Antenna and network equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna and network equipment, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. The network device is an ONU of an FTTR, an antenna of the network device comprises a rectangular waveguide tube, the rectangular waveguide tube comprises a first tube wall and a second tube wall, the first tube wall and the second tube wall are opposite in position, and the first tube wall and the second tube wall are both the tube walls where the long sides of the rectangular waveguide tube are located; the first tube wall is provided with a first strip-shaped slot, the second tube wall is provided with a second strip-shaped slot, and the included angle between the strip-shaped direction of the first strip-shaped slot and the waveguide direction of electromagnetic waves propagating in the rectangular waveguide tube and the included angle between the strip-shaped direction of the second strip-shaped slot and the waveguide direction are equal to the included angle between the strip-shaped direction of the first strip-shaped slot and the waveguide direction. And all the components are greater than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees. According to the invention, omnidirectional horizontal polarization can be realized under the condition that the size of the loop bar where the antenna is located is not increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and particularly to an antenna and a network device. Background Art

[0002] In network devices in wireless communication, such as wireless access points (APs), and optical network terminals (ONTs) and optical network units (ONUs) in fiber to the room (FTTR), the antennas inside are usually vertically polarized omnidirectional antennas.

[0003] User terminals such as mobile phones or tablets usually include vertically polarized antennas and horizontally polarized antennas. When the user terminal is in different postures or at different positions, the antennas used may be different. For example, in some postures, the vertically polarized antenna is used to transmit and receive signals, in some postures, the horizontally polarized antenna is used to transmit and receive signals, and in some other postures, both the vertically polarized antenna and the horizontally polarized antenna are used to transmit and receive signals.

[0004] When the network device and the user terminal are transmitting signals, if the polarization directions of the antennas used match, for example, both the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are horizontally polarized antennas or both are vertically polarized antennas, then the communication quality between the network device and the user terminal is better. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The present disclosure provides an antenna and a network device. The antenna inside the network device can achieve omnidirectional horizontal polarization without increasing the size of the sleeve rod.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides an antenna, which includes a rectangular waveguide. The rectangular waveguide includes a first tube wall and a second tube wall. The first tube wall and the second tube wall are opposite in position and are both the tube walls where the long sides of the rectangular waveguide are located;

[0007] A first strip-shaped slot is provided on the first tube wall, and a second strip-shaped slot is provided on the second tube wall. The angle between the strip direction of the first strip-shaped slot and the waveguide direction of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the rectangular waveguide, and the angle between the strip direction of the second strip-shaped slot and the waveguide direction are both greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[0008] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the antenna includes a rectangular waveguide. Strip-shaped slits are formed on the first tube wall and the second tube wall where the two long sides of the rectangular waveguide are located. The strip-shaped slit formed on the first tube wall is denoted as the first strip-shaped slit, and the strip-shaped slit formed on the second tube wall is denoted as the second strip-shaped slit. The first strip-shaped slit on the first tube wall radiates electromagnetic waves in a direction away from the second tube wall with the second tube wall as a reflector, and the second strip-shaped slit on the second tube wall radiates electromagnetic waves in a direction away from the first tube wall with the first tube wall as a reflector. Therefore, the first strip-shaped slit and the second strip-shaped slit on the rectangular waveguide can radiate electromagnetic waves omnidirectionally in 360 degrees. Also, since the included angles between the strip directions of the first strip-shaped slit and the second strip-shaped slit and the waveguide direction of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the rectangular waveguide are both greater than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, and the waveguide direction is perpendicular to the ground, both the first strip-shaped slit and the second strip-shaped slit can radiate electromagnetic waves in the horizontal polarization direction. Therefore, the first strip-shaped slit on the first tube wall and the second strip-shaped slit on the second tube wall can radiate horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves omnidirectionally in 360 degrees.

[0009] Generating omnidirectional horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves by forming the first strip-shaped slit and the second strip-shaped slit on the rectangular waveguide, compared with generating a circularly distributed current on four dipole radiation units to excite omnidirectional horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves, the size of the antenna in this embodiment is smaller and can be assembled in the sleeve rod of the network device.

[0010] In one implementation, the first strip-shaped slit on the first tube wall and the second strip-shaped slit on the second tube wall are mirror-symmetrical, and the mirror surface is the central plane between the first tube wall and the second tube wall.

[0011] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the first strip-shaped slit and the second strip-shaped slit are mirror-symmetrical, which is beneficial to realizing that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first strip-shaped slit and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second strip-shaped slit are mirror-symmetrically distributed with respect to the mirror surface, making the radiation pattern of the antenna relatively regular.

