Battery cooling system and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery cooling system and a battery pack, and belongs to the technical field of new energy batteries. Comprising a battery pack box body and a cooling assembly, the battery pack box body comprises a bottom plate and an upper cover, and the upper cover covers the bottom plate. The cooling assembly comprises a liquid inlet pipe, a first-stage spraying pipe and a second-stage spraying pipe, the liquid inlet pipe is arranged on one side wall of the upper cover in a penetrating mode, and a liquid outlet is formed in the other side wall of the upper cover. A flow regulating valve is arranged at one end of the liquid inlet pipe, one ends of the first-stage spraying pipe and the second-stage spraying pipe are communicated with the liquid inlet pipe, and the other ends of the first-stage spraying pipe and the second-stage spraying pipe are closed. The multiple second-stage spraying pipes are evenly arranged at intervals in the direction parallel to the bottom plate, the arrangement height of the first-stage spraying pipes is larger than that of the second-stage spraying pipes, and the first-stage spraying pipes and the second-stage spraying pipes are each provided with an atomizing nozzle. By adopting the battery cooling system, the problems of low heat exchange cooling efficiency and thermal runaway of the battery pack in the existing container energy storage cabinet can be solved while the heat exchange cooling cost is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy batteries, and particularly relates to a battery cooling system and a battery pack. Background Technique

[0002] In recent years, with the large-scale commercial popularization of 20-foot standard container energy storage cabinets, energy storage units such as battery packs are integrated on the frame inside the container, realizing the rapid integration and rapid commissioning of energy storage devices. At present, the requirements for fire protection of energy storage systems are getting higher and higher. The battery packs on the container energy storage cabinets are densely arranged. When working partially or centrally, the temperature difference inside the energy storage cabinet is relatively high, and the temperature inside the battery pack also has a great impact on the life of the battery cells. Therefore, it is particularly important to control the temperature difference at each position of the battery cells inside the battery pack in such a working environment.

[0003] In the related art, at present, most energy storage battery packs on the market adopt the method of arranging a liquid cooling plate at the bottom for heat exchange and cooling. Since heat exchange and temperature equalization are only carried out on one side, there are problems such as a small cooling area, low heat exchange efficiency, and the inability to effectively prevent thermal runaway when thermal runaway occurs. On this basis, immersion cooling has emerged, which can effectively increase the heat exchange area, improve the heat exchange efficiency, and also effectively prevent thermal runaway problems. However, for single immersion cooling, there is a problem that the amount of insulating coolant required is too large, and the excessive use of insulating coolant causes an increase in the overall cost and weight of the battery pack. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The embodiment of the utility model provides a battery cooling system and a battery pack, which can solve the problem of low heat exchange and cooling efficiency of the battery pack in the existing container energy storage cabinet while ensuring the heat exchange and cooling cost. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiment of the utility model provides a battery cooling system, including: a battery pack box body and a cooling component,

[0006] The battery pack box body includes a bottom plate and an upper cover, and the upper cover covers the bottom plate to form an internal storage space;

[0007] The cooling assembly includes a liquid inlet pipe, a first-stage spray pipe, and a second-stage spray pipe that are parallel to each other. The liquid inlet pipe penetrates through one side wall of the upper cover, and a liquid outlet is provided on the opposite side wall of the upper cover. A flow regulating valve is provided at one end of the liquid inlet pipe. The other end of the liquid inlet pipe, the first-stage spray pipe, and the second-stage spray pipe are all disposed in the internal storage space. One end of the first-stage spray pipe and the second-stage spray pipe is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe, and the other end is closed. There are multiple second-stage spray pipes, which are evenly spaced along the direction parallel to the bottom plate. The installation height of the first-stage spray pipe is greater than that of the second-stage spray pipe. Atomizing nozzles are provided on the side of the first-stage spray pipe facing the bottom plate and on the opposite sides of two adjacent second-stage spray pipes.

[0008] Optionally, there are multiple first-stage spray pipes, and each first-stage spray pipe is located between two adjacent second-stage spray pipes.

