Anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure of basement outer wall
By adopting a double-layer wall structure and a continuous waterproof barrier on the basement exterior wall, combined with the melon seed pad and drainage concealed pipe, the problem of prone to cracks and water vapor penetration in the basement exterior wall is solved, and a stronger anti-cracking and seepage effect is achieved, protecting the basement interior environment and property.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422281015.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-19
AI Technical Summary
The basement exterior wall is susceptible to soil pressure to cause cracks, damage to the waterproof structure, leading to water vapor penetration, causing damage to the wall and a humid environment, and thus damaging the basement interior items and causing property damage.
A double-layer wall structure is adopted, and a gap is set between the first wall and the second wall, combining the outer waterproof layer, the inner waterproof layer, the polymer anti-seepage film layer and the fiber reinforcement layer to form a continuous waterproof barrier to reduce water vapor infiltration, and collect and discharge water vapor through the melon seed pad layer and drainage concealed pipe.
It effectively improves the anti-crack and seepage capability of the basement exterior wall, reduces water vapor penetration, avoids further damage to the wall and the formation of a humid basement environment, protects items in the basement, and avoids property losses.
Smart Images
Figure CN223034060U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of building walls, and particularly relates to an anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for the basement exterior wall. Background Technique
[0002] A basement refers to a room whose floor is lower than the outdoor ground level. Multi-story and high-rise buildings require deeper foundations. To utilize this height, a basement is built under the ground floor of the building to increase the usable floor area of the building. Basements are divided into ordinary basements and civil air defense basements. An ordinary basement is an extension of the building space underground, usually a single layer, serving functions such as gyms, warehouses, equipment rooms, garages, shopping malls, etc. A civil air defense basement is a reinforced concrete airtight hexahedron, which is a temporary residence for people prepared for air defense, explosion protection, chemical protection, nuclear protection, etc. during wartime. A civil air defense basement is usually used as a parking lot during peacetime.
[0003] Among them, since the basement is underground for a long time, its waterproof function is particularly important. In ordinary basements, methods such as strengthening the wall structure and using waterproof materials are mostly used to improve the anti-seepage ability of the basement exterior wall. However, since the outer surface of the exterior wall is in contact with the external foundation soil, it will be subjected to soil pressure. During long-term use, it is easy to cause cracks on the wall surface and damage the waterproof structure on the wall surface. Furthermore, it will cause water vapor in the soil to penetrate into the basement interior through the gaps, causing further damage to the basement wall surface, and it is easy to make the basement in a humid environment, causing mildew of the items inside the basement and resulting in property losses.
[0004] Therefore, it is very necessary to invent an anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for the basement exterior wall to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for the basement exterior wall to solve the problems in the technology that the exterior wall is subjected to soil pressure, which is easy to cause cracks on the wall surface, damage the waterproof structure on the wall surface, and further cause water vapor in the soil to penetrate into the basement interior through the gaps, causing further damage to the basement wall surface, and it is easy to make the basement in a humid environment, causing mildew of the items inside the basement and resulting in property losses.
[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: an anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for the basement exterior wall, including a foundation soil structure, a foundation pit is opened on the surface of the foundation soil structure, an exterior wall structure is arranged at the edge of the bottom of the foundation pit, and the exterior wall structure includes a concrete base layer, a first wall, an outer waterproof layer, a second wall, an inner waterproof layer, a fiber reinforced layer, a high molecular anti-seepage membrane layer, a drainage blind pipe and a pebble cushion layer. The concrete base layer is poured at the edge of the bottom of the foundation pit, and a concrete floor is poured between the concrete base layers.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, through the double-layer wall setting, the first wall blocks the water vapor in the foundation soil structure, reduces the infiltration of water vapor, and there is a gap between the first wall and the second wall, further preventing the water vapor from penetrating into the interior of the second wall. At the same time, in cooperation with the inner waterproof layer, fiber-reinforced layer, and polymer impermeable membrane layer, the strength of the wall structure is further improved, the wall cracking is reduced, and the water vapor penetration is avoided.
[0008] Optionally, the first wall is poured in the middle position on the upper surface of the concrete base layer, and the outer waterproof layer is laid on the outer surface of the first wall.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the first wall and the outer waterproof layer conduct the first blocking of the water vapor in the foundation soil structure.
[0010] Optionally, the second wall is poured in a position close to the inner side on the upper surface of the concrete base layer, and the inner waterproof layer is laid on the inner surface of the second wall.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the gap between the first wall and the second wall conducts the secondary blocking of the infiltrated water vapor, and at the same time when part of the water vapor penetrates into the interior of the second wall, the inner waterproof layer conducts the re-blocking of the water vapor, effectively preventing the water vapor from infiltrating into the room.
[0012] Optionally, the fiber-reinforced layer is laid on the surface of the inner waterproof layer.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the fiber-reinforced layer is used to enhance the crack resistance of the wall and avoid damaging the waterproof layer.
