Multi-gear speed reduction differential integrated framework and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-gear speed reduction differential integrated framework and a vehicle, which belong to the technical field of vehicles, and comprise a planet row, a parallel gear train, a left half shaft, a right half shaft and a driving motor, the planet row comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier, a first planet gear, a second planet gear, a first gear ring and a second gear ring; the sun gear is connected with the driving motor and sleeves the right half shaft in an empty mode, the planet carrier is fixed to the right half shaft, the first planet gear and the second planet gear are coaxially fixed to the planet carrier in a step mode, the first gear ring is meshed with the first planet gear, the sun gear is meshed with the first planet gear, and the second gear ring is meshed with the second planet gear. The first gear ring surrounds the outer side of the second gear ring; the parallel gear trains are coaxially connected, power of the driving motor is transmitted to the right half shaft and the left half shaft through the planet row and the parallel gear trains, and the multi-gear speed reduction, differential and switching functions are achieved. And the layout mode is compact in structure, the occupied space can be saved, and arrangement of the framework in a whole vehicle is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to a multi-gear reduction differential integrated architecture and a vehicle configured with this architecture. Background Art

[0002] In pure electric vehicles, a differential is used to make the left half shaft and the right half shaft of the vehicle rotate at different speeds, thereby ensuring smooth turning of the vehicle. At present, multi-stage planetary rows are widely used in differentials to achieve the functions of speed reduction and differential, but the current application layout of planetary rows has a long circuit and occupies a large space, which is not conducive to the layout of the whole vehicle. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] An embodiment of the utility model provides a multi-gear reduction differential integrated architecture and a vehicle, aiming to solve the problem that the current speed reduction and differential system occupies a large space and is not conducive to the layout of the whole vehicle.

[0004] In a first aspect, to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: providing a multi-gear reduction differential integrated architecture, including: a planetary row, a parallel gear train, a left half shaft, a right half shaft and a driving motor; the planetary row includes a sun gear, a planet carrier, a first planet gear, a second planet gear, a first ring gear and a second ring gear; the sun gear is connected to the driving motor and is sleeved on the right half shaft in an idle state, the planet carrier is fixed on the right half shaft, the first planet gear and the second planet gear are coaxially fixed on the planet carrier in a stepped manner, the first ring gear meshes with the first planet gear, the sun gear meshes with the first planet gear, the second ring gear meshes with the second planet gear, and the first ring gear is coaxially sleeved outside the second ring gear; the parallel gear train includes a first parallel gear group, a second parallel gear group and a gear transmission group, the first parallel gear group is engaged or disengaged with the first ring gear through a first synchronizer, the second parallel gear group is engaged or disengaged with the second ring gear through a second synchronizer, the gear transmission group is connected to the left half shaft, the first parallel gear group, the second parallel gear group and the gear transmission group are coaxially connected, and the power of the driving motor is transmitted to the right half shaft and the left half shaft through the planetary row and the parallel gear train.

[0005] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, it further includes a parallel shaft parallel to the right half shaft, and the parallel shaft is fixed on a differential housing; the first parallel gear group, the second parallel gear group and the gear transmission group are coaxially connected to a hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft is sleeved on the parallel shaft in an idle state.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the first parallel gear group includes a first parallel gear and a second parallel gear that are engaged in transmission, the first parallel gear is connected to the first synchronizer, and the second parallel gear is fixed on the hollow shaft.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the number of teeth of the first parallel gear is greater than that of the second parallel gear.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the second parallel gear set includes a third parallel gear and a fourth parallel gear that are in meshing transmission, the third parallel gear is connected to the second synchronizer, and the fourth parallel gear is fixed to the hollow shaft.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the number of teeth of the third parallel gear is less than that of the fourth parallel gear.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the gear transmission group includes a fifth parallel gear and a third gear ring that are in meshing transmission, the fifth parallel gear is fixed to the hollow shaft, and the third gear ring is fixed to the left half shaft.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the number of teeth of the first planetary gear is greater than that of the second planetary gear.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, a coupling device is further provided between the left half shaft and the right half shaft. The coupling device includes a driving element, engaging teeth, and a locking block. The engaging teeth are connected to the driving element. The driving element is fixed to the left half shaft, and the locking block is fixed to the right half shaft. The driving element drives the engaging teeth to engage or disengage with the locking block so as to lock or disconnect the left half shaft and the right half shaft.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture provided by the present utility model has the beneficial effects that: through the cooperation of the planetary gear set and the parallel gear train, the functions of multi-speed reduction, differential, and switching can be realized; two planetary gears in the planetary gear set are arranged coaxially in a trapezoidal shape on a planetary carrier, and two gear rings corresponding to the two planetary gears are arranged concentrically; this layout method of the planetary gear set has a compact structure, can save the occupied space, and is beneficial to the layout of the architecture in the whole vehicle; at the same time, the gears in the parallel gear train are coaxially connected, which also has the effects of a compact structure, saving the number of components, saving the occupied space, and is beneficial to the layout of the architecture in the whole vehicle.

