cannot be in contact with the room-temperature plate 21. But only when the dilution refrigerator 2 breaks down will the dilution refrigerator 2 be shut down for maintenance. Thus, when the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 rotates, the sealing problem of the dilution refrigerator 2 can be ignored. At this time, to ensure the rotation of the room-temperature shielding barrel 22, the sealing ring 222 is not in contact with the room-temperature plate 21.

[0039] To better control whether the sealing ring 222 is in contact with the room-temperature plate 21, the inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the room-temperature plate 21 through a connecting member 441, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 to ensure that the outer ring can drive the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 to rotate. The connecting member 441 locks the slewing bearing 44 on the room-temperature plate 21. However, there is a gap between the inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 and the connecting member 441 to ensure that the inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 can move up and down along the connecting member 441, so as to ensure that the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 can be completely separated from the room-temperature plate 21 or form a seal with the room-temperature plate 21. In this solution, the connecting member 441 is set as a guide bolt.

[0040] To ensure a greater pressing force on the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 and a better sealing effect, the pressing rod 52 is set as a T-shaped rod. The T-shaped rod includes a connecting rod and a pressing rod that is angularly connected to the connecting rod. The connecting rod is connected to the pressing cylinder 51, and the pressing rod is used to press the room-temperature shielding barrel 22. To prevent wear on the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 and to increase the contact area between the pressing rod and the room-temperature shielding barrel 22, the contact part between the pressing rod and the room-temperature shielding barrel 22 is chamfered, which can make the pressing force more uniform and the seal more uniform.

[0041] When the dilution refrigerator 2 is operating normally, the pressing cylinder 51 extends towards the side close to the normal temperature shielding barrel 22. One end of the pressing rod 52 connected to the pressing cylinder 51 moves towards the side close to the normal temperature shielding barrel 22. Since the pressing rod 52 is connected to a fixed fulcrum, when the pressing cylinder 51 drives the pressing rod 52 to move, it will drive the pressing rod 52 to swing on the fixed fulcrum, causing the other end to abut against the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and move towards the side close to the normal temperature plate 21 until the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 contacts the normal temperature plate 21, squeezing the sealing ring 222 to achieve complete sealing. When the dilution refrigerator 2 needs to be repaired, operate the pressing cylinder 51 to retract towards the side close to the normal temperature plate 21. One end of the pressing rod 52 connected to the pressing cylinder 51 moves towards the side close to the normal temperature plate 21, and the other end of the pressing rod 52 moves towards the end far from the normal temperature plate 21. Due to the self-weight of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 will move towards the side far from the normal temperature plate 21 until the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 separates from the normal temperature plate 21, and the sealing ring 222 is no longer squeezed until it no longer contacts the normal temperature plate 21.

[0042] The number of the pressing mechanisms 5 can be set as required, as long as the pressing of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 is ensured. In this solution, four pressing mechanisms 5 are provided, and the four pressing mechanisms 5 are evenly arranged on the support frame 1 around the periphery of the dilution refrigerator 2.

[0043] Except for the outermost normal temperature shielding barrel 22, the other shielding barrels do not require airtightness. Therefore, for the rotation of the other shielding barrels except the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, only rotating parts can be provided, and the sealing ring 222 and the pressing mechanism 5 are no longer provided. Of course, the sealing ring 222 and the pressing mechanism 5 can also be provided. Whether to provide them is selected according to needs, but they are all within the protection scope of this solution. A slewing bearing 44 is arranged on the surface of the first-stage cold plate 23 close to the first-stage shielding barrel 24. The inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the first-stage cold plate 23, and the outer ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the first-stage shielding barrel 24. The first-stage shielding barrel 24 can rotate following the outer ring of the slewing bearing 44. A slewing bearing 44 is arranged on the surface of the second-stage cold plate 25 close to the second-stage shielding barrel 26. The inner ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the second-stage cold plate 25, and the outer ring of the slewing bearing 44 is connected to the second-stage shielding barrel 26. The second-stage shielding barrel 26 can rotate following the outer ring of the slewing bearing 44. The connection methods of the slewing bearings 44 arranged on other-level cold plates are as described above and will not be elaborated.

