Device for changing flow channel structure of silencer and improving silencing effect and silencing hole structure of device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of silencing devices, and discloses a device for changing the flow channel structure of a silencer and improving the silencing effect and a silencing hole structure of the device, the device comprises a silencing cylinder base, a silencing outer pipe is sleeved and fixed in the silencing cylinder base, an annular cavity is formed between the silencing cylinder base and the silencing outer pipe, and silencing cotton is filled in the annular cavity; a movable sleeve is arranged in the silencing outer pipe in a sleeved mode, the movable sleeve is connected with the inner wall of the silencing outer pipe in a sliding mode, a port of the movable sleeve is communicated with an external exhaust pipe, and compressed air in the exhaust pipe can push the movable sleeve. The end of the movable sleeve is further fixedly connected with a movable cover, the movable cover is connected with the annular cavity, and when the movable sleeve slides, the movable sleeve drives the movable cover to move to change the size of the annular cavity so as to adjust the density of the silencing cotton. The noise reduction effect is improved by arranging the multiple layers of noise reduction holes of special structures, the density of the noise reduction cotton can be adjusted according to the air source pressure, the difference of the noise reduction effect under different air source pressures is reduced, and the optimal noise reduction effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of silencing devices, in particular to a device for changing the flow channel structure of a silencer to improve the silencing effect and its silencing hole structure. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of the hydropower industry, machinery manufacturing, industrial and mining enterprises, etc., pressure vessels are required to store compressed gas. During the maintenance process of pressure vessels, pressure relief is needed. The pressure relief is accompanied by high-frequency noise, which affects occupational health, and problems such as oil mist and dust during the pressure relief process. According to this series of problems, noise reduction and dust collection can be achieved by connecting with a pressure relief silencer device. However, when the pressure vessel is depressurized, the pressure difference changes greatly. Most of the existing pressure relief silencer devices use single-layer silencing holes for noise reduction, and the noise reduction effect is not ideal. Moreover, the density of the silencing medium cannot be adjusted in real time according to the source pressure of the compressed gas, and the silencing effects vary greatly. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] In order to overcome the problems of unsatisfactory noise reduction effect and large difference in noise reduction effect during the pressure relief of pressure vessels in the above background art, the utility model provides a device for changing the flow channel structure of a silencer to improve the silencing effect and its silencing hole structure. By setting multi-layer silencing holes with special structures, the noise reduction effect is improved, and the density of the silencing cotton can be adjusted according to the source pressure, reducing the difference in silencing effects under different source pressures. At the same time, the cross-sectional area of the airflow in the device is adjusted according to the source pressure to achieve the best noise reduction effect.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A device for changing the flow channel structure of a silencer to improve the silencing effect includes a silencer barrel base. A silencer outer tube is fixedly sleeved inside the silencer barrel base. An annular cavity is formed between the silencer barrel base and the silencer outer tube, and the annular cavity is filled with silencing cotton. A movable sleeve is sleeved inside the silencer outer tube, and the movable sleeve is slidably connected to the inner wall of the silencer outer tube. Its port is communicated with an external exhaust pipe, and the compressed air in the exhaust pipe can push the movable sleeve. An activity cover is also fixedly connected to the end of the movable sleeve, and the activity cover is connected to the annular cavity. When the movable sleeve slides, it drives the activity cover to move to change the size of the annular cavity and adjust the density of the silencing cotton. A number of silencing holes are evenly arranged on the side walls of the silencer barrel base, the silencer outer tube, and the movable sleeve.

[0006] Preferably, the end of the silencer outer tube is bent inward to form a bending part, which constitutes a pressure control cavity. The end of the movable sleeve slides in the pressure control cavity, and the external exhaust pipe is communicated with the pressure control cavity.

[0007] Further preferably, an end cover is provided inside the end of the sound-absorbing outer tube. The circumferential direction of the end cover is fixedly connected to the side wall of the bent portion. An air flow channel is provided inside the end cover. The air inlet of the air flow channel communicates with the external exhaust pipe, and the air outlet communicates with the movable sleeve and the pressure control cavity.

