Artificial leather containing mycelium component
By compositeing mycelium in the polyurethane surface layer, the problem of difficulty in achieving degradability and environmental pollution in traditional artificial leather materials is solved, and artificial leather containing mycelium components with high degradability and antibacterial properties is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421750382.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-23
AI Technical Summary
Traditional artificial leather materials are difficult to achieve degradability and have harmful effects on the environment during production, use and waste.
Using artificial leather containing mycelium components, the material's degradability and antibacterial properties are improved by combining mycelium fibers, powders, membranes and mesh in the polyurethane surface layer.
It significantly improves the degradability of artificial leather, reduces environmental pollution, and imparts antibacterial properties to the material, enhancing the mechanical properties and morphological stability of the surface.
Smart Images
Figure CN223033724U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of artificial leather, and particularly relates to an artificial leather containing a mycelium component. Background Art
[0002] Traditional artificial leather is made of materials such as PVC, PU, polyester, and polypropylene, which are sourced from petrochemicals. Essentially a plastic product, such materials not only cause the generation of microplastics during use but are also difficult to degrade. When incinerated as waste, they will also cause secondary pollution to the environment. Traditional polyurethane materials are derived from petrochemical products, so they will have harmful effects on the environment during their production, use, and disposal. With the continuous advancement of the sustainable economy, the country has increasingly emphasized environmental protection and the recyclability of resources. People's environmental awareness has been continuously enhanced, and the demand for environmentally friendly materials has also become higher and higher. Improving the degradability of petrochemical-based products has become a trend.
[0003] Regarding the degradability of artificial leather, Patent CN111455681A reported a method for preparing degradable artificial leather using agricultural and forestry waste, such as crop straws and wood, through cooking and beating. In addition, artificial leathers based on natural materials or waste, such as apple, pineapple, and cactus leathers, have received increasing attention. However, the degradability improvement of these artificial leathers obtained from natural materials is only achieved by reducing the proportion of petrochemical-based polymers, and the improvement of degradability is limited. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an artificial leather containing a mycelium component. The artificial leather containing a mycelium component in the utility model has excellent degradability and can also enhance the mechanical properties and antibacterial properties of the surface layer of the artificial leather to a certain extent.
[0005] The utility model provides an artificial leather containing a mycelium component, which includes a bottom layer and a polyurethane surface layer.
[0006] The polyurethane surface layer includes a polyurethane upper layer, a polyurethane middle layer, and a polyurethane lower layer, and the polyurethane upper layer is in contact with the bottom layer.
[0007] At least one of the polyurethane upper layer, the polyurethane middle layer, and the polyurethane lower layer is compounded with mycelium.
[0008] The mycelium includes one or more of mycelium fibers, mycelium powder, mycelium membranes, and mycelium nets.
[0009] Preferably, when the mycelium is mycelium fibers and / or mycelium powder, the mycelium is dispersed in at least one of the polyurethane upper layer, the polyurethane middle layer, and the polyurethane lower layer.
[0010] Preferably, the particle size of the mycelium powder is 25-75 μm; the diameter of the mycelium fiber is 2-3 μm, and the length is 25-75 μm.
[0011] Preferably, when the mycelium is a mycelium membrane and / or a mycelium network, the mycelium membrane and / or the mycelium network is laid on the surface of at least one of the upper polyurethane layer, the middle polyurethane layer, and the lower polyurethane layer.
[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the mycelium membrane is 15-100 μm; the thickness of the mycelium network is 15-100 μm.
[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the upper layer is 0.05-0.5 mm.
[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the middle layer is 0.1-0.3 mm.
[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the lower layer is 0.1-0.3 mm.
[0016] Preferably, the bottom layer is one or more of polyester fabric, nylon fabric, cellulose fabric, silk fabric, and wool fabric.
[0017] Preferably, the thickness of the bottom layer is 1.0-1.5 mm.
