Solar cell, cell string, cell assembly and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The utility model is suitable for the technical field of solar cells, and provides a solar cell, a cell string, a cell module and a photovoltaic system. The solar cell comprises a silicon substrate, a first passivation layer and a super-lens layer, the first passivation layer is arranged on the light receiving surface of the silicon substrate, the super-lens layer is arranged on the side, away from the silicon substrate, of the first passivation layer, at least one nanometer pattern structure is formed on the super-lens layer, and the nanometer pattern structure is configured to reflect light of the corresponding color. Therefore, the superlens layer on the light receiving surface of the silicon substrate can adjust the phase and the amplitude of light through the formed nano pattern structure, so that light with different colors can be reflected. And various different color and pattern effects can be realized by designing and arranging the nano pattern structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly relates to a solar cell, a battery string, a battery module, and a photovoltaic system. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the increasing widespread recognition of the concept of building-integrated photovoltaics in the photovoltaic field, for photovoltaic products used as building materials, people hope to choose their favorite colors to decorate their buildings and show the individuality of the buildings. This requires that photovoltaic modules have various colors to meet the aesthetic requirements. Traditional photovoltaic modules are usually made of monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon solar cells, which can effectively convert solar energy into electrical energy. However, these photovoltaic modules usually present a single color, lack attraction, and cannot achieve rich color and pattern effects. Although current technical solutions can provide colored photovoltaic modules through colored coatings or color filters, such technical solutions often have many disadvantages. First, the colored coatings or color filters will absorb a part of sunlight, reducing the sunlight that the solar cells can receive. Second, these technical solutions can often only achieve limited color and pattern effects and cannot meet people's diverse aesthetic needs for photovoltaic modules. Finally, in order to improve the aesthetics of photovoltaic modules, existing technical solutions often sacrifice their reliability and weather resistance, which is not conducive to the long-term stable operation of photovoltaic modules in outdoor environments. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] An embodiment of this application provides a solar cell, aiming to solve the problems that when photovoltaic products are applied to buildings, the color and pattern are single, adding colored coatings or color filters will reduce the light reception of the solar cells, and sacrificing their reliability and weather resistance while improving the aesthetics of photovoltaic modules.

[0004] An embodiment of this application is implemented as follows. This application provides a solar cell, which includes a silicon substrate, a first passivation layer, and a superlens layer. The silicon substrate includes a light-receiving surface and a backlight surface opposite to each other. The first passivation layer is disposed on the light-receiving surface of the silicon substrate. The superlens layer is disposed on a side of the first passivation layer away from the silicon substrate. The superlens layer is formed with at least one nano-graphic structure, and the size of the nano-graphic structure is 200 nm - 500 nm. The nano-graphic structure is configured to reflect light of a corresponding color.

[0005] Furthermore, the superlens layer is prepared by a semiconductor material or a metal material.

[0006] Furthermore, the depth of the nano-graphic structure is 200 nm - 300 nm.

[0007] Further, the thickness of the superlens layer is 2 um - 5 um.

[0008] Further, the superlens layer includes:

[0009] a first nano - graphic structure configured to reflect a first color; and / or

[0010] a second nano - graphic structure configured to reflect a second color; and / or

[0011] a third nano - graphic structure configured to reflect a third color, wherein the first color, the second color, and the third color are primary colors.

[0012] Further, the superlens layer further includes a first region, a second region, and a third region. The first region is configured to arrange the first nano - graphic structure, the second region is configured to arrange the second nano - graphic structure, and the third region is configured to arrange the third nano - graphic structure.

[0013] Further, the superlens layer further includes a fourth region, a fifth region, a sixth region, and a seventh region. The fourth region is configured to arrange the first nano - graphic structure and the second nano - graphic structure, the fifth region is configured to arrange the first nano - graphic structure and the third nano - graphic structure, the sixth region is configured to arrange the second nano - graphic structure and the third nano - graphic structure, and the seventh region is configured to arrange the first nano - graphic structure, the second nano - graphic structure, and the third nano - graphic structure.