[0014] Optionally, the polymer impermeable membrane layer is laid on the surface of the inner waterproof layer.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the polymer impermeable membrane layer is used to further improve the waterproof performance of the wall.
[0016] Optionally, a plurality of groups of drainage pipes are laid at positions on the upper surface of the concrete base layer outside the first wall, and a plurality of groups of water seepage holes are opened on the upper surfaces of the drainage pipes.
[0017] Optionally, the pebble cushion layer is laid between the first wall and the side wall of the foundation pit.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the pebble cushion layer has good permeability. The water vapor infiltrating into the pebbles will adhere to the surface of the pebbles and quickly seep down through the gaps between the pebbles into the interior of the drainage pipes, and the drainage pipes collect the water vapor into a water flow and discharge it outwards.
[0019] Optionally, a floor waterproof layer is laid on the surface of the concrete floor.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the ground waterproof layer is used to prevent water vapor from penetrating from the concrete ground into the room.
[0021] In the above technical solution, the technical effects and advantages provided by the present utility model are as follows:
[0022] 1. Through the double-layer wall setting of the present utility model, there is a gap between the first wall and the second wall, reducing the infiltration of water vapor. At the same time, in cooperation with the outer waterproof layer, the inner waterproof layer, and the polymer anti-seepage membrane layer, the anti-seepage ability is further improved. And through the fiber reinforcement layer, wall cracking is reduced, damage to the waterproof layer is avoided, further preventing water vapor penetration, and thus effectively improving the anti-cracking and anti-seepage ability of the basement exterior wall. It solves the problem that the exterior wall is under the pressure of the soil, which easily causes cracks on the wall surface, damages the waterproof structure on the wall surface, and then leads to the infiltration of water vapor in the soil through the gaps into the basement interior, causing further damage to the basement wall surface, and easily making the basement in a humid environment, causing mildew of the items inside the basement and resulting in property losses.
[0023] 2. By laying a pebble cushion layer between the first wall and the side wall of the foundation pit in the present utility model, the water vapor infiltrating from the foundation soil structure into the pebbles will adhere to the surface of the pebbles and quickly seep down into the internal drainage blind pipe through the gaps between the pebbles, and the drainage blind pipe collects the water vapor into a water flow and discharges it outward. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the concrete ground structure of the present utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exterior wall structure of the present utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the drainage blind pipe structure of the present utility model;
[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first wall and the second wall structure of the present utility model.
[0029] Description of the reference numerals:
[0030] 1. Foundation soil structure; 11. Foundation pit; 2. Concrete base; 21. First wall; 22. Outer waterproof layer; 23. Second wall; 24. Inner waterproof layer; 25. Fiber reinforcement layer; 26. Polymer anti-seepage membrane layer; 27. Drainage blind pipe; 28. Water seepage hole; 29. Pebble cushion layer; 3. Concrete ground; 31. Ground waterproof layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0032] The utility model provides Figures 1 to 3 The illustrated example is a basement exterior wall anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure, comprising a soil base structure 1, a foundation pit 11 being provided on the surface of the soil base structure 1, an exterior wall structure being provided at the edge of the bottom of the foundation pit 11, the exterior wall structure comprising a concrete base 2, a first wall 21, an outer waterproof layer 22, a second wall 23, an inner waterproof layer 24, a fiber reinforced layer 25, a polymer anti-seepage membrane layer 26, a drainage concealed pipe 27 and a melon seed slice cushion layer 29, the concrete base 2 being cast at the edge of the bottom of the foundation pit 11, a concrete floor 3 being cast between the concrete bases 2, and a floor waterproof layer 31 being laid on the surface of the concrete floor 3.
[0033] Among them, a certain gap is reserved between the first wall 21 and the second wall 23 to prevent water vapor from directly penetrating from the first wall 21 to the inside of the second wall 23, thereby reducing the amount of water vapor penetration. The concrete base 2, the first wall 21, the second wall 23 and the concrete floor 3 are all cast with high-strength concrete to ensure the basic strength of the wall and the floor. The outer waterproof layer 22 and the inner waterproof layer 24 are both made of special waterproof coatings to form a continuous waterproof barrier. The fiber reinforcement layer 25 uses alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth to enhance the crack resistance of the wall. The polymer anti-seepage membrane layer 26 is used as the outermost layer. It uses polymer materials such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, has good ductility and anti-seepage effect, and is the last barrier against infiltration.
[0034] In addition, during the construction of the exterior wall of the basement, a circle of concrete base 2 is first poured at the edge of the foundation pit 11, and then the first wall 21 is poured in the middle of the upper surface of the concrete base 2, and the second wall 23 is poured on the inner side of the upper surface of the concrete base 2. Next, the concrete floor 3 is poured on the inner side of the concrete base 2, and then the outer waterproof layer 22 is applied to the outer surface of the first wall 21, and a drainage pipe 27 is laid on the upper surface of the concrete base 2 at a position outside the first wall 21, and then a melon seed slice cushion layer 29 is laid between the drainage pipe 27, the first wall 21 and the side wall of the foundation pit 11, and compacted.
