Solid particle cooler

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of chemical gas-solid reaction heat exchange cooling equipment, and particularly relates to a solid particle cooler which comprises a shell, a heat exchange tube mounting section, a heat exchange tube, a fluidizing gas distributor, a mounting and overhauling flange and the like, the heat exchange pipe consists of a cooling medium inlet pipe and a heat transfer pipe outside the cooling medium inlet pipe; the heat exchange tube installation section is composed of a transition section, a top sealing head and other multi-sealing-head structures. The heat exchange tube is mounted on the top sealing head, the transition section or the shell; edges and corners of the fins of the heat exchange tubes are clear, or the edges and the corners are provided with smooth fillets, or the cross sections of the fins are conical; an outlet tee joint is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchange tube to form a butt welding structure to increase strength; a plurality of layers of cooling medium side outlets are formed in the side wall of a cooling medium inlet pipe, a smooth transition arc is arranged at an outlet three-way pulling head on the upper portion of a heat exchange pipe, and structures with different curvature radiuses and the like are arranged at bent pipes of an inner pipe and an outer pipe of the heat exchange pipe, so that water vapor flowing resistance is reduced, and abrasion to the heat exchange pipe is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, and is used for heat exchange and cooling of solid particles, especially for generating steam by using the waste heat of solid particles, and particularly relates to a solid particle cooler for a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a pulverized coal unit or a methanol-to-olefins (MTO) unit in the petrochemical industry. Background Art

[0002] In the processes of coal processing and chemical industry, there are a large number of requirements for heat exchange and cooling of solid particles. For example, for coal pyrolysis semi-coke, fluid catalytic cracking or methanol-to-olefins (MTO) catalysts, heat is often removed by setting up a solid particle cooler to realize the cooling of solid particles or maintain the temperature.

[0003] Existing coolers use the waste heat of solid particles to produce low-pressure or medium-pressure steam, and the waste heat cannot be fully utilized, resulting in low efficiency. With the further implementation of "energy conservation and consumption reduction, cost reduction and efficiency improvement", the transformation of energy conservation and carbon reduction will be accelerated, and the optimization of the energy system will be implemented; the cooler exchanges heat to produce high-pressure steam, increasing the heat exchange efficiency and reducing heat consumption, but higher requirements are also imposed on the strength and safety of the cooler equipment.

[0004] In the heat exchange tube structure of the existing cooler, the flow resistance of water vapor inside is relatively large. However, in the past, low-pressure or medium-pressure steam was produced, and no major problems occurred. If high-pressure steam is produced, with the same two-phase resistance and linear velocity of water vapor, it will cause greater wear to the heat exchange tubes, affecting the service life of the heat exchange tubes.

[0005] To sum up, the existing cooler structure cannot meet the working conditions of producing high-pressure steam. On the basis of the existing technology, the utility model proposes a solid particle cooler, whose heat exchange tube structure can solve the problems of the strength, safety of the equipment under the working conditions of producing high-pressure steam and the wear of the heat exchange tubes; at the same time, the structure is optimized in terms of the inconvenient maintenance of the previous heat exchange tubes and the reduction of the wear and breakage of solid particles, especially catalysts. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a solid particle cooler whose heat exchange tubes can be applied to high-pressure working conditions to produce high-pressure steam, reduce the flow resistance of water vapor, facilitate maintenance, and reduce the wear of solid particles. Its further purpose is to improve efficiency.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0008] A solid particle cooler includes a shell and a heat exchange tube installation section at the upper part. Heat exchange tubes and a fluidization medium distributor are arranged inside the shell; the shell and the heat exchange tube installation section are connected by a flange A;

[0009] A solid particle inlet pipe is provided at the upper part of the shell, and the fluidization medium distributor is located at the bottom of the shell;

[0010] The heat exchange tubes are vertically arranged in the shell. There is one or more than one circle of heat exchange tubes arranged along the circumference, or one or more than one row of heat exchange tubes arranged in the shell, and two or more are arranged in each circle or row.

[0011] The upper part of the heat exchange tubes is installed on the heat exchange tube installation section and passes through the heat exchange tube installation section, or part of the heat exchange tubes are installed on the side wall of the shell and the rest are installed on the heat exchange tube installation section.

[0012] The heat exchange tubes are in the form of a sleeve, vertically arranged, and are provided with a cooling medium inlet tube and an external heat transfer tube. In specific implementation, the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes can be smooth or provided with fins, specifically determined by the heat extraction amount. When the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes is provided with fins, the fins are longitudinally arranged on the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes; the fins are long fins or short fins; when two or more rows of fins are provided, the adjacent two rows of fins are arranged staggeredly.

