Optical detection device for PCB (Printed Circuit Board)
By designing an optical detection device for PCB board with a swing mechanism, the problem of low plane detection accuracy in the prior art is solved, and high-precision detection of the multi-dimensional morphology of PCB board is realized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422078188.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing optical detection equipment can only perform plane detection, making it difficult to accurately detect the multi-dimensional morphology of PCB boards, resulting in errors in positioning and identification, and low detection accuracy.
An optical detection device for PCB board is designed. By setting up a swing mechanism, the multi-angle sway of the PCB board during detection is realized. The optical detection module is used to collect multi-dimensional morphological information, and the contactless automation high-precision measurement is realized.
Through multi-angle swing detection, the planeness of the PCB board, the profile of the component, the welding height difference can be accurately measured, which significantly improves the detection accuracy and avoids errors caused by occlusion and lighting factors such as plane detection.
Smart Images
Figure CN223037117U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a detection device, in particular to an optical detection device for a PCB board. Background Art
[0002] In the manufacturing of PCB boards, bare board testing is required: mainly used to detect possible defects in the production process of PCB boards, such as board size, thickness, cleanliness, open circuits, short circuits, misalignments, etc. during component soldering, so as to ensure the smooth progress of subsequent assembly and use.
[0003] When detecting the appearance defects of PCB boards, it needs to be carried out through detection equipment. The detection equipment will pre-store various data of the standard board. During detection, the surface information of the PCB board is transmitted into the detection equipment in the form of an image through the detection module for detailed comparison, so as to detect whether the PCB board meets the production requirements. Conventional optical detection equipment can only perform planar detection on the PCB board. The image acquisition of planar detection can only provide the position information of the objects in the image, and the planar information of the PCB board, components, and solder joints under projection, and is easily affected by factors such as occlusion and illumination, resulting in errors in positioning and recognition, and relatively low detection accuracy. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings that conventional optical detection equipment can only perform planar detection on the PCB board, the image acquisition of planar detection can only provide the position information of the objects in the image, and the planar information of the PCB board, components, and solder joints under projection, and is easily affected by factors such as occlusion and illumination, resulting in errors in positioning and recognition, and relatively low detection accuracy, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an optical detection device for a PCB board that can swing the PCB board at multiple angles during detection, and when detecting, feedback the multi-dimensional morphological states of various components on the PCB circuit board, and can measure the flatness of the PCB board, the contour of components, the welding height difference, etc., and realize non-contact automatic high-precision measurement.
[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is: an optical detection device for a PCB board, including a base, an upper top plate, a screen, an optical detection module, a guide plate, a protective cover, a motor, a rotating frame, a top rod, a support rod, a plate placing frame and a fixed rod. The upper part of the base is fixedly provided with the upper top plate. A cavity with an opening facing forward is separated between the upper part of the base and the upper top plate. The screen is rotatably arranged on the front side of the upper part of the upper top plate. The optical detection module is installed on the lower part of the upper top plate. A circular hole is opened on the inner side of the upper part of the base. The guide plate is fixedly welded on the lower side inside the base. An annular groove is opened in the guide plate. The protective cover is fixedly connected to the top of the guide plate. The motor is arranged inside the protective cover. The output shaft of the motor passes through the upper part of the protective cover. The rotating frame is rotatably arranged on the upper part of the protective cover. The inner side of the rotating frame close to the motor is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. The support rod is rotatably arranged at the concentric position with the output shaft of the motor on the rotating frame. The upper part of the support rod passes through the circular hole in the base. The upper part of the support rod is hinged with the plate placing frame. A square lower groove is opened on the upper part of the plate placing frame. The top rod is slidably arranged on the side of the rotating frame away from the support rod. The upper and lower ends of the top rod are respectively in sliding contact with the top of the plate placing frame and the guide plate. And one end of the lower part of the top rod is driven by the motor to slide in a circular motion in the annular groove on the guide plate. Fixed rods are fixedly arranged on both the front and rear sides of the lower side of the cavity between the upper part of the base and the upper top plate. The fixed rods are in sliding contact with the edges on both the front and rear sides of the plate placing frame.
[0006] Optionally, it further includes a cylinder and a baffle. The cylinder is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the front part of the base. A baffle is fixedly connected between the movable rods of the cylinder. The baffle moves up and down through the movable rods of the cylinder.