[0014] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present utility model further provides a vehicle, including the multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture described above.

[0015] An embodiment of the present utility model further provides a vehicle, which realizes the intensification and miniaturization of the framework on the basis of realizing the functions of multi-speed reduction, differential, and switching, saves the space occupied in the whole vehicle, and is beneficial to the layout of the architecture in the whole vehicle. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the multi-speed reduction and differential integrated architecture provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Description of the reference numerals:

[0018] 1. Right half shaft; 2. Driving motor; 3. Planetary gear set; 31. Sun gear; 32. Planet carrier; 33. First planet gear; 34. First ring gear; 35. Second planet gear; 36. Second ring gear; 4. First synchronizer; 5. First parallel gear set; 51. First parallel gear; 52. Second parallel gear; 6. Second synchronizer; 7. Second parallel gear set; 71. Third parallel gear; 72. Fourth parallel gear; 8. Fifth parallel gear; 9. Parallel shaft; 10. Third ring gear; 11. Engaging device; 111. Locking block; 112. Engaging tooth; 113. Driving element; 12. Left half shaft. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0019] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0020] In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, primary-secondary or sequential relationship between these entities or operations.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1, the multi-speed reduction and differential integrated architecture provided by the present utility model will now be described. The multi-speed reduction and differential integrated architecture includes: a planetary gear set 3, a parallel gear train, a left half shaft 12, a right half shaft 1, and a drive motor 2; the planetary gear set 3 includes a sun gear 31, a planet carrier 32, a first planet gear 33, a second planet gear 35, a first ring gear 34, and a second ring gear 36; the sun gear 31 is connected to the drive motor 2 and is sleeved on the right half shaft 1, the planet carrier 32 is fixed to the right half shaft 1, the first planet gear 33 and the second planet gear 35 are coaxially fixed to the planet carrier 32 in a stepped manner, the first ring gear 34 meshes with the first planet gear 33, the sun gear 31 meshes with the first planet gear 33, the second ring gear 36 meshes with the second planet gear 35, and the first ring gear 34 surrounds the outside of the second ring gear 36; the parallel gear train includes a first parallel gear group 5, a second parallel gear group 7, and a gear transmission group, the first parallel gear group 5 is engaged or disengaged with the first ring gear 34 through a first synchronizer 4, the second parallel gear group 7 is engaged or disengaged with the second ring gear 36 through a second synchronizer 6, the gear transmission group is connected to the left half shaft 12, and the first parallel gear group 5, the second parallel gear group 7, and the gear transmission group are coaxially connected, and the power of the drive motor 2 is transmitted to the right half shaft 1 and the left half shaft 12 through the planetary gear set 3 and the parallel gear train.

[0022] The multi-speed reduction and differential integrated architecture provided by the present utility model can realize multi-speed reduction, differential, and switching functions through the cooperation of the planetary gear set 3 and the parallel gear train and the engagement and disengagement of the synchronizers; two planet gears in the planetary gear set 3 are coaxially arranged in a stepped manner on a planet carrier 32, and the two ring gears corresponding to the two planet gears are concentrically arranged; this layout method of the planetary gear set 3 has a compact structure, can save the occupied space, and is beneficial to the layout of the architecture in the whole vehicle; at the same time, the groups of gears in the parallel gear train are coaxially connected, and also have the effects of a compact structure, saving the number of components, and saving the occupied space, which is beneficial to the layout of the architecture in the whole vehicle.

[0023] The coaxial connection of the first parallel gear group 5, the second parallel gear group 7, and the gear transmission group enables the first parallel gear group 5, the second parallel gear group 7, and the gear transmission group to rotate synchronously at the same time whether the first synchronizer 4 is engaged or the second synchronizer 6 is engaged, and transmit the power to the left half shaft 12. By changing the transmission ratios of the first parallel gear group 5 and the second parallel gear group 7, the reduction and differential changes of the left half shaft 12 and the right half shaft 1 at different gears can be realized, and the synchronization or differential of the left and right wheels can be achieved, ensuring the normal running of the vehicle in different states such as driving and turning.