[0013] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, further, the heat exchange tube installation section is of a single head structure, with only one top head provided, and the heat exchange tubes are installed on the top head; or, the heat exchange tube installation section is of a double head structure, consisting of a transition section located at the upper part of the shell and a top head at its top, and the transition section and the top head are connected by a flange B, dividing the heat exchange tubes into two groups.

[0014] Furthermore, when the heat exchange tube installation section is of a double head structure, either the transition section has a cone, or the transition section has a cone and a lower straight cylinder, and the diameter of the upper flange B is smaller than the diameter of the lower flange A, or, the transition section is a straight cylinder, and the diameters of the two pairs of flanges, flange B and flange A, are the same. When the heat exchange tube installation section is of a double head structure and the transition section has a cone, part of the heat exchange tubes are installed on the top head, and part of the heat exchange tubes are installed on the cone of the transition section; or, the heat exchange tubes can be installed on the straight cylinder of the transition section or on the side wall of the shell.

[0015] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, preferably, an outlet three-way is provided at the upper part of the heat exchange tubes. Specifically, the outlet three-way is located at the upper outlet position of the heat transfer tube of the heat exchange tubes, and the cooling medium flows out through the outlet three-way after being heated; the outlet three-way adopts an integral forging or a pull-head type.

[0016] The outlet three-way can be a right-angle three-way, that is, the pulling direction is perpendicular to the main pipe of the outlet three-way, or the outlet three-way can be an α-angle three-way, that is, the pulling direction forms an α angle with the main pipe of the outlet three-way, and α is greater than 10° and less than 90°.

[0017] The extraction head height h and the extraction head thickness S2 of the outlet tee are set according to uniform and smooth rules, meeting the requirements of the joint strength and the use environment. An arc with a radius of curvature R3 is set at the extraction head, and this arc has a smooth transition to effectively reduce the resistance of the two-phase water vapor and overcome the defect that the extraction head height and the extraction head thickness of the previous outlet tee are arranged unevenly and with wrinkles, thus affecting the flow of the water vapor medium.

[0018] After passing through the extraction head, the connection between the outlet tee and the outside of the heat exchange tube is a butt-weld structure to improve the strength and use safety.

[0019] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, preferably, multiple layers of cooling medium side outlets are arranged vertically on the side wall of the cooling medium inlet tube; the cooling medium side outlets communicate with the gap between the cooling medium inlet tube and the heat transfer tube, so that the cooling medium enters the gap between the cooling medium inlet tube and the heat transfer tube through the bottom of the cooling medium inlet tube or the cooling medium side outlets respectively.

[0020] The diameter of the cooling medium side outlet is φd, and the heights of the cooling medium side outlets are H1, H2, H3~HN in sequence, so as to adjust the flow linear velocity and resistance of the heated cooling medium by adjusting the number of layers of the cooling medium side outlets, the height of the cooling medium side outlets, and the diameter of the cooling medium side outlets.

[0021] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, preferably, when the heat exchange tube is bent, the cooling medium inlet tube is provided with an inner bend radius of curvature R4, and the heat transfer tube is provided with an outer bend radius of curvature R5, so as to adjust the gap and radian between the inner and outer bend tubes by the sizes of the inner bend radius of curvature R4 and the outer bend radius of curvature R5, and then adjust the flow linear velocity and resistance of the heated cooling medium to minimize the resistance of the water vapor flow.

[0022] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, preferably, when the outer wall of the heat exchange tube is provided with fins, the cross-section of the fins is rectangular with distinct edges or corners;

[0023] Or, smooth rounded corners R1 are set at the edges of the fins, and smooth rounded corners R2 are set at the edges;

[0024] Or, the cross-section of the fins is conical, and the thickness gradually increases towards the heat exchange tube.

[0025] Furthermore, the connection between the fins and the heat transfer tube is welding, or the fins are directly roll-formed on the heat transfer tube.

[0026] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, further, sleeves are provided at the connection of each heat exchange tube and the heat exchange tube installation section or the side wall of the housing 1.

[0027] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, further, a cooling medium outlet pipe is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchange tube. The cooling medium outlet pipe and the heat exchange tube are fixed by a socket welding structure to meet the use in the occasions where the operating pressure of the heat exchange tube is medium or low pressure.

[0028] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, further, a water inlet manifold is arranged at the cooling medium inlet at the upper part of the heat exchange tube, and a steam production manifold with the same number of groups is arranged at the cooling medium outlet. The water inlet manifold and the steam production manifold are grouped in the same way, and the heat exchange tubes are assembled into several groups, reducing the steam and water pipelines between the heat exchange tubes and the steam-liquid separator, facilitating the equipment space layout and reducing the cost.