[0009] Optionally, there are multiple groups of second-stage spray pipes. Each group of second-stage spray pipes includes multiple second-stage spray pipes that are evenly spaced along the direction parallel to the bottom plate, and the multiple groups of second-stage spray pipes are spaced along the direction perpendicular to the bottom plate.

[0010] Optionally, an installation groove is provided on the bottom plate, and supporting steps are provided on opposite sides of the installation groove in the extending direction of the liquid inlet pipe.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of through-flow channels arranged in parallel at intervals are provided at the bottom of the bottom plate, and the through-flow channels are arranged along the extending direction of the liquid inlet pipe.

[0012] Optionally, the battery cooling system further includes a water pump, and the water pump is disposed inside one side wall of the upper cover and is arranged facing the opposite side wall of the upper cover.

[0013] Optionally, the first-stage spray pipe is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the second-stage spray pipe is connected to the liquid inlet pipe through quick-connect joints.

[0014] In a second aspect, a battery includes the battery cooling system described in the first aspect above, and further includes a battery cell module. The battery cell module includes a plurality of stacked battery cells. The battery cell module is installed on the bottom plate, and the battery cell module is disposed below the first-stage spray pipe and between two adjacent second-stage spray pipes.

[0015] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention at least include:

[0016] Adopting the battery cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model, the battery cell module is contained by the battery pack box body and assembled into a battery pack, which is arranged on a container energy storage cabinet. An external insulating coolant storage tank or other cooling medium storage or circulation equipment is connected through a liquid inlet pipe with a flow regulating valve. The flow rate of the insulating coolant flowing into the battery pack box body is controlled by the flow regulating valve. When the internal battery cell module is working normally, a small amount of spraying volume is used to evenly spray the insulating coolant on the battery cell module from the upper and left and right three directions, ensuring the efficiency and uniformity of heat dissipation and temperature equalization. When a thermal runaway accident occurs inside, a higher spraying volume can be used to quickly fill the battery pack box body with the insulating coolant to achieve immersion cooling, which can solve the problem of low heat exchange and cooling efficiency of the battery pack in the existing container energy storage cabinet while ensuring the heat exchange and cooling cost. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of one side of the battery cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the other side of the battery cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic internal structural diagram of the battery cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom plate provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic internal structural diagram of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1 - battery pack box body; 2 - cooling assembly; 3 - water pump; 4 - quick connector; 5 - battery cell module; 11 - bottom plate; 12 - upper cover; 21 - liquid inlet pipe; 22 - primary spray pipe; 23 - secondary spray pipe; 24 - atomizing nozzle; 51 - battery cell; 111 - installation groove; 112 - supporting step; 113 - through flow channel; 121 - liquid outlet; 211 - flow regulating valve. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present utility model in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of one side of the battery cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the other side of the battery cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 It is a schematic internal structural diagram of the battery cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom plate provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. As Figures 1 to 4 shown, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a battery cooling system, including: a battery pack box body 1 and a cooling assembly 2.

[0026] Among them, the battery pack box body 1 includes a bottom plate 11 and an upper cover 12, and the upper cover 12 is covered on the bottom plate 11 to form an internal storage space.