[0007] Optionally, it further includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a torsion spring. The first connecting rods are rotatably arranged on both the front and rear sides of the left and right sides close to the circular hole on the lower side of the cavity in the upper part of the base. The second connecting rods are rotatably arranged on both the front and rear sides of the left and right sides of the bottom of the plate placing frame. The four first connecting rods are respectively hinged with the adjacent second connecting rods. Torsion springs are arranged at the hinged parts of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.
[0008] Optionally, it further includes suction cups. The suction cups are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of both the front and rear sides of the plate placing frame.
[0009] Optionally, rubber pads are arranged on the outer sides of the four corners of the lower part of the base.
[0010] Optionally, the baffle is made of a transparent material.
[0011] The beneficial effects are as follows: Through the swing mechanism provided by the present utility model, the PCB board is driven to swing at multiple angles. When detecting, the multi-dimensional morphological states of various components on the PCB board are fed back, and the flatness of the PCB board, the profile of components, the welding height difference, etc. can be measured, realizing non-contact automated measurement. The side of the components welded on the PCB board can also be subjected to image acquisition by the optical detection module for optical detection. In contrast, the image acquisition of planar detection can only provide the position information of the objects in the image and the planar information of the PCB board, components, and solder joints under projection, which is easily affected by factors such as occlusion and light, resulting in errors in positioning and recognition and low detection accuracy.
[0012] When the optical detection module of the present utility model is working, the air cylinder drives the baffle to move upward to block the detection station, avoiding the generation of a relatively high voltage around after the optical detection module is powered on. During detection, between the optical vision detection module and the circuit board, the exposed part comes into contact with the skin of an individual, causing harm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model.
[0014] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model with the upper top plate and the protection mechanism hidden.
[0015] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the present utility model with the upper top plate and the protection mechanism hidden.
[0016] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of components such as the swing mechanism and the plate placing rack of the present utility model.
[0017] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the upper top plate, the screen, and the optical detection module of the present utility model.
[0018] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the swing mechanism of the present utility model.
[0019] The meanings of the reference numerals in the drawings: 1: base, 2: upper top plate, 3: screen, 4: optical detection module, 5: guide plate, 51: protective cover, 6: motor, 61: rotating frame, 62: ejector rod, 63: support rod, 65: plate placing rack, 66: fixed rod, 7: suction cup, 8: connecting rod one, 9: connecting rod two, 10: torsion spring, 11: air cylinder, 12: baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0020] The following describes the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not a limitation to the present utility model.
[0021] Embodiment 1: An optical detection device for a PCB board, as Figure 1-6 shown, which includes a base 1, an upper top plate 2, a screen 3, an optical detection module 4, a guide plate 5, a protective cover 51, a motor 6, a rotating frame 61, a top rod 62, a support rod 63, a plate placing frame 65 and a fixing rod 66. An upper top plate 2 is fixedly provided on the upper part of the base 1. A cavity with an opening facing forward is separated between the upper part of the base 1 and the upper top plate 2. The screen 3 is rotatably provided on the front side of the upper part of the upper top plate 2. The optical detection module 4 is installed on the lower part of the upper top plate 2. The optical detection module 4 includes a protective cover: usually made of high-strength transparent material, a measuring head: using a high-sensitivity sensor and precision optical instruments, capable of quickly and accurately measuring the parameters of various optical elements, including reflectivity, transmittance, curvature, diameter; it also includes an electronic controller, computer software, etc.;
[0022] A circular hole is opened at the lower part of the cavity on the upper part of the base 1. A guide plate 5 is fixedly welded on the lower side inside the base 1. The guide plate 5 is made of metal material. An annular groove is opened in the guide plate 5. The bottom surface of the annular groove is composed of multiple sections of undulating arc-shaped blocks spliced together. The inner wall of the annular groove is relatively smooth. A protective cover 51 is fixedly connected to the top of the guide plate 5. A motor 6 is provided inside the protective cover 51. The bottom of the motor 6 is connected to the guide plate. The output shaft of the motor 6 passes through the upper part of the protective cover 51. A rotating frame 61 is rotatably provided on the upper part of the protective cover 51. The inner side of the rotating frame 61 close to the motor 6 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 6. The rotating frame 61 will rotate with the motor 6. A support rod 63 is rotatably provided at the concentric position with the output shaft of the motor 6 on the rotating frame 61. A spherical block is provided at one end of the top of the support rod 63. The upper part of the support rod 63 passes through the circular hole in the base 1. The spherical block on the upper part of the support rod 63 is hinged with a plate placing frame 65. The plate placing frame 65 can be adjusted at any angle on the support rod 63. A square lower groove is opened on the upper part of the plate placing frame 65. The size of the lower groove is the same as the size of the PCB board to be detected, and the four edges of the PCB board can be clamped. A top rod 62 is slidably provided on the side of the rotating frame 61 away from the support rod 63. The top rod 62 is made of metal material, and the edge of the end faces at both the upper and lower ends of the top rod 62 is chamfered and relatively smooth. The upper and lower ends of the top rod 62 are respectively in sliding contact with the top of the plate placing frame 65 and the guide plate 5, and the lower end of the top rod 62 is driven by the motor 6 to slide circumferentially in the annular groove on the guide plate 5 and slide up and down along with the undulating blocks in the annular groove. The rotation speed of the motor 6 is relatively slow. When rotating, the plate placing frame 65 is intermittently lifted. According to the position setting of the undulating shape in the annular groove, the top rod 62 will lift the front, rear, left and right parts of the plate placing frame 65, so that the plate placing frame 65 will slowly swing under the action of the motor 6. Fixing rods 66 are fixedly provided on both the front and rear sides of the lower side of the cavity between the upper part of the base 1 and the upper top plate 2. The fixing rods 66 are in sliding contact with the edges on both the front and rear sides of the plate placing frame 65. The purpose of setting the fixing rods 66 is to prevent the swinging plate placing frame 65 from rotating with the rotation of the rotating frame 61 and play a role in positioning.
