Solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device based on light storage direct drive-microfluidic heat dissipation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device based on light storage direct drive-microfluidic heat dissipation. The solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device comprises a photovoltaic panel and a loop formed by connecting a direct-current compressor, a direct-cooling evaporator, an electronic expansion valve and an air-cooled condenser through pipelines. The photovoltaic panel and the direct-current compressor are both connected to the solar controller; a micro-fluidic pipeline is etched in an embedded micro-fluidic chip in the embedded direct-cooling evaporator through a photoetching machine, a fan is arranged on the lower portion of an air-cooled condenser, and a thermoelectric refrigerating unit is arranged on the upper portion of the air-cooled condenser. The thermoelectric refrigerating unit comprises n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors which are arranged between the two insulating plates and are equal in number, and all the n-type semiconductors and the p-type semiconductors are alternately connected in series through wires at intervals; current change is controlled according to voltage fluctuation of the refrigerating system to realize constant power of the refrigerating system. The storage battery stabilizes voltage fluctuation, power supply form conversion is carried out according to three modes of illumination intensity and illumination insufficiency, and the purpose of peak regulation of the photovoltaic power generation system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic refrigeration, and specifically relates to a solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device. Background Technique

[0002] With the continuous growth of energy demand and the increasingly serious environmental problems, solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, has received extensive attention for the improvement of its utilization efficiency. As one of the main forms of solar energy utilization, the photovoltaic power generation system converts solar light energy into electrical energy, providing a sustainable energy solution for humans. However, traditional photovoltaic power generation systems still have certain limitations in terms of conversion efficiency, stability, and cost, and there is an urgent need to develop new photovoltaic power generation technologies to improve the utilization of solar energy.

[0003] Evaporators and condensers are key components in refrigeration and air-conditioning systems, and their performance directly affects the efficiency and reliability of the entire refrigeration system. The evaporator absorbs the heat of the refrigerant, causing the refrigerant to undergo a phase change, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling. The condenser dissipates the heat in the refrigerant through heat dissipation. However, traditional evaporator and condenser refrigeration technologies still have certain deficiencies in terms of energy efficiency, noise, and reliability, and need to be further optimized and improved.

[0004] Promote the realization of photovoltaic refrigeration, adopt new photovoltaic power generation technologies, design a new architecture for the evaporator, and jointly apply air-cooled thermoelectric refrigeration to the condenser, which not only improves the photovoltaic power generation efficiency and meets the requirements of resource and environmental protection, but also greatly promotes the development of device refrigeration and improves the durability of the device. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device based on photoreservoir direct drive - microfluidic heat dissipation. The proposed device directly utilizes solar photovoltaic DC power generation and uses a storage battery to suppress voltage fluctuations. The controller controls the current through the regulation between the source, storage, and load, effectively improving the utilization efficiency of solar photovoltaic power generation. The evaporator microchannel and the thermoelectric cooler are independently designed to achieve efficient cooling. The design of the solar photovoltaic - microfluidic refrigeration integration greatly reduces the economic cost of thermoelectric energy storage and can also achieve the purpose of efficient refrigeration of the device.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model provides a solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device based on photovoltaic energy storage direct drive - microfluidic heat dissipation, which includes a photovoltaic panel and a loop formed by connecting a DC compressor, a direct cooling evaporator, an electronic expansion valve, and an air-cooled condenser through pipelines; a power meter is provided on the DC compressor; both the photovoltaic panel and the DC compressor are connected to a solar controller, and the solar controller is connected to a console; the embedded direct cooling evaporator includes an embedded microfluidic chip, and microfluidic channels are etched inside the embedded microfluidic chip by a lithography machine; a fan is provided at the lower part of the air-cooled condenser, and a thermoelectric cooler is provided at the upper part of the air-cooled condenser, and the distance between the thermoelectric cooler and the air-cooled condenser is 1 - 2 cm; the thermoelectric cooler is connected to a DC power supply, and the thermoelectric cooler includes an equal number of n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors arranged between two insulating plates, and all the n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors are spaced and alternately connected in series by wires; after the current is conducted, electrons flow from the negative electrode through the bottom of the n-type semiconductor to the top of the n-type semiconductor, enter the top of the p-type semiconductor, flow through the bottom of the p-type semiconductor, and then enter the bottom of the next n-type semiconductor, and so on, until reaching the bottom of the last p-type semiconductor from the top of the last p-type semiconductor.