[0018] The present utility model provides an artificial leather containing a mycelium component, including a bottom layer and a polyurethane surface layer. The polyurethane surface layer includes an upper polyurethane layer, a middle polyurethane layer, and a lower polyurethane layer. The upper polyurethane layer is in contact with the bottom layer; at least one of the upper polyurethane layer, the middle polyurethane layer, and the lower polyurethane layer is compounded with mycelium; the mycelium includes one or more of mycelium fiber, mycelium powder, mycelium membrane, and mycelium network.
[0019] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0020] 1) The mycelium is a natural biodegradable material, and its addition is beneficial to increasing the content of biodegradable components in the artificial leather and realizing partial biodegradation of the material;
[0021] 2) The mycelium does not use fossil raw materials such as petroleum during the preparation process and is completely derived from microbial fermentation, and the production process is environmentally friendly and pollution-free;
[0022] 3) The mycelium has certain antibacterial properties, which can endow the artificial leather material with certain antibacterial properties;
[0023] 4) The mycelium is a fibrous substance, and it can also be ground into a powder state and added, with a large adjustable space, which can make the surface of the artificial leather have a more natural and variable texture style;
[0024] 5) Compared with natural leather, the surface layer of the commonly prepared artificial leather has relatively low tensile mechanics and is prone to large tensile deformation. The addition of mycelium has a certain strengthening effect on the surface layer material, which is beneficial to the stability of its morphology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the artificial leather containing mycelium components in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the artificial leather containing mycelium components in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;
[0028] Figures 1 - 2 In it, 1 is the surface layer, 2 is the bottom layer, 1-1 is the upper layer, 1-2 is the middle layer, 1-3 is the bottom layer, and 3 is the mycelium network. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] The present invention provides an artificial leather containing mycelium components, including a bottom layer and a polyurethane surface layer.
[0031] The polyurethane surface layer includes a polyurethane upper layer, a polyurethane middle layer, and a polyurethane lower layer, and the polyurethane upper layer is in contact with the bottom layer;
[0032] At least one of the polyurethane upper layer, the polyurethane middle layer, and the polyurethane lower layer is compounded with mycelium;
[0033] The mycelium includes one or more of mycelium fibers, mycelium powder, mycelium membranes, and mycelium networks.
[0034] In the present utility model, the bottom layer serves as the basic support material for the surface layer of artificial leather material, and is obtained by weaving or non-woven of textile materials. The textile materials include one or several of polyester, nylon, cellulose, silk, and wool. The weaving method can be knitting or weaving. The thickness of the bottom layer is preferably 1.0 - 1.5 mm.
[0035] In the present utility model, mycelium can also be added to the bottom layer. The mycelium can be added as a component of the yarn through blending during the yarn spinning process, or can be added by impregnating the fabric with a mixed solution containing mycelium.
[0036] In the present utility model, the mass ratio of the mycelium to other fibers is preferably 1:100 - 50:50, more preferably 10:90 - 40:60, such as 1:100, 5:95, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, and is preferably a range value with any of the above-mentioned values as the upper or lower limit.
[0037] In the present utility model, the surface layer is laminated on the surface of the bottom layer. The surface layer is preferably a three-layer structure, namely an upper layer, a middle layer, and a lower layer. Among them, the lower layer is in contact with the bottom layer, and mycelium is laminated in any one or several of the upper layer, the middle layer, and the lower layer.
[0038] In the present utility model, the mycelium is a mycelium aggregate composed of variously shaped fine fibers obtained by biological fermentation and criss-crossing. Specifically, the mycelium used in the present utility model is the mycelium material produced by Shanghai Yiru Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The mycelium of Shanghai Yiru Biotechnology Co., Ltd. is essentially the root system of mushrooms absorbing nutrients in the soil. By collecting, cleaning, and grinding agricultural wastes such as waste fruits, rice husks, and straws, a fruit puree raw material that is more easily absorbed and utilized by the mycelium is obtained. The mycelium is inoculated into the fruit puree raw material and fermented in a fermentation tank. Through the fermentation effect, the sugars and fibers in the fruit puree raw material are decomposed and finally converted into high-purity mycelium material. 1KG of mycelium material prepared by the production process of Shanghai Yiru Biotechnology Co., Ltd. can absorb 240KG of carbon dioxide, which can help reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and achieve negative carbon emissions.