[0023] Initially, the ejector rod 62 is located in the lower section of the annular groove. The plate placing rack 65 is in a state relatively parallel to the ground. Place the PCB board to be optically detected in the lower groove of the plate placing rack 65. After placing the board, the optical detection module 4 starts to work and optically detects the upper side of the PCB board. At the same time, start the motor 6. The motor 6 drives the rotating frame 61 to rotate, driving the ejector rod 62 to slide in the annular groove of the guide plate 5. The lower end of the ejector rod 62 slides up and down with the height change in the annular groove, driving the plate placing rack 65 to swing on the support rod 63. Through the provided swinging mechanism, the PCB board is driven to swing at multiple angles, so that when detecting, the multi-dimensional morphological states of various components on the PCB board are reflected. The flatness of the PCB board, the contour of the components, the welding height difference, etc. can be measured, realizing non-contact automated measurement. The side surfaces of the components soldered on the PCB board can also be image-captured by the optical detection module 4 for optical detection. In contrast, the image capture of planar detection can only provide the position information of the objects in the image and the planar information of the PCB board, components, and solder joints under projection, and is easily affected by factors such as occlusion and illumination, resulting in errors in positioning and recognition and lower detection accuracy. After detection, turn off the optical detection module 4, take away the PCB board, and complete the detection work.
[0024] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 shown, it further includes a cylinder 11 and a baffle 12. The cylinder 11 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the front part of the base 1. A baffle 12 is fixedly connected between the movable rods of the cylinder 11. The baffle 12 moves up and down through the movable rod of the cylinder 11. When the movable rod of the cylinder 11 extends, the baffle 12 will close the opening between the base 1 and the upper top plate 2.
[0025] As Figure 1-4 shown, it further includes a first connecting rod 8, a second connecting rod 9 and a torsion spring 10. On the lower side of the upper cavity of the base 1, the first connecting rods 8 are symmetrically arranged in the front and back on the left and right sides near the round hole in a rotational manner. On the left and right sides of the bottom of the plate placing rack 65, the second connecting rods 9 are symmetrically arranged in the front and back in a rotational manner. All four first connecting rods 8 are hinged to the adjacent second connecting rods 9. Torsion springs 10 are arranged at the hinge joints of the first connecting rod 8 and the second connecting rod 9. The torsion spring 10 supports the plate placing rack 65 when it is not subjected to an upward lifting force. After a certain position at the bottom of the plate placing rack 65 is lifted by the ejector rod 62, the plate placing rack 65 can be reset, facilitating other positions to be affected by the ejector rod 62 and realizing the smooth progress of the swinging action.
[0026] As Figure 1-4 shown, it further includes a suction cup 7. The suction cups 7 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the front and back of the plate placing rack 65. When placing the PCB board on the plate placing rack 65, the suction cups 7 will suck and fix the PCB board to prevent the PCB board from separating from the plate placing rack 65 due to the swinging force.