[0014] Further, the solar cell further includes a second passivation layer disposed on the backlight surface of the silicon substrate.

[0015] An embodiment of the present application further provides a battery string, characterized by including the solar cell according to any one of the above.

[0016] An embodiment of the present application further provides a battery module, and the battery module includes the battery string according to the above - mentioned embodiment.

[0017] An embodiment of the present application further provides a photovoltaic system, and the photovoltaic system includes the battery module according to the above - mentioned embodiment.

[0018] In the solar cell and photovoltaic system according to the embodiments of the present application, the solar cell includes a silicon substrate, a first passivation layer, and a superlens layer. The first passivation layer is disposed on the light-receiving surface of the silicon substrate, and the superlens layer is disposed on the side of the first passivation layer away from the silicon substrate. The superlens layer is formed with at least one nano-pattern structure, and the nano-pattern structure is configured to reflect light of a corresponding color. Thus, by disposing the first passivation layer and the superlens layer on the light-receiving surface of the silicon substrate and forming at least one nano-pattern structure on the superlens layer, the phase and amplitude of light can be adjusted to achieve the reflection of light of different colors. And by designing and arranging the nano-pattern structures, various different color and pattern effects can be achieved, and then a solar cell of a specific color can be obtained to meet the aesthetic requirements of different application scenarios. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the superlens layer of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the superlens layer of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic structure diagram of a battery string according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic structure diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic structure diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Description of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0027] 100, solar cell; 10, silicon substrate; 11, light-receiving surface; 12, backlight surface; 20, first passivation layer; 30, second passivation layer; 40, superlens layer; 41, first region; 42, second region; 43, third region; 44, fourth region; 45, fifth region; 46, sixth region; 47, seventh region; 48, nano-pattern structure; 481, first nano-pattern structure; 482, second nano-pattern structure; 483, third nano-pattern structure; 50, front encapsulant film; 60, back encapsulant film; 70, glass protection layer; 80, backsheet layer; 200, battery string; 300, battery module; 400, photovoltaic system. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear and understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0031] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a communication connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely means that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely means that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0033] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the present application may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use scenarios of other materials.

[0034] In the current technical solutions, colored photovoltaic modules are provided through colored coatings or color filters, but such technical solutions often have many disadvantages. First, the colored coatings or color filters will absorb a part of sunlight, reducing the light-receiving degree of the solar cells. Second, these technical solutions can often only achieve limited color and pattern effects and cannot meet people's diverse aesthetic needs for photovoltaic modules. Finally, in order to improve the aesthetics of photovoltaic modules, the existing technical solutions often sacrifice their reliability and weather resistance, which is not conducive to the long-term stable operation of photovoltaic modules in outdoor environments.

[0035] An embodiment of the present application provides a solar cell, which includes a silicon substrate, a first passivation layer, and a superlens layer. The first passivation layer is disposed on the light-receiving surface of the silicon substrate, and the superlens layer is disposed on the side of the first passivation layer away from the silicon substrate. The superlens layer is formed with at least one nano-pattern structure, and the nano-pattern structure is configured to reflect light of a corresponding color.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this embodiment provides a solar cell 100, which includes a silicon substrate 10, a first passivation layer 20, and a superlens layer 40. The first passivation layer 20 is disposed on the light-receiving surface 11 of the silicon substrate 10, and the superlens layer 40 is disposed on the side of the first passivation layer 20 away from the silicon substrate 10. The superlens layer 40 is formed with at least one nano-pattern structure 48, and the nano-pattern structure 48 is configured to reflect light of a corresponding color.

