Heat exchange device and heat exchange system
By using heat pipes and heat dissipation fins, the condenser and evaporator have large size, complex welding and high processing difficulties, and efficient and convenient heat exchange effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421941900.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-12
AI Technical Summary
The existing condenser and evaporator designs have problems such as large equipment size, inconvenient transportation, high welding quality requirements, and difficult processing, which limits their application in a wider range of fields.
Heat pipes are used instead of pipe bundles, and heat transfer is achieved through the phase change of the refrigerant medium inside the heat pipe, and heat dissipation fins are added to improve efficiency, reduce the number of welding points to reduce processing difficulty.
It improves heat exchange efficiency, reduces equipment volume, facilitates transportation and processing, and reduces manufacturing costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223050248U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of heating heat exchange, and particularly relates to a heat exchange device and a heat exchange system. Background Technique
[0002] With the development of refrigeration technology, condensers and evaporators, as key components in a refrigeration system, their performance directly affects the efficiency and reliability of the entire refrigeration system. However, there are some restrictive problems in the design of existing condensers and evaporators, which not only affect the performance of the equipment but also restrict its application in a wider range of fields.
[0003] 1. Equipment volume and transportation problems; currently, condensers and evaporators are often large in design. For specific reference, see patent CN215571356U, "A Semi-hermetic Screw Ammonia Heat Pump Unit Integrating a Plate-shell Condenser and a Plate-shell Evaporator". The large volume of condensers and evaporators is mainly determined by the complexity of their internal structures and material selection. Although this large-scale design can improve the heat exchange efficiency to a certain extent, it also brings inconvenience in transportation and installation. Large equipment not only has high costs during transportation but also has high requirements for transportation tools and conditions, which limits its application in some areas with complex geographical environments or inconvenient transportation.
[0004] 2. Welding process and quality problems; as shown in the condenser structure disclosed in patent CN219797580U, "A Condenser", Figure 1 it usually consists of a tube bundle composed of multiple copper tubes inside, and these tube bundles need to be fixed to each support plate (partition plate) inside the shell through a welding process. Although existing welding technologies are mature, they have extremely high requirements for welding quality, and any welding defect may lead to the failure of the entire equipment. In addition, a large number of welding points also increase the difficulty of quality management during the production process and raise the manufacturing cost. Since the evaporator structure and the condenser structure and working principles are roughly the same, the evaporator also has the above problems.
[0005] 3. The contradiction between heat exchange efficiency and equipment volume; in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, in the design of existing condensers and evaporators, including the above-mentioned patent CN219797580U, "A Condenser", the overall surface area is often increased by adding tube bundles, so that the contact area between the tube bundles and the refrigerant increases, improving the heat exchange efficiency. Although this method can accelerate the heat exchange speed, it also leads to an increase in the equipment volume, further exacerbating the difficulties in transportation and installation.
[0006] 4. Complexity of inner surface treatment of the tube bundle; In order to increase the contact area between the coolant and the inner surface of the tube bundle and improve the heat exchange efficiency. In the prior art, methods such as setting a threaded structure on the inner surface of the tube bundle as disclosed in the patent CN2516918Y, "Direct-cooled Fishing Boat Micro-freezing Preservation Device and Special Evaporator and Condenser" are adopted. Although this design can improve the heat exchange efficiency, it also increases the processing difficulty of the tube bundle and requires precise tapping operations on the inner surface of the tube bundle. In addition, the tapping process may cause the tube wall to become thinner, reducing the strength and durability of the tube bundle and shortening the service life of the equipment.
[0007] 5. Design challenges of high-efficiency heat exchange tube bundles; When pursuing a more efficient heat exchange effect, the above-mentioned patent CN2516918Y, "Direct-cooled Fishing Boat Micro-freezing Preservation Device and Special Evaporator and Condenser", proposes to increase the tube diameter, tube length and set a threaded structure on the tube wall to increase the evaporation area and evaporation volume. If the heat transfer coefficient is 1.3 times that of a common tube bundle, the inner surface area needs to be 30 times that of a common tube bundle. However, this design requires a significant increase in the cross-sectional area of the tube bundle, resulting in an increase in the tube diameter and volume of the condenser or evaporator. This not only affects the compactness and portability of the equipment, but also poses higher requirements for the material utilization efficiency.
