Battery cell structure, battery and vehicle
By setting up a partition in the battery cell structure and installing multiple temperature sensors inside it, the problem of inaccurate temperature acquisition caused by insufficient number of NTC sensors is solved, and the accurate characterization of the battery cell temperature status and the improvement of the battery cell safety is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422098191.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-28
AI Technical Summary
When the existing battery cell structure collects temperature signals, the number of NTC sensors is insufficient, resulting in inaccurate temperature collection, and the risk of battery cell being used beyond the main body capacity, and may even cause dangerous situations such as heat loss.
A partition is provided in the battery cell structure, with multiple temperature sensors inside the partition, and heat transfer to the sensor through the partition, detecting the reaction temperature inside the battery cell in real time to ensure the accuracy of the data collected.
By setting a temperature sensor inside the battery cell and using the partition for heat transfer, the temperature status of the battery cell can be accurately characterized, the risk of the battery cell being used beyond the main body capacity, and avoid dangerous situations such as thermal runaway.
Smart Images
Figure CN223006828U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery manufacturing, and particularly relates to a battery cell structure, a battery and a vehicle. Background Art
[0002] As the power source of new energy vehicles, batteries are widely used in the new energy vehicle industry. With the popularization of electric vehicles, the safety performance of batteries has gradually attracted social attention. As the main component of a battery, a battery cell may induce thermal runaway under harsh conditions such as internal short circuit, overcharge and overheat. Therefore, the temperature state of the battery cell must be monitored in real time.
[0003] In the prior art, the temperature of a battery cell is generally collected by an NTC during the use of the battery cell. However, in order to meet the power demand of a whole vehicle, the number of battery cells in a battery pack is relatively large, but the number of NTCs is relatively small. That is to say, the temperature signal collected by one NTC will represent the common temperature of several battery cells in this area. At the same time, due to the limited structure in the battery pack, the NTC is usually arranged on the top of the battery cell or on the aluminum bus bar. There will be a certain difference between the temperature collected in this way and the temperature of the battery cell body, which may lead to the risk that the battery cell is used beyond its own capacity, and further cause damage to the battery cell or even dangerous situations such as thermal runaway. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell structure, a battery and a vehicle, which can ensure the accuracy of the collected data and accurately represent the temperature state of the battery cell.
[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a battery cell structure is provided, including: a housing having an accommodation space; two electrode cores arranged at intervals in the accommodation space along a first direction; a separator disposed between the two electrode cores, and at least one temperature sensor is provided inside the separator; wherein, a wire harness hole communicating the accommodation space and the outside of the housing is opened on one side of the housing corresponding to the separator, and the separator is provided with a connection part corresponding to the wire harness hole; the connection part is hermetically connected to the wire harness hole, and the transmission wire harness of the temperature sensor extends out of the connection part to the wire harness hole.
[0006] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the separator includes a first separator and a second separator arranged oppositely, and a receiving groove for installing the temperature sensor and a first wire groove for installing the transmission wire harness are provided on the relative inner side surfaces of the first separator and / or the second separator. The first end of the first wire groove communicates with the receiving groove, and the second end communicates with the outer end surface of the connection part; the first separator and the second separator are oppositely closed and fixedly connected to form a separator, and the receiving groove and the first wire groove are sealed circumferentially.
[0007] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, when a plurality of temperature sensors are provided inside the partition plate, a plurality of accommodating grooves are correspondingly provided on the relative inner side surfaces of the first partition plate and / or the second partition plate, and a plurality of second wire grooves are further provided on the relative inner side surfaces of the first partition plate and / or the second partition plate. The plurality of accommodating grooves communicate with each other through the second wire grooves; the first end of the first wire groove communicates with one of the accommodating grooves or one of the second wire grooves.
[0008] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a heat-conducting adhesive is filled in the accommodating groove, and the heat-conducting adhesive coats the temperature sensor.
[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a heat-insulating layer covers the circumference of the transmission wire harness.
[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the housing includes a cover plate and an outer shell. The wire harness hole is defined in the cover plate, the accommodating space is defined in the outer shell, an opening communicating with the accommodating space is provided in the upper part of the outer shell, and the cover plate is detachably covered on the opening to open or close the accommodating space.
[0011] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the projection size of the partition plate in the first direction is equal to the projection size of the electrode core in the first direction.
[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the temperature sensor is an NTC thermistor.
[0013] The second aspect of the present application discloses a battery, including a controller and at least one of the above-mentioned battery cell structures, and the controller is connected to one end of the transmission wire harness extending out of the wire harness hole.
[0014] The third aspect of the present application discloses a vehicle, including the above-mentioned battery.