[0024] In this application, the two ring gears are sleeved on the right half shaft 1, the two ring gears are arranged in a stepped manner axially and in a nested manner radially, with a compact structure, which can save the radial space and the axial space.

[0025] In this embodiment, taking the transmission ratio of the first parallel gear set 5 being less than that of the second parallel gear set 7 as an example, when the first synchronizer 4 engages with the first parallel gear set 5, it is applicable to the working condition of high-speed and low-torque during vehicle high-speed driving and functions as deceleration / differential; when the second synchronizer 6 engages with the second parallel gear set 7, it is applicable to the working condition of low-speed and high-torque during vehicle low-speed driving and functions as deceleration / differential; when neither the first synchronizer 4 nor the second synchronizer 6 is engaged, and at the same time the engaging device 11 does not engage the left half shaft 12 and the right half shaft, the power of the drive motor 2 can be disconnected at this time, or when paired with another drive axle and the other drive axle is driving (the other drive axle can be hybrid or pure electric drive), the power transmission of the rear axle is disconnected to prevent the output shaft of the rear axle from dragging the drive motor 2 to reverse and causing energy loss.

[0026] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 as shown, it further includes a parallel shaft 9 parallel to the right half shaft 1, and the parallel shaft 9 is fixed to the differential housing; the first parallel gear set 5, the second parallel gear set 7 and the gear transmission group are coaxially connected to a hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft is sleeved on the parallel shaft 9. The rotation of the first parallel gear set 5, the second parallel gear set 7 and the gear transmission group causes the hollow shaft to rotate around the parallel shaft 9. This coaxial arrangement can save the radial space of the overall structure and facilitate the layout of the whole vehicle.

[0027] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 as shown, the first parallel gear set 5 includes a first parallel gear 51 and a second parallel gear 52 that mesh and drive each other. The first parallel gear 51 is connected to the first synchronizer 4, and the second parallel gear 52 is fixed to the hollow shaft. The first synchronizer 4 can connect the first gear ring 34 to the first parallel gear 51, thereby transmitting the power to the fifth parallel gear 8, and then transmitting the power to the left half shaft 12 through the third gear ring 10.

[0028] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 as shown, the number of teeth z1 of the first parallel gear 51 is greater than the number of teeth z2 of the second parallel gear 52. That is, the transmission ratio of the first parallel gear set 5 is z2 / z1 < 1, which can realize the high-speed and low-torque working condition and function as deceleration and differential.

[0029] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 as shown, the second parallel gear set 7 includes a third parallel gear 71 and a fourth parallel gear 72 that mesh and drive each other. The third parallel gear 71 is connected to the second synchronizer 6, and the fourth parallel gear 72 is fixed to the hollow shaft. The second synchronizer 6 can connect the second gear ring 36 to the third parallel gear 71, thereby transmitting the power to the fifth parallel gear 8, and then transmitting the power to the left half shaft 12 through the third gear ring 10.

[0030] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1As shown, the number of teeth z3 of the third parallel gear 71 is less than the number of teeth z4 of the fourth parallel gear 72. That is, the transmission ratio of the second parallel gear set 7 is z4 / z3 > 1, which can achieve the low-speed and high-torque working condition and play the functions of speed reduction and differential.

[0031] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the gear transmission group includes a fifth parallel gear 8 and a third ring gear 10 that are meshed and transmitted. The fifth parallel gear 8 is fixed on the hollow shaft, and the third ring gear 10 is fixed on the left half shaft 12. The function of the gear transmission group is to transmit the power of the parallel gear train to the left half shaft 12.

[0032] The second parallel gear 52, the fourth parallel gear 72 and the fifth parallel gear 8 are fixed on the hollow shaft, with a compact integrated structure, shortening the force transmission path, and also being beneficial to improving the transmission efficiency.

[0033] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the number of teeth of the first planet gear 33 is greater than the number of teeth of the second planet gear, forming a stepped planetary row 3, which is also convenient for the sleeving layout of the corresponding ring gear, saving the radial layout space and facilitating the layout of the whole vehicle.

