Forage harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly discloses a forage grass harvester which comprises a rack, a plurality of rotary cutting knives, holding pawls, swing arms and grass combing wheels, the rotary cutting knives are transversely arranged below the rack side by side, the holding pawls are arranged in front of each rotary cutting knife, the two swing arms are arranged on the two sides of the rack in a swinging mode, one end of each swing arm is hinged to the rack, and the other end of each swing arm is hinged to the grass combing wheels. A grass combing wheel is rotationally arranged between the other ends of the two swing arms; according to the rotary cutting knife, the telescopic holding and reversing teeth are arranged in front of the rotary cutting knife, the holding and reversing teeth extend into the bottoms of pasture plants to tidy and divide the pasture into ridges, and the grass combing wheels are further arranged and can assist in combing lodging pasture and separating the pasture which is lapped and staggered with one another; the probability that the rotary cutting knife cuts the forage grass is reduced, the harvested forage grass is kept complete, a hay rake can conveniently gather the forage grass in the later period, and the loss after the forage grass is cut is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a forage harvester. Background Art

[0002] Alfalfa is mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and the northwest regions of China. Due to its high crude protein content, complete variety of amino acids, reasonable composition, and similarity to the protein and amino acid composition ratio in animals, with a relatively high conversion efficiency, alfalfa is currently widely planted as forage for livestock breeding.

[0003] Currently, most of the mechanical harvesting of alfalfa uses a rotary cutter to cut the main stem of alfalfa near the ground, leaving it in place for a certain degree of drying. After drying, a rake and a forage baler are used for baling and storage. However, when alfalfa is sown, there is no certain pattern, and during the growth process, it interlaces and overlaps with each other, and the main stem of alfalfa after growing taller will lodge in various directions; the existing cutter has a relatively large distance from the ground, and some horizontally growing main stems of alfalfa cannot be cut off, resulting in a large number of main stems of alfalfa not being collected by the rake during the later stage of forage collection, and manual secondary harvesting is required; and due to the lodging of alfalfa, the part above the main stem is chopped by the rotary cutter, and the forage plants are repeatedly cut horizontally by the cutter into shredded grass, which cannot be effectively collected by the rake, resulting in losses and waste of forage. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a forage harvester to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The utility model is implemented by the following technical solutions: A forage harvester includes a frame, a rotary cutter, a lodging-resistant tooth, a swing arm, and a forage combing wheel. A number of rotary cutters are arranged side by side horizontally below the frame. A lodging-resistant tooth is provided in front of each rotary cutter. Two swing arms are swingably arranged on both sides of the frame. One end of each swing arm is hinged to the frame, and a forage combing wheel is rotatably arranged between the other ends of the two swing arms. Hydraulic cylinders are hinged on both sides of the frame, and the telescopic ends of the hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the swing arms. The forage combing wheel includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected between the two swing arms. A number of tooth discs are fixedly arranged side by side along the length direction of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of tooth rods are arranged in a circle along the radial direction on the tooth discs.

[0006] Further, the rotary cutter includes a protective cover, a cutter shaft, a cutter disc, and a cutter head. A gearbox is provided at the bottom of the frame. The upper end of the protective cover is fixed to the gearbox. The lower end of the protective cover is disc-shaped. One end of the cutter shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the gearbox, and the other end of the cutter shaft passes through the protective cover and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc. A number of cutter heads are circumferentially hinged on the cutter disc.

[0007] Further, the free end of the cutter head is T-shaped, and the free end of the cutter head is bent downward in parallel.

[0008] Furthermore, the tooth disc spacing of the grass combing wheel is 15 - 30 cm.

[0009] Furthermore, the top end of the tooth bar is bent at a certain angle in the direction of the tooth disc rotation.

[0010] Furthermore, the lodging - righting teeth include a fixed part and a telescopic head. The fixed part is overall conical. At the front end of the fixed part, there is a telescopic oil cylinder. The fixed end of the telescopic oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed part, and the telescopic end of the telescopic oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the telescopic head.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic head includes a conical housing and a slide plate hinged to the bottom of the housing. The head of the slide plate is smoothly upturned, and there is a compression spring between the head of the slide plate and the housing.

[0012] Advantages of the present utility model: By providing retractable lodging - righting teeth in front of the rotary cutter, the lodging - righting teeth are extended into the bottom of the forage plants to sort and ridge the forage. Further, there is also a grass combing wheel, which can assist in combing the lodged forage and separating the overlapping and interlaced forage. Through the arrangement of the lodging - righting teeth and the grass combing wheel, the probability of the rotary cutter chopping the forage is reduced, the harvested forage remains intact, which is convenient for the later rake to gather, and reduces the loss of the chopped forage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the lodging - righting teeth.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grass combing wheel.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the rotary cutter.