[0008] Further preferably, the air outlet of the central channel of the air flow channel communicates with the movable sleeve, and the air outlet of its branch channel passes through the bent portion and communicates with the pressure control cavity; the air inlet of the air flow channel communicates with the external exhaust pipe through an air source joint. The air source joint passes through the movable cover, and there is a gap between the circumferential direction and the movable cover.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of connecting rods are fixed between the movable cover and the movable sleeve. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the movable cover, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the movable sleeve. The connecting rods are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the port of the movable sleeve.

[0010] Further preferably, the circumferential direction of the movable cover is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sound-absorbing cylinder base. An annular plate is provided at the end of the annular cavity. The inner and outer ring sides of the annular plate are respectively slidably connected to the sound-absorbing outer tube and the sound-absorbing cylinder base. A plurality of springs are evenly fixed between the movable cover and the annular plate.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the sound-absorbing outer tube is fixed on the mounting plate. The circumferential direction of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sound-absorbing cylinder base. The space between the bottom surface of the mounting plate and the sound-absorbing cylinder base is filled with sound-absorbing cotton; the bottom surface of the sound-absorbing cylinder base and the plate surface of the mounting plate are also evenly provided with a plurality of sound-absorbing holes.

[0012] Further preferably, the distance range between the inner walls of the sound-absorbing outer tube and the sound-absorbing cylinder base and between the mounting plate and the bottom surface of the sound-absorbing cylinder base is 14-16 cm.

[0013] The present invention also provides a sound-absorbing hole structure of a sound-absorbing device that changes the flow channel structure of the muffler to improve the sound-absorbing effect on the basis of the above technical solution. The inner diameter of the sound-absorbing hole is smaller than the outer diameter.

[0014] Preferably, the sound-absorbing hole is of a conical or wedge-shaped structure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] (1) Since the compressed air in the exhaust pipe can push the movable sleeve to move, and the movable sleeve is fixedly connected to the movable cover, the movable cover can control the movement of the annular plate through the spring to change the volume of the annular cavity and adjust the density of the sound-absorbing cotton. Therefore, this sound-absorbing device can automatically adjust the density of the sound-absorbing cotton through the air source pressure. When the air source pressure increases, the density of the sound-absorbing cotton is increased, and the resistance coefficient of the sound-absorbing cotton is changed to achieve a better sound-absorbing effect, and automatic control is realized to ensure the same sound-absorbing effect under different pressure differences, solving the problem in the background technology that the sound-absorbing degree cannot be automatically controlled according to the pressure difference change and the sound-absorbing effect varies greatly;

[0017] (2) Since the inward movement of the movable sleeve will change the contact position with the outer sound-absorbing tube, thereby changing the cross-sectional area and shape of the flow passage of the compressed air passing through the inner ring of the outer sound-absorbing tube, and cooperating with the change in the density of the sound-absorbing cotton, the optimal noise reduction effect is achieved, and the sound-absorbing cotton can also absorb oil mist and dust;

[0018] (3) In addition, a number of sound-absorbing holes are evenly arranged on the side walls of the sound-absorbing cylinder base, the outer sound-absorbing tube and the movable sleeve. Therefore, the compressed air entering the inner cavity of the movable sleeve can pass through multiple layers of sound-absorbing holes for multiple pressure relief and noise reduction, and the space between the sound-absorbing cylinder base and the outer sound-absorbing tube is filled with sound-absorbing cotton. The combined use of multiple layers of sound-absorbing holes and sound-absorbing cotton greatly improves the noise reduction effect;

[0019] (4) The sound-absorbing holes are of a conical or wedge-shaped structure with an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter. This design enables the compressed air to gradually increase the flow area when passing through the sound-absorbing holes, realizing jet energy dissipation and achieving a better noise reduction effect in the sound-absorbing holes.

[0020] (5) In the actual use process, this sound-absorbing device operates well. Under the same conditions, the noise can be reduced by about 10 decibels on the basis of the original muffler effect, and it can also be used in liquid decompression and noise reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present utility model will be described with reference to the drawings, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic internal structure diagram of the whole of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic structure diagram of the port of the sound-absorbing cylinder base of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic structure diagram of the air flow channel of the present utility model.

