Rock drill capable of automatically adjusting impact frequency according to rock state

Abstract

The rock drill capable of automatically adjusting the impact frequency according to the rock state comprises a rock drill body, an impact cylinder body, an impact piston and a reversing valve are arranged on the rock drill body, and the impact piston is installed in the impact cylinder body. A piston stroke pressure cavity, a piston return stroke pressure cavity and a piston middle cavity are formed between the impact piston and the impact cylinder body, the piston return stroke pressure cavity is connected with a system oil supply port through a frequency modulation mechanism, an oil inlet of the reversing valve is connected with the system oil supply port, and an oil return port of the reversing valve is communicated with the piston middle cavity. And an oil outlet of the reversing valve is communicated with the piston stroke pressure cavity. In the rock drilling process, the impact frequency and the impact energy can be automatically switched according to the rock state, the drilling requirements of different rock states are met, rapid drilling is achieved, the preset pressure for frequency switching of the rock drill can be rapidly set through a drill carriage manipulator, and parameterization and automation are easy to achieve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rock drills, in particular to a rock drill that can automatically adjust the impact frequency according to the rock state. Background Technique

[0002] Hydraulic rock drills are developing towards high frequency, high pressure and rapid commutation, which puts forward higher requirements for the frequency and impact energy of hydraulic rock drills. For rock drills with the same power, due to the same piston mass, a high impact frequency means a relatively low impact energy per single strike, which is suitable for soft rock drilling. A long working stroke and a large impact energy with a low frequency are suitable for hard rock drilling. During the rock drilling process, it is necessary to adjust according to different rock states to meet the requirements of the rock state. For soft rock, it is necessary to increase the impact frequency and reduce the impact energy. For hard rock, it is necessary to increase the impact energy to break the rock. To improve the drilling speed of the rock drill and solve the problems of impact frequency and impact energy during the operation of the rock drill, so as to adapt to rapid drilling under different rock states.

[0003] The frequency of conventional rock drills is fixed or the frequency must be adjusted manually by disassembling and assembling after stopping the machine. The operation is inconvenient, it is not easy to achieve automatic control, and it cannot adapt to complex rock state working conditions.

[0004] Therefore, a rock drill that can automatically adjust the impact frequency according to the rock state is proposed. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a rock drill that can automatically adjust the impact frequency according to the rock state, so as to solve the technical problems that the frequency of conventional rock drills is fixed or the frequency must be adjusted manually by disassembling and assembling after stopping the machine, the operation is inconvenient, it is not easy to achieve automatic control, and it cannot adapt to complex rock state working conditions.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A rock drill that can automatically adjust the impact frequency according to the rock state includes a rock drill body, which is provided with an impact cylinder body, an impact piston and a reversing valve. The impact piston is installed in the impact cylinder body. A piston stroke pressure chamber, a piston return pressure chamber and a piston middle chamber are formed between the impact piston and the impact cylinder body. The piston return pressure chamber is connected to the system oil supply port through a frequency modulation mechanism. The oil inlet of the reversing valve is connected to the system oil supply port. The oil return port of the reversing valve is communicated with the piston middle chamber. The oil outlet of the reversing valve is communicated with the piston stroke pressure chamber.

[0008] The frequency modulation mechanism includes a frequency modulation valve core and an adjustment groove. The adjustment groove is formed in the impact cylinder block. A plurality of lower oil passages are formed inside the impact cylinder block. The lower ends of the lower oil passages can communicate with the piston return pressure chamber, and the upper ends of the lower oil passages communicate with the lower end inside the adjustment groove. The top of the adjustment groove is provided with upper oil passages that are equal in number to and correspond one by one with the lower oil passages. The upper oil passages are connected to the system oil supply port through pipelines. The frequency modulation valve core is slidably arranged inside the adjustment groove. One end of the adjustment groove communicates with a feedback pressure mechanism, and the other end of the adjustment groove communicates with a preset pressure mechanism.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preset pressure mechanism includes a preset pressure device. A connecting nozzle is fixedly installed at one end of the adjustment groove. The connecting nozzle communicates with the inside of the impact cylinder block. The preset pressure device is connected to the connecting nozzle through a preset oil passage.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a spring is arranged inside the adjustment groove. One end of the spring abuts against one side of the frequency modulation valve core, and the other end of the spring abuts against one end of the connecting nozzle.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, sealing rings are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the frequency modulation valve core.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feedback pressure mechanism includes a buffer pressure feedback oil passage. A buffer piston is arranged inside one end of the impact cylinder block. A pressure feedback oil chamber is formed between the buffer piston and the impact cylinder block. The pressure feedback oil chamber communicates with the end of the adjustment groove away from the connecting nozzle through the buffer pressure feedback oil passage.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, four lower oil passages are provided.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, a rock drill of the present invention capable of automatically adjusting the impact frequency according to the rock state has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. During the rock drilling process, it can automatically switch the impact frequency and impact energy according to the rock state, meet the drilling requirements of different rock states, and achieve rapid drilling.