[0027] Initially, the movable rod of the cylinder 11 is in the retracted state. Place the PCB board to be detected on the four suction cups 7 of the board placing rack 65. The suction cup 7 rack firmly sucks the PCB board to prevent the PCB board from detaching from the board placing rack 65 during detection when it swings. After placing the PCB board, control the cylinder 11 to extend the movable rod, driving the baffle 12 to move upward to block the opening of the cavity above the base 1. During detection, prevent human hands from reaching between the optical detection module 4 and the PCB board, as the high-voltage current and strong exposure generated by the optical detection module 4 may cause harm to people. When the board placing rack 65 swings, the first connecting rod 8 and the second connecting rod 9 will rotate along with the swing of the board placing rack 65. The torsion spring 10 at the hinge point provides certain support for the swinging board placing rack 65, disperses the weight between the support rod 63 and the board placing rack 65, reduces the frictional loss caused by the swing at the hinge between the support rod 63 and the board placing rack 65, and extends the service life. After detection is completed, the movable rod of the cylinder 11 retracts downward, driving the baffle 12 to retract downward, turning off the optical detection module 4, and then taking away the PCB board.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment: Rubber pads are provided on the outer sides of the four corners at the lower part of the base 1. During the use of the detection device, they can play the roles of anti-slip and shock absorption, and provide certain protection for the detection device.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment: The baffle 12 is made of a transparent material. The baffle can be made of resin, glass, or a composite material of metal and transparent material, with a wide range of choices. While playing a protective role, the transparent material facilitates the observation of the detection work during detection.
[0030] The above are only examples of the embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. All equivalent replacements made within the principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The content not elaborated in detail in the present invention belongs to the known prior art of those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A PCB optical inspection device, comprising a base (1), an upper top plate (2), a screen (3), and an optical inspection module (4), wherein the upper top plate (2) is fixedly provided on the upper part of the base (1), a cavity opening forward is separated between the upper part of the base (1) and the upper top plate (2), a screen (3) is rotatably provided on the front side of the upper part of the upper top plate (2), and the optical inspection module (4) is installed on the lower part of the upper top plate (2); Features: The base (1) further comprises a guide plate (5), a protective cover (51), a motor (6), a rotating frame (61), a top rod (62), a support rod (63), a plate placing frame (65) and a fixing rod (66). A circular hole is formed on the inner side of the upper part of the base (1). A guide plate (5) is fixedly welded to the lower side of the inner part of the base (1). An annular groove is formed in the guide plate (5). The top of the guide plate (5) is fixedly connected with the protective cover (51). The motor (6) is provided in the protective cover (51). The output shaft of the motor (6) passes through the upper part of the protective cover (51). A rotating frame (61) is rotatably provided on the upper part of the protective cover (51). The inner side of the rotating frame (61) close to the motor (6) is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor (6). The rotating frame (61) is concentric with the output shaft of the motor (6). A support rod (63) is rotatably provided at the top, the upper part of the support rod (63) passes through the circular hole of the base (1), the upper part of the support rod (63) is hinged with a plate rack (65), the upper part of the plate rack (65) is provided with a square lower groove, and a push rod (62) is slidably provided on the side of the rotating frame (61) away from the support rod (63), the upper and lower ends of the push rod (62) are respectively in sliding contact with the top of the plate rack (65) and the guide plate (5), and one end of the lower part of the push rod (62) is driven by the motor (6) to slide in a circle in the annular groove on the guide plate (5), and a fixing rod (66) is fixed on both the front and rear sides of the lower side of the cavity between the upper part of the base (1) and the upper top plate (2), and the fixing rod (66) is in sliding contact with the edges of the front and rear sides of the plate rack (65).
2. A PCB optical inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cylinder (11) and a baffle (12). The cylinder (11) is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the front of the base (1). The baffle (12) is fixedly connected between the movable rods of the cylinder (11). The baffle (12) moves up and down through the movable rod of the cylinder (11).
3. A PCB optical inspection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a connecting rod 1 (8), a connecting rod 2 (9) and a torsion spring (10). The connecting rod 1 (8) is symmetrically rotatable on both sides of the left and right sides of the lower side of the upper cavity of the base (1) near the round hole. The connecting rod 2 (9) is symmetrically rotatable on both sides of the bottom of the plate rack (65). The four connecting rods 1 (8) are hinged to the adjacent connecting rods 2 (9). The hinges of the connecting rods 1 (8) and 2 (9) are each provided with a torsion spring (10).
4. A PCB optical inspection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a suction cup (7), and the suction cups (7) are symmetrically arranged on both the front and rear sides of the plate placing frame (65).
5. A PCB optical inspection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Rubber pads are arranged on the outer sides of the four corners of the lower part of the base (1).
6. A PCB optical inspection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle (12) is made of a transparent material.