Self-centering three-jaw clamp used on four-jaw vertical lathe workbench

Abstract

The utility model relates to a self-centering three-jaw clamp used on a workbench of a four-jaw vertical lathe, and belongs to the technical field of tool clamps. The three-jaw clamp comprises a chuck body, three clamping jaws and a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprises a screw, a nut, three transmission rods and a driving part, a moving groove allowing the nut to move in the thickness direction of the chuck body is formed in the chuck body, the screw is in threaded fit with the nut, and the driving part is used for driving the screw to rotate; an adjusting groove communicating with the moving groove is formed in the side face of the chuck body, and the transmission rod is slidably connected into the adjusting groove. The circumferential surface of the nut is a conical surface, one end of the transmission rod abuts against the conical surface of the nut, and the other end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected with one side of the clamping jaw. According to the clamping device, the nut is driven to axially move through the rotating torque of the screw rod, and then the circumferential force of the nut is transmitted to the transmission rod through the conical surface, so that the side faces of the three clamping jaws abut against the inner side wall of the workpiece to be machined, the purpose of clamping the workpiece to be machined is achieved, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tooling fixtures, and in particular, to a self-centering three-jaw fixture for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the jaws on the workbench of a commonly used vertical lathe generally adopt four-jaw clamping, and each jaw is an independent clamping mechanism; in actual use, it is necessary to separately adjust the telescopic amount of each jaw in order to control the relative position of the workpiece to be machined on the workbench and achieve the purpose of aligning the workpiece before machining.

[0003] The existing three-jaw fixture refers to a machine tool accessory that clamps and positions a workpiece by the radial movement of three movable jaws evenly distributed on the chuck body. The three-jaw fixture consists of a chuck body, movable jaws, and a jaw drive mechanism. The three jaws on the three-jaw fixture are mainly used to clamp workpieces with different diameters.

[0004] However, in actual production and use, due to factors such as the size of the product shape and the proficiency of the operator, the process of clamping and aligning the workpiece is time-consuming and laborious. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to effectively improve production efficiency, the present application provides a self-centering three-jaw fixture for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench.

[0006] The self-centering three-jaw fixture for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench provided by the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A self-centering three-jaw fixture for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench includes a chuck body, three jaws, and a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a screw rod, a nut, three transmission rods, and a driving member. A moving groove for the nut to move along the thickness direction of the chuck body is provided in the chuck body. The screw rod is in threaded cooperation with the nut, and the driving member is used to drive the screw rod to rotate; an adjustment groove communicating with the moving groove is provided on the side surface of the chuck body, and the transmission rod is slidably connected in the adjustment groove; the circumferential surface of the nut is a conical surface, and one end of the transmission rod abuts against the conical surface of the nut, and the other end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to one side of the jaw.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the driving member is used to drive the screw rod to rotate. The rotational torque of the screw rod will drive the nut to move axially. Then, the circumferential force of the nut is transmitted to the transmission rod through the conical surface and then to the jaw, so that the side surfaces of the three jaws abut against the inner side wall of the workpiece to be machined, achieving the purpose of clamping the workpiece to be machined and effectively improving production efficiency.

[0009] Optionally, a guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the chuck body, a sliding cylinder is fixedly connected to the nut, the guide cylinder is slidably sleeved outside the sliding cylinder, and the sliding cylinder is slidably sleeved outside the screw rod.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide cylinder cooperates with the sliding cylinder to guide the axial movement of the nut, thereby making it easier to push the three transmission rods away through the nut.

[0011] Optionally, a reset groove connected to the adjustment groove is provided in the chuck body, and a reset block is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission rod; a reset spring is provided in the reset groove, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the reset groove, and the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the reset block.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the reset block and the reset spring cooperate with each other, so that the end of the transmission rod can abut against the conical surface of the nut. When the driving member drives the screw to rotate in the opposite direction, the claws can move toward the chuck body, making it easier to take and place the workpiece.

