Multifunctional steelmaking smelting furnace equipment for steelmaking

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of metallurgical equipment, in particular to multifunctional steelmaking smelting furnace equipment for steelmaking, which comprises a base body, a lifting column, a conductive arm and a graphite electrode clamp, an installation cavity is arranged in the base body, a sliding channel extending from top to bottom is arranged on the top surface of the base body, and the sliding channel is communicated with the installation cavity. The lifting column is inserted into the sliding channel in a sliding mode, the bottom end of the lifting column extends into the installation cavity, the rack is arranged on the vertical guide rail of the lifting mechanism, the gear meshed with the rack and the one-way rotating damping device are installed on the supporting plate, friction damping of the graphite electrode in the descending process is achieved, the descending speed of the electrode is effectively limited through the design, and the graphite electrode is prevented from falling off. The electrode is prevented from being broken or entering the molten steel due to too fast descending, lifting of the lifting column is achieved through hydraulic lifting equipment, a one-way rotating damping mechanism is combined, the descending speed is effectively reduced while the ascending speed is guaranteed, and therefore the stability of the lifting process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of metallurgical equipment, and particularly relates to a multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking. Background Technique

[0002] The steelmaking electric arc furnace is an industrial equipment for steelmaking. Its working principle is to use the high temperature generated by the electric arc to heat and melt the furnace charge, so as to carry out the steelmaking process. Alternating current is input into the furnace through 3 graphite electrodes. An electric arc is generated between the lower end of the electrode and the metal charge, and the furnace charge is directly heated by the high temperature of the electric arc, enabling the steelmaking process to proceed.

[0003] In the above steelmaking process, the lifting of the graphite electrode is usually driven by an independent lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism usually adopts hydraulic equipment, and during the lifting operation, the rising speed should be fast to prevent short circuit during the melting period, and the descending speed should be slow to prevent the electrode from hitting the furnace charge and breaking or entering the molten steel, causing carbon increase. Therefore, the lifting mechanism of the graphite electrode plays a crucial role, which directly affects the stability of the electric arc and the efficiency of the steelmaking process.

[0004] However, the traditional lifting mechanism often does not fully consider safety factors in the design, such as the descending speed of the electrode cannot be effectively controlled in case of sudden power failure or mechanical failure. The graphite electrode is not stable enough during the descending process and cannot accurately reach the predetermined position, resulting in poor stability of the electric arc and low efficiency of the steelmaking process.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking to solve the problems of poor stability of the electric arc and low efficiency of the steelmaking process caused by the ineffective control of the descending speed of the existing lifting mechanism of the graphite electrode. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: a multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking, including a base body, a lifting column, a conductive arm and a graphite electrode clamp. An installation cavity is arranged in the base body, a hydraulic lifting cylinder is installed in the installation cavity, a support plate is installed at the top of the lifting end of the hydraulic lifting cylinder, a lifting column is installed on the upper part of the support plate, the top of the lifting column is connected to the conductive arm, a graphite electrode clamp is installed on the conductive arm, a graphite electrode is clamped on the graphite electrode clamp, and the lower part of the graphite electrode passes through the through hole on the furnace cover and enters the steelmaking furnace.

[0008] At the four corner positions of the pallet, there are corresponding pallet guiding structures. The pallet guiding structure includes four vertical guide rails. On the vertical guide rails, there are racks fixed along their running directions. The racks are meshed with gears. The gears are fixedly sleeved on gear shafts. On the gear shafts, there are one-way rotation damping devices. The one-way rotation damping device includes a housing, a fastening sleeve and a one-way rotation arm. Inside the housing, a friction body is installed. An internal gear is fixedly sleeved on the gear shaft. The internal gear is in sliding contact with the friction body. The fastening sleeve is sleeved on the gear shaft. A one-way rotation arm is installed on the outer periphery of the fastening sleeve. The one-way rotation arm controls the tightness state between the fastening sleeve and the gear shaft.

[0009] Specifically, on the top surface position of the base body, there is a sliding channel extending downward from top to bottom. The sliding channel is interconnected with the installation cavity. The lifting column is slidably inserted into the sliding channel and its bottom end extends into the installation cavity. The top end of the lifting column is fixedly connected to the conductive arm through bolts. The other end of the conductive arm is fixedly installed with a graphite electrode clamp.