[0039] In the present utility model, the mycelium includes one or several of mycelium powder, mycelium fiber, mycelium membrane, and mycelium net. The particle size of the mycelium powder is preferably 25 - 75μm, more preferably 40 - 50μm. The diameter of the mycelium fiber is preferably 2 - 3μm. The length of the mycelium fiber is preferably 3 - 10μm, more preferably 5 - 10μm. The thickness of the mycelium membrane is preferably 15 - 100μm. The thickness of the mycelium net is preferably 15 - 100μm.
[0040] In the present utility model, the morphology of the mycelium is different, and the way of compounding with the surface layer is different. When the mycelium is mycelium powder and / or mycelium fiber, the mycelium is dispersed in the polymer resin of any one or more of the upper layer, middle layer and lower layer. When the mycelium is mycelium film and / or mycelium net, the mycelium is laid on the surface of any one or more of the upper layer, middle layer and lower layer. In the present utility model, the morphology of the mycelium in the three-layer structures of the upper layer, middle layer and lower layer can be the same or different. For example, all three layers can use mycelium powder and / or fiber, or one or two of them can use mycelium film and / or mycelium net, and the remaining two or one layer can use mycelium powder and / or fiber, or one of the layers can not add any mycelium, and the remaining two layers are respectively compounded with any one kind of mycelium. The present utility model does not make special restrictions on this, and can be freely matched according to actual needs.
[0041] In the present utility model, the mass ratio of the mycelium in the upper layer, the mycelium in the middle layer and the mycelium in the lower layer is (0~30):(0~30):10, more preferably (0~20):(0~20):10. Specifically, it can be 10:20:10, 20:20:20, 0:10:10 or 0:0:10.
[0042] In the present utility model, the polymer resin in the surface layer includes one or more of polyurethane resin, polyvinyl chloride and natural latex; the mass ratio of the mycelium in the surface layer to the polymer resin in the surface layer is preferably 1:100~60:40, more preferably 10:90~50:50, such as 1:100, 5:95, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50 or 60:40, and is preferably a range value with any of the above values as the upper or lower limit.
[0043] In the present utility model, the upper layer includes 50~100 parts of polymer resin, 10~15 parts of color powder, and 0~30 parts of mycelium. Preferably, the weight part of the polymer resin in the upper layer is preferably 50~100 parts, more preferably 60~90 parts, such as 50 parts, 60 parts, 70 parts, 80 parts, 90 parts, 100 parts, and is preferably a range value with any of the above values as the upper or lower limit; the weight part of the color powder in the upper layer is preferably 10~15 parts, more preferably 11~14 parts, such as 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, and is preferably a range value with any of the above values as the upper or lower limit; the weight part of the mycelium in the upper layer is preferably 0~30 parts, more preferably 10~20 parts, such as 0 parts, 10 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts, and is preferably a range value with any of the above values as the upper or lower limit.
[0044] In the present utility model, the middle layer comprises 80 - 120 parts of polymer resin, 10 - 20 parts of color powder, and 0 - 30 parts of mycelium. Preferably, the weight parts of the polymer resin in the middle layer are preferably 80 - 120 parts, more preferably 90 - 110 parts, such as 80 parts, 90 parts, 100, 110 parts, 120 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of the color powder in the middle layer are preferably 10 - 20 parts, more preferably 12 - 18 parts, such as 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of the mycelium in the middle layer are preferably 0 - 30 parts, more preferably 10 - 20 parts, such as 0 parts, 10 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit.