[0029] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, further, lifting lugs are respectively arranged on the shell and the installation section of the heat exchange tube to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the equipment.

[0030] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, further, a solid particle circulating conveying pipe is arranged inside the shell. The lower part of the pipe is placed vertically inside the shell, and the upper part is placed obliquely inside the solid particle inlet pipe.

[0031] For the above-mentioned solid particle cooler, further, a solid particle outlet pipe is arranged at the lower part of the shell.

[0032] The solid particle cooler of the present utility model can meet the following multiple operating conditions:

[0033] High-temperature solid particles or powder enter the solid particle cooler through the solid particle inlet pipe. The hot solid particles in the solid particle cooler are in a fluidized state under the action of gas and are cooled by the heat exchange pipes. The cooling medium enters the gap between the heat exchange pipes through the bottom of the cooling medium inlet pipe or the side outlet of the cooling medium, is heated in the heat exchange pipes, and flows out through the cooling medium outlet pipe or the outlet three-way. The solid particle cooler is connected to the reactor or regenerator through the solid particle inlet pipe. The low-temperature solid particles or powder in the solid particle cooler can freely return to the reactor or regenerator from the solid particle inlet pipe through pressure balance. Or, the low-temperature solid particles return to the reactor or regenerator through the solid particle circulation and conveying pipe arranged inside the shell. Or, the low-temperature solid particles return to the reactor or regenerator through the solid particle outlet pipe arranged at the bottom of the shell. An equal amount of high-temperature solid particles enter the solid particle cooler from the solid particle inlet pipe to complete the cyclic continuous heat exchange. The above three solid particle circulation methods are determined according to the overall layout of the device, the solid particle circulation amount, and the heat extraction load range. Two fluidizing air inlet pipes are arranged at the lower part of the shell of the solid particle cooler, and each fluidizing air inlet pipe is connected to a fluidizing medium distributor. When the required load is lower than 30% of the design value, one fluidizing medium distributor is started. When the required load is greater than 70% of the design value, the two fluidizing medium distributors are started simultaneously. Thus, the solid particle cooler of the present utility model has a wide heat extraction load range, large device operation flexibility, and more sensitive regulation.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the solid particle cooler of the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The solid particle cooler of the present utility model can be applied to high-pressure working conditions to produce high-pressure steam, increase the heat exchange efficiency, and improve the strength and safety of the equipment at the same time;

[0036] 2. Reduce the water vapor flow resistance inside the heat exchange pipes and extend the service life of the heat exchange pipes;

[0037] 3. Through the three circulation methods of solid particles or powder and the adjustment of the fluidizing medium distributor, it has a wide heat extraction load range and large device operation flexibility;

[0038] 4. Reduce the wear of solid particles or powder and reduce the consumption. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the first specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection sleeve and connection method between the heat exchange pipe and the heat exchange pipe installation section;

[0041] Figure 3 For Figure 1Partial enlarged view of the heat exchange tubes;

[0042] Figure 4 is Figure 3 View A-A in [the figure];

[0043] Figure 5 is a detailed connection drawing of the cooling medium outlet pipe and the heat exchange tubes;

[0044] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0045] Figure 7 is Figure 6 Partial enlarged view of the heat exchange tubes in [the figure];

[0046] Figure 8 is Figure 7 View B-B in [the figure];

[0047] Figure 9 is a detailed connection drawing of a right-angle tee and the heat exchange tubes;

[0048] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the third specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0049] Figure 11 is Figure 10 Partial enlarged view of the heat exchange tubes in [the figure];

[0050] Figure 12 is Figure 11 View C-C in [the figure];

[0051] Figure 13 is a detailed connection drawing of an α-angle tee and the heat exchange tubes;

[0052] Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0053] In the figure: 1. Housing, 11. Flange A, 12. Solid particle inlet pipe, 13. Lining, 14. Solid particle outlet pipe, 2. Heat exchange tube installation section, 21. Top head, 22. Transition section, 221. Cone, 222. Straight tube, 23. Sleeve, 24. Flange B, 25. Lifting lug, 3. Heat exchange tube, 31. Cooling medium inlet pipe, 32. Heat transfer tube, 33. Cooling medium outlet pipe, 34. Fins, 35. Outlet tee, 36. Inlet header, 37. Steam generation header, 4. Fluidization medium distributor, 5. Solid particle circulating conveying pipe, R1. Fillet at the fin edge, R2. Fillet at the fin corner, R3. Curvature radius at the outlet tee nipple, L. Length of the outlet tee, S1. Thickness of the main pipe of the outlet tee, S2. Thickness of the nipple (of the outlet tee), h. Height of the nipple (of the outlet tee), α. Angle of the outlet tee, R4. Curvature radius of the inner bend of the cooling medium inlet pipe, R5. Curvature radius of the outer bend of the heat transfer tube, φd. Outlet diameter on the cooling medium side, H1\H2\H3. Outlet height on the cooling medium side. Specific implementation mode