[0008] In summary, the existing designs of condensers and evaporators bring problems such as large equipment volume, inconvenient transportation, high welding quality requirements, and high processing difficulty while improving the heat exchange efficiency. The existence of these problems limits the application of condensers and evaporators in a wider range of fields and poses challenges to their performance and reliability. Therefore, developing a condenser and evaporator with a smaller volume, easy to transport, reduced welding quality requirements, simple processing and high heat exchange efficiency is of great significance for promoting the development of the refrigeration industry. Summary of the Utility Model
[0009] The purpose of the present utility model is to solve the above problems existing in the prior art and provide a heat exchange device and a heat exchange system.
[0010] The purpose of the present utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0011] The heat exchange device includes a housing having at least a coolant inlet, a coolant outlet, a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and a cavity communicating with the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet is formed in the housing; a partition plate penetrates the cavity in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the housing, the partition plate is penetrated by a heat pipe, and the heat pipe is welded to the partition plate and coaxially arranged with the housing; the coolant entering the housing from the coolant inlet exchanges heat with the heat pipe and finally outputs from the coolant outlet.
[0012] Preferably, a set of heat dissipation fins is arranged on the outer surface of the heat pipe, and the heat dissipation fins are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the heat pipe.
[0013] Preferably, the diameter ratio of the heat dissipation fins to the pipe diameter of the heat pipe is 1:10.
[0014] Preferably, the heat dissipation fins are threaded fins or a set of sheet fins arranged in parallel at equal distances.
[0015] Preferably, the housing is formed by connecting a first housing and a second housing through bolts; and the bolts penetrate through the partition plate to fixedly connect the partition plate to the housing; the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are both arranged on the first housing or the second housing, and the coolant is stored in the front section or the rear section of the cavity and contacts the end of the heat pipe.
[0016] Preferably, the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet and the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are respectively located on both end faces of the partition plate; the refrigerant entering the housing from the refrigerant inlet exchanges heat with the refrigerant medium inside the heat pipe, and finally is output from the refrigerant outlet.
[0017] A heat exchange system includes a compressor, an oil separator, and a condenser and an evaporator made of any one of the above heat exchange devices; liquid refrigerant enters the housing from the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator, and the gaseous refrigerant formed after heat exchange by the heat pipe is transported to the refrigerant inlet in the condenser through the refrigerant outlet, the compressor, and the oil separator, and is output from the refrigerant outlet of the condenser after secondary heat exchange and circulates into the evaporator.
[0018] The advantages of the technical solution of the present invention are mainly reflected in:
[0019] Improve the heat exchange efficiency. By using a heat pipe instead of a tube bundle, the traditional heat transfer method of contacting the coolant or refrigerant through the surface area of the tube bundle is changed to the heat transfer and heat absorption and heat release treatment realized by the phase change of the refrigerant medium inside the heat pipe during the phase change process. The heat transfer efficiency is much higher than that of heat transfer through liquid.
[0020] Reduce the equipment volume. Using one heat pipe instead of the entire tube bundle reduces the cross-section of the housing, thereby reducing the overall volume and floor area of the equipment, and making it more convenient for transportation and use.
[0021] Reduce the processing difficulty. Only by welding between one heat pipe and a partition plate can the assembly of the heat pipe be realized. By reducing the number of welding points, the welding difficulty and manufacturing cost are reduced.
[0022] Adding heat dissipation fins to the outer surface of the heat pipe can accelerate the heat transfer inside the shell and further improve the heat exchange efficiency. Although the heat dissipation fins increase the overall cross-sectional area of the heat pipe, it is much smaller than the cross-sectional area of the tube bundle used in the prior art, and the overall volume is small. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0023] Figure 1 : Structure diagram of the background technology of the present utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 : Cross-sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 : Exploded view of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;
[0026] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments
[0027] The objectives, advantages and features of the present utility model will be illustrated and explained by the following non-restrictive description of the preferred embodiments. These embodiments are only typical examples of applying the technical solutions of the present utility model, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.