[0045] In the present utility model, the lower layer comprises 80 - 120 parts of polymer resin, 10 - 20 parts of color powder, and 0 - 30 parts of mycelium. Preferably, the weight parts of the polymer resin in the lower layer are preferably 80 - 120 parts, more preferably 90 - 110 parts, such as 80 parts, 90 parts, 100, 110 parts, 120 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of the color powder in the lower layer are preferably 5 - 15 parts, more preferably 10 - 12 parts, such as 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of the mycelium in the lower layer are preferably 5 - 15 parts, more preferably 10 - 12 parts, such as 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit.
[0046] In the present utility model, the polymer resins in the upper layer, middle layer and lower layer can be the same or different.
[0047] In the present utility model, the thickness of the upper layer is 0.05 - 0.5 mm, more preferably 0.01 - 0.4 mm, such as 0.05 mm, 0.01 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, and is preferably a range value with any of the above-mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the thickness of the middle layer is 0.1 - 0.3 mm, more preferably 0.15 - 0.25 mm, such as 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, and is preferably a range value with any of the above-mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the thickness of the lower layer is 0.1 - 0.3 mm, more preferably 0.15 - 0.25 mm, such as 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, and is preferably a range value with any of the above-mentioned values as the upper or lower limit.
[0048] The present utility model also provides a method for preparing a leatherette containing a mycelium component, comprising the following steps:
[0049] Coat an upper layer slurry, a middle layer slurry, and a lower layer slurry on the surface of the release paper in sequence, laminate with the bottom layer after forming, and remove the release paper to obtain a leatherette containing a mycelium component;
[0050] The upper layer slurry, the middle layer slurry, and the lower layer slurry are respectively compounded with mycelium;
[0051] When the mycelium is mycelium fiber and / or mycelium powder, the compounding specifically is:
[0052] Mix the mycelium with one or several of the upper layer polymer slurry, the middle layer polymer slurry, and the lower layer polymer slurry respectively to obtain the upper layer slurry, the middle layer slurry, and the lower layer slurry;
[0053] When the mycelium is mycelium membrane and / or mycelium net, the compounding specifically is:
[0054] After coating any one of the upper layer slurry, the middle layer slurry, and the lower layer slurry, lay the mycelium on the slurry coating.
[0055] In the present utility model, the upper polymer slurry comprises 50 - 100 parts of polymer resin, 50 - 70 parts of dimethylformamide, 10 - 30 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, and 10 - 15 parts of toner powder; preferably, in the upper polymer slurry, the weight parts of the polymer resin are preferably 50 - 100 parts, more preferably 60 - 90 parts, such as 50 parts, 60 parts, 70 parts, 80 parts, 90 parts, 100 parts, preferably in a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of dimethylformamide are preferably 50 - 70 parts, more preferably 60 - 65 parts, such as 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, preferably in a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of methyl ethyl ketone are preferably 10 - 30 parts, more preferably 20 - 25 parts, such as 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts, preferably in a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of toner powder are preferably 10 - 15 parts, more preferably 11 - 14 parts, such as 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, preferably in a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; after adding mycelium into the upper polymer slurry, the upper slurry is obtained, and the weight parts of the mycelium are preferably 0 - 30 parts, more preferably 10 - 20 parts, such as 0 parts, 10 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts, preferably in a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit.
[0056] In the present utility model, after coating the upper slurry, it is preferably dried and formed in an oven. The drying temperature is preferably 90 - 110 °C, more preferably 95 - 105 °C, such as 90 °C, 95 °C, 100 °C, 105 °C, 110 °C, preferably in a range value with any of the above - mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the drying and forming time is preferably 2 - 3 min.
[0057] When using a mycelium net and / or a mycelium membrane, immediately after coating the upper slurry, lay the mycelium net and / or the mycelium membrane on the slurry coating obtained by coating, and let the solvent volatilize naturally for 10 - 15 min, and then dry it according to the above - mentioned drying process.