[0054] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes, aiming to help readers understand the characteristics and essence of the present utility model. However, the content of the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes does not limit the scope of implementation of the present utility model.

[0055] Implementation mode 1:

[0056] As Figure 1 shown, a solid particle cooler includes a housing 1 and a heat exchange tube installation section 2 at the upper part, and a heat exchange tube 3 and a fluidization medium distributor 4 are arranged inside; the housing 1 and the upper heat exchange tube installation section 2 are connected through a flange A 11; a solid particle inlet pipe 12 is provided at the upper part of the housing 1, the fluidization medium distributor 4 is located at the bottom of the housing 1, the heat exchange tube 3 is vertically arranged in the housing 1. Specifically, in implementation, the heat exchange tubes can be arranged in one or more circles along the circumference, or the heat exchange tubes 3 can be arranged in one or more rows in the housing 1, and two or more are arranged in each circle or each row. The upper part of the heat exchange tube 3 is installed on the heat exchange tube installation section 2 and penetrates through the heat exchange tube installation section 2;

[0057] The heat exchange tube installation section 2 is of a single-head structure, and only a top head 21 is provided, and the heat exchange tube 3 is installed on the top head 21;

[0058] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, a sleeve 23 is provided at the connection between each heat exchange tube 3 and the heat exchange tube installation section 2. The sleeve 23 has two functions. One is that after the heat exchange tube 3 is damaged, the heat exchange tube 3 can be taken out and replaced separately without damaging the lining 13 of the heat exchange tube installation section 2 and the shell 1. This is both convenient and safe. The other is that the sleeve 23 plays an elastic support role for the heat exchange tube 3 to prevent the force concentration at the welded joint of the heat exchange tube installation section 2 from causing fracture. During specific implementation, the heat exchange tube 3 can be taken out or installed as a whole with the heat exchange tube installation section 2 for replacement, or can be taken out and replaced individually from the sleeve 23, which is convenient for maintenance;

[0059] As Figure 3 、 4 As shown in FIG. 5, the heat exchange tube 3 is in the form of a sleeve and is vertically arranged, and is provided with a cooling medium inlet tube 31 and an external heat transfer tube 32. The outer wall of the heat exchange tube 3 can be smooth or can be provided with fins 34, which is specifically determined by the heat extraction amount. In this embodiment, the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 3 is provided with fins 34; the fins 34 are longitudinally arranged on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 3, with more than one row arranged. The fins 34 are divided into long fins and short fins, which are composed of staggered arrangement of adjacent two rows. The cross section of the fins 34 is rectangular, with distinct edges or corners;

[0060] The connection between the fin 34 and the heat transfer tube 32 can be welding, or the fin 34 can be directly rolled and formed on the heat transfer tube 32. In this embodiment, the connection between the fin 34 and the heat transfer tube 32 is welding;

[0061] A cooling medium outlet tube 33 is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchange tube 3. The cooling medium outlet tube 33 is fixed to the heat exchange tube 3 by the socket welding structure as shown in the figure. This structure of the heat exchange tube is preferably applied to the occasions with medium and low operating pressures. In this embodiment, the solid particle cooler generates 4.5 MPa medium pressure steam; the solid particle cooler is connected to an external reactor or regenerator through a solid particle inlet tube 12. High-temperature solid particles or powders enter the solid particle cooler through the solid particle inlet tube 12. The hot solid particles are cooled by the heat exchange tube 3 in a fluidized state under the action of gas, and the low-temperature solid particles or powders freely return to the reactor or regenerator from the solid particle inlet tube 12 through pressure balance.

