Perforated workpiece fixing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tool clamps, and particularly discloses a perforated workpiece fixing device which comprises a fixing plate, a mounting plate, a center positioning mechanism, a circumferential positioning mechanism and a pressing mechanism, the fixing plate is mounted on a machine tool, the mounting plate is fixedly arranged on the fixing plate through a cushion block, and the center positioning mechanism comprises a positioning column and a first linear driving part; the positioning column is arranged on the mounting plate in a penetrating manner; the diameter of the positioning column is matched with that of a central mounting hole of the brake bottom plate; the first linear driving piece is arranged on the fixing plate, and the output end of the first linear driving piece is connected with the positioning column; the circumferential positioning mechanism is arranged on the mounting plate and is used for limiting the rotation of the brake bottom plate around the axial direction of the positioning column; the pressing mechanism is arranged on the fixing plate and used for pressing the brake bottom plate on the mounting plate. The method has the effect that the problem that when the brake bottom plate is machined, the position degree of the cam shaft hole and the supporting pin hole which are machined subsequently and the center mounting hole which is machined previously is difficult to accurately grasp, and the quality of the brake bottom plate is affected is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of tooling fixtures, and particularly to a fixing device for perforated workpieces. Background Art

[0002] The brake backplate is a key component in the brake backplate assembly. It is a supporting part that fixes the brake shoe assembly and the brake drum assembly in the automotive brake, and is the core of the vehicle's braking system. Referring to Figure 1 , the brake backplate includes an annular fixing plate body. One end of the fixing plate body is provided with a camshaft hole, the other end is provided with a support pin hole, and the center of the fixing plate body is provided with a center mounting hole. The brake backplate is fixed on the axle through the center mounting hole. To ensure the precise reliability of the brake backplate assembly, the positional tolerances of the center mounting hole, the camshaft hole, and the support pin hole are relatively high.

[0003] In the related art during the production and processing of the brake backplate, usually the center mounting hole on the brake backplate is first machined in place, and then the blank of the brake backplate with the machined center mounting hole is clamped and fixed. Finally, various other holes on the brake backplate are machined by a drilling machine.

[0004] For the above-mentioned related technology, after the brake backplate with the machined center mounting hole is fixed by secondary clamping, due to the problem of clamping and fixing accuracy, it is very difficult to accurately control the positional tolerance between the subsequently machined camshaft hole and support pin hole and the previously machined center mounting hole, which affects the quality of the brake backplate. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to improve the problem that it is very difficult to accurately control the positional tolerance between the subsequently machined camshaft hole and support pin hole and the previously machined center mounting hole during the processing of the brake backplate, which affects the quality of the brake backplate, this application provides a fixing device for perforated workpieces.

[0006] The fixing device for perforated workpieces provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fixing device for perforated workpieces includes a fixing plate, a mounting plate, a center positioning mechanism, a circumferential positioning mechanism, and a pressing mechanism. The mounting plate is fixedly arranged on the fixing plate through a spacer block. The center positioning mechanism includes a positioning post and a first linear driving member. The positioning post penetrates through the mounting plate in a direction perpendicular to the mounting plate, and the diameter of the positioning post is adapted to the diameter of the center mounting hole of the brake backplate. The first linear driving member is arranged on the fixing plate, and the output end of the first linear driving member is connected to the positioning post. The circumferential positioning mechanism is arranged on the mounting plate and is used to limit the rotation of the brake backplate around the axial direction of the positioning post. The pressing mechanism is arranged on the fixing plate and is used to press the brake backplate onto the mounting plate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, when in use, the first linear drive member drives the positioning column to protrude upward from the mounting plate, and the brake base plate with the initial center mounting hole processed is placed on the mounting plate, and the brake base plate is sleeved on the positioning column through the center mounting hole. The positioning column is used to form a preliminary positioning of the brake base plate, and then the circumferential positioning mechanism is used to limit the rotation of the brake base plate around the axial direction of the positioning column, and then the brake base plate is pressed against the mounting plate by the clamping mechanism, thereby completely limiting the degree of freedom of the brake base plate, and realizing the completely accurate positioning and fixation of the brake base plate, and then the first linear drive member drives the positioning column to retract downward into the mounting plate; finally, the processing machinery completes the fine processing of the center mounting hole and the drilling of the camshaft hole and the support pin hole, and the one-time clamping of the fixing device of the present application completes the processing of the center mounting hole, the camshaft hole and the support pin hole at one time, and the position accuracy of the three is relatively high, which improves the problem that when the brake base plate is processed, the position accuracy of the subsequently processed camshaft hole and the support pin hole and the previously processed center mounting hole is difficult to accurately grasp, affecting the quality of the brake base plate.