[0058] In the present utility model, the middle-layer polymer slurry includes 80 - 120 parts of polymer resin and 10 - 20 parts of color powder. Preferably, in the middle-layer polymer slurry, the weight parts of the polymer resin are preferably 80 - 120 parts, more preferably 90 - 110 parts, such as 80 parts, 90 parts, 100 parts, 110 parts, 120 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above-mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of dimethylformamide are preferably 50 - 70 parts, more preferably 60 - 65 parts, such as 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above-mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of methyl ethyl ketone are preferably 10 - 30 parts, more preferably 20 - 25 parts, such as 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above-mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of color powder are preferably 10 - 20 parts, more preferably 12 - 18 parts, such as 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above-mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; after adding mycelium to the middle-layer polymer slurry, the middle-layer slurry is obtained, and the weight parts of the mycelium are preferably 0 - 30 parts, more preferably 10 - 20 parts, such as 0 parts, 10 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above-mentioned values as the upper or lower limit.
[0059] In the present utility model, after coating the middle-layer slurry, it is preferably dried and formed in an oven. The drying temperature is preferably 90 - 110 °C, more preferably 95 - 105 °C, such as 90 °C, 95 °C, 100 °C, 105 °C, 110 °C, preferably a range value with any of the above-mentioned values as the upper or lower limit; the drying and forming time is preferably 2 - 3 min.
[0060] When using a mycelium net and / or a mycelium membrane, immediately after coating the middle-layer slurry, lay the mycelium net and / or the mycelium membrane on the slurry coating obtained by coating, and let the solvent volatilize naturally for 10 - 15 min, and then dry it according to the above drying process.
[0061] In the present utility model, the lower-layer polymer slurry comprises 80 - 120 parts of polymer resin, 20 - 50 parts of dimethylformamide, 5 - 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, and 10 - 20 parts of color powder. Preferably, in the lower-layer polymer slurry, the weight parts of the polymer resin are preferably 80 - 120 parts, more preferably 90 - 110 parts, such as 80 parts, 90 parts, 100 parts, 110 parts, 120 parts, and are preferably in the range with any of the above values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of the dimethylformamide are preferably 20 - 50 parts, more preferably 30 - 40 parts, such as 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, and are preferably in the range with any of the above values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of the methyl ethyl ketone are preferably 5 - 20 parts, such as 10 - 15 parts, such as 5 parts, 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, and are preferably in the range with any of the above values as the upper or lower limit; the weight parts of the color powder are preferably 5 - 15 parts, more preferably 10 - 12 parts, such as 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, and are preferably in the range with any of the above values as the upper or lower limit; after adding mycelium into the lower-layer polymer slurry, the lower-layer slurry is obtained, and the weight parts of the mycelium in the lower layer are preferably 5 - 15 parts, more preferably 10 - 12 parts, such as 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, and are preferably in the range with any of the above values as the upper or lower limit.
[0062] In the present utility model, after coating the lower-layer slurry, the bottom layer is wet-pasted with the lower-layer slurry coating, and then dried and formed in an oven. The temperature of the drying is preferably 110 - 120 °C, more preferably 115 - 120 °C, such as 110 °C, 115 °C, 120 °C, and is preferably in the range with any of the above values as the upper or lower limit; the time of the drying and forming is preferably 10 - 12 min, more preferably 11 - 12 min.
[0063] When using a mycelium net and / or a mycelium membrane, after coating the lower-layer slurry is completed, the mycelium net and / or the mycelium membrane are immediately laid on the slurry coating obtained by coating, and the solvent is volatilized naturally for 10 - 15 min, and then dried according to the above drying process.
[0064] The present utility model provides an artificial leather containing a mycelium component, comprising a bottom layer and a surface layer; the surface layer comprises a polymer resin and mycelium dispersed in the polymer resin. The surface layer comprises an upper layer, a middle layer, and a lower layer, and the upper layer is in contact with the bottom layer; the mass ratio of the mycelium in the upper layer, the mycelium in the middle layer, and the mycelium in the lower layer is (0 - 30) : (0 - 30) : 10.