[0038] In the solar cell 100 according to the embodiment of the present application, the solar cell 100 includes a silicon substrate 10, a first passivation layer 20, and a metasurface lens layer 40. The first passivation layer 20 is disposed on the light-receiving surface 11 of the silicon substrate 10, and the metasurface lens layer 40 is disposed on a side of the first passivation layer 20 away from the silicon substrate 10. At least one nano-pattern structure 48 is formed on the metasurface lens layer 40, and the nano-pattern structure 48 is configured to reflect light of a corresponding color. Thus, by disposing the first passivation layer 20 and the metasurface lens layer 40 on the light-receiving surface 11 of the silicon substrate 10 and forming at least one nano-pattern structure 48 on the metasurface lens layer 40, the phase and amplitude of light can be adjusted to achieve the reflection of light of different colors. And by designing and arranging the nano-pattern structure 48, various different color and pattern effects can be achieved, and thus a solar cell 100 of a specific color can be obtained to meet the aesthetic requirements of different application scenarios.

[0039] In this embodiment, a first passivation layer 20 and a metasurface lens layer 40 are disposed on the light-receiving surface 11 of the silicon substrate 10, and an order of them in the thickness direction is: the metasurface lens layer 40, the first passivation layer 20, and the silicon substrate 10.

[0040] Specifically, the advantage of the metasurface lens layer 40 in the present application is that the metasurface lens is a lens formed based on the metasurface technology. Compared with the color coating or color filter in the prior art, the metasurface lens layer 40 has a thinner thickness, lighter weight, and higher light transmittance. Thus, the first passivation layer 20 is disposed on the light-receiving surface 11 of the silicon substrate 10, and the metasurface lens layer 40 is disposed on a side of the first passivation layer 20 away from the silicon substrate 10. Such a thin and light metasurface lens layer 40 can achieve the color and pattern effects of the solar cell 100 while avoiding adding too much weight to the solar cell 100.

[0041] Further, at least one nano-pattern structure 48 is formed on the metasurface lens layer 40, so that the metasurface lens layer 40 can adjust the phase and amplitude of light to achieve the reflection of light of a specific color, and thus a solar cell 100 of a specific color can be obtained to meet the aesthetic requirements of different application scenarios. At the same time, there can be multiple types of nano-pattern structures 48, so that the metasurface lens layer 40 can display richer colors and patterns through multiple nano-pattern structures 48.

[0042] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, the size of the nano-pattern structure 48 is 200 nm - 500 nm. For example, the size of the nano-pattern structure 48 can be 200 nm, 220 nm, 240 nm, 260 nm, 280 nm, 300 nm, 320 nm, 340 nm, 360 nm, 380 nm, 400 nm, 420 nm, 440 nm, 460 nm, 480 nm, 500 nm.

[0043] It can be understood that a nano - graphic structure 48 can be equivalent to a light - reflecting point that reflects light. The light - reflecting point can be analogous to the pixel points of an electronic screen. Since the size of the nano - graphic structure 48 is made very small, a very large number of light - reflecting points can be set on the super - lens layer 40, improving the resolution of the display of the super - lens layer 40. At the same time, by changing the size, shape, arrangement, and array mode of the nano - graphic structure 48, precise control of the light wave phase can be achieved. In this way, the demand for more color and pattern displays of the solar cell 100 can be met. Of course, nano - graphic structures 48 of different sizes can also be set according to actual situations to meet various requirements. In some embodiments, simulation software can be used to simulate and design the morphology, size, and arrangement mode of the nano - graphic structure 48 to prepare a super - lens layer 40 that can produce corresponding color and pattern effects.

[0044] Specifically, the super - lens layer 40 is constructed by nano - materials and technologies. The nano - elements (such as nano - columns, nano - pores, etc.) that construct the super - lens layer 40 are stacked or arranged in one or more layers.

[0045] Furthermore, the size of the nano - graphic structure 48 generally refers to the size in dimensions such as its length, width, and height. In the super - lens layer 40, the size of the nano - graphic structure 48 directly affects its ability to control light. For example, the diameter and height of nano - columns, the pore diameter of nano - pores, etc. will all affect the characteristics of light such as phase, polarization, and intensity. By adjusting the size of the nano - structure, precise control of different dimensions of light can be achieved.