[0028] In the description of the solution, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of description and simplification of the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. And in the description of the solution, with the operator as the reference, the direction close to the operator is the proximal end, and the direction away from the operator is the distal end.
[0029] The heat pipe technology is a heat transfer element called "heat pipe" invented by George Grover of the Los Alamos National Laboratory in the United States in 1963. It makes full use of the principle of heat conduction and the rapid heat transfer property of the phase change medium, and quickly transfers the heat of the heat-generating object outside the heat source through the heat pipe. Its heat conduction ability exceeds that of any known metal.
[0030] Heat pipe technology was previously widely used in industries such as aerospace and military. Since it was introduced into the radiator manufacturing industry, it has changed people's traditional radiator design concepts, getting rid of the single heat dissipation mode that solely relies on high-airflow motors to achieve better heat dissipation effects. The use of heat pipe technology enables radiators to obtain satisfactory heat exchange effects, opening up a new world in the heat dissipation industry. Currently, heat pipes are widely used in various heat exchange devices, including the nuclear power field and the computer field, such as the waste heat utilization of nuclear power.
[0031] As shown in the figure, the present utility model discloses a heat exchange device, which includes a housing 1 having at least a coolant inlet 101 and a coolant outlet 102. Further, the housing 1 is formed by connecting a first housing 11 and a second housing 12 through bolts; and the bolts penetrate through a partition plate 2 to fixedly connect the partition plate 2 with the housing 1; the coolant inlet 101 and the coolant outlet 102 are both arranged on the first housing 11 or the second housing 12, and the coolant is stored in the front section or the rear section of the cavity 10 and contacts the end of the heat pipe 3. In the heat exchange device, a heat pipe is used instead of the tube bundle in the prior art. Only by welding between one heat pipe and one partition plate can the assembly of the heat pipe be realized. By reducing the number of welding points, the welding difficulty and manufacturing cost are reduced, and the welding requirement is decreased, making the overall assembly simple and facilitating production and processing. At the same time, through the phase change of the refrigerant medium inside the heat pipe and the realization of heat transfer and heat absorption and heat release treatment during the phase change process, the heat transfer efficiency is improved; the equipment volume is reduced, and thus the overall volume and floor area of the equipment are reduced, making it more convenient for transportation and use.
[0032] The coolant includes chilled water and cooling water. Among them, the chilled water from the user point enters the housing 1 through the coolant inlet 101 and contacts the high-temperature section of the heat pipe 3. The temperature of the chilled water output from the user point is reduced by the heat pipe 3, and then the cooled chilled water is fed back to the user point from the coolant outlet 102. The low-temperature cooling water from the cooling tower or the environment enters the housing 1 through the coolant inlet 101 and contacts the low-temperature section of the heat pipe 3. The cooling water output from the cooling tower or the environment is heated by the heat pipe 3, and then the heated cooling water is fed back to the cooling tower or the environment from the coolant outlet 102.
[0033] The temperature of the chilled water output from the user point to the evaporator is generally about 12 °C, and the temperature of the chilled water output from the evaporator to the user point is about 7 °C. The temperature of the cooling water output from the cooling tower or the heat exchanger to the condenser is generally about 32 °C, and the temperature of the cooling water output from the condenser to the cooling tower or the environment is generally about 37 °C.
[0034] A refrigerant inlet 103 and a refrigerant outlet 104 are further provided on the first housing 11 or the second housing 12. The refrigerant inlet 103 and the refrigerant outlet 104 and the coolant inlet 101 and the coolant outlet 102 are respectively located on two end faces of the partition plate 2; the refrigerant entering the housing 1 from the refrigerant inlet 103 exchanges heat with the refrigerant medium inside the heat pipe 3 and finally outputs from the refrigerant outlet 104.