[0017] In the figure: frame 1, rotary cutter 2, lodging - righting teeth 3, swing arm 4, grass combing wheel 5, hydraulic cylinder 6, gear box 7, worm connection mechanism 8, protective cover 201, cutter shaft 202, cutter disc 203, cutter head 204, fixed part 301, telescopic head 302, telescopic oil cylinder 303, housing 304, slide plate 305, compression spring 306, rotating shaft 501, tooth disc 502, tooth bar 503. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0019] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0020] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown: A forage harvester includes a frame 1, a rotary cutter 2, a knockdown tooth 3, a swing arm 4, and a hay rake wheel 5. A plurality of rotary cutters 2 are arranged side by side horizontally below the frame 1. The cutting direction of the rotary cutter 2 is parallel to the ground. The rotary cutter 2 is used to cut off the main stem of the forage near the ground. A knockdown tooth 3 is provided in front of each rotary cutter 2. The knockdown tooth 3 includes a fixing part 301 and a telescopic head 302. The fixing part 301 is generally conical. A plurality of knockdown teeth 3 are arranged side by side and extend downward into the bottom of the forage plants to play a role in combing and ridging, facilitating the cutting by the rotary cutter 2 placed behind; A telescopic oil cylinder 303 is provided at the front end of the fixing part 301. The fixed end of the telescopic oil cylinder 303 is fixedly connected to the fixing part 301, and the telescopic end of the telescopic oil cylinder 303 is fixedly connected to the telescopic head 302. The telescopic oil cylinder 303 is arranged obliquely downward. The height of the telescopic head 302 can be controlled by controlling the length of the telescopic oil cylinder 303. The telescopic head 302 includes a conical housing 304 and a slide plate 305 whose bottom is hinged to the housing 304. The head of the slide plate 305 is smoothly upturned. A compression spring 306 is provided between the head of the slide plate 305 and the housing 304. The compression spring 306 presses the head of the slide plate 305 against the ground. The slide plate 305 is in contact with the ground during operation. The smoothly upturned head of the slide plate 305 enables the slide plate 305 to slide in contact with the ground when advancing forward. The upturned head of the slide plate 305 can ensure that the soil layer will not be shoveled during sliding and can follow the undulation of the ground when encountering ground undulations; During use, first adjust the height of the telescopic head 302 by the length of the telescopic oil cylinder 303. The spring provided between the head of the slide plate 305 and the housing 304 can keep the slide plate 305 in a state of being in contact with the ground. The telescopic head 302 can make the knockdown tooth 3 extend into the bottom of the forage plants. Since the forage is sown irregularly, the knockdown tooth 3 can ridge the forage, comb and separate the lodged and intertwined forage, and lift the horizontally lodged forage plants, facilitating the cutting by the rotary cutter 2 behind, reducing the probability of the whole forage plant being chopped, reducing the integrity of the forage plants, facilitating the later raking machine to gather them, and reducing the loss rate of the forage.

[0021] As Figure 3As shown: two swing arms 4 are swingably provided on both sides of the frame 1, one end of the swing arm 4 is hinged to the frame 1, and a grass combing wheel 5 is rotatably provided between the other ends of the two swing arms 4. Hydraulic cylinders 6 are hinged on both sides of the frame 1, and the telescopic ends of the hydraulic cylinders 6 are hinged to the swing arms 4. The telescopic ends of the hydraulic cylinders 6 can control the swing arms 4 to swing, and then control the grass combing wheel 5 to rise and fall. When the grass combing wheel 5 is needed, the grass combing wheel 5 is lowered to contact the forage grass, and when not in use, the grass combing wheel 5 can be lifted up. The grass combing wheel 5 includes a rotating shaft 501 rotatably connected between the two swing arms 4, and the rotating shaft 501 is connected to the driving motor for providing power to the grass combing wheel 5. A plurality of toothed discs 502 are fixed side by side along the length direction of the rotating shaft 501. The spacing between the toothed discs 502 of 5 is between 15 and 30 cm, and the grass combing wheel 5 of corresponding width can be manufactured according to the width of the grass plants. A plurality of toothed rods 503 are arranged radially around the toothed disc 502. The top of the toothed rod 503 is bent at a certain angle toward the rotation direction of the toothed disc 502. When the toothed disc 502 rotates, the toothed rod 503 is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft 501. The free end of the toothed rod 503 extends into the bottom of the grass, and then rotates upward to lift the grass upward, lift the fallen grass plants upward, and arrange them in one direction, playing the role of a comb. The grass lodging condition after being arranged by the grass combing wheel 5 is improved, which is convenient for the subsequent rotary cutter 2 to cut, and reduces the probability of the fallen grass being chopped.