[0027] The cooling assembly 2 includes a liquid inlet pipe 21, a primary spray pipe 22, and a secondary spray pipe 23 that are parallel to each other. The liquid inlet pipe 21 penetrates through one side wall of the upper cover 12, and a liquid outlet 121 is provided on the opposite side wall of the upper cover 12. A flow regulating valve 211 is provided at one end of the liquid inlet pipe 21, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe 21, the primary spray pipe 22, and the secondary spray pipe 23 are all arranged in the internal storage space. One ends of the primary spray pipe 22 and the secondary spray pipe 23 are both communicated with the liquid inlet pipe 21. Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, multiple branch pipes are provided at the end of the liquid inlet pipe 21 extending into the upper cover 12. Through the longitudinal branch pipes, it is divided into multiple paths with different heights, and then introduced to different positions in the horizontal direction through the transverse branch pipes. The primary spray pipe 22 is connected through the relatively higher horizontal branch pipe, and multiple secondary spray pipes 23 in the same horizontal direction are connected through the lower horizontal branch pipes. The other ends of the primary spray pipe 22 and the secondary spray pipe 23 are closed. There are multiple secondary spray pipes 23 and they are evenly spaced along the direction parallel to the bottom plate 11. The installation height of the primary spray pipe 22 is greater than the installation height of the secondary spray pipe 23. Atomizing nozzles 24 are provided on the side of the primary spray pipe 22 facing the bottom plate 11 and on the opposite sides of two adjacent secondary spray pipes 23.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the battery cooling system adopts a form in which the cooling assembly 2 is integrated into the battery pack box body 1 for accommodating the battery cell module 5. The battery cell module 5 formed by stacking a plurality of battery cells 51 is installed on the bottom plate 11, and then covered and closed by the cuboid upper cover 12 to form a battery pack structure, which is finally arranged on a container energy storage cabinet. In the internal storage space formed by the upper cover 12, the stacking direction of the battery cell module 5 is consistent with the extending arrangement directions of the liquid inlet pipe 21, the primary spray pipe 22, and the secondary spray pipe 23. The battery cell module 5 is arranged below the primary spray pipe 22 with a higher height and is located between two adjacent secondary spray pipes 23. The atomizing nozzles 24 on the primary spray pipe 22 face the upper end surface of the battery cell module 5 vertically downward, and on the left and right sides of the battery cell module 5, a secondary spray pipe 23 is respectively arranged, and the atomizing nozzles 24 respectively face the battery cell module 5 from the side. When the battery cooling system is working, it has two working modes according to the working conditions. In the first mode, when it is necessary to dissipate heat and equalize the temperature of the battery cell module 5 working normally inside the battery pack, an external insulating coolant, such as a hydrocarbon or a fluorinated liquid, is introduced through the liquid inlet pipe 21. The insulating coolant is branched through the liquid inlet pipe 21 and enters the primary spray pipe 22 and the secondary spray pipe 23 respectively, and finally is evenly sprayed on the top surface and both end sides of the battery cell module 5 through the atomizing nozzles 24 on the primary spray pipe 22 and the secondary spray pipe 23, then converges on the bottom plate 11 along the surface of the battery cell module, and finally flows out from the liquid outlet 121 on the other side of the battery pack box body 1. In the second mode, when a thermal runaway accident occurs inside the battery pack and the temperature of the battery cell 51 is too high, the battery pack will sense the temperature according to the temperature sensors arranged at the top, increase the opening degree of the flow regulating valve 211 at the front end of this battery pack in the container energy storage cabinet, increase the spraying amount of the insulating coolant inside this battery pack, so that the battery pack box body 1 is quickly filled with the insulating coolant, achieving the purpose of submerging the battery cell module 5 in the insulating coolant to solve the thermal runaway problem.

[0029] By adopting the battery cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model, the battery cell module is accommodated by the battery pack box body 1 and the battery pack is formed and arranged on a container energy storage cabinet. The liquid inlet pipe 21 with a flow regulating valve 211 is connected to a cooling medium storage or circulation device such as an external insulating coolant storage tank. The flow rate of the insulating coolant flowing into the battery pack box body 1 is controlled by the flow regulating valve 211. When the internal battery cell module is working normally, the insulating coolant is evenly sprayed on the battery cell module 5 from three directions, namely above, left and right, with a small spraying amount, ensuring the efficiency and uniformity of heat dissipation and temperature equalization. When a thermal runaway accident occurs inside, the insulating coolant can quickly fill the battery pack box body 1 with a higher spraying amount, realizing immersion cooling, which can solve the problem of low heat exchange and cooling efficiency of the battery pack in the existing container energy storage cabinet while ensuring the heat exchange and cooling cost.