[0016] 2. The preset pressure for the frequency switching of the rock drill can be quickly set by the driller operator, which is easy to realize parameterization and automation.

[0017] 3. It can automatically adjust the impact stroke to reduce the energy consumption loss of the rock drill and reduce sticking of the drill and drill tool consumption. Description of the Drawings

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only individual cases of the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the embodiment of the present utility model in a high-frequency and low-impact state;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged structure diagram of part A in;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the embodiment of the present utility model in a low-frequency and high-impact state;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged structure diagram of part B in.

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] 1. Rock drill cylinder block; 101. Adjusting groove; 102. Lower oil circuit; 103. Upper oil circuit; 2. Impact piston; 201. Piston stroke pressure chamber; 202. Piston return pressure chamber; 3. Directional control valve; 4. Preset pressure device; 401. Preset oil circuit; 5. Frequency modulation valve core; 501. Connecting nozzle; 502. Spring; 503. Sealing ring; 6. Buffer pressure feedback oil circuit; 601. Buffer piston; 602. Pressure feedback oil chamber. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following further elaborates on the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; it may be the communication inside two components; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0028] See Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a rock drill that can automatically adjust the impact frequency according to the rock state, including a rock drill body, on which there are an impact cylinder 1, an impact piston 2, and a reversing valve 3.

[0029] The impact piston 2 is installed in the impact cylinder 1. A piston stroke pressure chamber 201, a piston return pressure chamber 202, and a piston middle chamber are formed between the impact piston 2 and the impact cylinder 1. The piston return pressure chamber 202 is connected to the system oil supply port through a frequency modulation mechanism. The oil inlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the system oil supply port, and the oil outlet of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the piston stroke pressure chamber 201. The frequency modulation mechanism includes a frequency modulation valve core 5 and an adjustment groove 101, and the adjustment groove 101 is opened on the impact cylinder 1.

[0030] A plurality of lower oil passages 102 are opened inside the impact cylinder 1. The lower ends of the lower oil passages 102 can be connected to the piston return pressure chamber 202, and the upper ends of the lower oil passages 102 are connected to the lower end inside the adjustment groove 101. The top of the adjustment groove 101 is provided with upper oil passages 103 that are equal in number to and correspond one by one with the lower oil passages 102. In the embodiment of the present utility model, there are four lower oil passages 102. The upper oil passages 103 are connected to the system oil supply port through pipelines. The frequency modulation valve core 5 is slidably arranged inside the adjustment groove 101, and one end of the adjustment groove 101 is connected to a feedback pressure mechanism.

[0031] The feedback pressure mechanism includes a buffer pressure feedback oil passage 6. A buffer piston 601 is arranged inside one end of the impact cylinder 1. A pressure feedback oil chamber 602 is formed between the buffer piston 601 and the impact cylinder 1. The pressure feedback oil chamber 602 is connected to one end of the adjustment groove 101 away from the connection nozzle 501 through the buffer pressure feedback oil passage 6, and the other end of the adjustment groove 101 is connected to a preset pressure mechanism.

[0032] The preset pressure mechanism includes a preset pressure device 4. One end of the adjustment groove 101 is fixedly installed with a connecting nozzle 501. The connecting nozzle 501 is communicated with the inside of the impact cylinder block 1. The preset pressure device 4 is communicated with the connecting nozzle 501 through a preset pipeline 401. In this embodiment, the preset pressure device 4 is a high-pressure tank, and a pressure reducing valve is installed on the preset oil pipeline 401 to facilitate the adjustment of the preset pressure. A spring 502 is arranged inside the adjustment groove 101. One end of the spring 502 abuts against one side of the frequency modulation valve core 5, and the other end of the spring 502 abuts against one end of the connecting nozzle 501.

[0033] The working principle of the embodiment of the present utility model:

[0034] When the rock drill works, the impact piston 2 is controlled by the commutation of the following commutation valve 3. The P pressure oil enters the piston stroke pressure chamber 201 and the piston return pressure chamber 202 respectively through the commutation of the commutation valve 3 to control the stroke and return of the piston.

[0035] When the rock being drilled is relatively soft, the collision force between the buffer piston 601 and the rock is small, so the pressure transmitted into the adjustment groove 101 is low. At this time, it is not enough to overcome the preset pressure. Therefore, the frequency modulation valve core 5 is located on the left side of the adjustment groove 101. The pressure oil in the piston return pressure chamber 202 is communicated with the adjustment groove 101 through the leftmost hole of the four lower oil pipelines 102. The pressure oil flows into the oil inlet of the commutation valve 3 through the upper oil pipeline 103, causing the valve core of the commutation valve 3 to move to the right. The pressure oil P enters the piston stroke pressure chamber 201 through the commutation valve 3. In this way, the piston return commutation distance is short, and the rock drill is in the high-frequency and low-impact working mode.