[0009] Optionally, the circumferential positioning mechanism includes a fixed block and a limiting rod, the fixed block is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, the limiting rod is threadedly connected to the fixed block, the end of the limiting rod is used to abut against the peripheral wall of the brake base plate, and the limiting rod is a magnetic structural component.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the brake base plate is initially positioned with the positioning column through the central mounting hole, the brake base plate is appropriately rotated until the peripheral wall of the brake base plate is pressed against the end of the limiting rod, thereby limiting the rotation of the brake base plate around the axial direction of the positioning column; the limiting rod is threadedly connected to the fixed block so that the rotation angle of the brake base plate around the axis of the positioning column is adjustable, making the positioning of the brake base plate more accurate and reliable; the provision of the magnetic structural part of the limiting rod enables the brake base plate to be magnetically fastened to the limiting rod, thereby reducing the probability of the brake base plate shaking and further improving the accuracy of the positioning of the brake base plate.

[0011] Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes multiple groups of positioning components arranged around the axis of the positioning column, the positioning components include a second linear drive member and a pressure block, the second linear drive member is arranged on a fixed plate, the output end of the second linear drive member moves in a direction perpendicular to the fixed plate, and the pressure block is arranged on the output end of the second linear drive member.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the brake base plate is placed on the mounting plate, the second linear drive member drives the pressing block downward to approach the mounting plate until the pressing block presses the brake base plate against the mounting plate. The structure is simple and easy to use.

[0013] Optionally, one end of the pressing block is rotatably connected to the output end of the second linear driving member. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the second linear driving member. The end of the connecting rod away from the second linear driving member is rotatably connected to the middle of the pressing block. The pressing block and the connecting rod swing in the same direction.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the output end of the second linear driving member moves upward, it drives the end of the pressing block connected to the output end of the second linear driving member to move upward. Also, due to the limitation of the connecting rod, the end of the pressing block away from the output end of the second linear driving member will rotate downward until it presses tightly against the upper surface of the brake back plate, thereby pressing the brake back plate against the mounting plate. When the brake back plate needs to be removed after processing, only need to drive the output end of the second linear driving member to move downward, thereby driving the end of the pressing block away from the output end of the second linear driving member to rotate upward, thus releasing the pressing of the pressing block on the brake back plate. The matching setting of the pressing block and the connecting rod enables the brake back plate to be placed on the mounting plate from top to bottom without being restricted, facilitating the quick installation and disassembly of the brake back plate and improving the efficiency.

[0015] Optionally, a bearing plate is provided on the bottom wall of the pressing block.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the bearing plate contacts the brake back plate instead of the pressing block. The setting of the bearing plate can protect the pressing block, and the bearing plate can be quickly replaced, thereby achieving the effect of extending the service life of the pressing block.

[0017] Optionally, a controller is provided on the fixing plate. The controller is electrically connected to the first linear driving member and the second linear driving member.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the controller can improve the automation degree of the fixing device of the present application, with a simple structure and convenient use.

[0019] Optionally, a chamfer is provided around the top of the positioning post.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the chamfer around the top of the positioning post facilitates the direct sleeving of the brake back plate on the positioning post, reduces the difficulty of installing the brake back plate on the mounting plate, and improves the clamping and fixing efficiency of the brake back plate.

[0021] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] 1. During use, first, the brake base plate is sleeved on the positioning post through the central mounting hole formed by rough machining. The circumferential positioning mechanism limits the rotation of the brake base plate around the axial direction of the positioning post. Then, the brake base plate is pressed against the mounting plate through the pressing mechanism, thereby completely restricting the degrees of freedom of the brake base plate. Subsequently, the processing equipment is used to complete the finish machining of the central mounting hole and the machining of the camshaft hole and the support pin hole. Compared with machining the central mounting hole in place first and then machining the camshaft hole and the support pin hole on the brake base plate, the positional accuracy of the three is higher, improving the problem that it is difficult to accurately control the positional accuracy between the subsequently machined camshaft hole and support pin hole and the previously machined central mounting hole during the machining of the brake base plate, which affects the quality of the brake base plate.