[0010] Specifically, the hydraulic lifting cylinder is fixed on the base body or the furnace cover. The central position of the pallet is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting column.

[0011] Specifically, the upper and lower ends of the vertical guide rail are respectively fixedly connected to the base body and the furnace cover. On the pallet, there are guide holes. The vertical guide rail passes through the corresponding guide holes. At the edge position of the guide hole, there is a guide groove wheel fixedly installed. The guide groove wheel is in rolling contact with the vertical guide rail. On the vertical guide rail, there is a linearly extending wheel groove. The guide groove wheel is rollingly embedded in the corresponding wheel groove.

[0012] Specifically, both ends of the gear shaft are rotatably installed on the gear bracket through bearings. The gear bracket is fixedly installed on the pallet.

[0013] Specifically, the housing is fixed on the gear bracket. One end of the gear shaft passes through the port of the housing to the inner side position of the housing. On the inner wall of the housing, there is a cylindrical friction body fixedly attached. Inside the friction body, there is an internal gear. The friction body is in sliding contact with the internal gear. A fastening sleeve is sleeved on the gear shaft extending into the housing.

[0014] Specifically, the one-way rotation arm includes a fixed arm, a rotating arm, a rotating pin, a torsion spring and a limiting plate. One end of the fixed arm is fixedly connected to the fastening sleeve. The other end of the fixed arm is hinged to the rotating arm through the rotating pin. The limiting plate is fixed on the fixed arm. The end of the limiting plate is on the path of the clockwise rotation of the rotating arm. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating pin. The two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the fixed arm and the rotating arm. Under the action of the torsion spring, the fixed arm and the rotating arm are elastically spread apart to a certain angle. The end of the rotating arm is embedded in the tooth groove of the internal gear in the elastically spread state of the torsion spring.

[0015] Specifically, a pipe hole communicating with the installation cavity is correspondingly provided at the side position of the base body, and a hydraulic pipe of the hydraulic lifting cylinder passes through the pipe hole.

[0016] Specifically, a circumferential chute for partial embedding of the internal gear is provided on the friction body.

[0017] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment designed by the utility model realizes the frictional damping during the descent of the graphite electrode by arranging a rack on the vertical guide rail of the lifting mechanism and installing a gear and a one-way rotation damping device meshing with the rack on the support plate. This design effectively limits the descent speed of the electrode, preventing the electrode from breaking or entering the molten steel due to too fast descent. The lifting of the lifting column is realized by a hydraulic lifting device. Combining with the one-way rotation damping mechanism, it can effectively slow down the descent speed while ensuring the ascent speed, thus improving the stability of the lifting process. In case of emergencies such as sudden power failure or mechanical failure, the one-way rotation damping mechanism can continue to function, limiting the descent speed of the electrode, thereby ensuring the safety of operators and equipment. By precisely controlling the lifting speed of the electrode, especially during the melting period, it is possible to ensure an appropriate distance between the electrode and the furnace charge, reducing the occurrence of short-circuit phenomena, thus improving the stability and efficiency of the steelmaking process. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment installed on the furnace cover.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment installed on the furnace cover.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic installation structure diagram among the vertical guide rail, the rack and the gear.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the one-way rotation damping device.

[0023] Figure 5 It is the linkage effect of the one-way rotation arm and the internal gear Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 6 It is the linkage effect of the one-way rotation arm and the internal gear Figure 2 .

[0025] In the figure: 1 - base body; 2 - lifting column; 3 - conductive arm; 4 - graphite electrode clamp; 5 - graphite electrode; 6 - furnace cover; 7 - installation cavity; 8 - support plate; 9 - hydraulic lifting cylinder; 10 - vertical guide rail; 11 - guide groove wheel; 12 - rack; 13 - gear support; 14 - gear; 15 - housing; 16 - gear shaft; 17 - friction body; 18 - internal gear; 19 - one-way rotating arm; 20 - fixed arm; 21 - rotating arm; 22 - limit plate; 23 - wheel groove. Specific implementation manner

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be further described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the assembly schematic diagram between the present device and the furnace cover and the partial cross-sectional view of the present device are shown. In this embodiment, a multifunctional steelmaking furnace device for steelmaking includes a base body 1, a lifting column 2, a conductive arm 3, and a graphite electrode clamp 4. The base body 1 serves as the main support part of the entire lifting mechanism, and the base body 1 is fixedly connected to the furnace cover 6 of the electric arc furnace through bolts.