[0034] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 As shown, a coupling device 11 is further provided between the left half shaft 12 and the right half shaft 1. The coupling device 11 includes a driving element 113, a coupling tooth 112 and a locking block 111. The coupling tooth 112 is connected to the driving element 113. The driving element 113 is fixed on the left half shaft 12, and the locking block 111 is fixed on the right half shaft 1; the driving element 113 drives the coupling tooth 112 to engage or disengage with the locking block 111, so as to lock or disconnect the left half shaft 12 and the right half shaft 1. The driving element 113 can be driven by electromagnetic, hydraulic and other methods, without limitation, as long as it can move the joint part left and right; the coupling tooth is located on the left half shaft 12 and passes through the third ring gear 10, and can move left and right under the action of the driving element 113. Under normal conditions, it is in a separated state and does not combine with the locking block 111; the locking block 111 is located on the right half shaft 1 and is fixedly connected to the right half shaft 1, and can be connected with the coupling tooth to realize the locking of the two half shafts.

[0035] By engaging or disconnecting the coupling device 11 provided between the left half shaft 12 and the right half shaft 1 in this application, the entire architecture has multiple gears and can achieve the functions of speed reduction and differential, and at the same time, it can also achieve the function of locking / disconnecting the half shafts, and can be used in cooperation with another drive axle (the other drive axle can be hybrid or pure electric drive).

[0036] The multi-gear speed reduction and differential integrated architecture provided by the embodiments of this application has a total of three gears. Referring to Figure 1 As shown, the working principle is as follows:

[0037] Neutral condition: At this time, neither the first synchronizer 4 nor the second synchronizer 6 is connected to the first parallel gear 51 and the third parallel gear 71, and the engaging device 11 with the function of engaging or disengaging is in the disengaged mode. At this time, the power of the driving motor 2 can be disconnected; or when it is paired with another drive axle and only the other drive axle is required to drive (the other drive axle can be hybrid or pure electric drive), the power transmission of the rear axle is disconnected to avoid energy loss caused by the reverse rotation of the motor dragged by the output shaft of the rear axle.

[0038] First gear condition: The second synchronizer 6 is connected to the third parallel gear 71. At this time, the output power of the driving motor 2 is transmitted to the first planet gear 33 through the sun gear 31, and the planet carrier 32 is driven to rotate by the first planet gear 33. At this time, the power is divided into two transmission paths: a part of the power drives the right half shaft 1 through the rotation of the planet carrier 32, and the power is transmitted to the right half shaft 1 through the planet carrier 32; a part of the power drives the second planet gear 35 to rotate through the planet carrier 32, and the power is transmitted to the left half shaft 12 through the planet carrier 32, the second planet gear 35, the third parallel gear 71, the fourth parallel gear 72, the fifth parallel gear 8 and the third ring gear 10 to drive the vehicle to travel. At this time, since the transmission ratio of the fourth parallel gear 72 to the third parallel gear 71 is greater than 1, it is suitable for the working condition of low speed and high torque when the vehicle is driving at a low speed, and has the function of speed reduction / differential.

[0039] Second gear condition: The first synchronizer 4 is connected to the first parallel gear 51. At this time, the output power of the driving motor 2 is transmitted in two ways through the sun gear 31: one way is transmitted to the right half shaft 1 through the planet carrier 32, and the other way is transmitted to the left half shaft 12 through the first planet gear 33, the first ring gear 34, the first parallel gear 51, the second parallel gear 52, the fifth parallel gear 8 and the third ring gear 10 to drive the vehicle to travel. At this time, the transmission ratio of the second parallel gear 52 to the first parallel gear 51 is less than 1, which is suitable for the working condition of high speed and low torque when the vehicle is driving at a high speed, and has the function of speed reduction / differential.

[0040] The multi-gear reduction and differential integrated architecture provided by the embodiment of the present application has a total of three gears, and cooperates with the engaging device 11 to have two states of engaging or disengaging. The working principle is as follows:

[0041] Half shaft disconnection condition: At this time, the engaging device 11 is in the disconnected state, the engaging tooth 112 is not engaged with the locking block 111, and the output power of the driving motor 2 is transmitted to the right half shaft 1 through the sun gear 31 and the planet carrier 32; the power is transmitted to the left half shaft 12 through the parallel gear train. At this time, this integrated architecture can replace the differential reduction and differential function in the traditional sense, and the vehicle can drive normally.