[0025] Reference numerals: silencer base 1, annular cavity 11, sound-absorbing cotton 12, annular plate 13, spring 14, mounting plate 15, outer silencer tube 2, bent portion 21, pressure control cavity 22, movable sleeve 3, movable cover 31, end cover 32, air flow channel 33, central channel 331, branch channel 332, air source connector 34, connecting rod 35, sound-absorbing hole 4. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0027] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a device for changing the flow channel structure of a silencer to improve the silencing effect includes a silencer base 1. The silencer base 1 is of a cylindrical structure, and the entire silencing device is orderly installed in the silencer base 1. The silencer base 1 is sleeved and fixed around the outer silencer tube 2. There is a certain distance between the inner wall of the silencer base 1 and the outer wall of the outer silencer tube 2, and an annular cavity 11 is formed between them. The annular cavity 11 is filled with sound-absorbing cotton 12. The sound-absorbing cotton 12 is made of polyester sound-absorbing cotton, which can absorb and weaken the noise generated by the air flow. The outer silencer tube 2 is sleeved on the movable sleeve 3. The movable sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer silencer tube 2, and they are closely matched. The port of the movable sleeve 3 communicates with the external exhaust pipe. When the pressure of the pressure vessel is released, the compressed air in the pressure vessel enters the inner cavity from the port of the movable sleeve 3 through the exhaust pipe, and the compressed air can push the movable sleeve 3 to move into the silencer base 1. An end of the movable sleeve 3 is also fixedly connected with a movable cover 31. The movable cover 31 is perpendicular to the inner wall of the silencer base 1 and is slidably connected thereto. The inner side of the movable cover 31 is connected to the annular cavity 11. When the movable sleeve 3 slides, it drives the movable cover 31 to move, changing the volume of the annular cavity 11, thereby adjusting the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12. A plurality of sound-absorbing holes 4 are uniformly arranged on the side walls of the silencer base 1, the outer silencer tube 2 and the movable sleeve 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, since the compressed air in the exhaust pipe can push the movable sleeve 3 to move, and the movable sleeve 3 is fixedly connected to the movable cover 31, when the movable cover 31 moves, it can change the size of the annular cavity 11 so as to adjust the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12. Therefore, when the pressure is high during the pressure relief process of the pressure vessel, the movable sleeve 3 will slide inward along the length direction of the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1 under the high-pressure action of the compressed air, and at the same time drive the movable cover 31 to move inward. When the movable cover 31 moves inward, it will compress the volume of the annular cavity 11, thereby compressing the sound-absorbing cotton 12, increasing the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12, and strengthening the sound-absorbing effect on the compressed gas. Thus, this sound-absorbing device can automatically adjust the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12 through the air source pressure. When the air source pressure increases, the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12 is increased, and the resistance coefficient of the sound-absorbing cotton 12 is changed to achieve a better sound-absorbing effect. At the same time, since the movable sleeve 3 moves inward, it will change the contact position with the outer sound-absorbing pipe 2, thereby changing the cross-sectional area and shape of the flow passage through the inner ring of the outer sound-absorbing pipe 2 for the compressed air, and cooperating with the change in the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12 to achieve the optimal noise reduction effect. The sound-absorbing cotton 12 can also absorb oil mist and dust. In addition, a number of sound-absorbing holes 4 are uniformly arranged on the side walls of the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1, the outer sound-absorbing pipe 2, and the movable sleeve 3. Therefore, the compressed air entering the inner cavity of the movable sleeve 3 can pass through the multi-layer sound-absorbing holes 4 for multiple pressure relief and noise reduction. And the space between the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1 and the outer sound-absorbing pipe 2 is filled with the sound-absorbing cotton 12. The multi-layer sound-absorbing holes 4 and the sound-absorbing cotton 12 are used in combination to greatly improve the noise reduction effect. In the actual use process, this sound-absorbing device operates well. Under the same conditions, the noise can be reduced by about 10 decibels on the basis of the original muffler effect, and it can also be used in liquid pressure reduction and noise reduction.

[0029] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, an optimal design is carried out for the density adjustment method of the sound-absorbing cotton 12. The end of the outer sound-absorbing pipe 2 is bent inward to form a bent portion 21. The bent portion 21 and the inner wall of the end of the outer sound-absorbing pipe 2 together enclose a pressure control cavity 22. The end of the movable sleeve 3 extends into the pressure control cavity 22. The pressure control cavity 22 then forms a closed annular cavity 11 structure. The end of the movable sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the pressure control cavity 22 and can slide in the pressure control cavity 22. The external exhaust pipe communicates with the pressure control cavity 22. Thus, by setting the pressure control cavity 22 and the external exhaust pipe communicating with the pressure control cavity 22, when the compressed air in the exhaust pipe is introduced into the pressure control cavity 22, the pressure in the pressure control cavity 22 will increase. When the pressure in the pressure control cavity 22 is too high, it will push the movable sleeve 3 to move backward, increasing the volume in the pressure control cavity 22 until the force balance is reached.