[0028] An installation cavity 7 is provided inside the base body 1. At the same time, a sliding channel extending from top to bottom is opened at the top surface position of the base body 1, and the sliding channel is in communication with the installation cavity 7; the lifting column 2 is slidably inserted into the sliding channel and its bottom end extends into the installation cavity 7, and the sliding channel plays a role in guiding the sliding of the lifting column 2.

[0029] The top end of the lifting column 2 is fixedly connected to the conductive arm 3 through bolts. A wire groove for burying cables is provided inside the conductive arm 3. A graphite electrode clamp 4 is fixedly installed at one end of the conductive arm 3. The graphite electrode 5 is clamped and fixed by the graphite electrode clamp 4. At the same time, the graphite electrode 5 also needs to be connected to the cable inside the conductive arm 3 to achieve power-on. The lifting of the graphite electrode 5 can be driven by the lifting of the lifting column 2. By opening a through hole on the furnace cover 6 of the electric arc furnace, the graphite electrode 5 is aligned with the through hole up and down, and the lifting of the graphite electrode 5 can enter and exit the electric arc furnace through the through hole.

[0030] The lifting of the lifting column 2 is realized by a hydraulic lifting device in this embodiment. A hydraulic lifting cylinder 9 is provided in the installation cavity 7. The hydraulic lifting cylinder 9 is fixed on the base body 1 or the furnace cover 6. During operation, the hydraulic lifting cylinder 9 also needs to be connected to an external hydraulic station through pipelines. A pipeline hole communicating with the installation cavity 7 is correspondingly provided at the side position of the base body 1, and the hydraulic pipeline of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 9 passes through the pipeline hole. The lifting end of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 9 is connected with a support plate 8 through bolts and flanges. The center position of the support plate 8 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the lifting column 2 through bolts and flanges. Therefore, during the lifting and lowering process of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 9, the support plate 8 is driven to move, and the support plate 8 lifts the lifting column 2 to realize the up and down lifting of the lifting column 2.

[0031] In order to ensure the balance and stability of the support plate 8 during lifting, a support plate guiding structure is correspondingly arranged at the four corner positions of the support plate 8. The support plate guiding structure is composed of four vertical guide rails 10. The upper and lower ends of the vertical guide rails 10 are respectively fixedly connected with the base body 1 and the furnace cover 6. Guide holes are opened on the support plate 8, and guide groove wheels 11 are fixedly installed at the edge positions of the guide holes. The vertical guide rails 10 pass through the corresponding guide holes, and the guide groove wheels 11 are in rolling contact with the vertical guide rails 10. By using the rolling guide between the guide groove wheels 11 and the vertical guide rails 10, the stability of the support plate 8 during lifting is improved.

[0032] As Figure 3 - Figure 6 shown, the device introduces a one-way rotation damping mechanism, so that the graphite electrode 5 is subject to a certain frictional damping when descending. Specifically, a rack 12 having the same direction as the vertical guide rail 10 is fixed on the vertical guide rail 10. A gear 14 is meshed with the rack 12. The gear 14 is fixedly sleeved on the gear shaft 16. The two ends of the gear shaft 16 are rotatably installed on the gear bracket 13 through bearings. The gear bracket 13 is fixedly installed on the support plate 8. Since the support plate 8 moves up and down relative to the vertical guide rail 10, at this time, because the rack 12 is meshed with the gear 14, the lifting and lowering of the support plate 8 can be converted into the positive and negative rotation of the gear 14.

[0033] Based on this, a one-way rotation damping device corresponding to the gear 14 is provided. The one-way rotation damping device includes a housing 15. The housing 15 is fixed on the gear bracket 13. At the same time, one end of the gear shaft 16 passes through the port of the housing 15 to the inner side position of the housing 15; a cylindrical friction body 17 is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the housing 15, and an internal gear 18 is arranged at the inner side position of the friction body 17, that is, the teeth are on the inner circle; the friction body 17 is in sliding contact with the internal gear 18, and there is relative frictional force between the two.