[0065] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:
[0066] 1) The mycelium is a natural degradable material. Its addition helps to increase the content of degradable components in artificial leather, achieving partial degradation of the material.
[0067] 2) No fossil raw materials such as petroleum are used in the preparation of the mycelium. It is completely derived from microbial fermentation, and the production process is environmentally friendly and pollution-free.
[0068] 3) The mycelium has certain antibacterial properties, which can endow the artificial leather material with certain antibacterial properties.
[0069] 4) The mycelium is a fibrous substance, which can also be ground into a powder state and added. It has a large adjustable space, enabling the surface of the artificial leather to have a more natural and variable texture style.
[0070] 5) Compared with natural leather, the surface layer of commonly prepared artificial leather has relatively low tensile mechanics and is prone to large tensile deformations. The addition of the mycelium has a certain strengthening effect on the surface layer material, which is beneficial to the stability of its shape.
[0071] Example 1
[0072] The base uses ultra-fine fiber non-woven fabric.
[0073] The surface layer adopts a three-layer scraping coating form. From the release paper outwards, there are the upper layer, the middle layer, and the lower layer.
[0074] Step 1: Upper layer: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 16 parts of color powder, and 10 parts of 400-mesh mycelium raw material evenly to obtain a surface layer slurry with a viscosity of 1800 - 2500 cps; scrape the prepared slurry on the surface of the release paper with a steel rod. The gap between the steel rod and the surface of the release paper is 0.12 mm. After scraping, send it into an oven at 90 - 110 °C and bake for 2 - 3 min.
[0075] Step 2: Middle layer: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 16 parts of color powder, and 20 parts of 400-mesh mycelium raw material evenly to obtain a surface layer slurry with a viscosity of 2500 - 3000 cps; scrape the prepared slurry on the material obtained in Step 1 and use a steel roller for scraping. The gap between the steel roller and the surface of the release paper is set to 0.15 mm. After scraping, send it into an oven at 90 - 110 °C and bake for 2 - 3 min.
[0076] Step 3: Lower layer and lamination: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 30 parts of dimethylformamide, 10 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 10 parts of color powder, and 10 parts of 400-mesh mycelium raw material evenly to obtain a bottom layer slurry, and make a slurry with a viscosity of 14,000 - 16,000 cps; coat the prepared slurry on the release paper coated with the upper layer slurry and the middle layer slurry prepared in Step 2, then wet-paste the base layer, bake it in an oven at 110 - 120 °C for 10 - 12 min, and remove the release paper after forming to obtain a mycelium-containing artificial leather material.
[0077] Example 2
[0078] The base uses cotton woven fabric.
[0079] The surface layer is in the form of three-layer scraping coating, with the release paper facing outwards being the upper layer, the middle layer, and the lower layer respectively.
[0080] Step 1: Upper layer: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 16 parts of color powder, and 20 parts of 800-mesh mycelium raw material evenly to obtain a surface layer slurry, and make a slurry with a viscosity of 2,500 - 3,000 cps; coat the prepared slurry on the surface of the release paper using a steel rod, with the gap between the steel rod and the surface of the release paper being 0.12 mm. After scraping coating, send it into an oven at 90 - 110 °C and bake for 2 - 3 min;
[0081] Step 2: Middle layer: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 16 parts of color powder, and 20 parts of 800-mesh mycelium raw material evenly to obtain a surface layer slurry, and make a slurry with a viscosity of 2,500 - 3,000 cps; scrape coat the prepared slurry on the material obtained in Step 1, and use a steel roller for scraping coating. Set the gap between the steel roller and the surface of the release paper to 0.15 mm. After scraping coating, send it into an oven at 90 - 110 °C and bake for 2 - 3 min;
[0082] Step 3: Lower layer and lamination: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 30 parts of dimethylformamide, 10 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 10 parts of color powder, and 10 parts of 800-mesh mycelium raw material evenly to obtain a bottom layer slurry, and make a slurry with a viscosity of 14,000 - 16,000 cps; coat the prepared slurry on the release paper coated with the upper layer slurry and the middle layer slurry prepared in Step 2, then wet-paste the base layer, bake it in an oven at 110 - 120 °C for 10 - 12 min, and remove the release paper after forming to obtain a mycelium-containing artificial leather material.