[0012] In one implementation, the first strip-shaped slit on the first tube wall is parallel to and non-coincident with the first center line of the first tube wall, where the first center line of the first tube wall is the center line of the first tube wall parallel to the waveguide direction.

[0013] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the first strip-shaped slit on the first tube wall is parallel to and non-coincident with the first center line of the first tube wall, enabling the first strip-shaped slit on the first tube wall to cut off the induced current on the inner surface of the first tube wall, thereby exciting electromagnetic waves outward.

[0014] In one implementation, the second strip-shaped slit on the second tube wall is parallel to and non-coincident with the second central line of the second tube wall, where the second central line of the second tube wall is the central line of the second tube wall parallel to the waveguide direction.

[0015] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the second strip-shaped slit on the second tube wall is parallel to and non-coincident with the second central line of the second tube wall, enabling the second strip-shaped slit on the second tube wall to cut off the induced current on the inner surface of the second tube wall, thereby exciting electromagnetic waves outward.

[0016] In one implementation, the lengths of both the first strip-shaped slit and the second strip-shaped slit are λ / 2, where λ is the central wavelength of the electromagnetic wave band radiated in free space.

[0017] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the lengths of both the first strip-shaped slit and the second strip-shaped slit are λ / 2, enabling both the first strip-shaped slit and the second strip-shaped slit to radiate electromagnetic waves outward.

[0018] In one implementation, both the first end port and the second end port of the rectangular waveguide are in a closed state, and the rectangular waveguide is fed by a coaxial probe, where the first end port and the second end port are the two end ports of the rectangular waveguide along the waveguide direction. For example, one end of the coaxial probe passes through the first tube wall or the second tube wall and extends into the rectangular waveguide to feed the rectangular waveguide.

[0019] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the coaxial probe can extend into the rectangular waveguide to feed high-frequency electromagnetic waves (such as electromagnetic waves in the microwave band or millimeter-wave band) into the rectangular waveguide, so that the high-frequency electromagnetic waves are transmitted in the rectangular waveguide, and an induced current is generated on the inner wall of the rectangular waveguide. The first strip-shaped slit on the first tube wall and the second strip-shaped slit on the second tube wall of the rectangular waveguide cut off the induced current on the inner surface and excite electromagnetic waves outward.

[0020] In one implementation, the first end port of the rectangular waveguide is in an open state and the second end port is in a closed state, and the rectangular waveguide is fed through the first end port, where the first end port and the second end port are the two end ports of the rectangular waveguide along the waveguide direction.

[0021] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the first end opening of the rectangular waveguide is in an open state. Then, high-frequency electromagnetic waves (such as electromagnetic waves in the microwave band or millimeter-wave band) can be fed into the rectangular waveguide through the first end opening of the rectangular waveguide, so that the high-frequency electromagnetic waves are transmitted in the rectangular waveguide, and induced currents are generated on the inner wall of the rectangular waveguide. The first strip-shaped slot on the first tube wall and the second strip-shaped slot on the second tube wall of the rectangular waveguide cut off the induced currents on the inner surface and excite electromagnetic waves outward.

[0022] In one implementation, the number of the rectangular waveguides is multiple, and the multiple rectangular waveguides are arranged in sequence along the waveguide direction.

[0023] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the number of the rectangular waveguides is multiple. Each first tube wall of each rectangular waveguide has a first strip-shaped slot, and each second tube wall of each rectangular waveguide has a second strip-shaped slot. Then, the first strip-shaped slot and the second strip-shaped slot of each rectangular waveguide form a pair of strip-shaped slots, and this pair of strip-shaped slots forms an omnidirectional horizontally polarized antenna, so that multiple omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas can be formed.

[0024] In the solution where the number of the rectangular waveguides is multiple, both ends of each rectangular waveguide along the waveguide direction are in a closed state, and each rectangular waveguide is fed through a coaxial probe.

[0025] In one implementation, the first tube wall has multiple first strip-shaped slots along the waveguide direction, and / or the second tube wall has multiple second strip-shaped slots along the waveguide direction.

[0026] In the solution shown in the present disclosure, the number of the rectangular waveguides is one. The first tube wall of the rectangular waveguide has multiple first strip-shaped slots along the waveguide direction, and / or the second tube wall has multiple second strip-shaped slots along the waveguide direction. A first strip-shaped slot and a second strip-shaped slot with opposite positions form a pair of strip-shaped slots, so that multiple pairs of strip-shaped slots can be formed, thereby forming multiple omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas.