[0030] Optionally, a plurality of first-level spray pipes 22 are provided, and each first-level spray pipe 22 is located between two adjacent second-level spray pipes 23. Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the battery pack housing 1 is integrally in a cuboid shape, and a plurality of first-level spray pipes 22 are arranged in its width direction. Two second-level spray pipes 23 are symmetrically arranged below each first-level spray pipe 22, so that a plurality of battery cell modules 5 can be correspondingly arranged and three-way coolant spraying can be performed simultaneously. For the plurality of second-level spray pipes 23 located in the middle, atomizing nozzles 24 are provided on both opposite sides in the horizontal direction, so as to realize two-way spraying on the battery cell modules 5 on both sides simultaneously, saving the arrangement quantity of the second-level spray pipes 23. Further, there are 2 groups of second-level spray pipes 23, and each group of second-level spray pipes 23 includes a plurality of second-level spray pipes 23 arranged at equal intervals along a direction parallel to the bottom plate 11, and the 2 groups of second-level spray pipes 23 are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the bottom plate 11. By arranging as many second-level spray pipes 23 as possible in the height direction of the battery cell module 5, the coverage density of the insulating coolant during the spraying process is increased, ensuring that both sides of the battery cell module 5 can be completely covered by the sprayed insulating coolant during operation, and further improving the efficiency and uniformity of heat dissipation and temperature equalization.

[0031] Optionally, an installation groove 111 is provided on the bottom plate 11, and supporting steps 112 are provided on both opposite sides of the installation groove 111 in the extending direction of the liquid inlet pipe 21. Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, by providing the installation groove 111 on the bottom plate 11, it is convenient to perform corresponding positioning and installation on the stacked battery cell modules 5. The bottom of the single battery cell 51 of the battery cell module 5 is supported on the bottom of the installation groove 111, and the end plates on both sides are placed on the supporting steps 112, realizing a tight limit and fixation, and improving the overall assembly stability.

[0032] Optionally, a plurality of through-flow channels 113 arranged in parallel at intervals are provided at the bottom of the bottom plate 11, and the through-flow channels 113 are arranged along the extending direction of the liquid inlet pipe 21. Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, by providing the through-flow channels 113 arranged in a harmonica shape on the bottom plate 11, the bottom plate 11 in the form of a liquid cooling plate supports the internal battery cell module 5, and the external coolant, such as cooling water, is introduced through the through-flow channels 113 for circulation, realizing four-way heat exchange and temperature equalization of the loaded battery cell module 5 in the up, down, left, and right directions, and further improving the efficiency and uniformity of heat dissipation and temperature equalization.

[0033] Optionally, the battery cooling system further includes a water pump 3 disposed inside a side wall of the upper cover 12 and arranged toward the opposite side wall of the upper cover 12. Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the insulating coolant fills the battery pack housing 1 to achieve immersion cooling of the internal battery cell module 5, the water pump 3 arranged inside the battery pack starts to operate, causing the insulating coolant inside the battery pack housing 1 to quickly flow turbulently, and enabling the temperature inside the battery pack to quickly equalize through the flowing insulating coolant, further improving the cooling and temperature equalization effect.

[0034] Optionally, the primary spray pipe 22 and the liquid inlet pipe 21, and the secondary spray pipe 23 and the liquid inlet pipe 21 are both connected through quick connectors 4. Exemplarily, using quick connectors 4 for pipeline connection has a simple structure, convenient connection, good sealing performance, and does not require any tools for disassembly, installation, maintenance, etc., effectively reducing the assembly cost.