[0046] Even further, the shape of the nano - graphic structure 48 is also one of the important parameters in the design. Different shapes will produce different scattering, reflection, and transmission effects on light. In the super - lens layer 40, common shapes of the nano - graphic structure 48 include cylindrical, rectangular, triangular, hexagonal, etc. By changing the shape of the nano - graphic structure 48, control of characteristics such as the direction and polarization of light can be achieved. For example, using nano - columns with a specific shape can achieve directional scattering or focusing of light.

[0047] Still further, the arrangement mode of the nano - graphic structure 48 also has an important impact on the optical performance of the super - lens layer 40. The arrangement mode determines the relative position and interaction relationship between the nano - graphic structures 48, thereby affecting the propagation and control effect of light. In the super - lens layer 40, the nano - structures can be arranged according to a specific period, angle, or direction to achieve specific optical functions. For example, by precisely controlling the arrangement mode of nano - columns, a phase gradient distribution of light can be achieved, thereby realizing the focusing or deflection function of the super - lens layer 40.

[0048] Example Two

[0049] Refer to Figure 1, in some alternative embodiments, the metalens layer 40 is fabricated using semiconductor material or metallic material.

[0050] Specifically, the metalens layer 40 can use nanofabrication techniques, such as electron beam lithography or nanoimprinting technology, to fabricate the desired metasurface structure on the battery or substrate. In this way, the metalens layer 40 can be fabricated using semiconductor material in terms of materials. Metalenses fabricated using semiconductor materials generally have a smaller volume and lighter weight, so that the addition of the metalens layer 40 to the solar cell 100 will not result in significant changes in thickness and weight, reducing the impact of the addition of the metalens layer 40 on the solar cell 100 other than color, and making the solar cell 100 with the added metalens layer 40 not more difficult to install. At the same time, some semiconductor materials also have tunable optical properties, which means that the optical performance of the metalens can be adjusted within a certain range to meet different color and pattern effects. And using semiconductor processes for production can significantly reduce the production cost of the metalens, which is conducive to large-scale applications.

[0051] Furthermore, the metalens layer 40 can also be fabricated using metallic material. Metallic materials have strong electromagnetic field coupling resonance and free electron oscillation characteristics. By controlling the characteristics of the metal nanostructures, precise manipulation of light beams can be achieved. Also, the fabrication process of metal nanostructures has been relatively mature and stable, which is conducive to its large-scale applications.

[0052] Even further, for metalenses fabricated using either semiconductor material or metallic material, by adjusting parameters such as the shape, rotation direction, height, etc. of the micro-nano structures on their surfaces, attributes such as polarization, phase, and amplitude of the incident light can be controlled, thereby achieving specific optical performance and obtaining various color and pattern effects to meet various requirements.

[0053] Embodiment III

[0054] Referring to Figure 2 , in some alternative embodiments, the depth of the nanograting structure 48 is 200 nm - 300 nm.

[0055] For example, the depth range of the nanograting structure 48 can be 200 nm, 210 nm, 220 nm, 230 nm, 240 nm, 250 nm, 260 nm, 270 nm, 280 nm, 290 nm, 300 nm.

[0056] Specifically, the size and depth of the nanograting structure 48 can be adjusted according to requirements to obtain nanograting structures 48 with different shapes. Different-shaped nanograting structures 48 have different regulations on the phase and amplitude of light, so that nanograting structures 48 that reflect light of different colors and brightness can be obtained.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in some alternative embodiments, the thickness of the superlens layer 40 is 2 um - 5 um.

[0059] For example, the thickness of the superlens layer 40 can be 2 um, 2.5 um, 3 um, 3.5 um, 4 um, 4.5 um, 5 um.

[0060] In this way, setting the thickness of the superlens layer 40 within this range can not only enable the preparation of the nano-patterned structure 48 on the superlens layer 40, but also avoid having too much impact on the thickness of the solar cell 100.