[0013] Optionally, one end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, a connecting groove for plugging with the connecting rod is provided on the side of the claw, and a limiting component for limiting the connecting rod in the connecting groove is provided on the connecting rod.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting rod and the connecting groove cooperate so that the claw can be detachably connected to the transmission rod, which makes it easy to replace the claw for workpieces of different shapes to be processed or when the claw is damaged; the limiting component can make the connection of the claw to the transmission rod more stable, so that the claw can clamp the workpiece to be processed more tightly.

[0015] Optionally, the limiting assembly includes a limiting rod, a limiting groove and a limiting spring, a recessed groove is provided on the side of the connecting rod, the limiting rod is slidably connected in the recessed groove, one end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the recessed groove, and the other end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting rod; the limiting groove is provided on the groove wall of the connecting groove, and the limiting groove is plugged into and fit with the other end of the limiting rod.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the limiting rod is aligned with the limiting groove, the other end of the limiting rod will be inserted into the limiting groove under the action of the limiting spring, so that the connection of the claw on the transmission rod is more stable.

[0017] Optionally, a toggle groove connected to the limiting groove is formed on the side of the claw, and a toggle block is slidably connected in the toggle groove; the end surface of the limiting rod away from the limiting spring is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface of the limiting rod is set away from the direction of the transmission rod.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the toggle block moves in the toggle groove, which can push the other end of the limiting rod to retract into the recessed groove, thereby making the disassembly of the claw easier; in the process of inserting the connecting rod into the connecting groove, the inclined surface of the limiting rod will press against the groove wall of the connecting groove, so that the other end of the limiting rod can be retracted into the recessed groove, thereby making the connection and fixation of the claw easier.

[0019] Optionally, an unlocking groove is provided on the side of the clamping disk, and the bottom of the unlocking groove is inclined toward the direction of the transmission rod; the end of the toggle block is abutted and matched with the bottom of the unlocking groove.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the driving member drives the screw to rotate in the opposite direction, the claw will move toward the direction of the chuck body, making it convenient for the end of the toggle block to be inserted into the unlocking groove and abut against the bottom of the unlocking groove to move toward the direction of the transmission rod. The movement of the toggle block will push the other end of the limiting rod to retract into the recessed groove, thereby enabling the claw to be replaced.

[0021] Optionally, a guide block is fixedly connected to the side of the toggle block, and a guide groove for slidingly cooperating with the guide block is opened on the groove wall of the toggle groove; a ball is rollingly connected to the end of the toggle block.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide block cooperates with the guide groove to guide the movement of the toggle block; and the ball bearing makes the movement of the toggle block easier, which is conducive to disassembling the claw.

[0023] Optionally, an anti-slip pad is provided on the side of the claw away from the transmission rod.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the clamping claws are pressed against the inner wall of the workpiece to be processed, the anti-slip pad can enable the clamping claws to better clamp the workpiece to be processed.

[0025] In summary, this application at least includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. The screw is driven to rotate by the driving member, and the rotating torque of the screw drives the nut to move axially, and then the circumferential force of the nut is transmitted to the transmission rod through the conical surface, and then to the claws, so that the side surfaces of the three claws are pressed against the inner wall of the workpiece to be processed, thereby achieving the purpose of clamping the workpiece to be processed and effectively improving production efficiency;

[0027] 2. The connecting rod and the connecting groove are matched to make the claw detachably connected to the transmission rod, so that the claw can be easily replaced for workpieces of different shapes to be processed or if the claw is damaged; the limiting component can make the connection of the claw to the transmission rod more stable, so that the claw can clamp the workpiece to be processed more tightly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a self-centering three-jaw clamp used on a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application, mainly used to show the connection diagram of the chuck body, the claws and the driving mechanism;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application, mainly used to expand the connection diagram of the transmission rod, the claw and the limiting assembly;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A.