[0030] Further, an end cover 32 is provided inside the end of the soundproof outer tube 2. The end cover 32 is of a disc structure, and its circumference is fixedly connected to the side wall of the bent portion 21. An air flow channel 33 is provided inside the end cover 32. The air inlet of the air flow channel 33 communicates with the external exhaust pipe, and the air outlet communicates with the movable sleeve 3 and the pressure control chamber 22. Specifically, a central channel 331 of the air flow channel 33 is opened at the central position of the end cover 32. The air outlet of the central channel 331 communicates with the movable sleeve 3. A plurality of branch channels 332 of the air flow channel 33 are evenly opened in the circumferential direction of the central channel 331. The branch channels 332 are arranged along the radial direction of the end cover 32 and communicate with the central channel 331. Their air outlets pass through the bent portion 21 and communicate with the pressure control chamber 22. The compressed gas in the exhaust pipe enters the air flow channel 33 from the air inlet. Most of the compressed gas directly enters the movable sleeve 3 through the air outlet of the central channel 331 and overflows outward from the soundproof holes 4 of the movable sleeve 3 to complete multiple soundproofing. A small part of the compressed gas enters the pressure control chamber 22 through the air outlet of the branch channel 332 to realize the density adjustment of the soundproof cotton 12 and change the cross-sectional area and shape of the flow channel. A plurality of branch channels 332 can be provided according to actual situations. In this embodiment, 4 branch channels 332 are provided, which can quickly introduce sufficient compressed gas, react to the size of the air source pressure in real time, increase the density of the soundproof cotton 12, and improve the noise reduction effect. Thus, multiple functions can be realized through the diversion of the compressed gas.

[0031] Furthermore, the air inlet of the air flow channel 33 communicates with the external exhaust pipe through an air source connector 34. The air inlet is located at the central position on the other side of the end cover 32, that is, the air inlet port of the air source connector 34 is connected to the outlet pipe of the external exhaust pipe, and the air outlet port of the air source connector 34 is connected to the air inlet of the air flow channel 33. The air source connector 34 passes through the movable cover 31, and there is a gap between its circumference and the movable cover 31 to avoid affecting the movement of the movable cover 31. Thus, the compressed gas in the external exhaust pipe enters the air flow channel 33 through the air source connector 34.

[0032] Embodiment 3: On the basis of Embodiment 1, an optimal design is made for the connection mode between the movable cover 31, the movable sleeve 3 and the annular cavity 11. A plurality of connecting rods 35 are fixed between the movable cover 31 and the movable sleeve 3. One end of the connecting rod 35 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the movable cover 31, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the movable sleeve 3. In this embodiment, 3 connecting rods 35 are provided, which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the port of the movable sleeve 3. By providing the connecting rods 35, it is convenient for the movable sleeve 3 to drive the connecting rods 35 to move, thereby controlling the volume of the annular cavity 11.