[0015] By arranging temperature sensors inside the battery cell and coating the temperature sensors with a partition plate, and using the partition plate to transfer heat to the temperature sensors to detect the reaction temperature inside the battery cell in real time, the present application can ensure the accuracy of the collected data, accurately characterize the temperature state of the battery cell, and further reduce the risk of the battery cell being used beyond its own capacity.
[0016] The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following specifically illustrates the embodiments of the present application. Description of the Drawings
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.
[0018] Figure 1 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the battery cell structure described in the embodiments of the present application;
[0019] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in;
[0020] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 A cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in;
[0021] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 A cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in;
[0022] Figure 5 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the first separator described in the embodiments of the present application;
[0023] Figure 6 Shows a cross-sectional view of the wire harness described in the embodiments of the present application.
[0024] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:
[0025] 1 - housing, 11 - accommodation space, 12 - wire harness hole, 13 - cover plate, 14 - outer shell, 141 - opening,
[0026] 2 - electrode core, 21 - tab,
[0027] 3 - separator, 31 - connecting part, 32 - first separator, 33 - second separator, 34 - accommodating groove, 35 - first wire groove, 36 - second wire groove,
[0028] 4 - temperature sensor, 41 - wire harness, 411 - heat insulation layer, 5 - thermal conductive adhesive.
[0029] The realization of the purpose of the present application, functional features and advantages will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. Detailed implementation manners
[0030] Now, the exemplary embodiments will be described more comprehensively with reference to the drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; on the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present application will be more comprehensive and complete, and the concept of the exemplary embodiments will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.
[0031] In addition, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will realize that the technical solutions of the present application may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. may be adopted. In other cases, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present application.
[0032] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted here that the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
[0033] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, this embodiment provides a cell structure, including a housing 1, a cell core 2, and a separator 3. The housing 1 has a receiving space 11. There are two cell cores 2, and the two cell cores 2 are arranged at intervals in the receiving space 11 along the first direction S1. The separator 3 can be made of the same material as the housing 1, such as aluminum, nickel, or aluminum-nickel alloy, etc., which can resist the erosion of the electrolyte in the cell and does not affect the chemical reaction inside the cell. The separator 3 is arranged between the two cell cores 2, and at least one temperature sensor 4 is provided inside the separator 3. Wherein, a wire harness hole 12 communicating the receiving space 11 and the outside of the housing 1 is opened on one side of the housing 1 corresponding to the separator 3. The separator 3 is provided with a connecting portion 31 corresponding to the wire harness hole 12, and the connecting portion 31 is hermetically connected to the wire harness hole 12. The connection methods include, but are not limited to, inserting the connecting portion 31 into the wire harness hole 12 and sealing it, or welding the connecting portion 31 to the housing 1 circumferentially around the wire harness hole 12, etc. At the same time, the transmission wire harness 41 of the temperature sensor 4 extends out of the separator 3 from the connecting portion 31 into the wire harness hole 12 or extends out of the wire harness hole 12 for external connection to a data acquisition device to transmit the signal collected by the temperature sensor 4. In this way, by covering the temperature sensor 4 with the separator 3, it is possible to avoid the reaction between the temperature sensor 4 and the electrolyte in the cell, and use the separator 3 to perform heat transfer on the temperature sensor 4 to detect the reaction temperature inside the cell in real time, so as to ensure the accuracy of the collected data, accurately characterize the temperature state of the cell, and further reduce the risk of the cell being used beyond its own capacity.
[0034] For example, as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the battery cell structure in this embodiment is a square battery cell structure, which is adapted to a square housing 1 and a pole core 2 of a corresponding shape. The housing 1 includes a cover plate 13 and an outer shell 14. An accommodation space 11 is defined in the outer shell 14. An opening 141 communicating with the accommodation space 11 is formed in the upper part of the outer shell 14. The cover plate 13 is detachably covered on the opening 141 to open or close the accommodation space 11, so that the pole core 2 and the separator 3 are installed into the accommodation space 11 from the opening 141. The upper part of the pole core 2 is connected to the cover plate 13 through a pole ear 21. The separator 3 can be cast into a corresponding square shape, and at least one temperature sensor 4 is coated inside the separator 3 during the casting process. The free end of the transmission wire harness 41 is slightly longer than the connecting part 31 of the separator 3, so that the transmission wire harness 41 can extend out from the connecting part 31 after the separator 3 is cast. A wire harness hole 12 is defined in the cover plate 13, preferably at the middle position of the cover plate 13 in the first direction S1. The connecting part 31 is welded to the cover plate 13 corresponding to the wire harness hole 12, so as to seal the lower end face of the wire harness hole 12. The transmission wire harness 41 is located in the wire harness hole 12 or extends out of the wire harness hole 12, and can be externally connected to a data acquisition device to transmit the signal collected by the temperature sensor 4.