[0044] Currently, for the maintenance of the dilution refrigerator 2, the shielding barrel is removed, but the operation is cumbersome. Moreover, for a large-scale dilution refrigerator 2, the shielding barrel is quite large and heavy, and it is very difficult to disassemble and assemble frequently, with extremely low efficiency. Therefore, some operations involve opening multiple maintenance doors 221 on the shielding barrel, but increasing the number of maintenance doors 221 will result in poor sealing performance. In this solution, a slewing bearing 44 is provided to enable the shielding barrel to rotate. Therefore, only one maintenance door 221 needs to be provided on each shielding barrel, which can ensure the sealing to the greatest extent. By providing a slewing bearing 44 and one maintenance door 221 on each shielding barrel, it is ensured that the shielding barrel does not need to be removed again. The maintenance door 221 of the shielding barrel can be directly rotated to the position that needs to be maintained, and the maintenance door 221 is directly opened, allowing the operator to enter the corresponding position for maintenance, which is convenient, fast, time-saving, labor-saving, and ensures sealing at the same time.

[0045] Since only one driving mechanism 4 is provided on the support frame 1, and to ensure that all the maintenance doors 221 have the same opening for the operator to enter for maintenance, in order to ensure the rotation of all the shielding barrels and at the same time ensure that all the maintenance doors 221 face the same direction, a synchronizing member 6 is provided on the threshold of the maintenance door 221, and all the shielding barrels are connected to the synchronizing member 6. When the normal-temperature shielding barrel 22 rotates, due to the connection of the synchronizing member 6, it will drive all the shielding barrels to rotate synchronously, and at the same time ensure that all the maintenance doors 221 have the same opening. In this solution, a connecting plate is provided on each shielding barrel, and the synchronizing member 6 is provided as a connecting rod connected to all the connecting plates. Connecting bolts are provided at both ends of the connecting rod to connect the connecting rod and the connecting plate; the synchronizing member 6 can also be provided as silicone rubber, and the silicone rubber is connected to all the shielding barrels. At this time, the synchronizing member can be non-detachable to ensure the sealing of the shielding barrel; of course, the synchronizing member 6 can be provided as any structure that can connect all the shielding barrels, and no specific requirements are made. The rotation speed of the shielding barrel is relatively slow, and the maintenance door 221 will not swing at a large angle during the rotation. Of course, if you want to avoid the swing of the maintenance door 221, a fixing mechanism can be provided. The maximum opening angle of the maintenance door 221 is 90°, which can better observe the internal situation of the dilution refrigerator 2 and is also convenient for maintenance personnel to enter for maintenance.

[0046] A maintenance method for a dilution refrigerator, which is carried out for the dilution refrigerator 2 and includes the steps:

[0047] S1, judging the maintenance position of the dilution refrigerator according to the measurement result;

[0048] S2, driving the pressing mechanism to retract, and the shielding barrel slides down until the sealing ring is separated from the cold plate;

[0049] S3, opening all the maintenance doors step by step from the outside to the inside and making all the maintenance doors face the same direction;

[0050] S4, set up a synchronizing member to connect all the shielding barrels;

[0051] S5, start the driving mechanism, and the shielding barrels rotate;

[0052] S6, rotate the maintenance door to the maintenance position, stop the driving mechanism, and the operator enters for maintenance;

[0053] S7, after the maintenance is completed, remove the synchronizing member;

[0054] S8, close the maintenance door step by step from the inside out;

[0055] S9, drive the pressing mechanism to extend, and the shielding barrel moves upward until the sealing ring contacts the cold plate, and the dilution refrigerator works normally.

[0056] The specific maintenance process of the dilution refrigerator 2 is as follows:

[0057] Judge the maintenance position according to the measurement abnormal result. After determining the maintenance position, operate the pressing cylinder 51 to retract towards the side close to the normal temperature plate 21, so that the other end of the pressing rod 52 releases the extrusion of the normal temperature shielding barrel 22. The normal temperature shielding barrel 22 slides down under gravity until the sealing ring 222 provided on the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 is completely out of contact with the normal temperature plate 21. Then open all the maintenance doors 221 from the outside to the inside and operate all the maintenance doors 221 to have the same opening direction. Place the synchronizing member 6 on the shielding barrel, and all the shielding barrels are connected to the synchronizing member 6 so that all the shielding barrels rotate synchronously. Then start the driving motor 41 to make all the shielding barrels rotate synchronously until the maintenance door 221 rotates to the position to be maintained. The driving motor 41 stops running and the shielding barrel stops rotating. The maintenance personnel enter for maintenance. If it is necessary to change the maintenance position, start the driving motor 41 again to run, rotate to the position to be maintained and stop and maintain again. After the maintenance is completed, remove the synchronizing member 6, close the maintenance doors 221 in turn from the inside out, operate the pressing cylinder 51 to extend towards the side away from the normal temperature plate 21, so that the other end of the pressing rod 52 contacts the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 and gradually squeezes the normal temperature shielding barrel 22, so that the normal temperature shielding barrel 22 moves upward until the sealing ring 222 contacts the normal temperature plate 21 and the sealing ring 222 is squeezed to form a seal, and the dilution refrigerator 2 can start to work normally.