[0035] A cavity 10 communicating with the coolant inlet 101 and the coolant outlet 102 is formed inside the housing 1. A partition plate 2 penetrates through the cavity 10 along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1. The partition plate 2 is penetrated by the heat pipe 3, and the heat pipe 3 is welded to the partition plate 2 and is coaxially arranged with the housing 1. The coolant entering the housing 1 from the coolant inlet 101 exchanges heat with the heat pipe 3 and finally outputs from the coolant outlet 102.
[0036] A group of heat dissipation fins 31 are arranged on the outer surface of the heat pipe 3, and the heat dissipation fins 31 are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the heat pipe 3. As Figures 2 to 3 shown, the heat dissipation fins 31 are threaded fins or a group of sheet fins arranged in parallel at equal intervals. Further, the diameter of the heat dissipation fins 31 is 1:10 of the pipe diameter of the heat pipe 3. Adding heat dissipation fins on the outer surface of the heat pipe speeds up the heat transfer in the housing and further improves the heat exchange efficiency. The finning ratio of the heat dissipation fins 31 can be 10. When the finning ratio is 10, the effect of rapid heat dissipation can be achieved while reducing the overall volume of the heat exchange device.
[0037] The utility model further includes a heat exchange system, including a compressor 4, an oil separator 5, and a condenser and an evaporator made of any one of the above heat exchange devices. Since the compressor 4 and the oil separator 5 are known prior arts, their structures will not be described herein. The housing of the condenser is provided with the coolant inlet 101 and the coolant outlet 102 facilitating the entry and exit of cooling water; and the refrigerant inlet 103 and the refrigerant outlet 104 facilitating the entry and exit of refrigerant. The housing of the evaporator is provided with the coolant inlet 101 and the coolant outlet 102 facilitating the entry and exit of chilled water; and the refrigerant inlet 103 and the refrigerant outlet 104 facilitating the entry and exit of refrigerant.
[0038] The usage process of the refrigerant in the heat exchange system is as follows: The liquid refrigerant enters the second housing 12 of the housing 1 from the refrigerant inlet 103 of the evaporator, comes into contact with the low-temperature section of the heat pipe 3 to achieve primary heat exchange, and forms gaseous refrigerant after heat exchange. This gaseous refrigerant is output from the refrigerant outlet 104; after passing through the compressor 4 and the oil separator 5, the gaseous refrigerant is transported into the refrigerant inlet 103 in the condenser, comes into contact with the high-temperature section of the heat pipe 3 in the condenser to achieve secondary heat exchange, and then is output from the refrigerant outlet 104 of the condenser. The gaseous refrigerant liquefies to form liquid refrigerant during the output process, and this liquid refrigerant is circulated to the evaporator through a pipeline. The refrigerant is recycled in the heat exchange system, reducing the consumption of the refrigerant and improving the heat exchange quality.
[0039] Further, a throttle valve is provided on the pipeline between the refrigerant outlet 104 of the condenser and the refrigerant inlet 103 of the evaporator. By controlling the flow rate between the two through the throttle valve, the situation of damage to the condenser or evaporator caused by excessive flow rate can be effectively avoided, and the service life of the heat exchange device can be extended.
[0040] As Figure 4 shown, the working process of the present invention is as follows: In the evaporator, the user outputs chilled water at about 12°C to the first housing 11 of the evaporator, and it comes into contact with the high-temperature section of the heat pipe 3. The heat pipe 3 absorbs the heat of the chilled water and transfers the heat to its low-temperature section, and then transfers the heat to the liquid refrigerant in the second housing 12 through the heat dissipation fins 31. The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the low-temperature section of the heat pipe 3 and gradually cools the refrigerant medium inside the heat pipe, so as to cool the refrigerant medium in the high-temperature section of the heat pipe 3, further absorb the heat of the chilled water, realize the heat transfer of the chilled water, and cool the chilled water to about 7°C and then output it to the user point. Thus, a cycle of chilled water is formed in the heat exchange device and the heat exchange system.