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 5 shown, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery pack, including the battery cooling system as Figures 1 to 5 shown, characterized in that it further includes a battery cell module 5. The battery cell module 5 includes a plurality of stacked battery cells 51. The battery cell module 5 is installed on the bottom plate 11, disposed below the primary spray pipe 22, and located between two adjacent secondary spray pipes 23. Exemplarily, using the battery cooling system provided by the embodiment of the present invention to accommodate the battery cell module 5 to form a battery pack, the battery cell module is accommodated by the battery pack housing 1 and the battery pack is arranged on a container energy storage cabinet. The liquid inlet pipe 21 with a flow regulating valve 211 is connected to an external insulating coolant storage tank or other cooling medium storage or circulation equipment. The flow rate of the insulating coolant flowing into the battery pack housing 1 is controlled by the flow regulating valve 211. When the internal battery cell module is operating normally, a relatively small spray amount is used to evenly spray the insulating coolant on the battery cell module 5 from above and the left and right three directions, ensuring the efficiency and uniformity of heat dissipation and temperature equalization. When a thermal runaway accident occurs inside, a higher spray amount can be used to quickly fill the battery pack housing 1 with the insulating coolant to achieve immersion cooling, which can solve the problem of low heat exchange and cooling efficiency of the battery pack in the existing container energy storage cabinet while ensuring the heat exchange and cooling cost.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terms "first", "second" and similar terms used in the description and claims of this utility model patent application do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, terms such as "a" or "an" do not denote a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising" or "including" and similar terms mean that the elements or items appearing before "comprising" or "including" cover the elements or items listed after "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.

[0037] The above are only optional embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this utility model shall be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery cooling system, characterized in that: include: Battery pack housing (1) and cooling assembly (2), The battery pack box (1) comprises a bottom plate (11) and an upper cover (12), wherein the upper cover (12) is arranged on the bottom plate (11) and forms an internal storage space; The cooling assembly (2) comprises a liquid inlet pipe (21), a first-level spray pipe (22) and a second-level spray pipe (23) which are parallel to each other. The liquid inlet pipe (21) is arranged on one side wall of the upper cover (12). A liquid outlet (121) is arranged on the other side wall opposite to the upper cover (12). A flow regulating valve (211) is arranged at one end of the liquid inlet pipe (21). The other end of the liquid inlet pipe (21), the first-level spray pipe (22) and the second-level spray pipe (23) are all arranged in the internal storage space. One end of the primary spray pipe (22) and the secondary spray pipe (23) are both connected to the liquid inlet pipe (21), and the other end is closed; a plurality of the secondary spray pipes (23) are provided and are evenly spaced and arranged in a direction parallel to the bottom plate (11); the setting height of the primary spray pipe (22) is greater than the setting height of the secondary spray pipe (23); atomizing nozzles (24) are provided on one side of the primary spray pipe (22) facing the bottom plate (11) and on opposite sides of two adjacent secondary spray pipes (23).

2. A battery cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the first-level spray pipes (22) are provided, and each of the first-level spray pipes (22) is located between two adjacent second-level spray pipes (23).

3. A battery cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary spray pipes (23) are provided in a plurality of groups, each group of the secondary spray pipes (23) comprises a plurality of the secondary spray pipes (23) evenly spaced apart in a direction parallel to the bottom plate (11), and the plurality of groups of the secondary spray pipes (23) are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the bottom plate (11).

4. A battery cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (11) is provided with a mounting groove (111), and supporting steps (112) are provided on opposite sides of the mounting groove (111) in the extension direction of the liquid inlet pipe (21).

5. A battery cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the bottom plate (11) is provided with a plurality of through-flow channels (113) arranged in parallel and at intervals, and the through-flow channels (113) are arranged along the extension direction of the liquid inlet pipe (21).

6. A battery cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The battery cooling system further comprises a water pump (3), wherein the water pump (3) is arranged in one side wall of the upper cover (12) and is arranged towards another side wall opposite to the upper cover (12).

7. A battery cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first-level spray pipe (22) and the liquid inlet pipe (21), as well as the second-level spray pipe (23) and the liquid inlet pipe (21) are all connected via quick-connect connectors (4).

8. A battery pack, comprising the battery cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a battery cell module (5), the battery cell module (5) including a plurality of stacked battery cells (51), the battery cell module (5) being mounted on the bottom plate (11), the battery cell module (5) being arranged below the first-level spray pipe (22) and between two adjacent second-level spray pipes (23).

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