[0061] Specifically, solar cells 100 with different requirements for color pattern display may require superlens layers 40 with different thicknesses, and different thicknesses of the superlens layer 40 can be provided with different numbers of layers of the nano-patterned structure 48. In some simple application scenarios where the requirements for image and color display are not high, a thinner (e.g., 2 um) superlens layer 40 can be used and a single layer of the nano-patterned structure 48 can be provided. In some other complex application scenarios where the requirements for image and color display are high, multiple layers of the nano-patterned structure 48 need to be provided in the superlens layer 40. At this time, a thinner (e.g., 2 um) superlens layer 40 cannot meet the requirements, and a thicker (e.g., 5 um) superlens layer 40 is required. The thickness of the superlens layer 40 can be designed according to the number of layers of the required nano-patterned structure 48. This application does not limit the thickness of the superlens layer 40 and the number of layers of the nano-patterned structure 48 to meet various requirements.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in some alternative embodiments, the superlens layer 40 includes:

[0064] A first nano-patterned structure 481 for reflecting a first color; and / or

[0065] A second nano-patterned structure 482 for reflecting a second color; and / or

[0066] A third nano-patterned structure 483 for reflecting a third color, wherein the first color, the second color, and the third color are primary colors.

[0067] In this embodiment, nano-patterned structures 48 of one or more shapes are formed on the metalens layer 40. Nano-patterned structures 48 of different shapes can reflect light of different colors. In this way, the specific shape of the nano-patterned structure 48 can be adjusted according to the color to be displayed, so that the nano-patterned structure 48 reflects the required light. Thus, the metalens layer 40 can display one or more colors as actually required. To simplify the preparation process and difficulty and enable a few simple nano-patterned structures 48 to display colorful colors, the nano-patterned structure 48 can be set to reflect only three colors: red, green, and blue. Different nano-patterned structures 48 can be arranged in the manner of pixel points in an electronic screen to meet various color requirements and simplify the manufacturing process of the color solar cell 100.

[0068] Exemplarily, the first nano-patterned structure 481 can reflect red light, the second nano-patterned structure 482 can reflect green light, and the third nano-patterned structure 483 can reflect blue light. At the same time, the first nano-patterned structure 481, the second nano-patterned structure 482, and the third nano-patterned structure 483 are combined into a reflection combination and closely arranged in the manner of pixel points of an electronic screen. When a large number of reflection combinations composed of nano-patterned structures 48 are arranged on the metalens layer 40 in the manner of pixel points of an electronic screen, the metalens layer 40 can reflect various lights, thereby forming rich colors and patterns on the metalens layer 40.

[0069] Specifically, the shape of different nano-patterned structures 48 in each reflection combination can be adjusted according to actual needs, so that different nano-patterned structures 48 can reflect light of different colors and different brightnesses. In this way, the three primary color lights reflected by the reflection combination can be combined into any desired color, so that the metalens layer 40 presents rich colors and delicate patterns, greatly improving the aesthetics and application scenarios of the photovoltaic module.

[0070] It can be understood that there can be multiple nano-patterned structures 48 on the metalens layer 40. For example, there are three nano-patterned structures 48 that respectively reflect red, green, and blue light and form a reflection combination. By adjusting the size, shape, arrangement mode, etc. of the nano-patterned structure 48, the reflection efficiency of light can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the brightness of the light reflected by different nano-patterned structures 48. Thus, if the brightness ratios of the three different colors in the three primary colors are different, the metalens layer 40 can display rich colors, and the rich colors can be combined into delicate patterns. For example, simple stripe or color block patterns are formed using multiple colors, and each color occupies a certain space to achieve a decorative effect (such as setting a rainbow-shaped decoration using seven-color lights); or abstract artworks are created using the three primary colors and their mixed colors, expressing emotions and concepts through color contrast and fusion.

[0071] In some embodiments, the light reflected by the nano-patterned structure 48 can also be the primary colors such as red, yellow, and blue. Of course, it can also be other color combinations, and the color combination can be a combination of three colors or a combination of four colors. It can be understood that the above embodiments are only examples of some possibilities and are not limitations of the present application.