[0027] In the solution where the number of the rectangular waveguides is one, one end of the rectangular waveguide along the waveguide direction is open, and the other end is closed, and power is fed into the rectangular waveguide at the open end.

[0028] In a second aspect, a network device is provided. The network device includes a vertically polarized antenna and a horizontally polarized antenna, and the horizontally polarized antenna is the antenna described in the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of fiber to the home or fiber to the office provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of fiber to the room provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rectangular waveguide provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the induced current generated on the inner surface of a rectangular waveguide provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rectangular waveguide with two strip-shaped slits provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the strip-shaped slit on the first tube wall of a rectangular waveguide provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the strip-shaped slit on the first tube wall of a rectangular waveguide provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple rectangular waveguides provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of a single rectangular waveguide having multiple strip-shaped slits along the waveguide direction provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Description of reference numerals

[0039] 1. Rectangular waveguide; 11. First tube wall; 12. Second tube wall; 21. First strip-shaped slit; 22. Second strip-shaped slit; 1A. First rectangular waveguide; 1B. Second rectangular waveguide; 1C. Third rectangular waveguide. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] This embodiment relates to a network device, specifically a network device with an external antenna, such as a router or an optical network terminal (ONT) or an optical network unit (ONU) arranged on the user side. The specific type of the network device is not limited in this embodiment.

[0042] Such asFigure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the system architecture for fiber to the home / office (FTTH / O). Refer to Figure 1 As shown, it is connected to the upstream network-side devices (such as switches, routers, etc.), and is connected to the downstream ONT via the optical distribution network (ODN). The ODN includes a passive splitter for optical power distribution, a backbone fiber connected between the passive splitter and the optical line terminal (OLT), and a branch fiber connected between the passive splitter and the ONT. When transmitting the downstream signal, the downstream signal sent by the OLT is transmitted to each ONT through the passive splitter, and the ONT selectively receives the downstream data belonging to itself in the downstream signal. When transmitting the upstream signal, the upstream signals sent by N ONTs are converged by the passive splitter into one optical signal and transmitted to the OLT.

[0043] Based on FTTH / O, in order to solve the problem of wireless signal coverage in the home or office network, the optical fiber can be further extended into the room. An optical terminal device that provides wireless signals is installed inside the room, which reduces the distance between the user terminal and the wireless access point (AP) and improves the signal quality. This technology is called fiber to the room (FTTR).

[0044] As Figure 2 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of FTTR. Refer to Figure 2 As shown, the OLT in FTTH / O is deployed in the central office (CO), and the ONT is deployed in the home or office. The main device in the FTTR network serves as the ONT in the FTTH network on the one hand and as the upstream device of the FTTR slave device on the other hand to manage the slave device. The slave devices in the FTTR network can be deployed in each room of the home or office area to provide signals for user terminals. The slave device has the functions of an ONT and can also have the functions of a wireless AP.

[0045] Refer to Figure 2As shown in the figure, multiple slave devices can be deployed in FTTR, and each slave device is connected to the master device via an optical splitter. The master device can uniformly manage and configure all slave devices. Among them, the master device can also be called the "master gateway", "master optical network terminal", or "main FTTR unit (MFU)" or "main fiber unit (MFU)", etc., and the slave device can also be called the "slave gateway", "slave optical network terminal", or "sub FTTR unit (SFU)" or "sub fiber unit (MFU)", etc.

[0046] Among them, Figure 2 The PON interface represents a passive optical network interface, which is responsible for the connection between the OLT and the master device. Figure 2 The UNI interface represents a user network side interface, which is responsible for the connection between the user terminal and the network.

[0047] For current network devices, such as the ONT and ONU mentioned above, the outer sleeve rods of their antennas are flat or slender, so the internal antennas are generally monopole antennas, and their polarization direction is vertical polarization. That is to say, the antennas of network devices are mostly vertically polarized omnidirectional antennas.

[0048] In wireless communication, diversity technology is generally used to improve the reliability and stability of communication. Diversity technology is to transmit the same information through multiple independent signal transmission paths or methods, so as to reduce the risk of signal interruption caused by channel fading, thereby improving the reliability and stability of communication. For example, space diversity and polarization diversity. Space diversity is to transmit the same information through multiple antennas. The multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology is a kind of implementation method of space diversity. Polarization diversity is to transmit the same signal in different polarization modes, which can save the layout space of antennas and resist attitude changes.