[0062] Embodiment 2:

[0063] As Figure 6As shown in the figure, there is a solid particle cooler with another structure, which includes a shell 1 and a heat exchange tube installation section 2 at the upper part. Inside, there are heat exchange tubes 3, a fluidization medium distributor 4, and a catalyst circulation conveying pipe 5. The shell 1 and the upper heat exchange tube installation section 2 are connected by a flange A 11. There is a solid particle inlet pipe 12 at the upper part of the shell 1. The fluidization medium distributor 4 is located at the bottom of the shell 1. The lower part of the solid particle circulation conveying pipe 5 is placed vertically inside the shell 1, and the upper part is placed obliquely inside the solid particle inlet pipe 12. The heat exchange tubes 3 are placed vertically inside the shell 1, arranged in a circle or more than one circle along the circumference. The upper part of the heat exchange tubes 3 is installed on the heat exchange tube installation section 2 and passes through the heat exchange tube installation section 2.

[0064] The heat exchange tube installation section 2 is of a double-head or multi-head structure. In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube installation section 2 is of a double-head structure, which consists of a transition section 22 at the upper part of the shell and a top head 21 at its top. The transition section 22 and the top head 21 are connected by a flange B 24, dividing the heat exchange tubes 3 into two groups.

[0065] The transition section 22 has a cone 221, and the diameter of the upper flange B 24 is smaller than that of the flange A 11. Some of the heat exchange tubes 3 are installed on the top head 21, and some are installed on the cone 221 of the transition section 22. Since only some of the heat exchange tubes 3 are installed on the top head 21, the hoisting weight during maintenance is greatly reduced. During maintenance, only the top head 21 needs to be removed, and the other damaged heat exchange tubes 3 can be taken out one by one from the openings in the transition section 22.

[0066] As Figure 7 、 8 、9 shows, the heat exchange tubes 3 are in the form of sleeves, placed vertically, with a cooling medium inlet pipe 31 and an external heat transfer tube 32. There are fins 34 on the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes 3. The fins 34 are arranged longitudinally on the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes 3, arranged in more than one row. The fins 34 are divided into long fins and short fins, which are composed of staggered arrangements of adjacent two rows. The edges of the fins 34 are provided with smooth rounded corners R1, and the edges are provided with smooth rounded corners R2. Specifically, in implementation, the smooth rounded corner R1 is generally 1 - 10 mm, and the smooth rounded corner R2 is generally 4 - 10 mm, which is determined by the designer according to the implementation conditions. This structure is preferably applied to methanol-to-hydrocarbon plants (MTO plants). Since the catalyst in such plants is expensive, this structure can effectively reduce catalyst wear and reduce catalyst consumption.

[0067] As Figure 9As shown in the figure, an outlet tee 35 is provided at the upper part of the heat exchange tube 3. After the cooling medium is heated, it flows out through the outlet tee 35. The outlet tee 35 adopts an integral forging or a nipple type. The nipple direction of the outlet tee 35 is perpendicular to the main pipe, which is a right-angle tee. The nipple height h and the nipple thickness S2 of the outlet tee 35 should be uniform and smooth, meeting the requirements of the connection strength and the use environment. An arc with a radius of curvature R3 is provided at the nipple. This arc has a smooth transition, which can effectively reduce the resistance of the vapor-liquid two-phase. After passing through the nipple, the outlet tee 35 and the heat exchange tube 3 are fixed by the butt-weld structure shown in Figure 9, improving the strength and safety. This structure of the heat exchange tube can be applied to occasions with high or sub-high operating pressures. In this embodiment, the solid particle cooler can produce high-pressure steam of 11 MPa, increasing the heat exchange efficiency and improving the benefits. The solid particle cooler is connected to an external reactor or regenerator through the solid particle inlet pipe 12. High-temperature solid particles or powders enter the solid particle cooler through the solid particle inlet pipe 12. The hot solid particles are cooled by the heat exchange tube 3 in a fluidized state under the action of gas. The low-temperature solid particles are returned to the reactor or regenerator through the solid particle circulation and transportation pipe 5. An equal amount of high-temperature solid particles enter the solid particle cooler from the solid particle inlet pipe 12, realizing continuous cyclic heat exchange.

[0068] Embodiment 3:

[0069] As Figure 10 shown, a solid particle cooler includes a housing 1 and an upper heat exchange tube installation section 2, and a heat exchange tube 3, a fluidizing medium distributor 4, and a solid particle circulation and transportation pipe 5 are arranged inside it. The housing 1 and the upper heat exchange tube installation section 2 are connected by a flange A 11. The upper part of the housing 1 is provided with a solid particle inlet pipe 12. The fluidizing medium distributor 4 is located at the bottom of the housing 1. The lower part of the solid particle circulation and transportation pipe 5 is placed vertically inside the housing 1, and the upper part is placed obliquely inside the solid particle inlet pipe 12. The heat exchange tube 3 is placed vertically inside the housing 1, arranged in one or more circles along the circumference, or the heat exchange tube 3 is arranged in one or more rows inside the housing 1, with two or more arranged in each circle or row. The upper part of the heat exchange tube 3 is installed on the heat exchange tube installation section 2 and passes through the heat exchange tube installation section 2.