[0036] When drilling rocks, the rocks are relatively hard, and the collision force between the buffer piston 601 and the rocks is large. Therefore, the pressure transmitted into the adjustment groove 101 reaches the value to overcome the preset pressure, causing the frequency modulation valve core 5 to move to the right. The right-moved frequency modulation valve core 5 cuts off the left lower oil pipeline 102 and the upper oil pipeline 103. In this way, the pressure oil in the piston return pressure chamber 202 needs to continue to push the impact piston 2 to move, so that the piston return pressure chamber 202 is communicated with the uncut lower oil pipeline 102. This process takes a certain amount of time, which in turn prolongs the time for the pressure oil to push the valve core of the commutation valve 3 to the right. Therefore, the piston return distance is lengthened, and the frequency of the rock drill decreases while the impact energy increases.

[0037] During the rock drilling process, the change of the rock is directly given to the frequency modulation valve core 5 by the feedback pressure mechanism, so that the impact frequency and impact energy of the rock drill can be automatically switched in size.

[0038] When automatic switching during rock drilling is not required, a higher preset pressure value is set for control, and the rock drilling frequency is always in the high-frequency gear. When the pressure value is set to a lower value (lower than the buffer starting pressure), the rock drill is always in the low-frequency position.

[0039] The basic principle of the present invention has been shown and described above. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The descriptions in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock drill capable of automatically adjusting the impact frequency according to the state of the rock, comprising a rock drill body, the rock drill body having an impact cylinder (1), an impact piston (2) and a reversing valve (3), the impact piston (2) being installed in the impact cylinder (1), a piston stroke pressure chamber (201), a piston return pressure chamber (202) and a piston middle chamber being formed between the impact piston (2) and the impact cylinder (1), characterized in that: The piston return pressure chamber (202) is connected to the system oil supply port via a frequency modulation mechanism, the oil inlet of the reversing valve (3) is connected to the system oil supply port, the oil return port of the reversing valve (3) is connected to the piston middle chamber, and the oil outlet of the reversing valve (3) is connected to the piston stroke pressure chamber (201); The frequency modulation mechanism comprises a frequency modulation valve core (5) and an adjustment groove (101); the adjustment groove (101) is provided on the impact cylinder body (1); a plurality of lower oil paths (102) are provided inside the impact cylinder body (1); the lower ends of the lower oil paths (102) are capable of being communicated with the piston return pressure chamber (202); the upper ends of the lower oil paths (102) are communicated with the lower end of the adjustment groove (101); the top of the adjustment groove (101) is provided with upper oil paths (103) which are equal in number to and correspond to the lower oil paths (102); the upper oil paths (103) are connected to the system oil supply port via pipelines; the frequency modulation valve core (5) is slidably arranged inside the adjustment groove (101); one end of the adjustment groove (101) is communicated with a feedback pressure mechanism; and the other end of the adjustment groove (101) is communicated with a preset pressure mechanism.

2. A rock drill capable of automatically adjusting the impact frequency according to the rock state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset pressure mechanism comprises a preset pressure device (4); a connecting nozzle (501) is fixedly mounted on one end of the adjustment groove (101); the connecting nozzle (501) is connected to the interior of the impact cylinder (1); and the preset pressure device (4) is connected to the connecting nozzle (501) via a preset oil circuit (401).

3. A rock drill capable of automatically adjusting the impact frequency according to the rock state according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spring (502) is arranged inside the regulating groove (101), one end of the spring (502) abuts against one side of the frequency-modulating valve core (5), and the other end of the spring (502) abuts against one end of the connecting nozzle (501).

4. A rock drill capable of automatically adjusting the impact frequency according to the rock state according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the frequency modulation valve core (5) are fixedly sleeved with sealing rings (503).

5. A rock drill capable of automatically adjusting the impact frequency according to the rock state according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feedback pressure mechanism comprises a buffer pressure feedback oil circuit (6); a buffer piston (601) is arranged inside one end of the impact cylinder (1); a pressure feedback oil chamber (602) is formed between the buffer piston (601) and the impact cylinder (1); and the pressure feedback oil chamber (602) is connected to an end of the regulating groove (101) away from the connecting nozzle (501) through the buffer pressure feedback oil circuit (6).

6. A rock drill capable of automatically adjusting the impact frequency according to the rock state according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Four lower oil passages (102) are provided.

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