[0049] Therefore, current user terminals that support WiFi6 (such as mobile phones or tablets, etc.) have 2 2.4G antennas and 2 5G antennas. However, the polarization direction of the antennas in the user terminal is related to the attitude of the user terminal. For example, taking the 2 2.4G antennas as an example, when the user terminal is in the first attitude, the polarization directions of these 2 2.4G antennas both show horizontal polarization or vertical polarization. When the user terminal is in the second attitude, the polarization direction of one of the 2.4G antennas is horizontal polarization, and the polarization direction of the other 2.4G antenna is vertical polarization.

[0050] Then, in some postures of the user terminal, if the polarization directions of multiple antennas in the same frequency band inside it all show vertical polarization, or if some show horizontal polarization and some show vertical polarization, the polarization directions of the vertical polarization antennas of the user terminal and the vertical polarization antennas of the network device match, with stronger robustness and better communication quality.

[0051] In other postures of the user terminal, if the polarization directions of multiple antennas in the same frequency band inside it all show horizontal polarization, during the communication between the horizontal polarization antenna of the user terminal and the network device, the communication quality will be poor due to the mismatch of polarization modes.

[0052] If there are both horizontal polarization antennas and vertical polarization antennas in the network device, then, regardless of the posture of the user terminal and the location of the user terminal, there will always be at least a pair of antennas with matching polarization directions between the network device and the user terminal, and thus, the communication quality between the two will also be better.

[0053] Therefore, arranging a horizontal polarization antenna in the network device including vertical polarization antennas can improve the communication quality between the network device and the user terminal.

[0054] Considering that the antennas in the network device are generally omnidirectional antennas, it is necessary to arrange an omnidirectional horizontal polarization antenna in the network device including omnidirectional vertical polarization antennas.

[0055] The currently common omnidirectional horizontal polarization antenna is formed by four dipole radiation units, and the currents on the four dipole radiation units present a loop shape.

[0056] However, if four dipole radiation units are used to form an omnidirectional horizontal polarization antenna, then the diameter of the sleeve rod where the antenna is located needs to be at least greater than 20 mm, and the appearance of this size cannot match the body shape of the existing network device.

[0057] Therefore, it is necessary to find an omnidirectional horizontal polarization antenna that matches the specifications of the current network device and arrange it in the network device.

[0058] This embodiment provides an antenna, specifically an omnidirectional horizontal polarization antenna, which has a narrow width and can match the specifications of the current network device. This antenna is specifically a waveguide slot antenna, and there are slots on two waveguide walls with opposite positions to achieve omnidirectional radiation.

[0059] Among them, the antenna provided in this embodiment can be a receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna, or a transceiver antenna. The antenna provided in this embodiment can be a 2.4G antenna, a 5G antenna, or a 6G antenna. This embodiment does not make any limitations in this regard.

[0060] Before introducing the waveguide slot antenna, the waveguide is first introduced.

[0061] A waveguide is a hollow tubular structure for electromagnetic wave transmission, made of metal such as copper or aluminum, or with a metal layer on its inner wall. If the cross-section of the waveguide is rectangular, it is a rectangular waveguide; if the cross-section is circular, it is a circular waveguide.

[0062] As Figure 3 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of a rectangular waveguide 1. The length of the long side of the rectangular waveguide 1 is a, and the length of the short side is b, where a > b. The long side of the rectangular waveguide is also called the wide side, and the short side is also called the narrow side. In this embodiment, the long side and the short side are uniformly referred to. The main mode of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in this rectangular waveguide is the TE10 mode, and the main mode TE10 mode is the transmission mode with the lowest cut-off frequency in the rectangular waveguide.

[0063] Among them, Figure 3 the coordinate system in

[0064] Continue to refer to Figure 3 shown. The two long-side walls of the rectangular waveguide 1 are called the first wall 11 and the second wall 12, and the first wall 11 and the second wall 12 are opposite in position. Among them, the wall of the rectangular waveguide 1 is also called the waveguide wall or the waveguide tube wall.

[0065] Among them, when the electromagnetic wave propagates in the rectangular waveguide, an induced current will be generated on the inner wall (i.e., the inner surface) of the rectangular waveguide.

[0066] As Figure 4 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the induced current generated on the inner wall of the rectangular waveguide by the electromagnetic wave propagating in the rectangular waveguide at a certain moment.