[0007] Further, in the solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device of the present utility model:

[0008] After the current is conducted, electrons enter the n-type semiconductor. The n-type semiconductor is filled with electrons in low-energy orbits. In order to pass through the n-type semiconductor, electrons need to absorb external heat to reach higher-energy orbits and then enter from the bottom to the top. After reaching the top, the electrons enter the low-energy orbit state and release heat. When entering the top of the p-type semiconductor through the wire, since the p-type semiconductor lacks electrons, the electrons will enter lower-energy orbits and release heat. Finally, when the electrons go from the top to the bottom of the p-type semiconductor, the electrons absorb external heat to reach higher-energy orbits; in all n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors, such a cycle occurs, the bottom of the thermoelectric cooler absorbs heat and the temperature decreases, and the top releases heat and the temperature increases; thus, heat dissipation is carried out on the air-cooled condenser.

[0009] Both the solar controller and the DC compressor are connected to a storage battery.

[0010] Both the embedded evaporator and the air-cooled condenser are selected as shell-and-tube heat exchangers.

[0011] The DC compressor is selected as a rolling piston type.

[0012] R134a is selected as the operating refrigerant, and the refrigerant enters the microfluidic channels of the embedded direct cooling evaporator, thereby realizing heat dissipation of the embedded microfluidic chip and recycling in the refrigeration system.

[0013] According to different light intensities throughout the day, the power supply of the refrigeration system has one of the following methods: when the light intensity is sufficient, it is powered by photovoltaic cells; when the light intensity is insufficient, it is powered by photovoltaic cells and the storage battery in parallel; when there is no light, the storage battery discharges to achieve peak shaving of the photovoltaic power generation system, thereby achieving the purpose of stabilizing the voltage fluctuation of the storage battery.

[0014] The solar controller realizes the matching of supply and demand according to the regulation between photovoltaic power generation, battery energy storage and refrigeration system refrigeration, and regulates the current while the voltage of the refrigeration system fluctuates to ensure the constant power of the refrigeration system.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0016] The present utility model provides a solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device based on photoenergy storage direct drive - microfluidic heat dissipation. On the one hand, it rationally utilizes the electric energy generated by solar photovoltaic direct current power generation, improves the energy utilization efficiency, and effectively protects the environment; independently designs the microfluidic evaporator structure and the thermoelectric refrigerator structure, promotes the recycling of the refrigerant, improves the refrigeration efficiency, and saves more resources compared with the traditional water-cooled evaporator. On the other hand, the design of the solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device based on photoenergy storage direct drive - microfluidic heat dissipation reduces the subsequent cost to the greatest extent while achieving environmental protection, resource conservation, and improved refrigeration efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the lower fan of the air-cooled condenser shown in

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the embedded direct-cooling evaporator shown in

[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the air-cooled condenser shown in

[0021] In the figure:

[0022] 1 - Photovoltaic panel, 2 - Console, 3 - Power meter, 4 - Storage battery

[0023] 5 - Solar controller, 6 - DC compressor, 7 - Embedded direct-cooling evaporator, 8 - Fan

[0024] 9 - Air-cooled condenser, 10 - Electronic expansion valve, 11 - Thermoelectric refrigerator, 12 - Microfluidic pipeline

[0025] 13 - Conductor Detailed Implementation Manner

[0026] The following further describes the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the following embodiments are by no means restrictive of the present utility model.

[0027] A solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device based on photovoltaic - storage direct - drive and microfluidic heat dissipation proposed by the present utility model, as Figure 1 shown. This device mainly includes a photovoltaic panel 1, a solar controller 5, a console 2, a storage battery 4, a DC compressor 6, a power meter 3, an air - cooled condenser 9, a thermoelectric cooler 11, an electronic expansion valve 10, an embedded direct - cooling evaporator 7, and a fan 8 connected by a series of pipelines. The present utility model is divided into two systems, namely a photovoltaic - storage DC direct - drive system and a vapor compression refrigeration system. The photovoltaic - storage DC direct - drive system is composed of the solar photovoltaic panel 1, the storage battery 4, and the solar controller 5. The solar photovoltaic panel converts photons of solar energy into electrons, generating DC electrical energy, and directly driving the DC compressor 6. When the power generation of the photovoltaic panel 1 is greater than the power required by the compressor, the photovoltaic panel 1 directly drives the DC compressor 6, and the excess electrical energy is stored in the storage battery 4. Otherwise, the storage battery 4 and the photovoltaic panel 1 jointly drive the DC compressor 6, and the MPPT technology is used to control the charging / discharging of the battery. The vapor compression refrigeration system includes a loop formed by connecting the DC compressor 6, the direct - cooling evaporator 7, the electronic expansion valve 10, and the air - cooled condenser 9 by pipelines, and the DC compressor 6 is connected to the power meter 3. The photovoltaic panel 1 and the DC compressor 6 are both connected to the solar controller 5, the solar controller 5 and the DC compressor 6 are both connected to the storage battery 4, and the solar controller 5 is connected to the console 2.