[0023] 2. The setting of the fixed block and the magnetic limiting rod enables the brake base plate sleeved on the positioning post through the central mounting hole to rotate until its peripheral wall abuts against the limiting rod, thereby limiting the rotation of the brake base plate around the axial direction of the positioning post. The threaded connection mode between the limiting rod and the fixed block also enables the rotation angle of the brake base plate to be restricted, thereby realizing the fine adjustment of the placement angle of the brake base plate and improving the placement accuracy. Moreover, the magnetic limiting rod can also adsorb the brake base plate, reducing the probability of the brake base plate shaking.

[0024] 3. The cooperative setting of the pressing block and the connecting rod enables the second linear driving member to drive the pressing rod to move upward, and then, under the restriction of the connecting rod, the end of the pressing rod away from the second linear driving member can be driven to rotate downward until the brake base plate is pressed against the mounting plate. When the brake base plate needs to be removed after processing, only by driving the pressing rod to move downward through the second linear driving member, the end of the pressing rod away from the second linear driving member can be rotated upward, thereby releasing the pressing on the brake base plate, and it will not prevent the brake base plate from being directly removed upward. The structure is simple and easy to use. Description of the Drawings

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the brake base plate in the background art;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic overall structural diagram of the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic overall structural diagram of the brake base plate in the installed state in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Reference signs: 1, brake back plate; 11, fixing plate body; 12, camshaft hole; 13, support pin hole; 14, central mounting hole; 2, fixing plate; 3, mounting plate; 31, cushion block; 32, through hole; 4, central positioning mechanism; 41, positioning column; 42, first linear driving member; 5, circumferential positioning mechanism; 51, fixed block; 52, limiting rod; 6, pressing mechanism; 61, second linear driving member; 62, pressing block; 63, connecting rod; 64, bearing plate; 7, controller. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The following further elaborates on this application Figures 1 - 3 in conjunction with the attached drawings.

[0031] An embodiment of this application discloses a fixing device for an opening workpiece. Referring to Figure 2 , the fixing device for the opening workpiece includes a fixing plate 2, a mounting plate 3, a central positioning mechanism 4, a circumferential positioning mechanism 5, and a pressing mechanism 6.

[0032] The fixing plate 2 is bolted and fixed to the workbench surface of the machine tool (not shown in the figure), and the mounting plate 3 is fixedly installed on the fixing plate 2 through the cushion block 31 provided at the bottom. The central positioning mechanism 4 includes a positioning column 41 and a first linear driving member 42. A through hole 32 is formed through the middle of the mounting plate 3, and the positioning column 41 is slidably inserted into the through hole 32 in the vertical direction. The peripheral wall of the positioning column 41 is used for clearance fit with the central mounting hole 14 formed by rough machining on the brake back plate 1. Exemplarily, the first linear driving member 42 adopts a first telescopic cylinder. The first linear driving member 42 is fixedly installed on the fixing plate 2 in the vertical direction, and the output end of the first linear driving member 42 is welded and fixed to the bottom wall of the positioning column 41.

[0033] When fixing the brake back plate 1, the first linear driving member 42 is used to drive the positioning column 41 to extend upward out of the mounting plate 3, and the brake back plate 1 is sleeved on the positioning column 41 through the central mounting hole 14 until the bottom wall of the brake back plate 1 is placed on the mounting plate 3. In order to reduce the difficulty of sleeving the brake back plate 1 on the positioning column 41, a chamfer is provided around the top of the positioning column 41.

[0034] At this time, the brake back plate 1 still has two degrees of freedom: rotating around the axis of the positioning column 41 and disengaging upward from the mounting plate 3. To this end, a circumferential positioning mechanism 5 is provided on the mounting plate 3 for limiting the rotation of the brake back plate 1 around the axial direction of the positioning column 41; a pressing mechanism 6 is provided on the fixing plate 2 for pressing the brake back plate 1 onto the mounting plate 3.