[0067] The antenna provided in this embodiment is a waveguide slot antenna. The waveguide slot antenna is to open a strip-shaped slot through the thickness of the waveguide wall on the wall of the rectangular waveguide, and the induced current on the inner wall of the rectangular waveguide is truncated by the strip-shaped slot to excite the electromagnetic wave radiated outward. For example, the first strip-shaped slot 21 opened on the first wall 11 excites the electromagnetic wave, which radiates in the direction away from the second wall 12 with the second wall 12 as the reflector, and the second strip-shaped slot 22 opened on the second wall 12 excites the electromagnetic wave, which radiates in the direction away from the first wall 11 with the first wall 11 as the reflector.

[0068] Then, in order to achieve omnidirectional radiation, refer to Figure 5Strip-shaped slits are formed on both the first tube wall 11 and the second tube wall 12 of the shown rectangular waveguide. The strip-shaped slit formed on the first tube wall 11 is denoted as the first strip-shaped slit 21, and the strip-shaped slit formed on the second tube wall 12 is denoted as the second strip-shaped slit 22. Among them, the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 form a pair of waveguide slot antennas. Based on the first strip-shaped slit 21 on the first tube wall 11, with the second tube wall 12 as the reflector, it radiates outward in the direction away from the second tube wall 12. The second strip-shaped slit 22 on the second tube wall 12, with the first tube wall 11 as the reflector, radiates outward in the direction away from the first tube wall 11. Thus, the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 can radiate electromagnetic waves omnidirectionally in 360 degrees.

[0069] Based on the vertical strip-shaped slits (i.e., the strip direction of the strip-shaped slits is perpendicular to the ground), the electric field direction of the radiated electromagnetic waves is parallel to the ground. Among them, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves is also the direction of the electric field in the electromagnetic waves. Therefore, the vertical strip-shaped slits radiate horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves. For the horizontal strip-shaped slits (i.e., the strip direction of the strip-shaped slits is parallel to the ground), the electric field direction of the radiated electromagnetic waves is perpendicular to the ground, that is, it radiates vertically polarized electromagnetic waves. Among them, the strip direction of the strip-shaped slits is also the length direction of the strip-shaped slits.

[0070] Generally, the propagation direction of the electromagnetic waves propagating in the rectangular waveguide 1 (also known as the waveguide direction or the guided wave direction) is perpendicular to the ground. Therefore, in order to make most or even all of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the strip-shaped slits provided on the rectangular waveguide 1 be horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves, it only needs to satisfy that the included angle between the strip direction of the strip-shaped slits and the waveguide direction of the electromagnetic waves propagating in the rectangular waveguide 1 is greater than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, so that the strip direction of the strip-shaped slits is perpendicular to the ground, or the component in the direction perpendicular to the ground is greater than or equal to the component in the direction parallel to the ground.

[0071] Therefore, in order to make the polarization directions of the electromagnetic waves excited by the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 both be horizontally polarized, the included angle between the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the waveguide direction of the electromagnetic waves propagating in the rectangular waveguide satisfies greater than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, and the included angle between the second strip-shaped slit 22 and the waveguide direction of the electromagnetic waves propagating in the rectangular waveguide also satisfies greater than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees. Among them, these two included angles can be equal or not equal.

[0072] As Figure 5 shown, the included angle between the first strip-shaped slit 21 and / or the second strip-shaped slit 22 and the waveguide direction is 0 degree, that is, the strip direction of the first strip-shaped slit 21 is parallel to the waveguide direction, and / or the strip direction of the second strip-shaped slit 22 is parallel to the waveguide direction. Among them, Figure 5In order to show the first strip-shaped slit 21 on the first pipe wall 11 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 on the second pipe wall 12, Figure 5 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the rectangular waveguide 1, and the cross-section is parallel to the waveguide direction.

[0073] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the angle between the first strip-shaped slit 21 and / or the second strip-shaped slit 22 and the waveguide direction is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees. That is, the strip direction of the first strip-shaped slit 21 is inclined with respect to the waveguide direction, and / or the strip direction of the second strip-shaped slit 22 is inclined with respect to the waveguide direction. Among them, Figure 6 and Figure 7 only shows the first strip-shaped slit 21 on the first pipe wall 11.

[0074] In one example, in the scheme where the strip direction of the strip-shaped slit is parallel to the waveguide direction, referring to Figure 4 shown, since the induced current on the center line of the pipe wall where the long side of the rectangular waveguide 1 is located is parallel to the center line, so if a strip-shaped slit is opened on the center line of the pipe wall where the long side of the rectangular waveguide 1 is located, the opened strip-shaped slit can hardly cut off the induced current and thus cannot excite electromagnetic waves. Therefore, referring to Figure 5 shown, for the first strip-shaped slit 21 parallel to the waveguide direction, it is parallel to but not coincident with the first center line L1 of the first pipe wall 11 where it is located. For the second strip-shaped slit 22 parallel to the waveguide direction, it is parallel to but not coincident with the second center line L2 of the second pipe wall 12 where it is located.