[0034] A fastening sleeve is sleeved on the gear shaft 16 extending into the casing 15. A plurality of one-way rotating arms 19 are circumferentially installed on the fastening sleeve. The one-way rotating arm 19 is composed of a fixed arm 20, a rotating arm 21, a rotating pin, a torsion spring and a limiting plate 22. One end of the fixed arm 20 is fixedly connected to the fastening sleeve, and the other end of the fixed arm 20 is hinged to the rotating arm 21 through the rotating pin; the limiting plate 22 is fixed on the fixed arm 20, and the end of the limiting plate 22 is on the path of the clockwise rotation of the rotating arm 21; when the rotating arm 21 rotates clockwise by a certain angle and contacts the limiting plate 22, the rotation of the gear shaft 16 is restricted in this way.

[0035] At the same time, a torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating pin. The two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the fixed arm 20 and the rotating arm 21. Under the action of the torsion spring, the fixed arm 20 and the rotating arm 21 are elastically spread apart to a certain angle. In the elastically spread state, the end of the rotating arm 21 is embedded in the tooth groove of the internal gear 18. At this time, if the gear shaft 16 is in the clockwise rotation state, it drives the fastening sleeve to rotate, and similarly makes the one-way rotating arm 19 perform a clockwise circular rotation. Since the end of the rotating arm 21 is embedded in the tooth groove of the internal gear 18, under the action of the resistance, the rotating arm 21 deflects counterclockwise and disengages from the tooth groove of the internal gear 18. At this time, the one-way rotating arm 19 has no linkage effect on the internal gear 18, and the gear shaft 16 rotates normally.

[0036] When the gear shaft 16 is in the counterclockwise rotation state, it drives the fastening sleeve to rotate, and similarly makes the one-way rotating arm 19 perform a counterclockwise circular rotation. Then, under the action of the resistance, the rotating arm 21 deflects clockwise. When the rotating arm 21 rotates clockwise by a certain angle, it is restricted by the limiting plate 22 and cannot continue to deflect, resulting in its inability to disengage from the tooth groove of the internal gear 18. In this way, the one-way rotating arm 19 has a linkage effect on the internal gear 18, enabling the internal gear 18 to also perform a circular rotation. The frictional damping effect generated between the internal gear 18 and the friction body 17 restricts the rotation speed of the gear shaft 16, and then restricts the descending speed of the support plate 8.

[0037] In order to enable the vertical guide rail 10 to form a guiding effect with the guide grooved wheel 11, a linearly extending wheel groove 23 is provided on the vertical guide rail 10, and the guide grooved wheel 11 is rollingly embedded in the corresponding wheel groove 23.

[0038] In order to make the relative rotation between the friction body 17 and the internal gear 18 stable, a circumferential chute for partial embedding of the internal gear 18 is provided on the friction body 17, and the circumferential chute is used to prevent the internal gear 18 from changing its position relative to the friction body 17.

[0039] The working principle of the present utility model is as follows: In this solution, the hydraulic lifting equipment is used to drive the lifting of the lifting column 2, thereby driving the lifting of the graphite electrode 5. The hydraulic lifting cylinder 9 is connected to an external hydraulic station through a hydraulic pipeline to provide the force required for lifting. During the lifting process, in order to ensure stability and balance, a pallet guiding structure is adopted, including a vertical guide rail 10 and a guiding groove wheel 11.

[0040] When it is necessary to quickly lift the graphite electrode 5, the hydraulic lifting cylinder 9 quickly operates, obtains high-pressure hydraulic oil from the external hydraulic station through the hydraulic pipeline, and drives the pallet 8 and the lifting column 2 to quickly rise. Since the one-way rotating arm 19 will not be linked with the internal gear 18 when the gear shaft 16 rotates clockwise, no additional damping will be added, thus ensuring a quick rise.

[0041] When it is necessary to slowly lower the graphite electrode 5, the hydraulic lifting cylinder 9 gradually releases pressure, and the pallet 8 and the lifting column 2 start to descend. At this time, the gear shaft 16 rotates counterclockwise, and the rotating arm 21 of the one-way rotating arm 19 is embedded in the tooth groove of the internal gear 18 and cannot continue to deflect due to the limitation of the limiting plate 22. Therefore, the one-way rotating arm 19 plays a linkage role on the internal gear 18, enabling the internal gear 18 to also perform a circular rotation. The sliding contact and relative frictional force between the internal gear 18 and the friction body 17 produce a frictional damping effect, restricting the rotation speed of the gear shaft 16, thereby restricting the descending speed of the pallet 8 and the lifting column 2, and realizing a slow descent.