[0033] Furthermore, the movable cover 31 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the silencer cylinder base 1 in the circumferential direction. An annular plate 13 is provided at the end of the annular cavity 11, that is, an annular plate 13 is provided between the silencer cylinder base 1 and the outer silencer tube 2. The annular plate 13 can slide back and forth between the two. The annular plate 13 is sleeved on the outer silencer tube 2, and its inner and outer ring walls are respectively slidably connected to the outer silencer tube 2 and the silencer cylinder base 1. The annular plate 13 can be used to partition the space to change the volume of the annular cavity 11 and can squeeze the sound-absorbing cotton 12. A number of springs 14 are evenly fixed between the movable cover 31 and the annular plate 13. One end of the spring 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable cover 31, and the other end is fixedly connected to the annular plate 13. In this embodiment, 4 groups of springs 14 are provided and are evenly arranged along the circumferential surface of the annular plate 13. By setting the springs 14 to connect the annular plate 13 and the movable cover 31, when the pressure in the annular cavity 11 increases and pushes the movable sleeve 3 to move backward, the movable sleeve 3 will drive the movable cover 31 to move into the silencer cylinder base 1 through the connecting rod 35. The connecting rod 35 applies pressure to the springs 14 to compress the springs 14. The elastic force of the springs 14 acts on the annular plate 13 to push the annular plate 13 to move inward so as to squeeze the sound-absorbing cotton 12 and increase the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12. The greater the pressure of the compressed gas, the greater the pressure borne by the annular cavity 11, the farther the movable sleeve 3 is pushed, and at the same time, the greater the squeezing force of the annular plate 13 on the sound-absorbing cotton 12, the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12 increases, the resistance coefficient of the sound-absorbing cotton 12 is changed, and a better sound-absorbing effect on the compressed gas can be achieved. On the contrary, when the pressure of the air source decreases, the pressure in the annular cavity 11 will decrease, and the expansion force of the sound-absorbing cotton 12 will push the annular plate 13 to push the movable cover 31 outward through the springs 14. Thus, the movable sleeve 3 moves outward, the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12 decreases, and the sound-absorbing effect on the gas after the pressure reduction is maintained. The sound-absorbing device can change the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12 according to the pressure of the air source, realize automatic control, and ensure the same sound-absorbing effect under different pressure differences. Moreover, by setting the springs 14, the pressure of the annular plate 13 on the sound-absorbing cotton 12 can be made more stable and uniform.

[0034] Embodiment 4: On the basis of Embodiment 1, an optimized design is carried out on the fixing method of the sound-absorbing outer tube 2. The bottom of the sound-absorbing outer tube 2 is fixed on the mounting plate 15. The circumference of the mounting plate 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1, and there is a spacing distance of 15 cm between the bottom surface of the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1. The space between the mounting plate 15 and the bottom surface of the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1 is filled with sound-absorbing cotton 12. A number of sound-absorbing holes 4 are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1 and the plate surface of the mounting plate 15. By filling the space between the bottom of the sound-absorbing outer tube 2 and the bottom surface of the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1 with sound-absorbing cotton 12, and a number of sound-absorbing holes 4 are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1 and the mounting plate 15, the gas flowing out from the bottom of the sound-absorbing outer tube 2 can be sound-absorbed, further improving the noise reduction effect and ensuring the comprehensiveness of the noise reduction range. Further, the spacing distance between the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1 and the sound-absorbing outer tube 2 ranges from 14 - 16 cm, and in this embodiment, it is 15 cm. By setting this kind of spacing distance, the gas passing through the sound-absorbing cotton 12 can undergo sufficient length in the sound-absorbing cotton 12 for sufficient sound absorption, improving the noise reduction effect.

[0035] Embodiment 5: On the basis of the sound-absorbing device in the above embodiment that changes the flow channel structure of the muffler to improve the sound-absorbing effect, a new structure of the sound-absorbing hole 4 is provided. The sound-absorbing hole 4 is a conical or wedge-shaped structure, and its inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter, that is, for the sound-absorbing hole 4 opened on the component, the aperture on the inner wall is smaller than the aperture on the outer diameter. This kind of design enables the compressed air to gradually increase the flow area when passing through the sound-absorbing hole 4, realizing jet energy dissipation and achieving a better noise reduction effect in the sound-absorbing hole 4.

[0036] When this sound-absorbing device is in use, first connect the exhaust pipe of the pressure vessel to the air source pipe of the device, and open the exhaust valve of the pressure vessel. Most of the compressed gas enters the movable sleeve 3 through the central channel 331, and a small amount of gas enters the pressure control chamber 22 through the branch channel 332. The compressed air entering the movable sleeve 3 passes through the sound-absorbing holes 4 on the movable sleeve 3 and the sound-absorbing outer tube 2, and completes primary decompression and noise reduction by means of jet energy dissipation. The gas passing through primary noise reduction enters the annular cavity 11 and the sound-absorbing cotton 12 on the bottom surface of the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1 to complete secondary decompression and noise reduction. The compressed gas after secondary noise reduction finally discharges through the sound-absorbing holes 4 on the sound-absorbing cylinder base 1, realizing tertiary noise reduction. Through multiple noise reductions, the noise reduction effect is improved; and the compressed air entering the pressure control chamber 22 pushes the movable sleeve 3 to move, changing the cross-sectional area and shape of the flow channel in the movable sleeve 3 and the muffler to achieve the best primary noise reduction effect; and the movable sleeve 3 drives the movable cover 31 to move through the connecting rod 35, and the movable cover 31 changes the density of the sound-absorbing cotton 12 in the annular cavity 11 through the spring 14, realizing automatic control of the sound-absorbing effect.