[0041] While the liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the heat pipe 3, the compressor 4 pumps and pressurizes the refrigerant outlet 104, making a quasi-vacuum state formed at the refrigerant outlet 104, and boiling the liquid refrigerant at the refrigerant outlet 104 to form gaseous refrigerant; the gaseous refrigerant forms high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant through the compressor and the oil separator, and is output to the refrigerant inlet 103 in the condenser.
[0042] In the condenser, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant contacts the high-temperature section of the heat pipe 3 in the first housing 11. The heat pipe 3 absorbs the heat of the gaseous refrigerant and transfers the heat to its low-temperature section, and then transfers the heat to the cooling water in the second housing 12 through the heat dissipation fins 31. The cooling water absorbs the heat of the low-temperature section of the heat pipe and gradually cools the refrigerant medium in the heat pipe, so as to cool the refrigerant medium in the high-temperature section of the heat pipe 3, further absorb the heat of the gaseous refrigerant, realize the heat transfer of the gaseous refrigerant, form a medium-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the medium-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is output to the refrigerant inlet 103 of the evaporator through a pipeline, and releases heat and liquefies during the output process to form a liquid refrigerant flowing into the second housing 12 of the evaporator. Thus, a refrigerant cycle is formed in the heat exchange system.
[0043] Cooling water at about 32°C enters the second housing 12 of the condenser from the cooling tower or the environment through the coolant inlet 101, absorbs the high-temperature heat transferred by the heat pipe 3 and the heat dissipation fins 31 to the housing 12, realizes the heat transfer of the cooling water, raises the temperature of the cooling water to about 37°C, and then outputs it to the cooling tower or the environment through the coolant outlet 102. Thus, a cooling water cycle is formed in the heat exchange device and the heat exchange system.
[0044] There are still many implementation manners of the present utility model. All technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A heat exchange device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (1) having at least a cooling liquid inlet (101) and a cooling liquid outlet (102) and a refrigerant inlet (103) and a refrigerant outlet (104); a cavity (10) communicating with the cooling liquid inlet (101) and the cooling liquid outlet (102) is formed in the shell (1); a partition plate (2) penetrates the cavity (10) in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the shell (1); the partition plate (2) is penetrated by a heat pipe (3), and the heat pipe (3) is welded to the partition plate (2) and is coaxially arranged with the shell (1); the cooling liquid entering the shell (1) from the cooling liquid inlet (101) exchanges heat with the heat pipe (3) and is finally output from the cooling liquid outlet (102).
2. The heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of heat dissipation fins (31) are provided on the outer surface of the heat pipe (3), and the heat dissipation fins (31) are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the heat pipe (3).
3. The heat exchange device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the diameter of the heat dissipation fin (31) to the diameter of the heat pipe (3) is 1:
10.
4. The heat exchange device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat dissipation fins (31) are threaded fins or a group of equidistant and parallel sheet-like fins.
5. The heat exchange device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell (1) is formed by connecting a first shell (11) and a second shell (12) by bolts; and the bolts penetrate the partition plate (2) so that the partition plate (2) is fixedly connected to the shell (1); the cooling liquid inlet (101) and the cooling liquid outlet (102) are both arranged on the first shell (11) or the second shell (12), and the cooling liquid is stored in the front section or the rear section of the cavity (10) and contacts the end of the heat pipe (3).
6. The heat exchange device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The refrigerant inlet (103) and the refrigerant outlet (104) and the cooling liquid inlet (101) and the cooling liquid outlet (102) are respectively located at the two end surfaces of the partition plate (2); the refrigerant entering the shell (1) from the refrigerant inlet (103) exchanges heat with the refrigerant medium inside the heat pipe (3) and is finally output from the refrigerant outlet (104).
7. Heat exchange system, characterized in that: It comprises a compressor (4), an oil separator (5), and a condenser and an evaporator made of the heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 6; liquid refrigerant enters the shell (1) from the refrigerant inlet (103) of the evaporator, and the gaseous refrigerant formed after heat exchange in the heat pipe (3) is transported to the refrigerant inlet (103) in the condenser via the refrigerant outlet (104), the compressor (4) and the oil separator (5), and is output from the refrigerant outlet (104) of the condenser after secondary heat exchange and circulated into the evaporator.