[0035] After the brake backing plate 1 is sleeved on the positioning post 41 through the central mounting hole 14, the circumferential positioning mechanism 5 limits the rotation of the brake backing plate 1 around the axis of the positioning post 41 axially. Then, the brake backing plate 1 is pressed against the mounting plate 3 through the pressing mechanism 6, so as to realize the precise three-dimensional fixation of the whole brake backing plate 1. Then, the first linear driving member 42 drives the positioning post 41 to retract downward into the mounting plate 3, and the processing equipment is used to complete the finish machining of the central mounting hole 14 and the machining of the camshaft hole 12 and the support pin hole 13. Compared with machining the central mounting hole 14 in place first and then fixing the brake backing plate 1 to complete the machining of the camshaft hole 12 and the support pin hole 13, all three machining operations are completed by one-time clamping and fixing in the fixing device of the present application, and the position accuracy is higher, which improves the problem that it is difficult to accurately grasp the position between the subsequently machined camshaft hole 12 and support pin hole 13 and the previously machined central mounting hole 14 during the machining of the brake backing plate 1, affecting the quality of the brake backing plate 1.

[0036] Referring to Figures 2 - 3 , the circumferential positioning mechanism 5 includes a fixed block 51 and a limiting rod 52. The fixed block 51 is bolted and fixed on the mounting plate 3 vertically. The limiting rod 52 is a limiting bolt, and the limiting rod 52 is threadedly connected to the fixed block 51 horizontally. The depth of the threaded connection between the limiting rod 52 and the fixed block 51 is adjusted so that the peripheral wall of the brake backing plate 1 abuts against the end of the limiting rod 52 during the rotation around the positioning post 41, thereby precisely positioning the brake backing plate 1 and improving the accuracy of subsequent machining. In order to prevent the brake backing plate 1 from shaking and misaligning after abutting against the end of the limiting rod 52, the limiting rod 52 uses a magnetic structural member to suck the brake backing plate 1.

[0037] The pressing mechanism 6 includes a plurality of pressing assemblies arranged around the axis of the positioning post 41. Exemplarily, there are four groups of pressing assemblies arranged circumferentially along the braking point. The pressing assembly includes a second linear driving member 61, a pressing block 62 and a connecting rod 63. The second linear driving member 61 is a second telescopic cylinder, and the second linear driving member 61 is bolted and fixed on the fixing plate 2 vertically. One end of the pressing block 62 is rotatably connected to the output end of the second linear driving member 61. One end of the connecting rod 63 is rotatably connected to the top of the second linear driving member 61, and the other end of the connecting rod 63 is rotatably connected to the middle of the pressing block 62. The pressing block 62 and the connecting rod 63 rotate horizontally, and their swinging directions are the same.

[0038] After the brake back plate 1 is limited in its axial rotation around the positioning post 41 by the circumferential positioning mechanism 5, one end of the pressing block 62 connected to the second linear driving member 61 is driven by the second linear driving member 61 to move upward. Due to the limitation of the connection, the end of the pressing block 62 far from the second linear driving member 61 will rotate downward, so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the brake back plate 1, and then the brake back plate 1 is pressed tightly on the mounting plate 3. When the brake back plate 1 needs to be disassembled after processing, it only needs to drive one end of the pressing block 62 connected to the second linear driving member 61 to move downward by the second linear driving member 61. The end of the pressing block 62 far from the second linear driving member 61 rotates upward to release the pressing on the brake back plate 1, and it will not prevent the brake back plate 1 from directly disengaging from the mounting plate 3 upward. The structure is simple, the pressing and releasing of the brake back plate 1 are convenient and reliable, and it is easy to use.

[0039] In other embodiments, the connecting rod 63 may not be provided, and the pressing block 62 is directly welded and fixed on the output end of the second linear driving member 61. By driving the output end of the second linear driving member 61 to move up and down, the pressing rod is driven to press and release the brake back plate 1.

[0040] In addition, in order to reduce the pressing damage of the pressing block 62, a bearing plate 64 is provided at the bottom of the pressing block 62. The bearing plate 64 contacts the brake back plate 1 instead of the pressing block 62, prolonging the service life of the pressing block 62, and further prolonging the service life of the fixing device of the present application. Further, a controller 7 is provided on the fixing plate 2. The controller 7 is electrically connected to both the first linear driving member 42 and the second linear driving member 61. By controlling the opening and closing of the first linear driving member 42 and the second linear driving member 61 by the controller 7, the automation degree of the fixing device of the present application can be improved, the operation difficulty of the staff can be reduced, and the production efficiency can be improved.