[0072] In addition, the "first", "second", and "third" in the above first color, second color, and third color are relative concepts, referring to different colors in the primary colors. In one example, when the first color is red, the second color is green, and the third color is blue; in another example, when the first color is green, the second color is red, and the third color is blue; in yet another example, when the first color is blue, the second color is red, and the third color is green, etc. In the present application, "first", "second", and "third" are only used to distinguish the same type of names, and their references are not limited.

[0073] Embodiment Six

[0074] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in some alternative embodiments, the superlens layer 40 further includes a first region 41, a second region 42, and a third region 43. The first region 41 is used to arrange the first nano-patterned structure 481, the second region 42 is used to arrange the second nano-patterned structure 482, and the third region 43 is used to arrange the third nano-patterned structure 483.

[0075] Specifically, different regions can be divided on the superlens layer 40. The nano-patterned structures 48 in the same region are the same and can display the same color. Different regions can be set into specific patterns. For example, the first region 41 is set as a fish pattern, and the first nano-patterned structure 481 is set to reflect red light, then the first region 41 will display a red fish pattern. Similarly, the second region 42 and the third region 43 can also be set into desired patterns, and combined with the light reflected by the second nano-patterned structure 482 and the third nano-patterned structure 483, so that the superlens layer 40 can present a desired pattern of a certain color. Of course, different regions can also be combined into color blocks similar to those in a painting, and combined with the multiple colors that the nano-patterned structure 48 can display, so that the superlens layer 40 can present a colored pattern, greatly improving the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0076] Furthermore, some pictures (such as pictures composed of a blue sky, green grass, and red flowers) can be referred to set the display of different regions of the superlens layer 40. There can be multiple first regions 41 on the superlens layer 40. Several first regions 41 are set into the shape of flowers. In this way, combined with the red light displayed by the first nano-graphic structure 481, a pattern of red flowers can be displayed on the superlens layer 40. At the same time, there can also be a second region 42 on the superlens layer 40, and the second region 42 is set into the shape of the green grass that sets off the red flowers. In this way, combined with the green light displayed by the second nano-graphic structure 482, a pattern of green grass can be displayed on the superlens layer 40. There can also be a third region 43 on the superlens layer 40, and the third region 43 is set into the shape of the blue sky that coordinates with the grass and red flowers. In this way, combined with the blue light displayed by the third nano-graphic structure 483, a pattern of the blue sky can be displayed on the superlens layer 40. In this way, a harmonious landscape pattern of the blue sky, green grass, and red flowers can be completed on the superlens layer 40. Of course, various pattern designs such as cartoons and anime characters can also be completed through the above method to meet the various aesthetic needs of people.

[0077] Embodiment Seven

[0078] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some alternative embodiments, the superlens layer 40 further includes a fourth region 44, a fifth region 45, a sixth region 46, and a seventh region 47. The fourth region 44 is used to arrange the first nano-graphic structure 481 and the second nano-graphic structure 482. The fifth region 45 is used to arrange the first nano-graphic structure 481 and the third nano-graphic structure 483. The sixth region 46 is used to arrange the second nano-graphic structure 482 and the third nano-graphic structure 483. The seventh region 47 is used to arrange the first nano-graphic structure 481, the second nano-graphic structure 482, and the third nano-graphic structure 483.

[0079] Specifically, two nano-graphic structures 48 can be set in one region of the superlens layer 40. The two nano-graphic structures 48 can be different to display different colors. The light of different colors can be converged and mixed into a brand-new color, and the brand-new color can be designed and displayed into various delicate patterns in the manner of Embodiment Six.

[0080] Exemplarily, the fourth region 44 is arranged with a first nanographic structure 481 and a second nanographic structure 482. The first nanographic structure 481 reflects red light, and the second nanographic structure 482 reflects green light. If such a first nanographic structure 481 and a second nanographic structure 482 are closely arranged at adjacent positions and are arranged in a certain array arrangement in the fourth region 44, the red and green reflected lights can be mixed into yellow light in the fourth region 44 and form a certain graphic effect. Of course, the mixing ratio of the first nanographic structure 481 and the second nanographic structure 482 can also be adjusted to adjust the wavelength of the mixed light, so that the wavelength of the mixed light tends to one of the red light and the green light, thereby displaying a variety of single or gradient colors.