[0028] In the present utility model, the embedded evaporator 7 and the air - cooled condenser 9 both select shell - and - tube heat exchangers, and the DC compressor 6 selects a rolling piston type.

[0029] The fan 8 is arranged below the air - cooled condenser 9, the thermoelectric cooler 11 is arranged above the air - cooled condenser 9, and the distance between the thermoelectric cooler 11 and the air - cooled condenser 9 is 1 - 2 cm, as Figure 2 shown.

[0030] The embedded direct - cooling evaporator 7 includes an embedded microfluidic chip, and microfluidic channels 12 are etched inside the embedded microfluidic chip by a lithography machine; as Figure 3 shown. In the present utility model, R134a is selected as the working medium. This working medium enters the microfluidic channels 12 directly connected to the embedded microfluidic chip in the embedded direct - cooling evaporator 7 to achieve maximum heat absorption, thereby dissipating heat from the embedded microfluidic chip and realizing recycling in the refrigeration system.

[0031] The thermoelectric cooler 11 is connected to a DC power supply. The thermoelectric cooler 11 includes an equal number of n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors disposed between two insulating plates. All the n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors are connected in series by wires 14 at intervals and alternately. After the current is turned on, electrons flow from the negative electrode through the bottom of the n-type semiconductor to the top of the n-type semiconductor, then enter the top of the p-type semiconductor, flow through the bottom of the p-type semiconductor, and then enter the bottom of the next n-type semiconductor, and so on, until reaching the bottom of the last p-type semiconductor from the top of the p-type semiconductor. As Figure 4 shown

[0032] After the current is turned on, electrons enter the n-type semiconductor from the negative electrode through wire (A). The n-type semiconductor is filled with electrons in low-energy-level orbits. In order to pass through the n-type semiconductor, electrons need to absorb external heat to reach higher-energy-level orbits and then enter from the bottom to the top. After reaching the top, the electrons enter the low-energy-level orbit state and release heat. When entering the top of the p-type semiconductor through wire (B), since the p-type semiconductor lacks electrons, the electrons will enter lower-energy-level orbits and release heat. Finally, when the electrons go from the top to the bottom of the p-type semiconductor, the electrons absorb external heat to reach higher-energy-level orbits. In all the n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors, such a cycle occurs. The bottom of the thermoelectric cooler 11 absorbs heat and the temperature decreases, while the top releases heat and the temperature increases. Thus, heat dissipation is carried out for the air-cooled condenser 9, as Figure 4 shown. In short, after connecting the direct current, one end of the thermoelectric cooler 11 will have a lower temperature and the other end will have a higher temperature. When the device is installed, the low-temperature end is in contact with the heat dissipation end of the air-cooled condenser 9, and the high-temperature end is in contact with the external air. Combined with air-cooled heat dissipation, it jointly promotes and improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the refrigerant.

[0033] The solar controller 5 controls the current according to the regulation and control among the source-storage-load, that is, photovoltaic power generation, battery energy storage, and vapor compression refrigeration system refrigeration. According to the voltage fluctuation of the refrigeration system, the solar controller 5 controls the current change to achieve supply-demand matching, and regulates the current while the voltage of the refrigeration system fluctuates to ensure the constant power of the refrigeration system.

[0034] The thermoelectric cooler 11 designed in the present utility model and the microfluidic pipeline 12 etched by a lithography machine inside the embedded microfluidic chip can effectively improve the heat dissipation efficiency and greatly save resources compared with traditional water-cooled heat dissipation.