[0035] At the same time, an inner waterproof layer 24 and a ground waterproof layer 31 are coated on the inner surface of the second wall 23 and the surface of the concrete floor 3 respectively, and then a fiber reinforced layer 25 is laid on the surface of the inner waterproof layer 24, and a polymer waterproof membrane layer 26 is laid on the surface of the fiber reinforced layer 25.
[0036] See also Figures 3 to 5, the first wall 21 is poured at the middle position on the upper surface of the concrete base 2, the outer waterproof layer 22 is laid on the outer surface of the first wall 21, the second wall 23 is poured at the position near the inner side on the upper surface of the concrete base 2, the inner waterproof layer 24 is laid on the inner surface of the second wall 23, the fiber reinforced layer 25 is laid on the surface of the inner waterproof layer 24, the polymer impermeable membrane layer 26 is laid on the surface of the inner waterproof layer 24, and multiple groups of drainage pipes 27 are laid at the position on the upper surface of the concrete base 2 outside the first wall 21. Multiple groups of water seepage holes 28 are opened on the upper surface of the drainage pipes 27, and the pebble cushion layer 29 is laid between the first wall 21 and the side wall of the foundation pit 11.
[0037] Specifically, during use, after the water vapor inside the base soil structure 1 penetrates into the pebble cushion layer 29, it will adhere to the surface of the pebbles and penetrate downward through the gaps between the pebble cushion layers 29, and penetrate into the drainage pipes 27 through the water seepage holes 28. The water vapor is collected into water flow and discharged. Then, the outer waterproof layer 22 blocks part of the water vapor that passes through the pebble cushion layer 29. When the outer waterproof layer 22 is damaged and the water vapor enters the first wall 21, the gap between the first wall 21 and the second wall 23 will reduce the penetration of the water vapor and reduce the water vapor entering the second wall 23. At the same time, the inner waterproof layer 24 and the polymer impermeable membrane layer 26 cooperate to block the water vapor inside the second wall 23 and prevent the water vapor from penetrating into the room. At the same time, the fiber reinforced layer 25 enhances the crack resistance of the wall and prevents the inner waterproof layer 24 and the polymer impermeable membrane layer 26 from cracking, further improving the waterproof ability of the exterior wall.
[0038] The working principle of the present utility model: Through the double-layer wall setting, there is a gap between the first wall 21 and the second wall 23, which reduces the infiltration of water vapor. At the same time, in cooperation with the outer waterproof layer 22, the inner waterproof layer 24, and the polymer impermeable membrane layer 26, the waterproof ability is further improved. And through the fiber reinforced layer 25, the wall cracking is reduced, the damage to the waterproof layer is avoided, and the water vapor penetration is further avoided, thereby effectively improving the crack resistance and waterproof ability of the basement exterior wall.
[0039] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only the preferred examples of the present utility model and do not limit the present utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, the present utility model will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present utility model claimed.
Claims
1. A basement exterior wall anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure, comprising a base soil structure (1), characterized in that: A foundation pit (11) is provided on the surface of the foundation soil structure (1), and an outer wall structure is provided at the edge of the bottom of the foundation pit (11). The outer wall structure comprises a concrete base (2), a first wall (21), an outer waterproof layer (22), a second wall (23), an inner waterproof layer (24), a fiber reinforcement layer (25), a polymer anti-seepage membrane layer (26), a drainage concealed pipe (27), and a melon seed slice cushion layer (29). The concrete base (2) is cast at the edge of the bottom of the foundation pit (11), and a concrete floor (3) is cast between the concrete bases (2).
2. The anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for basement exterior walls according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first wall (21) is cast at the middle position of the upper surface of the concrete base (2), and the outer waterproof layer (22) is laid on the outer surface of the first wall (21).
3. The anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for basement exterior walls according to claim 2 is characterized by: The second wall (23) is cast on the upper surface of the concrete base (2) at a position close to the inner side, and the inner waterproof layer (24) is laid on the inner surface of the second wall (23).
4. The anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for basement exterior walls according to claim 1 is characterized by: The fiber reinforcement layer (25) is laid on the surface of the inner waterproof layer (24).
5. The anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for basement exterior walls according to claim 1 is characterized by: The polymer anti-seepage membrane layer (26) is laid on the surface of the inner waterproof layer (24).
6. The anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for basement exterior walls according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of groups of concealed drainage pipes (27) are laid on the upper surface of the concrete base layer (2) at a position outside the first wall (21), and a plurality of groups of water seepage holes (28) are provided on the upper surface of the concealed drainage pipes (27).
7. The anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for basement exterior walls according to claim 1 is characterized by: The melon seed slice cushion layer (29) is laid between the first wall (21) and the side wall of the foundation pit (11).
8. The anti-cracking and anti-seepage structure for basement exterior walls according to claim 1 is characterized by: The surface of the concrete floor (3) is paved with a floor waterproofing layer (31).