[0042] Half - shaft locking condition: At this time, the engaging device 11 is in the engaged mode, and the engaging teeth 112 are engaged with the locking block 111 to connect the left half - shaft 12 and the right half - shaft 1 into one body. The vehicle can lock the half - shafts in different states of the first gear and the second gear. Taking the first gear as an example, at this time, the third gear ring 10 and the planet carrier 32 are connected into one body (i.e., the left and right half - shafts 1 are locked); the output power of the drive motor 2 is transmitted to the left half - shaft 12 and the right half - shaft 1 through the planetary gear set 3 and the third gear ring 10; at this time, the planetary gear set 3, the parallel gear train, and the third gear ring 10 can still work in the normal transmission relationship. At this time, this integrated architecture enables the vehicle to get out of trouble under special working conditions (slippery and muddy roads).

[0043] In the above - mentioned embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own focuses. For the parts not detailed or recorded in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0044] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, including the multi - gear reduction and differential integrated architecture described above.

[0045] The embodiment of the present utility model further provides a vehicle. On the basis of realizing the functions of multi - gear reduction, differential and switching, it realizes the intensification and miniaturization of the architecture, saves the space occupied in the whole vehicle, and is conducive to the layout of the architecture in the whole vehicle.

[0046] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture, characterized in that: include: A planetary gear (3), a parallel gear train, a left half shaft (12), a right half shaft (1) and a drive motor (2); The planetary gear (3) comprises a sun gear (31), a planet carrier (32), a first planetary gear (33), a second planetary gear (35), a first ring gear (34) and a second ring gear (36); the sun gear (31) is connected to the drive motor (2) and is loosely sleeved on the right half shaft (1); the planet carrier (32) is fixed on the right half shaft (1); the first planetary gear (33) and the second planetary gear are coaxially fixed on the planet carrier (32) in a stepped manner; the first ring gear (34) is meshed with the first planetary gear (33); the sun gear (31) is meshed with the first planetary gear (33); the second ring gear (36) is meshed with the second planetary gear (35); and the first ring gear (34) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the second ring gear (36); The parallel gear train comprises a first parallel gear set (5), a second parallel gear set (7) and a gear transmission set. The first parallel gear set (5) is engaged with or disconnected from the first ring gear (34) via a first synchronizer (4). The second parallel gear set is engaged with or disconnected from the second ring gear (36) via a second synchronizer (6). The gear transmission set is connected to the left half shaft (12). The first parallel gear set (5), the second parallel gear set (7) and the gear transmission set are coaxially connected. The power of the drive motor (2) is transmitted to the right half shaft (1) and the left half shaft (12) via the planetary gear set (3) and the parallel gear train.

2. The multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a parallel shaft (9) parallel to the right half shaft (1), and the parallel shaft (9) is fixed on the differential housing; the first parallel gear set (5), the second parallel gear set (7) and the gear transmission set are coaxially connected to a hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft is loosely sleeved on the parallel shaft (9).

3. The multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first parallel gear set (5) comprises a first parallel gear (51) and a second parallel gear (52) which are meshed and driven, the first parallel gear (51) being connected to the first synchronizer (4), and the second parallel gear (52) being fixed on the hollow shaft.

4. The multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The number of teeth of the first parallel gear (51) is greater than the number of teeth of the second parallel gear (52).

5. The multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second parallel gear set (7) comprises a third parallel gear (71) and a fourth parallel gear (72) which are meshed and driven, the third parallel gear (71) being connected to the second synchronizer (6), and the fourth parallel gear (72) being fixed on the hollow shaft.

6. The multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of teeth of the third parallel gear (71) is smaller than the number of teeth of the fourth parallel gear (72).

7. The multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear transmission group comprises a fifth parallel gear (8) and a third gear ring (10) for meshing transmission, the fifth parallel gear (8) being fixed on the hollow shaft, and the third gear ring (10) being fixed on the left half shaft (12).

8. The multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of teeth on the first planetary gear (33) is greater than the number of teeth on the second planetary gear.

9. The multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A coupling device (11) is also provided between the left half shaft (12) and the right half shaft (1), and the coupling device (11) comprises a driving element (113), a coupling tooth (112) and a locking block (111); the coupling tooth (112) is connected to the driving element (113); the driving element (113) is fixed on the left half shaft (12); and the locking block (111) is fixed on the right half shaft (1); the driving element (113) drives the coupling tooth (112) to engage with or disengage from the locking block (111), so that the left half shaft (12) and the right half shaft (1) are locked or disconnected.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a multi-speed reduction differential integrated architecture as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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