[0032] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. chuck body; 2. claw; 3. driving mechanism; 31. screw; 32. nut; 33. transmission rod; 34. driving member; 4. movable groove; 5. adjusting groove; 6. guide cylinder; 7. sliding cylinder; 8. reset groove; 9. reset block; 10. reset spring; 11. connecting rod; 12. connecting groove; 13. limiting assembly; 131. limiting rod; 132. limiting groove; 133. limiting spring; 14. recessed groove; 15. toggle groove; 16. toggle block; 17. unlocking groove; 18. guide block; 19. guide groove; 20. ball; 21. anti-slip pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following Figures 1-4 It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0034] The present application embodiment discloses a self-centering three-jaw clamp for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The three-jaw clamp includes a chuck body 1 and a driving mechanism 3, the driving mechanism 3 includes a screw 31, a nut 32 and a driving member 34, a movable groove 4 is opened in the chuck body 1, and the movable groove 4 is arranged along the thickness direction of the chuck body 1, that is, the movable groove 4 can allow the nut 32 to move along the thickness direction of the chuck body 1; the upper surface of the chuck body 1 is fixedly connected with a guide cylinder 6 by bolts, and the guide cylinder 6 is arranged along the thickness direction of the chuck body 1; one end of the nut 32 is integrally formed with a sliding cylinder 7, and the guide cylinder 6 is slidably sleeved outside the sliding cylinder 7; the screw 31 is threadedly matched with the nut 32, the sliding cylinder 7 is slidably sleeved outside the screw 31, and the driving member 34 is used to drive the screw 31 to rotate.

[0035] In this embodiment, the chuck body 1 is disc-shaped, and the circumferential surface of the nut 32 is a conical surface; the driving member 34 is a driving motor, the outer shell of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the chuck body 1, and the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the screw 31 by means of a key connection; the inner side wall of the sliding cylinder 7 is provided with internal threads, that is, the sliding cylinder 7 can be in threaded cooperation with the screw 31; the cross-section of the sliding cylinder 7 is square, that is, the sliding cylinder 7 can only move along the length direction of the guiding cylinder 6 and cannot rotate within the guiding cylinder 6. By the cooperation of the guiding cylinder 6 and the sliding cylinder 7, the axial movement of the nut 32 can be guided; then, the driving motor is used to drive the screw 31 to rotate, and the rotational torque of the screw 31 will drive the nut 32 to move axially.

[0036] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in order to clamp the workpiece to be machined, the three-jaw chuck further includes three jaws 2. Three adjustment grooves 5 are provided on the side surface of the chuck body 1. The three adjustment grooves 5 are evenly distributed along the circumferential surface of the chuck body 1, and the adjustment grooves 5 communicate with the moving grooves 4; a transmission rod 33 is slidably connected in the adjustment groove 5. One end of the transmission rod 33 abuts against the conical surface of the nut 32, and the other end of the transmission rod 33 is fixedly connected to one side of the jaw 2. Through the circumferential movement of the nut 32, the circumferential force of the nut 32 can be transmitted to the transmission rod 33 through the conical surface and then to the jaw 2, so that the side surfaces of the three jaws 2 abut against the inner side wall of the workpiece to be machined, achieving the purpose of clamping the workpiece to be machined.

[0037] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in order to make the loading and unloading of the machined workpiece more convenient, a reset groove 8 is provided in the chuck body 1. The reset groove 8 communicates with the adjustment groove 5. A reset block 9 is fixedly welded to the side surface of the transmission rod 33; a reset spring 10 is installed in the reset groove 8. One end of the reset spring 10 is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the reset groove 8, and the other end of the reset spring 10 is fixedly connected to the reset block 9. Through the cooperation of the reset block 9 and the reset spring 10, the end of the transmission rod 33 can be made to abut against the conical surface of the nut 32. When the driving member 34 drives the screw 31 to rotate in the reverse direction, it is convenient for the jaw 2 to move towards the chuck body 1, thus making the loading and unloading of the machined workpiece more convenient.

[0038] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in order to improve the clamping effect of the jaw 2 on the workpiece to be machined, an anti-slip pad 21 is fixedly attached to the side surface of the jaw 2 with strong glue. The anti-slip pad 21 is located at the end of the jaw 2 away from the transmission rod 33. When the jaw 2 abuts against the inner side wall of the workpiece to be machined, the anti-slip pad 21 can make the clamping effect of the jaw 2 on the workpiece to be machined better.