[0070] The heat exchange tube installation section 2 has a double-head structure, consisting of a transition section 22 at the upper part of the housing and a top head 21 at its top. The transition section 22 and the top head 21 are connected by a flange B 24, dividing the heat exchange tube 3 into two groups. The transition section 22 has a cone 221 and a lower straight cylinder 222. The diameter of the upper flange B 24 is smaller than the diameter of the flange A 11. Part of the heat exchange tube 3 is installed on the top head 21, and part of the heat exchange tube 3 is installed on the cone 221 and the straight cylinder 222 of the transition section 22.

[0071] Lifting lugs 25 are respectively provided on the housing 1 and the heat exchange tube installation section 2 to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the equipment.

[0072] As Figure 11 , 12 shown in FIGS. 13, the heat exchange tube 3 is in the form of a sleeve and is vertically arranged. It is provided with a cooling medium inlet tube 31 and an external heat transfer tube 32. The outer wall of the heat exchange tube 3 is provided with fins 34; the fins 34 are longitudinally arranged on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 3, with more than one row arranged. The fins 34 are divided into long fins and short fins, which are composed of staggered arrangements of adjacent two rows. The cross-section of the fins 34 is conical, and the thickness gradually increases towards the heat exchange tube 3; the fins 34 are directly roll-formed on the heat transfer tube 32;

[0073] An outlet tee 35 is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchange tube 3. After the cooling medium is heated, it flows out through the outlet tee 35. The outlet tee 35 adopts an integral forging or a socket type; as Figure 13 shown, the socket direction of the outlet tee 35 forms an angle α with the main pipe, which is a tee with an angle α. The angle α is greater than 10° and less than 90°. The socket height h and the socket thickness S2 of the outlet tee 35 are uniform and smooth. An arc with a radius of curvature R3 is provided at the socket. The arc is smoothly transitioned to effectively reduce the resistance of the water-vapor two-phase. After socketing, the fixing of the outlet tee 35 and the heat exchange tube 3 adopts the butt welding structure as Figure 13 shown; the heat exchange tube of this structure can produce high-pressure steam of 11 MPa;

[0074] When the heat exchange tube 3 is provided with a bend, as Figure 11 shown, the cooling medium inlet tube 31 is provided with an inner bend radius of curvature R4, and the heat transfer tube 32 is provided with an outer bend radius of curvature R5. By changing the sizes of the inner bend radius of curvature R4 and the outer bend radius of curvature R5, the gap and the radian between the inner and outer bends are adjusted to adjust the flow linear velocity and the resistance of the heated cooling medium, so as to minimize the resistance of the water-vapor flow to the greatest extent and achieve the minimum flow resistance;

[0075] A plurality of upper and lower layers of cooling medium side outlets are arranged on the side wall of the cooling medium inlet tube 31, as Figure 11 shown. The diameter of the cooling medium side outlet is φd. The cooling medium side outlet communicates with the gap between the cooling medium inlet tube 31 and the heat transfer tube 32, and the cooling medium can enter the gap between the cooling medium inlet tube 31 and the heat transfer tube 32 through the bottom of the cooling medium inlet tube 31 or the cooling medium side outlet respectively;

[0076] In specific implementation, there is one cooling medium side outlet in each layer, and multiple layers are arranged. The specific number of layers is determined by the designer according to the implementation working conditions; the flow linear velocity and the resistance of the heated cooling medium can be adjusted by adjusting the number of layers of the cooling medium side outlets, the height of the cooling medium side outlets, and the diameter of the cooling medium side outlets. As Figure 11As shown, the outlet heights on the cooling medium side are H1, H2, H3 to HN in sequence, where N represents the number of layers of the cooling medium side outlets provided, H1 is the positioning height of the lowermost cooling medium side outlet relative to the bottom of the cooling medium inlet pipe 31, H2 is the positioning height of the second-layer cooling medium side outlet relative to the first-layer cooling medium side outlet, H3 is the positioning height of the third-layer cooling medium side outlet relative to the second-layer cooling medium side outlet, and so on. HN is the positioning height of the Nth-layer cooling medium side outlet relative to its lower layer, i.e., the (N - 1)th-layer cooling medium side outlet;

[0077] In this embodiment, three layers of cooling medium side outlets are provided on the side wall of the cooling medium inlet pipe 31. The diameters of the cooling medium side outlets of each layer are φd, and the outlet heights of the three layers of cooling medium side outlets are H1, H2, and H3 in sequence. By adjusting the diameter φd of the above-mentioned cooling medium side outlets and the sizes of the outlet heights H1, H2, and H3 of the cooling medium side outlets, the flow linear velocity and resistance of the heated cooling medium such as water vapor can be optimized and reduced, and the water vapor flow resistance can be minimized to the greatest extent.