[0081] Furthermore, the fifth region 45, the fifth region 45, the sixth region 46, and the seventh region 47 can also display a variety of single colors or gradient colors in the above-mentioned manner. For example, when the first nanographic structure 481 reflects red light, the second nanographic structure 482 reflects green light, and the third nanographic structure 483 reflects blue light. The fifth region 45 arranged with the first nanographic structure 481 and the third nanographic structure 483 will reflect the mixed light purple light of red and blue light. Of course, the mixing ratio of the first nanographic structure 481 and the third nanographic structure 483 can also be adjusted to adjust the wavelength of the mixed light, so that the wavelength of the mixed light tends to one of the red light and the blue light, thereby displaying a variety of single or gradient colors; similarly, the mixed light in the sixth region 46 is cyan, and the mixing ratio of the two nanographic structures 48 can be adjusted to make the wavelength of the mixed light tend to one of the green light and the blue light, thereby displaying a variety of single or gradient colors.

[0082] Even further, the first nanographic structure 481, the second nanographic structure 482, and the third nanographic structure 483 are arranged simultaneously in the seventh region 47, so that all the colors of the three primary colors can be mixed, enabling the seventh region 47 to display all colors of light. For example, various single colors such as red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, purple, black, and white, or various gradient colors, so that the seventh region 47 can display more colorful patterns.

[0083] In addition, there can be multiple identical or multiple different regions in the superlens layer 40, which is not limited in this application to meet various requirements.

[0084] Embodiment Eight

[0085] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , in some alternative embodiments, the solar cell 100 further includes a second passivation layer 30, and the second passivation layer 30 is disposed on the backlight surface 12 of the silicon substrate 10.

[0086] In this embodiment, passivation layers need to be provided on both sides of the silicon substrate 10. A first passivation layer 20 can be provided on the light-receiving surface 11 of the silicon substrate 10, and a second passivation layer 30 can be provided on the backlight surface 12 of the silicon substrate 10.

[0087] Specifically, the structure of the light-receiving surface 11 of the silicon substrate 10 of the solar cell 100 of the present application in sequence is: a first passivation layer 20, a superlens layer 40, a front adhesive film 50, and a glass protection layer 70; the structure of the backlight surface 12 of the silicon substrate 10 in sequence is: a second passivation layer 30, a back adhesive film 60, and a backplane layer 80. That is to say, the structural composition of the solar cell 100 in the present application in sequence is: a glass protection layer 70, a front adhesive film 50, a superlens layer 40, a first passivation layer 20, a silicon substrate 10, a second passivation layer 30, a back adhesive film 60, and a backplane layer 80 。

[0088] Furthermore, the present application uses a transparent glass protection layer 70 to protect the solar cell and the superlens layer 40. At the same time, the transparent glass protection layer 70 can also provide the necessary mechanical strength and weather resistance to the solar cell, minimizing the absorption and blocking of light by the protection layer, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0089] Embodiment Nine

[0090] Please refer to Figure 5 , the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery string 200, and the battery string 200 includes the solar cell 100 of any one of the above embodiments.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, the type of the battery string 200 is not limited either to meet different requirements. For example, various battery strings 200 such as a single-crystalline silicon solar cell 100 string, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell 100 string, a back-contact solar cell 100 string, and a bifacial solar cell 100 string.

[0092] Embodiment Ten

[0093] Please refer to Figure 6 , the embodiment of the present application also provides a battery module 300, and the battery module 300 includes the battery string 200 of the above embodiment.

[0094] Specifically, the structural components of the solar cell 100 in this application are, in sequence: a glass protection layer 70, a front adhesive film 50, a superlens layer 40, a first passivation layer 20, a silicon substrate 10, a second passivation layer 30, a back adhesive film 60, and a backplane layer 80. Assembling the structures of the solar cell 100 together in sequence and encapsulating them can obtain a complete color photovoltaic module. Such a color photovoltaic module has good weather resistance and reliability and can operate stably outdoors for a long time. Additionally, appropriate frames and junction boxes can be used to fix and protect the battery module 300 and provide a connection to an external circuit.