[0083] Example 3
[0084] The base uses tencel woven fabric.
[0085] The surface layer is in the form of three-layer scraping coating, with the release paper facing outwards being the upper layer, the middle layer, and the lower layer respectively.
[0086] Step 1: Upper layer: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, and 13 parts of color powder evenly to obtain a surface layer slurry with a viscosity of 2500 - 3000 cps; scrape the prepared slurry on the surface of the release paper using a steel rod, with the gap between the steel rod and the surface of the release paper being 0.12 mm. After scraping, send it into an oven at 90 - 110 °C and bake for 2 - 3 minutes;
[0087] Step 2: Middle layer: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 16 parts of color powder, and 10 parts of 400 - mesh mycelium raw material evenly to obtain a surface layer slurry with a viscosity of 2500 - 3000 cps; scrape the prepared slurry on the material obtained in Step 1, and use a steel roller for scraping. Set the gap between the steel roller and the surface of the release paper to 0.15 mm. After scraping, send it into an oven at 90 - 110 °C and bake for 2 - 3 minutes;
[0088] Step 3: Lower layer and lamination: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40 parts of dimethylformamide, 10 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 10 parts of color powder, and 10 parts of 400 - mesh mycelium raw material evenly to obtain a bottom layer slurry with a viscosity of 13000 - 15000 cps; coat the prepared slurry on the release paper coated with the upper layer slurry and the middle layer slurry prepared in Step 2, then wet - laminate the base layer, and bake it in an oven at 110 - 120 °C for 10 - 12 minutes. After molding, remove the release paper to obtain a mycelium - containing artificial leather material.
[0089] Example 4
[0090] The base is made of silk - woven fabric.
[0091] The surface layer adopts a three - layer scraping form. From the release paper outwards, there are an upper layer, a middle layer, and a lower layer.
[0092] Step 1: Upper layer: Mix 50 parts of polyurethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, and 5 parts of color powder evenly to obtain a surface layer slurry with a viscosity of 800 - 1500 cps; scrape the prepared slurry on the surface of the release paper using a steel rod, with the gap between the steel rod and the surface of the release paper being 0.08 mm. Immediately after scraping, lay the mycelium network prepared from mycelium on the slurry coating obtained by scraping. After the solvent volatilizes naturally for 10 minutes, send it into an oven at 90 - 110 °C and bake for 2 - 3 minutes.
[0093] Step 2: Middle layer: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, and 13 parts of color powder evenly to obtain a surface layer slurry, and make a slurry with a viscosity of 2500 - 3000 cps; scrape the prepared slurry onto the material obtained in Step 1, use the prepared slurry for scraping, and the gap between the steel roller and the surface of the release paper is 0.3 mm. After scraping, send it into an oven at 90 - 110 °C and bake for 2 - 3 minutes;
[0094] Step 3: Lower layer and lamination: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 40 parts of dimethylformamide, 10 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, 10 parts of color powder, and 10 parts of 400 - mesh mycelium raw material evenly to obtain a bottom layer slurry, and make a slurry with a viscosity of 13000 - 15000 cps; coat the prepared slurry on the release paper coated with the upper layer slurry and the middle layer slurry prepared in Step 2, then wet - stick the base layer, bake it in an oven at 110 - 120 °C for 10 - 12 minutes, and remove the release paper after forming to obtain artificial leather material containing mycelium.
[0095] Comparative Example 1
[0096] The base uses ultra - fine fiber non - woven fabric.
[0097] The surface layer adopts a three - layer scraping form, with the release paper facing outwards being the upper layer, the middle layer, and the lower layer respectively.