[0035] It can be understood that the thickness of the separator 3 in this embodiment is about 2-4 mm after forming. The temperature sensor 4 can adopt an NTC thermistor, and the conventional thickness including the transmission wire harness 41 usually does not exceed 0.5 mm, which can realize the installation of the temperature sensor 4 and its transmission wire harness 41 inside the separator 3.
[0036] It can also be understood that one of the two pole cores 2 is a positive pole core 2, and the other is a negative pole core 2. A battery separator (not shown in the figure) is provided between the two pole cores 2. The separator 3 is arranged between the two pole cores 2 and on one side of the battery separator, preferably on the side of the battery separator close to the negative pole core 2. It is only welded to the cover plate 13 through the connecting part 31, and other parts do not directly contact other structural parts in the battery cell, further ensuring the accuracy of the collected data.
[0037] In some embodiments, such as Figures 3 to 5As shown, the partition plate 3 can also be a first isolation plate 32 and a second isolation plate 33 which are oppositely arranged. A receiving groove 34 for installing the temperature sensor 4 and a first wire groove 35 for installing the transmission wire harness 41 are provided on the relative inner side surfaces of the first isolation plate 32 and / or the second isolation plate 33. The first end of the first wire groove 35 communicates with the receiving groove 34, and the second end communicates with the outer end surface of the connecting portion 31. During installation, the first isolation plate 32 and the second isolation plate 33 are separated relatively, then the temperature sensor 4 is correspondingly placed in the receiving groove 34, the transmission wire harness 41 is correspondingly placed in the first wire groove 35, and then the first isolation plate 32 and the second isolation plate 33 are closed relatively, and the first isolation plate 32 and the second isolation plate 33 can be fixedly connected by welding to form the partition plate 3, and the receiving groove 34 and the first wire groove 35 are sealed circumferentially, and only the second end of the first wire groove 35 communicates with the outer end surface of the connecting portion 31, so that the free end of the transmission wire harness 41 can extend out of the partition plate 3 from the connecting portion 31. In this way, it is safer, faster and more convenient than directly casting the temperature sensor 4 inside the partition plate 3.
[0038] It can be understood that the above-mentioned receiving groove 34 can be only opened in the first isolation plate 32. At this time, the second isolation plate 33 can be used as a side plate for covering and sealing the receiving groove 34 when closing. It can also be only opened in the second isolation plate 33. At this time, the first isolation plate 32 can be used as a side plate for covering and sealing the receiving groove 34 when closing. It can also be that corresponding partial receiving grooves 34 are respectively opened on the relative inner sides of the first isolation plate 32 and the second isolation plate 33, and the corresponding partial receiving grooves 34 are correspondingly closed and sealed to form a complete receiving groove 34 when the first isolation plate 32 and the second isolation plate 33 are closed relatively. Similarly, the opening methods of the above-mentioned first wire groove 35 and the second wire groove 36 described below are the same as those of the above-mentioned receiving groove 34, and will not be elaborated here.
[0039] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, when there are multiple temperature sensors 4 inside the partition plate 3, multiple receiving grooves 34 are correspondingly provided on the relative inner side surfaces of the first isolation plate 32 and / or the second isolation plate 33, and multiple second wire grooves 36 are also provided on the relative inner side surfaces of the first isolation plate 32 and / or the second isolation plate 33. The multiple receiving grooves 34 are communicated with each other through the second wire grooves 36. The first end of the first wire groove 35 communicates with one of the receiving grooves 34 or one of the second wire grooves 36. In this way, the transmission wire harnesses 41 of the temperature sensors 4 located in each receiving groove 34 can be concentrated in the first wire groove 35 and are uniformly externally connected to the data acquisition device through the wire holes 12 to transmit the signals collected by each temperature sensor 4. In this way, the number of grooves opened inside the partition plate 3 can be reduced, and the structural strength and heat conduction efficiency of the partition plate 3 can be improved.
[0040] It can be understood that when multiple temperature sensors 4 are arranged inside the partition plate 3, the represented temperature value can be the average value of the collected values of the multiple temperature sensors 4. As Figure 2 shown, there are 3 temperature sensors arranged inside the partition plate 3. The temperature values collected by the 3 temperature sensors are T1, T2, and T3 respectively. The actual temperature value of the battery cell, i.e., the represented temperature value T = avg(T1 + T2 + T3), makes the state representation of temperature detection more reasonable.
[0041] Preferably, the multiple temperature sensors 4 are evenly distributed on the projection plane along the first direction S1 inside the partition plate 3. The specific arrangement positions and quantities can be adjusted according to requirements to improve the accuracy of temperature detection.