[0078] Embodiment 4:

[0079] As Figure 14 shown, a solid particle cooler includes a housing 1 and a heat exchange tube installation section 2 at the upper part, and a heat exchange tube 3 and a fluidized medium distributor 4 are arranged inside; the housing 1 and the upper heat exchange tube installation section 2 are connected by a flange A 11; a solid particle inlet tube 12 is provided at the upper part of the housing 1, a solid particle outlet tube 14 is provided at the lower part, the fluidized medium distributor 4 is located at the bottom of the housing 1, the heat exchange tube 3 is vertically arranged in the housing 1, and is arranged in a circle or more than one circle along the circumference, or the heat exchange tube 3 is arranged in a row or more than one row in the housing 1, and two or more are arranged in each circle or each row. The upper part of the heat exchange tube 3 is installed on the heat exchange tube installation section 2 and passes through the heat exchange tube installation section 2;

[0080] The heat exchange tube installation section 2 has a double-head structure and is composed of a transition section 22 at the upper part of the housing and a top head 21 at its top. The transition section 22 and the top head 21 are connected by a flange B 24; the transition section 22 is a straight cylinder 222, and the diameter of the upper flange B 24 is the same as that of the flange A 11; part of the heat exchange tube 3 is installed on the top head 21, part of the heat exchange tube 3 is installed on the straight cylinder 222 of the transition section 22, and part of the heat exchange tube 3 is installed on the side wall of the housing 1;

[0081] Lifting lugs 25 are respectively provided on the housing 1 and the heat exchange tube installation section 2 to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the equipment;

[0082] An outlet tee 35 is provided at the upper part of the heat exchange tube 3, and the cooling medium flows out through the outlet tee 35 after being heated;

[0083] At the upper part of the heat exchange tube 3 at the cooling medium inlet, a water inlet manifold 36 is provided, and at the cooling medium outlet, a steam generating manifold 37 with the same number of groups is provided. The water inlet manifold 36 and the steam generating manifold 37 are grouped in the same way, and the heat exchange tubes 3 are assembled into several groups, reducing the steam and water pipelines between the heat exchange tubes 3 and the subsequent steam-liquid separator, facilitating the equipment space layout and reducing costs.

[0084] In this embodiment, the solid particle cooler is connected to the reactor or the regenerator through the solid particle inlet pipe 12 and the solid particle outlet pipe 14. High-temperature solid particles or powders enter the solid particle cooler through the solid particle inlet pipe 12. The hot solid particles are cooled by the heat exchange tubes 3 in a fluidized state under the action of the gas. The low-temperature solid particles or powders return to the reactor or the regenerator through the solid particle outlet pipe 14, and an equal amount of high-temperature solid particles enter the solid particle cooler from the solid particle inlet pipe 12 to complete the cyclic continuous heat exchange.

Claims

1. A solid particle cooler, comprising a shell (1) and an upper heat exchange tube mounting section (2), wherein a heat exchange tube (3) and a fluidizing medium distributor (4) are arranged inside the shell (1); the shell (1) and the heat exchange tube mounting section (2) are connected via an A flange (11); characterized in that : A solid particle inlet pipe (12) is provided at the upper portion of the shell (1), and the fluidized medium distributor (4) is located at the bottom of the shell (1); The heat exchange tubes (3) are placed vertically in the shell (1), and the heat exchange tubes (3) are arranged in one or more circles along the circumference, or the heat exchange tubes (3) are arranged in one or more rows in the shell (1), and at least two heat exchange tubes are arranged in each circle or row; The upper part of the heat exchange tube (3) is mounted on the heat exchange tube mounting section (2) and passes through the heat exchange tube mounting section (2), or part of the heat exchange tube is mounted on the side wall of the shell (1) and the rest of the heat exchange tube is mounted on the heat exchange tube mounting section (2); The heat exchange tube (3) is in the form of a sleeve, placed vertically, and is provided with a cooling medium inlet tube (31) and an external heat transfer tube (32); the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (3) is provided with fins (34), and the fins (34) are longitudinally arranged on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (3); the fins (34) are long fins or short fins; when the fins are arranged in two or more rows, the adjacent two rows of fins are arranged in a staggered manner.

2. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outlet tee (35) is provided on the upper portion of the heat exchange tube (3); The outlet tee (35) is integrally forged or head-drawn; The outlet tee (35) is a right-angle tee, and the pulling direction is perpendicular to the outlet tee main pipe, or the outlet tee (35) is an α-angle tee, and the pulling direction forms an angle α with the outlet tee main pipe, and the angle α is greater than 10° and less than 90°; The tapping height h and tapping thickness S2 of the outlet tee (35) are set in a uniform and smooth manner, and a circular arc with a curvature radius R3 is set at the tapping position, and the circular arc has a smooth transition; The connection between the outlet tee (35) and the outside of the heat exchange tube (3) is a butt welding structure.

3. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the cooling medium inlet pipe (31) has upper and lower layers of cooling medium side outlets; The cooling medium side outlet is connected to the gap between the cooling medium inlet pipe (31) and the heat transfer pipe (32), so that the cooling medium enters the gap between the cooling medium inlet pipe (31) and the heat transfer pipe (32) through the bottom of the cooling medium inlet pipe (31) or the cooling medium side outlet; The cooling medium side outlet diameter is φd, and the cooling medium side outlet heights are H1, H2, H3~HN in sequence, which are used to adjust the flow linear velocity and resistance of the heated cooling medium by adjusting the number of layers of the cooling medium side outlet, the cooling medium side outlet height and the cooling medium side outlet diameter.

4. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling medium inlet pipe (31) is provided with an inner bend curvature radius R4, and the heat transfer pipe (32) is provided with an outer bend curvature radius R5, so as to adjust the gap and curvature between the inner and outer bends by adjusting the inner bend curvature radius R4 and the outer bend curvature radius R5, thereby adjusting the flow line speed and resistance of the heated cooling medium.

5. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sleeve (23) is provided at the connection between the heat exchange tube (3) and the heat exchange tube installation section (2) or the side wall of the shell (1).

6. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube installation section (2) is a single-head structure, and is provided with a top head (21), and the heat exchange tube (3) is installed on the top head (21); Alternatively, the heat exchange tube installation section (2) is a double-head structure, consisting of a transition section (22) located at the upper part of the shell and a top head (21) at the top thereof, the transition section (22) and the top head (21) being connected via a B flange (24); the transition section (22) has a cone (221); and the heat exchange tube (3) is respectively installed on the cone (221) of the top head (21) and the transition section (22); Alternatively, the heat exchange tube installation section (2) is a double-head structure, consisting of a transition section (22) located at the upper part of the shell and a top head (21) at the top thereof, wherein the transition section (22) and the top head (21) are connected via a B flange (24); the transition section (22) has a cone (221) and a straight tube (222) at the lower part; the heat exchange tube (3) is respectively installed on the cone (221) of the top head (21) and the transition section (22), or the heat exchange tube (3) is respectively installed on the top head (21) and the straight tube (222) of the transition section (22); Alternatively, the heat exchange tube installation section (2) is a double-head structure, consisting of a transition section (22) located at the upper part of the shell and a top head (21) at the top thereof, the transition section (22) and the top head (21) being connected via a B flange (24); the transition section (22) is a straight tube (222); and the heat exchange tube (3) is installed on the straight tube (222) of the transition section (22).

7. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the fin (34) is rectangular with distinct corners or edges; Alternatively, the corners of the fin (34) are provided with smooth rounded corners R1, and the edges are provided with smooth rounded corners R2; Alternatively, the cross-section of the fin (34) is conical, and the thickness gradually increases towards the heat exchange tube (3).

8. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the fin (34) and the heat transfer tube (32) is welding, or the fin (34) is directly rolled on the heat transfer tube (32).

9. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water inlet manifold (36) is provided at the cooling medium inlet of the upper part of the heat exchange tube (3), and the same number of steam production manifolds (37) are provided at the cooling medium outlet. The water inlet manifolds (36) and the steam production manifolds (37) are grouped in the same manner, and the heat exchange tubes (3) are grouped into a plurality of groups.

10. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lifting ears (25) are respectively provided on the shell (1) and the heat exchange tube mounting section (2).

11. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solid particle circulation conveying pipe (5) is arranged inside the shell (1), wherein the lower portion of the pipe is vertically placed inside the shell (1), and the upper portion of the pipe is inclinedly placed inside the solid particle inlet pipe (12).

12. The solid particle cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solid particle outlet pipe (14) is provided at the lower part of the shell (1).

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