[0098] Step 1: Upper layer: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, and 16 parts of color powder evenly to obtain a surface layer slurry, and make a slurry with a viscosity of 1800 - 2500 cps; scrape the prepared slurry on the surface of the release paper using a steel roller, and the gap between the steel roller and the surface of the release paper is 0.12 mm. After scraping, send it into an oven at 90 - 110 °C and bake for 2 - 3 minutes;
[0099] Step 2: Middle layer: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 60 parts of dimethylformamide, 20 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, and 16 parts of color powder evenly to obtain a surface layer slurry, and make a slurry with a viscosity of 2500 - 3000 cps; scrape the prepared slurry onto the material obtained in Step 1, use a steel roller for scraping, and set the gap between the steel roller and the surface of the release paper to 0.15 mm. After scraping, send it into an oven at 90 - 110 °C and bake for 2 - 3 minutes;
[0100] Step 3: Lower layer and lamination: Mix 100 parts of polyurethane resin, 30 parts of dimethylformamide, 10 parts of methyl ethyl ketone, and 10 parts of color powder evenly to obtain a bottom layer slurry, and make a slurry with a viscosity of 14000 - 16000 cps; coat the prepared slurry on the release paper coated with the upper layer slurry and the middle layer slurry prepared in Step 2, then wet - stick the base layer, bake it in an oven at 110 - 120 °C for 10 - 12 minutes, and remove the release paper after forming to obtain artificial leather material.
[0101] The performance of the artificial leather materials obtained in the examples and comparative examples was tested. Among them, the tensile load was tested in accordance with QB / T 2710-2005, the tear load (N) was tested in accordance with GB / T 529-2008, the peel load was tested in accordance with ISO 11644-2009, the Taber abrasion resistance was tested in accordance with ISO 5470-1, the hydrolysis resistance was tested in accordance with QB / T 4671-2014, the elongation at break (%) was tested in accordance with QB / T 2710-2005, and the antibacterial rate was tested in accordance with GB / T20944.3-2008. The results are shown in Table 1:
[0102] Table 1 Performance data of the artificial leather obtained in the examples and comparative examples
[0103]
Claims
1. An artificial leather containing mycelium components, comprising a bottom layer and a polyurethane surface layer, The polyurethane surface layer comprises a polyurethane upper layer, a polyurethane middle layer and a polyurethane lower layer, and the polyurethane upper layer is in contact with the bottom layer; At least one of the polyurethane upper layer, the polyurethane middle layer and the polyurethane lower layer is composited with mycelium; The mycelium includes one or more of mycelium fibers, mycelium powder, mycelium film and mycelium net.
2. The artificial leather containing mycelium components according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the mycelium is mycelium fiber and / or mycelium powder, mycelium is dispersed in at least one of the polyurethane upper layer, the polyurethane middle layer and the polyurethane lower layer.
3. The artificial leather containing mycelium components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the mycelium powder is 25-75 μm; the diameter of the mycelium fiber is 2-3 μm, and the length is 3-10 μm.
4. The artificial leather containing mycelium components according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the mycelium is a mycelium film and / or a mycelium net, the surface of at least one of the polyurethane upper layer, the polyurethane middle layer and the polyurethane lower layer is paved with a mycelium film and / or a mycelium net.
5. The artificial leather containing mycelium components according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the mycelium film is 15-100 μm; the thickness of the mycelium net is 15-100 μm.
6. The artificial leather containing mycelium components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the upper layer is 0.05-0.5 mm.
7. The artificial leather containing mycelium components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the middle layer is 0.1-0.3 mm.
8. The artificial leather containing mycelium components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the lower layer is 0.1-0.3 mm.
9. The artificial leather containing mycelium components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom layer is one or more of polyester fabric, nylon fabric, cellulose fabric, silk fabric and wool fabric.
10. The artificial leather containing mycelium components according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the bottom layer is 1.0-1.5 mm.