[0039] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4In order to improve the clamping effect of the jaw 2 on the workpiece to be processed, a connecting rod 11 is integrally formed at one end of the transmission rod 33, and a connecting groove 12 is provided on the side of the jaw 2. The connecting groove 12 is plugged with the connecting rod 11, and a limiting component 13 is installed on the connecting rod 11. The limiting component 13 is used to limit the connecting rod 11 in the connecting groove 12. Among them, the shape of the jaw 2 can be replaced according to the shape of the workpiece to be processed, so that the contact area between the jaw 2 and the workpiece to be processed can be larger; through the matching of the connecting rod 11 and the connecting groove 12, the jaw 2 can be detachably connected to the transmission rod 33, and the jaw 2 can be easily replaced for different shapes of workpieces to be processed or when the jaw 2 is damaged; the limiting component 13 can make the connection of the jaw 2 on the transmission rod 33 more stable, so that the jaw 2 can clamp the workpiece to be processed more tightly.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In order to make the connection of the claw 2 on the transmission rod 33 more stable, the limiting assembly 13 includes a limiting rod 131, a limiting groove 132 and a limiting spring 133. A concave groove 14 is provided on the side of the connecting rod 11. The limiting rod 131 is slidably connected in the concave groove 14. One end of the limiting spring 133 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the concave groove 14, and the other end of the limiting spring 133 is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting rod 131. The limiting groove 132 is provided on the groove wall of the connecting groove 12, and the limiting groove 132 is plugged and matched with the other end of the limiting rod 131. When the limiting rod 131 is aligned with the limiting groove 132, the other end of the limiting rod 131 will be inserted into the limiting groove 132 under the action of the limiting spring 133, so that the connection of the claw 2 on the transmission rod 33 is more stable.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In order to facilitate the connection of the claw 2 on the transmission rod 33, a toggle groove 15 is provided on the side of the claw 2, and the toggle groove 15 is connected to the limiting groove 132, and a toggle block 16 is slidably connected in the toggle groove 15; the end surface of the limiting rod 131 away from the limiting spring 133 is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface of the limiting rod 131 is set away from the direction of the transmission rod. By moving the toggle block 16 in the toggle groove 15, the other end of the limiting rod 131 can be pushed to retract into the recessed groove 14, so that the removal of the claw 2 is more convenient; when the connecting rod 11 is inserted into the connecting groove 12, the inclined surface of the limiting rod 131 will press against the groove wall of the connecting groove 12, so that the other end of the limiting rod 131 is retracted into the recessed groove 14, so that the connection and fixation of the claw 2 is more convenient.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4In order to facilitate the replacement of the claw 2 on the transmission rod 33, an unlocking groove 17 is provided on the side of the clamping plate, and the bottom of the unlocking groove 17 is tilted toward the transmission rod; the end of the toggle block 16 abuts against the bottom of the unlocking groove 17. When the driving member 34 drives the screw rod 31 to rotate in the opposite direction, the claw 2 will move toward the chuck body 1, so that the end of the toggle block 16 can be inserted into the unlocking groove 17 and abut against the bottom of the unlocking groove 17 to move toward the transmission rod. The movement of the toggle block 16 will push the other end of the limiting rod 131 to retract into the recessed groove 14, so that the claw 2 can be replaced.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In order to more conveniently remove the claw 2, a guide block 18 is fixedly connected to the side of the toggle block 16, and a guide groove 19 is provided on the groove wall of the toggle groove 15, and the guide groove 19 and the guide block 18 are slidably matched; a ball 20 is rollingly connected to the end of the toggle block 16. The guide block 18 cooperates with the guide groove 19 to guide the movement of the toggle block 16; and the ball 20 makes it easier to move the toggle block 16, which is conducive to removing the claw 2.

[0044] The implementation principle of a self-centering three-jaw clamp used on a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: start the drive motor to let the screw 31 rotate in the opposite direction, so that the three claws 2 approach each other and fit on the circumferential surface of the chuck body 1; at the same time, the end of the toggle block 16 will slide along the bottom of the unlocking groove 17, so that the toggle block 16 moves closer to the connecting rod 11, and the movement of the toggle block 16 will push the other end of the limiting rod 131 to retract into the recessed groove 14, so as to facilitate the removal of the claw 2 from the transmission rod 33.