[0042] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, heat-conducting glue 5 can also be filled in the accommodation groove 34. The heat-conducting glue 5 can be heat-conducting gel or heat-conducting silicone grease, etc. By covering the temperature sensor 4 with the heat-conducting glue 5, heat can be evenly, completely, and effectively transferred to the temperature sensor 4, improving the accuracy of temperature detection.
[0043] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, heat-insulating material can also be coated on the circumferential direction of the transmission wire bundle 41, so that a heat-insulating layer 411 covers the surface of the transmission wire bundle 41, improving the high-temperature resistance of the transmission wire bundle 41.
[0044] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the projection size of the partition plate 3 in the first direction S1 is equal to the projection size of the electrode core 2 in the first direction S1, so as to increase the heat-conducting area of the partition plate 3 and further improve the accuracy of temperature detection. It can be understood that since the partition plate 3 is only welded to the cover plate 13 through the connecting portion 31 and does not directly contact other structural components inside the battery cell, that is, there is an electrolyte circulation gap in the circumferential direction of the partition plate 3. Therefore, setting the size of the partition plate 3 equal to the size of the electrode core 2 will not affect the chemical reaction inside the battery cell.
[0045] The second aspect of this application discloses a battery, which includes a controller (not shown in the figure) and at least one of the above-mentioned battery cell structures. The controller is connected to one end of the transmission wire bundle 41 extending out of the wire bundle hole 12. Through the controller, the represented temperature value can be calculated and obtained according to the detected collected value, and the represented temperature value is compared with the set threshold to determine whether the battery cell structure has a thermal runaway. For other structures and working principles of the battery cell structure, please refer to the above description of the embodiments of the battery cell structure. Since the battery cell structure has the above technical effects, the vehicle with this battery cell structure should also have corresponding technical effects, which will not be elaborated here.
[0046] A third aspect of the present application discloses a vehicle, including the above-mentioned battery. For other structures and working principles of the battery, please refer to the above description of the embodiments of the battery cell structure. Since the battery has the above technical effects, the vehicle having this battery should also have corresponding technical effects, which will not be elaborated here.
[0047] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "assembly" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0048] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. The meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly specifically defined. And the descriptions of terms such as "some embodiments" and "exemplarily" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application.
[0049] The schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0050] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application. Therefore, any changes or modifications made in accordance with the claims and the specification of the present application shall fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present application.
Claims
1. A battery cell structure, characterized in that: include: A housing having a housing space; A pole core, wherein two pole cores are provided, and the two pole cores are spaced apart and arranged in the accommodating space along a first direction; A partition, the partition is arranged between the two pole cores, and at least one temperature sensor is arranged inside the partition; Wherein, a wiring harness hole connecting the accommodating space and the outside of the shell is opened on one side of the shell corresponding to the partition, and the partition is provided with a connecting part corresponding to the wiring harness hole; the connecting part is sealed and connected to the wiring harness hole, and the conductive wiring harness of the temperature sensor extends from the connecting part to the wiring harness hole.
2. The battery cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition includes a first isolation plate and a second isolation plate arranged opposite to each other, and the relative inner sides of the first isolation plate and / or the second isolation plate are provided with a retaining groove for installing the temperature sensor and a first wire groove for installing the conductive wiring harness, the first end of the first wire groove is connected to the retaining groove, and the second end is connected to the outer end surface of the connecting part; the first isolation plate and the second isolation plate are relatively closed and fixedly connected to form the partition, and the retaining groove and the first wire groove are circumferentially sealed.
3. The battery cell structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: When a plurality of temperature sensors are provided inside the partition, a plurality of the retaining grooves are correspondingly provided on the relative inner sides of the first isolation plate and / or the second isolation plate, and a plurality of second wire grooves are also provided on the relative inner sides of the first isolation plate and / or the second isolation plate, and the plurality of the retaining grooves are interconnected through the second wire grooves; the first end of the first wire groove is connected to one of the retaining grooves or one of the second wire grooves.
4. The battery core structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The containing groove is filled with heat-conducting glue, and the heat-conducting glue is coated on the temperature sensor.
5. The battery cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumference of the conductive wire bundle is covered with a heat insulation layer.
6. The battery cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes a cover plate and an outer shell, the harness hole is defined in the cover plate, the accommodating space is defined in the outer shell, an opening connected to the accommodating space is provided on the upper portion of the outer shell, and the cover plate is detachably covered on the opening to open or close the accommodating space.
7. The battery cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection size of the partition in the first direction is equal to the projection size of the pole core in the first direction.
8. The battery cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor is an NTC thermistor.
9. A battery, characterized in that: It comprises a controller and at least one battery core structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the controller is connected to one end of the conductive wire harness extending out of the wire harness hole.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the battery as claimed in claim 9.