[0035] The working process of the integrated solar photovoltaic refrigeration device based on photovoltaic energy storage direct drive - microfluidic cooling is as follows: sunlight is converted into direct current by the photovoltaic panel 1, and the solar controller 5 uses the maximum power point tracking technology to ensure that the photovoltaic cell is always in the best state. If the electricity generated by the photovoltaic cell exceeds the demand of the DC compressor, the excess power will be stored in the storage battery 4 for future use. According to the different light intensities throughout the day, the storage battery levels out the voltage fluctuations. When the light intensity is sufficient, it is powered by the photovoltaic panel 1; when the light intensity is insufficient for the storage battery 4 to charge, it is powered by the photovoltaic panel 1 and the storage battery 4 in parallel; when there is no light, the storage battery 4 discharges to achieve peak shaving of the photovoltaic power generation system, thereby achieving the purpose of the storage battery leveling out the voltage fluctuations. Next, the DC compressor 6 uses the power from the photovoltaic cell or the storage battery to compress the refrigerant R134a into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. Then, these high-temperature and high-pressure gases pass through the air-cooled condenser 9. Below the air-cooled condenser 9 is a fan 8, and above it is a thermoelectric cooler 11. The cold surface of the thermoelectric cooler 11 faces the air-cooled condenser 9, and the hot surface faces the external air, promoting heat exchange of the air-cooled condenser 9. With the help of the fan 8, the air-cooled condenser 9 releases heat and quickly cools the refrigerant at the same time, realizing the effective combination of thermoelectric technology and air-cooled technology, and greatly improving the refrigeration efficiency of the condenser. Subsequently, the refrigerant passes through the electronic expansion valve 10 and turns into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase flow state. Finally, it enters the microfluidic pipeline 12 etched inside the embedded microfluidic chip of the embedded direct cooling evaporator 7. Here, the microfluidic pipeline 12 is connected to expand the heat absorption area, and the refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the electronic device, thereby greatly improving the cooling efficiency and ensuring that the device always maintains an appropriate working temperature. The whole process forms a closed-loop cycle and repeats continuously to keep the electronic device operating within an acceptable temperature range. To reduce the heat loss of the pipeline and components, the pipeline and components are insulated.

[0036] Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can make many improvements and changes without departing from the purpose of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device based on solar energy storage direct drive and microfluidic heat dissipation, comprising a photovoltaic panel (1) and a circuit formed by connecting a DC compressor (6), an embedded direct cooling evaporator (7), an electronic expansion valve (10) and an air-cooled condenser (9) by pipelines; the DC compressor (6) is provided with a power meter (3); the photovoltaic panel (1) and the DC compressor (6) are both connected to a solar energy controller (5), and the solar energy controller (5) is connected to a control console (2); the embedded direct cooling evaporator (7) includes an embedded microfluidic chip, characterized in that: A microfluidic channel (12) is etched inside the embedded microfluidic chip by a photolithography machine; A fan (8) is provided at the bottom of the air-cooled condenser (9), a thermoelectric cooler (11) is provided at the top of the air-cooled condenser (9), and the distance between the thermoelectric cooler (11) and the air-cooled condenser (9) is 1 to 2 cm; The thermoelectric cooler (11) is connected to a direct current power source, and comprises an equal number of n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors arranged between two insulating plates, and all the n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors are alternately connected in series with a wire (13); after the current is turned on, electrons flow from the negative electrode from the bottom of the n-type semiconductor through the top of the n-type semiconductor to the top of the p-type semiconductor, flow through the bottom of the p-type semiconductor, and then enter the bottom of the next n-type semiconductor, ..., ..., from the top of the last p-type semiconductor to the bottom of the p-type semiconductor.

2. The solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar energy controller (5) and the DC compressor (6) are both connected to the storage battery (4).

3. The solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded direct-cooling evaporator (7) and the air-cooling condenser (9) are both shell and tube heat exchangers.

4. The solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC compressor (6) is of rolling piston type.

5. The solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: R134a is selected as the operating working fluid, and the working fluid enters the microfluidic pipeline (12) of the embedded direct cooling evaporator (7), thereby achieving heat dissipation for the embedded microfluidic chip and recycling in the refrigeration system.

6. The solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Depending on the intensity of sunlight throughout the day, the cooling system is powered in one of the following ways: The light intensity is sufficient and the electricity is supplied by photovoltaic cells; When the light intensity is insufficient, the photovoltaic cell and the storage battery (4) are used in parallel to supply power; When there is no light, the storage battery (4) discharges, realizing peak regulation of the photovoltaic power generation system, thereby achieving the purpose of smoothing voltage fluctuations of the storage battery.

7. The solar photovoltaic refrigeration integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar controller (5) achieves supply-demand matching by regulating photovoltaic power generation, battery power storage and refrigeration of the refrigeration system, and regulates the current while the voltage of the refrigeration system fluctuates, thereby ensuring that the power of the refrigeration system is constant.

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