[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, the rotary cutter 2 includes a protective cover 201, a knife shaft 202, a knife disc 203 and a knife head 204. A gear box 7 is provided at the bottom of the frame 1. The gear box 7 is connected to the worm connecting mechanism 8 at the top of the frame 1 through transmission. The worm connecting mechanism 8 is connected to a driving machine such as a tractor through a coupling, and the power is provided by the transmission shaft. The worm connecting mechanism 8 transmits the power of the driving machine such as the tractor to the gear box 7. The gear box 7 is provided with a plurality of output shafts in parallel. The upper end of the protective cover 201 is fixed to the gear box 7, and the lower end of the protective cover 201 is disc-shaped. After the main stem of the forage grass is cut off, the protective cover 201 can isolate the forage grass plants that fall on the protective cover 201 from the rotating knife disc 203 to prevent the forage grass from being rolled into the knife disc 203; one end of the knife shaft 202 is connected to the gear The output shaft of box 7 is fixedly connected, and the other end of the knife shaft 202 passes through the protective cover 201 and is fixedly connected to the knife disc 203. A plurality of knife heads 204 are hinged circumferentially on the knife disc 203. The knife disc 203 rotates, driving the knife heads 204 hinged thereon to rotate, and the rotating knife heads 204 cut the grass. The knife disc 203 is movably hinged with the knife disc 203. When the knife heads 204 encounter obstacles such as hard stones, they can rebound and will not jam the knife disc 203. The free end of the knife head 204 is T-shaped. The T-shaped knife head 204 can reduce the contact angle between the knife head 204 and the grass when cutting, so that the knife head 204 has a higher cutting rate for the grass. The free end of the knife head 204 is bent downward in parallel, so that the knife head 204 is closer to the ground, reducing the loss of grass.

Claims

1. A forage harvester, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a rotary cutter (2), a supporting tooth (3), a swing arm (4) and a grass combing wheel (5), wherein a plurality of rotary cutters (2) are arranged side by side in a horizontal manner below the frame (1), a supporting tooth (3) is arranged in front of each rotary cutter (2), two swing arms (4) are swingably arranged on both sides of the frame (1), one end of the swing arm (4) is hinged to the frame (1), a grass combing wheel (5) is rotatably arranged between the other ends of the two swing arms (4), a hydraulic cylinder (6) is hinged to both sides of the frame (1), a telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (6) is hinged to the swing arm (4), and the grass combing wheel (5) comprises a rotating shaft (501) rotatably connected between the two swing arms (4), a plurality of toothed discs (502) are fixed side by side along the length direction of the rotating shaft (501), and a plurality of toothed rods (503) are arranged on the toothed disc (502) along a radial circle.

2. A forage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary cutter (2) comprises a protective cover (201), a cutter shaft (202), a cutter disc (203) and a cutter head (204); a gear box (7) is provided at the bottom of the frame (1); the upper end of the protective cover (201) is fixed to the gear box (7); the lower end of the protective cover (201) is in a disc shape; one end of the cutter shaft (202) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the gear box (7); the other end of the cutter shaft (202) passes through the protective cover (201) and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc (203); and a plurality of cutter heads (204) are circumferentially hinged on the cutter disc (203).

3. A forage harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The free end of the blade head (204) is T-shaped, and the free end of the blade head (204) is bent downward in parallel.

4. A forage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the toothed discs (502) of the grass combing wheel (5) is 15-30 cm.

5. The forage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the gear rod (503) is bent at a certain angle towards the rotation direction of the gear disc (502).

6. A forage harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The supporting tooth (3) comprises a fixed portion (301) and a telescopic head (302); the fixed portion (301) is tapered as a whole; a telescopic oil cylinder (303) is provided at the front end of the fixed portion (301); the fixed end of the telescopic oil cylinder (303) is fixedly connected to the fixed portion (301); and the telescopic end of the telescopic oil cylinder (303) is fixedly connected to the telescopic head (302).

7. A forage harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic head (302) comprises a conical shell (304) and a slide plate (305) whose bottom is hinged to the shell (304); the head of the slide plate (305) is smoothly warped upward, and a compression spring (306) is provided between the head of the slide plate (305) and the shell (304).

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