[0075] That is, there is a distance between the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the first center line L1 of the first pipe wall 11 where it is located, which is also called that the first strip-shaped slit 21 is offset with respect to the first center line L1 of the first pipe wall 11 where it is located. There is a distance between the second strip-shaped slit 22 and the second center line L2 of the second pipe wall 12 where it is located, which is also called that the second strip-shaped slit 22 is offset with respect to the second center line L2 of the second pipe wall 12 where it is located.

[0076] Among them, the first center line of the first pipe wall 11 is the center line of the first pipe wall 11 parallel to the waveguide direction. The second center line of the second pipe wall 12 is the center line of the second pipe wall 12 parallel to the waveguide direction.

[0077] In one example, as for Figure 5The distance between the first strip-shaped slit 21 on the first tube wall 11 and the first center line L1, and the distance between the second strip-shaped slit 22 on the second tube wall 12 and the second center line L2 are related to the impedance matching between the feeding system and the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 respectively, and can be determined based on theoretical calculations and simulations to ensure the impedance matching between the feeding system and the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 respectively, and reduce the return loss.

[0078] In one example, in the scheme where the strip direction of the strip-shaped slit intersects the center line of the tube wall where it is located, the intersection point can be the center point of the strip-shaped slit. Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in the scheme where the strip direction of the first strip-shaped slit 21 intersects the first center line L1 of the first tube wall 11, the intersection point can be the center point of the first strip-shaped slit 21. Similarly, in the scheme where the strip direction of the second strip-shaped slit 22 intersects the second center line L2 of the second tube wall 12, the intersection point can be the center point of the second strip-shaped slit 22. Of course, in the scheme where the strip direction of the strip-shaped slit intersects the center line of the tube wall where it is located, the intersection point may not be the center point of the strip-shaped slit. This embodiment does not make a limitation on this.

[0079] Next, taking the strip directions of the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 both being parallel to the waveguide direction as an example, the characteristics of the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 are introduced.

[0080] In one example, refer to Figure 5 As shown, the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 can be mirror-symmetrical, where the mirror surface is the central plane between the first tube wall 11 and the second tube wall 12, and this central plane is parallel to the first tube wall 11 and the second tube wall 12.

[0081] In this way, the electromagnetic waves radiated outward by the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the electromagnetic waves radiated outward by the second strip-shaped slit 22 are symmetrically distributed.

[0082] In other examples, the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 may not be mirror-symmetrical. For the scheme where the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 are not mirror-symmetrical, the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 can both be strip-shaped slits parallel to the waveguide direction, or both be strip-shaped slits in an inclined state that are not parallel to the waveguide direction, or it can be that among the first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22, one is parallel to the waveguide direction and the other is not parallel to the waveguide direction and is in an inclined state.

[0083] In one example, the length of the waveguide slot antenna in the strip direction is generally λ / 2, where λ is the center wavelength of the electromagnetic wave band radiated in free space. Then, the length of the first strip slot 21 and the length of the second strip slot 22 are both λ / 2. λ can be the center wavelength of the 2.4G frequency band, or the center wavelength of the 5G frequency band, or the center wavelength of the 6G frequency band. The specific value of λ is related to the operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0084] In one example, the slot width of the first strip slot 21 and the second strip slot 22 is generally several millimeters. For example, it is about 2 millimeters.

[0085] In one example, the way to feed the rectangular waveguide can be to feed high-frequency electromagnetic waves (such as electromagnetic waves in the microwave band or millimeter-wave band) into the rectangular waveguide at one end of the rectangular waveguide. Then, as shown in Figure 5 In the two end ports of the rectangular waveguide 1 along the waveguide direction, one end port is in an open state and the other end port is in a closed state. The open end port can be denoted as the first end port, and the closed end port can be denoted as the second end port. Then, high-frequency electromagnetic waves can be fed into the rectangular waveguide 1 through the first end port of the rectangular waveguide 1.

[0086] In another example, another way to feed the rectangular waveguide 1 can be to feed high-frequency electromagnetic waves into the rectangular waveguide through a coaxial probe. Then, both the first end port and the second end port of the rectangular waveguide 1 along the waveguide direction are in a closed state, and the rectangular waveguide 1 is in a completely closed state. The coaxial probe extends into the rectangular waveguide 1 to feed high-frequency electromagnetic waves into the rectangular waveguide 1. For example, an opening is made in the first tube wall 11 or the second tube wall 12, and one end of the coaxial probe passes through the opening in the first tube wall 11 or the second tube wall 12 and extends into the rectangular waveguide to feed the rectangular waveguide.