[0045] Replace the new jaws 2 according to the model of the workpiece to be processed, and sleeve the connecting groove 12 of the new jaws 2 on the connecting rod 11 of the transmission rod 33; move the workpiece to be processed to the chuck body 1, so that the three jaws 2 on the chuck body 1 are located on the inner side of the workpiece to be processed; start the drive motor to let the screw 31 rotate forward, so that the three jaws 2 move away from each other and press against the inner wall of the workpiece to be processed, thereby achieving the purpose of clamping the workpiece to be processed and effectively improving production efficiency.

[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including abstract and drawings), unless otherwise stated, can be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features with similar purposes. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-centering three-jaw clamp for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench, characterized in that: The invention comprises a chuck body (1), three clamping jaws (2) and a driving mechanism (3), wherein the driving mechanism (3) comprises a screw rod (31), a nut (32), three transmission rods (33) and a driving member (34); a moving groove (4) for the nut (32) to move along the thickness direction of the chuck body (1) is provided in the chuck body (1); the screw rod (31) and the nut (32) are threadedly matched; the driving member (34) is used to drive the screw rod (31) to rotate; an adjusting groove (5) connected to the moving groove (4) is provided on the side surface of the chuck body (1); the transmission rod (33) is slidably connected in the adjusting groove (5); the circumferential surface of the nut (32) is a conical surface, and one end of the transmission rod (33) abuts against the conical surface of the nut (32), and the other end of the transmission rod (33) is fixedly connected to one side of the clamping jaw (2).

2. A self-centering three-jaw clamp for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck body (1) is fixedly connected with a guide cylinder (6), the nut (32) is fixedly connected with a sliding cylinder (7), the guide cylinder (6) is slidably sleeved outside the sliding cylinder (7), and the sliding cylinder (7) is slidably sleeved outside the screw rod (31).

3. A self-centering three-jaw clamp for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A reset groove (8) connected to the adjustment groove (5) is provided in the chuck body (1), and a reset block (9) is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission rod (33); a reset spring (10) is provided in the reset groove (8), one end of the reset spring (10) is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the reset groove (8), and the other end of the reset spring (10) is fixedly connected to the reset block (9).

4. A self-centering three-jaw clamp for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the transmission rod (33) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (11); a connecting groove (12) for plugging and cooperating with the connecting rod (11) is provided on the side of the claw (2); and a limiting component (13) for limiting the connecting rod (11) in the connecting groove (12) is provided on the connecting rod (11).

5. A self-centering three-jaw clamp for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (13) comprises a limiting rod (131), a limiting groove (132) and a limiting spring (133); a recessed groove (14) is provided on the side of the connecting rod (11); the limiting rod (131) is slidably connected in the recessed groove (14); one end of the limiting spring (133) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the recessed groove (14); the other end of the limiting spring (133) is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting rod (131); the limiting groove (132) is provided on the groove wall of the connecting groove (12), and the limiting groove (132) is plug-fitted with the other end of the limiting rod (131).

6. A self-centering three-jaw clamp for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side surface of the clamping claw (2) is provided with a toggle groove (15) which is connected to the limiting groove (132), and a toggle block (16) is slidably connected in the toggle groove (15); the end surface of the limiting rod (131) away from the limiting spring (133) is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface of the limiting rod (131) is arranged away from the direction of the transmission rod.

7. A self-centering three-jaw clamp for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench according to claim 6, characterized in that: An unlocking groove (17) is provided on the side of the clamping plate, and the bottom of the unlocking groove (17) is inclined toward the direction of the transmission rod; the end of the toggle block (16) is in abutment with the bottom of the unlocking groove (17).

8. A self-centering three-jaw clamp for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench according to claim 7, characterized in that: A guide block (18) is fixedly connected to the side of the toggle block (16); a guide groove (19) is provided on the groove wall of the toggle groove (15) and is slidably matched with the guide block (18); and a ball (20) is rollingly connected to the end of the toggle block (16).

9. A self-centering three-jaw clamp for a four-jaw vertical lathe workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-slip pad (21) is provided on the side of the claw (2) away from the transmission rod (33).

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