[0042] The present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Anyone should know that structural changes made under the inspiration of the present utility model, as long as they have the same or similar technical solutions as the present utility model, all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0043] The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in the present utility model are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking, characterized in that: It includes a base body, a lifting column, a conductive arm and a graphite electrode clamp. The base body is provided with an installation cavity, a hydraulic lifting cylinder is installed in the installation cavity, a support plate is installed on the top of the lifting end of the hydraulic lifting cylinder, a lifting column is installed on the upper part of the support plate, the top of the lifting column is connected to the conductive arm, a graphite electrode clamp is installed on the conductive arm, the graphite electrode clamp is used to clamp the graphite electrode, and the lower part of the graphite electrode passes through the through hole on the furnace cover and enters the steelmaking furnace; A pallet guide structure is provided corresponding to the four corners of the pallet, and the pallet guide structure includes four vertical guide rails, on which racks with the same direction as the vertical guide rails are fixed, and the racks are meshed with gears, and the gears are fixedly mounted on the gear shaft, and the gear shaft is provided with a one-way rotation damping device, which includes a casing, a fastening sleeve and a one-way rotation arm, a friction body is installed in the casing, an internal gear is fixedly mounted on the gear shaft, the internal gear is in sliding contact with the friction body, the fastening sleeve is mounted on the gear shaft, and a one-way rotation arm is installed on the outer periphery of the fastening sleeve, and the one-way rotation arm controls the tightness between the fastening sleeve and the gear shaft.

2. The multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding channel extending from top to bottom is provided on the top surface of the base body, the sliding channel and the mounting cavity are communicated with each other, the lifting column is slidably inserted into the sliding channel and the bottom end extends into the mounting cavity, the top end of the lifting column is fixedly connected to the conductive arm by bolts, and a graphite electrode clamp is fixedly installed on the other end of the conductive arm.

3. The multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic lifting cylinder is fixed on the base body or the furnace cover, and the center position of the support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting column.

4. The multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the vertical guide rail are fixedly connected to the base body and the furnace cover respectively. A guide hole is opened on the support plate, and the vertical guide rail passes through the corresponding guide hole. A guide groove wheel is fixedly installed at the edge of the guide hole. The guide groove wheel is in rolling contact with the vertical guide rail. A linearly extending wheel groove is provided on the vertical guide rail, and the guide groove wheel is rollingly embedded in the corresponding wheel groove.

5. The multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the gear shaft are rotatably mounted on the gear bracket through bearings, and the gear bracket is fixedly mounted on the supporting plate.

6. The multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking according to claim 5, characterized in that: The casing is fixed on the gear bracket, one end of the gear shaft passes through the port of the casing to the inner side of the casing, a cylindrical friction body is fixed on the inner wall of the casing, an internal gear is arranged on the inner side of the friction body, the friction body and the internal gear are in sliding contact, and a fastening sleeve is mounted on the gear shaft extending into the casing.

7. The multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way rotating arm includes a fixed arm, a rotating arm, a rotating pin, a torsion spring and a limit plate. One end of the fixed arm is fixedly connected to the fastening sleeve, and the other end of the fixed arm is hinged to the rotating arm through the rotating pin. The limit plate is fixed to the fixed arm, and the end of the limit plate is located on the path of the rotating arm rotating in the clockwise direction. A torsion spring is mounted on the rotating pin, and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the fixed arm and the rotating arm. Under the action of the torsion spring, the fixed arm and the rotating arm are elastically expanded to a certain angle, and the end of the rotating arm is embedded in the tooth groove of the internal gear when the torsion spring is in the elastically expanded state.

8. The multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pipeline hole communicating with the installation cavity is correspondingly provided at the side position of the base body, and a hydraulic pipeline of the hydraulic lifting cylinder passes through the pipeline hole.

9. The multifunctional steelmaking furnace equipment for steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction body is provided with a circumferential sliding groove for partial embedding of the internal gear.

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