[0041] The implementation principle of the fixing device for the perforated workpiece in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: Before the brake bottom plate 1 is placed on the mounting plate 3, the controller 7 controls the output end of the first linear driving member 42 to move upward, so that the positioning column 41 protrudes upward from the mounting plate 3; then the brake bottom plate is sleeved on the positioning column 41 through the central mounting hole 14, the brake bottom plate 1 falls on the mounting plate 3, and then the brake bottom plate 1 is rotated so that the peripheral wall of the brake bottom plate 1 abuts against the end of the limiting rod 52, and the brake bottom plate 1 is attracted and fixed on the limiting rod 52 by the magnetic force of the limiting rod 52; then the controller 7 controls the output end of the second linear driving member 61 to move upward, driving the end of the pressing block 62 connected to the output end of the second linear driving member 61 to move upward. Due to the limitation of the connecting rod 63, the end of the pressing block 62 away from the second linear driving member 61 rotates downward, so as to press the brake bottom plate 1 on the mounting plate 3, thereby realizing the precise positioning and fixing of the brake bottom plate 1; finally, the central mounting hole 14 is finely processed and the camshaft hole 12 and the support pin hole 13 are drilled by the processing equipment. Compared with first processing the central mounting hole 14 in place and then clamping and fixing the brake bottom plate 1 to process the camshaft hole 12 and the support pin hole 13, the fixing device of the present application processes the central mounting hole 14, the camshaft hole 12 and the support pin hole 13 at one time, and the accuracy of the positional tolerance of the three is relatively high, improving the problem that it is difficult to accurately grasp the positional tolerance between the subsequently processed camshaft hole 12 and support pin hole 13 and the previously processed central mounting hole 14 during the processing of the brake bottom plate 1, which affects the quality of the brake bottom plate 1.

[0042] The above are all optional embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for fixing a workpiece with a hole, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixing plate (2), a mounting plate (3), a center positioning mechanism (4), a circumferential positioning mechanism (5) and a pressing mechanism (6), wherein the fixing plate (2) is used for being mounted on a machine tool, the mounting plate (3) is fixedly arranged on the fixing plate (2) via a cushion block (31), the center positioning mechanism (4) comprises a positioning column (41) and a first linear driving member (42), the positioning column (41) is penetrated on the mounting plate (3) in a direction perpendicular to the mounting plate (3), and the positioning column (41) is arranged on the mounting plate (3) in a direction perpendicular to the mounting plate (3). The diameter of the first linear drive member (42) is adapted to match the diameter of the central mounting hole (14) of the brake base plate (1); the first linear drive member (42) is arranged on the fixed plate (2), and the output end of the first linear drive member (42) is connected to the positioning column (41); the circumferential positioning mechanism (5) is arranged on the mounting plate (3) and is used to limit the axial rotation of the brake base plate (1) around the positioning column (41); the clamping mechanism (6) is arranged on the fixed plate (2) and is used to clamp the brake base plate (1) onto the mounting plate (3).

2. A hole-opening workpiece fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential positioning mechanism (5) comprises a fixed block (51) and a limiting rod (52); the fixed block (51) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (3); the limiting rod (52) is threadedly connected to the fixed block (51); the end of the limiting rod (52) is used to abut against the peripheral wall of the brake base plate (1); and the limiting rod (52) is a magnetic structural component.

3. A hole-opening workpiece fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (6) comprises a plurality of positioning components arranged around the axis of the positioning column (41), the positioning components comprising a second linear drive member (61) and a pressing block (62), the second linear drive member (61) being arranged on the fixed plate (2), the output end of the second linear drive member (61) moving in a direction perpendicular to the fixed plate (2), and the pressing block (62) being arranged on the output end of the second linear drive member (61).

4. A hole-opening workpiece fixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the pressure block (62) is rotatably connected to the output end of the second linear drive member (61); a connecting rod (63) is rotatably connected to the second linear drive member (61); one end of the connecting rod (63) away from the second linear drive member (61) is rotatably connected to the middle of the pressure block (62); and the pressure block (62) and the connecting rod (63) have the same swinging direction.

5. The device for fixing a workpiece having a hole according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure plate (64) is provided on the bottom wall of the pressure block (62).

6. A hole-opening workpiece fixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A controller (7) is provided on the fixed plate (2), and the controller (7) is electrically connected to the first linear drive member (42) and the second linear drive member (61).

7. The device for fixing a workpiece with a hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top periphery of the positioning column (41) is provided with a chamfer.

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