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, the type of the battery module 300 is not limited either to meet different requirements. For example, there are various battery modules 300 such as a monocrystalline silicon solar cell 100 module, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell 100 module, and a back-contact solar cell 100 module.

[0096] Example Eleven

[0097] Please refer to Figure 7 , the embodiments of this application also provide a photovoltaic system 400, and the photovoltaic system 400 includes the battery module 300 of the above embodiments.

[0098] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic system 400 can be applied in a photovoltaic power station, such as a ground power station, a rooftop power station, a water surface power station, etc., or can also be applied to devices or apparatuses that use solar energy for power generation, such as a user solar power supply, a solar street lamp, a solar car, a solar building, etc. Of course, it can be understood that the application scenarios of the photovoltaic system 400 are not limited to this, that is to say, the photovoltaic system 400 can be applied in all fields that require solar power generation. Taking a photovoltaic power generation system network as an example, the photovoltaic system 400 can include a photovoltaic array, a busbar box, and an inverter. The photovoltaic array can be an array combination of multiple battery modules 300. For example, multiple battery modules 300 can form multiple photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic arrays are connected to the busbar box, and the busbar box can aggregate the current generated by the photovoltaic arrays. After the aggregated current flows through the inverter and is converted into alternating current required by the mains power grid, it is connected to the mains network to achieve solar power supply.

[0099] Additionally, in the embodiments of this application, the type of the photovoltaic system 400 is not limited either to meet different requirements. For example, a residential photovoltaic power generation system, a photovoltaic agricultural project, a photovoltaic building curtain wall, an industrial photovoltaic power generation system.

[0100] It can be understood that those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of the above embodiments, combine various embodiments in the above various embodiments to obtain technical solutions of multiple embodiments.

[0101] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0102] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that: include: A silicon substrate, comprising a light-receiving surface and a backlight surface opposite to each other; A first passivation layer, wherein the first passivation layer is disposed on the light-receiving surface of the silicon substrate; A super lens layer, wherein the super lens layer is arranged on a side of the first passivation layer away from the silicon substrate, the super lens layer is formed with at least one nano-graphic structure, the length or width of the nano-graphic structure is 200nm-500nm, and the nano-graphic structure is configured to reflect light of a corresponding color.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The super lens layer is made of semiconductor material or metal material.

3. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The depth of the nano-graphic structure is 200nm-300nm.

4. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the super lens layer is 2um-5um.

5. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The super lens layer comprises: a first nano-pattern structure, the first nano-pattern structure being configured to reflect a first color; and / or a second nano-patterned structure, the second nano-patterned structure being configured to reflect a second color; and / or A third nano-pattern structure is used to reflect a third color, wherein the first color, the second color and the third color are three primary colors.

6. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that The super lens layer further includes a first region, a second region and a third region, wherein the first region is used to arrange the first nano-pattern structure, the second region is used to arrange the second nano-pattern structure, and the third region is used to arrange the third nano-pattern structure.

7. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that The super lens layer also includes a fourth region, a fifth region, a sixth region and a seventh region, the fourth region is used to arrange the first nano-graphic structure and the second nano-graphic structure, the fifth region is used to arrange the first nano-graphic structure and the third nano-graphic structure, the sixth region is used to arrange the second nano-graphic structure and the third nano-graphic structure, and the seventh region is used to arrange the first nano-graphic structure, the second nano-graphic structure and the third nano-graphic structure.

8. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The solar cell further includes a second passivation layer, which is disposed on the backlight side of the silicon substrate.

9. A battery string, characterized in that: The invention comprises a solar cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A battery assembly, characterized in that: Comprising the battery string as claimed in claim 9.

11. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: A battery assembly comprising the battery assembly of claim 10.

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