[0058] A quantum computer includes any one of the dilution refrigerators 2 described above.

[0059] The present invention solves the defects in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0060] A rotating member is provided on the cold plate, and the shielding barrel is provided on the rotating member. Through the driving mechanism 4, the shielding barrel rotates on the rotating member. A maintenance door 221 is opened on the shielding barrel. When the shielding barrel rotates, the maintenance door 221 can be rotated to the position that needs to be maintained, so that it is no longer necessary to disassemble the shielding barrels one by one, which saves time and effort. At the same time, only one maintenance door 221 is provided, which can also maintain any position inside the dilution refrigerator 2, is convenient to operate, and can also ensure the sealing effect inside the dilution refrigerator 2; only one driving mechanism 4 is provided, which reduces the number of equipment settings. At the same time, a synchronizing member 6 is provided to ensure that all shielding barrels rotate synchronously; a pressing mechanism 5 is provided to ensure the sealing of the shielding barrel and also ensure the rotation of the shielding barrel.

[0061] Based on the ideal embodiments of the present invention as inspiration, through the above description, relevant personnel can completely make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

[0062] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] In addition, it should be noted that, in the above specific embodiments, the various specific technical features described can be combined in any suitable way without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not separately describe various possible combination methods.

[0064] In addition, any combination can be made between various different embodiments of the present invention, as long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention, and it should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A dilution refrigerator, characterized in that: The dilution refrigerator (2) is hoisted on a support frame (1); the dilution refrigerator (2) comprises N cold plates and shielding barrels connected to the cold plates in a one-to-one correspondence, N≥2; after the cold plates are connected to the shielding barrels, temperature zones are formed inside them, the nth temperature zone is arranged outside the n+1th temperature zone, 1≤n≤N-1, and two adjacent cold plates are connected; a rotating part is arranged between the cold plates and the shielding barrels to enable the cold plates and the shielding barrels to rotate relative to each other; a maintenance door (221) is arranged on all the shielding barrels, and the shielding barrels rotate to drive the maintenance door (221) to a maintenance position.

2. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating member is connected to the cold plate via a connecting member (441), and the rotating member can move up and down along the connecting member (441); a clamping mechanism (5) is provided on the support frame (1), and the clamping mechanism (5) drives the rotating member to drive the shielding barrel to move upward until the shielding barrel contacts the cold plate; the clamping mechanism (5) drives the rotating member to drive the shielding barrel to move downward until the shielding barrel is separated from the cold plate.

3. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing ring (222) is arranged on the outermost shielding barrel, and when the shielding barrel contacts the cold plate, the sealing ring (222) realizes sealing.

4. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing ring (222) is provided with two rings.

5. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A synchronization member (6) is provided on the shielding barrel, the synchronization member (6) connects all the shielding barrels, and the opening directions of all maintenance doors (221) are consistent.

6. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: A driving mechanism (4) for driving the cold plate and the shielding barrel to rotate relative to each other is arranged on the support frame (1).

7. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) comprises a driven wheel (43) arranged on the shield barrel, a driving wheel (42) meshing with the driven wheel (43), and a driving motor (41) driving the driving wheel (42) to rotate.

8. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (5) comprises a clamping cylinder (51) arranged on a support frame (1), a clamping rod (52) arranged on the clamping cylinder (51), and a fixed fulcrum connected to the clamping rod (52), and the clamping rod (52) can swing on the fixed fulcrum; one end of the clamping rod (52) is connected to the clamping cylinder (51), and the other end is in contact with the shielding barrel; the clamping cylinder (51) drives the clamping rod (52) to swing around the fixed fulcrum, thereby driving the shielding barrel to move up and down.

9. The dilution refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating member is configured as a slewing bearing (44), the inner ring of the slewing bearing (44) is connected to the cold plate via a connecting member (441), and the outer ring of the slewing bearing (44) is connected to the shielding barrel.

10. A quantum computer, characterized in that: It comprises a dilution refrigerator (2) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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