[0087] Regardless of which method is used to feed the rectangular waveguide 1, the direction of the electric field at the feeding end needs to be consistent with the direction of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the rectangular waveguide to ensure the continuity of the electric field and reduce the return loss.

[0088] In one example, as shown in Figure 8As shown, the number of rectangular waveguides 1 can be multiple. The multiple rectangular waveguides are arranged in sequence along the waveguide direction. On the first tube wall 11 of each rectangular waveguide, there is the above-mentioned first strip-shaped slit 21. On the second tube wall 12 of each rectangular waveguide 1, there is the above-mentioned second strip-shaped slit 22. The first strip-shaped slit 21 and the second strip-shaped slit 22 on each rectangular waveguide form a pair of waveguide slot antennas, radiating omnidirectional horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves outward, serving as an omnidirectional horizontally polarized antenna. In this way, multiple rectangular waveguides 1 can form multiple pairs of waveguide slot antennas, obtaining multiple omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas. The operating frequency bands of these multiple omnidirectional horizontally polarized antennas can be the same or different. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0089] Among them, in the scheme where the number of rectangular waveguides 1 is multiple, both ends of each rectangular waveguide 1 along the waveguide direction are in a closed state, and the feeding method of each rectangular waveguide 1 is through a coaxial probe for feeding.

[0090] Reference Figure 8 As shown, the number of rectangular waveguides 1 is three, which are respectively denoted as the first rectangular waveguide 1A, the second rectangular waveguide 1B, and the third rectangular waveguide 1C. The first rectangular waveguide 1A, the second rectangular waveguide 1B, and the third rectangular waveguide 1C are arranged in sequence along the waveguide direction. The two relatively positioned first strip-shaped slits 21 and second strip-shaped slits 22 on the first rectangular waveguide 1A form an independent omnidirectional horizontally polarized antenna. The two relatively positioned first strip-shaped slits 21 and second strip-shaped slits 22 on the second rectangular waveguide 1B form an independent omnidirectional horizontally polarized antenna. The two relatively positioned first strip-shaped slits 21 and second strip-shaped slits 22 on the third rectangular waveguide 1C form an independent omnidirectional horizontally polarized antenna.

[0091] In another example, as Figure 9 shown, the number of rectangular waveguides 1 can be one, and on the first tube wall 11 of the rectangular waveguide 1, there are multiple first strip-shaped slits 21 along the waveguide direction, and / or, on the second tube wall 12, there are multiple second strip-shaped slits 22 along the waveguide direction.

[0092] Among them, in the scheme where the number of rectangular waveguides 1 is one, and there are multiple first strip-shaped slits 21 on the first tube wall 11 along the waveguide direction, and / or, there are multiple second strip-shaped slits 22 on the second tube wall 12 along the waveguide direction, one end of the rectangular waveguide 1 along the waveguide direction can be open and the other end can be closed, and power is fed into the rectangular waveguide 1 through the open end.

[0093] For example, reference Figure 9As shown in the figure, on the first tube wall 11 of the rectangular waveguide 1, there are a plurality of first strip-shaped slits 21 along the waveguide direction, and on the second tube wall 12, there are also a plurality of second strip-shaped slits 22 along the waveguide direction. As an example, the number of the first strip-shaped slits 21 on the first tube wall 11 may be equal to the number of the second strip-shaped slits 22 on the second tube wall 12. A first strip-shaped slit 21 and a second strip-shaped slit 22 that are opposite in the y-axis direction form a pair of strip-shaped slits, and this pair of strip-shaped slits can be used as an omnidirectional horizontal polarization antenna. Then, the rectangular waveguide 1 can form multiple pairs of strip-shaped slits along the waveguide direction, and each pair of strip-shaped slits forms an omnidirectional horizontal polarization antenna, thereby forming a plurality of omnidirectional horizontal polarization antennas.