[0037] The above embodiments merely represent the specific implementation manners of the present application. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the technical solution of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for changing the flow channel structure of a muffler to improve the muffler effect, characterized in that: The invention comprises a silencer base (1), a silencer outer tube (2) is fixedly sleeved inside the silencer base (1), an annular cavity (11) is formed between the silencer base (1) and the silencer outer tube (2), and the annular cavity (11) is filled with silencer cotton (12); a movable sleeve (3) is sleeved inside the silencer outer tube (2), the movable sleeve (3) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the silencer outer tube (2), and its port is communicated with an external exhaust pipe, and compressed air in the exhaust pipe can push the movable sleeve (3); a movable cover (31) is also fixedly connected to the end of the movable sleeve (3), the movable cover (31) is connected to the annular cavity (11), and when the movable sleeve (3) slides, it drives the movable cover (31) to move, change the size of the annular cavity (11), and adjust the density of the silencer cotton (12); a plurality of silencer holes (4) are evenly arranged on the side walls of the silencer base (1), the silencer outer tube (2) and the movable sleeve (3).

2. The device for changing the muffler flow channel structure to improve the muffler effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the silencer outer tube (2) is bent inward to form a bent portion (21) and a pressure control chamber (22) is formed. The end of the movable sleeve (3) slides in the pressure control chamber (22), and the external exhaust pipe is connected to the pressure control chamber (22).

3. A device for changing the flow channel structure of a muffler to improve the muffler effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: An end cover (32) is provided on the inner side of the end of the silencer outer tube (2), and the end cover (32) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the bent portion (21) in the circumferential direction. An air flow channel (33) is provided in the end cover (32), and the air inlet of the air flow channel (33) is communicated with the external exhaust pipe, and the air outlet is communicated with the movable sleeve (3) and the pressure control chamber (22).

4. The device for changing the flow channel structure of a muffler to improve the muffler effect according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air outlet of the central channel (331) of the air flow channel (33) is in communication with the movable sleeve (3), and the air outlet of the branch channel (332) thereof passes through the bent portion (21) and is in communication with the pressure control chamber (22); the air inlet of the air flow channel (33) is in communication with an external exhaust pipe through an air source connector (34), and the air source connector (34) passes through the movable cover (31), with a gap being left between the air source connector (34) and the movable cover (31) in the circumferential direction.

5. The device for changing the flow channel structure of a muffler to improve the muffler effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting rods (35) are fixed between the movable cover (31) and the movable sleeve (3); one end of the connecting rod (35) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable cover (31), and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the movable sleeve (3); the connecting rods (35) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the port of the movable sleeve (3).

6. A device for changing the flow channel structure of a muffler to improve the muffler effect according to claim 1 or claim 5, characterized in that: The movable cover (31) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the silencer base (1) in the circumferential direction; an annular plate (13) is provided at the end of the annular cavity (11); the inner and outer annular sides of the annular plate (13) are slidably connected to the silencer outer tube (2) and the silencer base (1) respectively; and a plurality of springs (14) are evenly fixed between the movable cover (31) and the annular plate (13).

7. The device for changing the flow channel structure of a muffler to improve the muffler effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the silencer outer tube (2) is fixed on a mounting plate (15), the circumference of the mounting plate (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the silencer base (1), and the space between the mounting plate (15) and the bottom surface of the silencer base (1) is filled with silencer cotton (12); the bottom surface of the silencer base (1) and the plate surface of the mounting plate (15) are also evenly arranged with a plurality of silencer holes (4).

8. The device for changing the flow channel structure of a muffler to improve the muffler effect according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spacing distance between the silencer outer tube (2) and the inner wall of the silencer base (1) and between the mounting plate (15) and the bottom surface of the silencer base (1) is in the range of 14-16 cm.

9. A silencer hole structure of a silencer device for improving silencer effect by changing the silencer flow channel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the muffler hole (4) is smaller than the outer diameter.

10. The muffler hole structure of the muffler device for improving the muffler effect by changing the muffler flow channel structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The muffler hole (4) is a conical or wedge-shaped structure.

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