[0094] In one example, Figure 8 and Figure 9 the operating frequency bands of the omnidirectional horizontal antennas formed by multiple pairs of strip-shaped slits in may be the same or different. For example, among the multiple omnidirectional horizontal antennas formed by multiple pairs of strip-shaped slits, some are 2.4G omnidirectional horizontal polarization antennas, and the other part are 5G omnidirectional horizontal polarization antennas.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna includes a rectangular waveguide. On the first tube wall 11 and the second tube wall 12 where the two long sides of the rectangular waveguide are located, strip-shaped slits are provided. The strip-shaped slits provided on the first tube wall 11 are denoted as the first strip-shaped slits 21, and the strip-shaped slits provided on the second tube wall 12 are denoted as the second strip-shaped slits 22. The first strip-shaped slits 21 on the first tube wall 11 radiate electromagnetic waves in a direction away from the second tube wall 12 with the second tube wall 12 as a reflector, and the second strip-shaped slits 22 on the second tube wall 12 radiate electromagnetic waves in a direction away from the first tube wall 11 with the first tube wall 11 as a reflector. Therefore, the two strip-shaped slits, namely the first strip-shaped slits and the second strip-shaped slits on the rectangular waveguide 1, can radiate electromagnetic waves omnidirectionally by 360 degrees. Also, since the included angle between the strip direction of the first strip-shaped slits and the waveguide direction of the electromagnetic waves propagating in the rectangular waveguide is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees, and the included angle between the strip direction of the second strip-shaped slits and the waveguide direction is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees, and the waveguide direction is perpendicular to the ground, both the first strip-shaped slits and the second strip-shaped slits can radiate electromagnetic waves in the horizontal polarization direction. Therefore, the first strip-shaped slits and the second strip-shaped slits can radiate horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves omnidirectionally by 360 degrees.

[0096] Generating omnidirectional horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves by providing the first strip-shaped slits and the second strip-shaped slits on the rectangular waveguide, compared with generating a circularly distributed current on four dipole radiation units to excite omnidirectional horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves, the size of the antenna in this embodiment is smaller and can be assembled in the sleeve rod of the network device.

[0097] This embodiment also provides a network device, which can be an AP, an ONT or an ONU. The network device may include an omnidirectional vertically polarized antenna and an omnidirectional horizontally polarized antenna, wherein the omnidirectional horizontally polarized antenna can be the antenna described above.

[0098] The foregoing are only optional embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present disclosure shall be included within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a rectangular waveguide tube (1), the rectangular waveguide tube (1) comprising a first tube wall (11) and a second tube wall (12), the first tube wall (11) and the second tube wall (12) being located opposite to each other and both being the tube walls where the long sides of the rectangular waveguide tube (1) are located; The first tube wall (11) has a first strip-shaped slit (21), the second tube wall (12) has a second strip-shaped slit (22), and the angle between the strip direction of the first strip-shaped slit (21) and the waveguide direction of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the rectangular waveguide tube (1), as well as the angle between the strip direction of the second strip-shaped slit (22) and the waveguide direction, are both greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The first strip-shaped slit (21) on the first tube wall (11) and the second strip-shaped slit (22) on the second tube wall (12) are mirror-symmetrical, and the mirror plane is the center plane between the first tube wall (11) and the second tube wall (12).

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The first strip-shaped slit (21) on the first tube wall (11) is parallel to and does not overlap with a first center line of the first tube wall (11), wherein the first center line of the first tube wall (11) is a center line of the first tube wall (11) parallel to the waveguide direction.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second strip-shaped slit (22) on the second tube wall (12) is parallel to and does not overlap with a second center line of the second tube wall (12), wherein the second center line of the second tube wall (12) is a center line of the second tube wall (12) parallel to the waveguide direction.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The lengths of the first strip-shaped slot (21) and the second strip-shaped slot (22) are both λ / 2, wherein λ is the central wavelength of the wavelength band of the electromagnetic wave radiated in free space.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The first end opening and the second end opening of the rectangular waveguide tube (1) are both in a closed state, and the rectangular waveguide tube (1) is fed by a coaxial probe, wherein the first end opening and the second end opening are the two end openings of the rectangular waveguide tube (1) along the waveguide direction.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end opening of the rectangular waveguide tube (1) is in an open state, and the second end opening is in a closed state; the rectangular waveguide tube (1) is fed via the first end opening, wherein the first end opening and the second end opening are the two end openings of the rectangular waveguide tube (1) along the waveguide direction.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The number of the rectangular waveguide tubes (1) is multiple, and the multiple rectangular waveguide tubes (1) are arranged in sequence along the waveguide direction.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first tube wall (11) has a plurality of first strip-shaped slits (21) along the waveguide direction, and / or the second tube wall (12) has a plurality of second strip-shaped slits (22) along the waveguide direction.

10. A network device, characterized in that: The network device comprises a vertically polarized antenna and a horizontally polarized antenna, and the horizontally polarized antenna is the antenna described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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