Damping explosion-proof battery end structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vibration-damping explosion-proof type battery end part structure, which comprises a shell, a battery cell, a current collecting piece, a bottom cover and the like, and is mainly characterized in that the current collecting piece is an elastic current collecting piece, and an explosion-proof structure and an explosion-proof piece covering the explosion-proof structure are arranged on the elastic current collecting piece or the bottom cover; therefore, the elastic current collecting sheet can be welded and fixed with the end part of the battery cell, and the elastic sheet on the elastic current collecting sheet is welded and fixed with the bottom cover, so that the elastic current collecting sheet cannot fall off from the welding of the end part of the battery cell under a vibration condition, and good contact can be formed between the elastic sheet and the bottom cover; the structural reliability of the battery is ensured; the service life is prolonged; meanwhile, when gas in the battery expands due to accidental impact or high heat and the like of the battery in actual use, the expansion gas can be released in time through the explosion-proof structure and the explosion-proof sheet, so that the effect of preventing the battery from exploding is achieved, and the improved battery end part structure has the advantages of reliable vibration reduction and explosion-proof effects and high safety. And the use is safer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a battery end structure, in particular to a vibration damping and explosion-proof battery end structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, the battery end structures such as lithium batteries or sodium batteries mainly consist of a housing, battery cells inside the housing, current collectors welded and fixed to the ends of the battery cells, and a bottom cover covering the current collectors. With the continuous development of electric vehicles, many batteries are used as driving energy sources in electric vehicles. However, during the driving of electric vehicles, there are many vibrations, and these vibrations will directly act on the batteries. In particular, for the welding and fixing between the current collector and the end of the battery cell, specifically the welding and fixing between the current collector and the flattened tab with soft material at the end of the battery cell, it is very easy to be affected by vibrations and cause welding detachment, thus greatly affecting the structural reliability of the battery and reducing its service life. At the same time, in actual use, when the battery is accidentally impacted or exposed to high heat and other situations, resulting in the expansion of the gas inside the battery, the expanded gas will cause the explosion of the battery due to the inability to be vented in time, which will bring great potential safety hazards to the normal use of the battery. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a vibration damping and explosion-proof battery end structure with reliable vibration damping and explosion-proof effects and safe use.

[0004] The technical problem of the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A vibration damping and explosion-proof battery end structure, including a housing, battery cells inside the housing, current collectors at the ends of the battery cells, and a bottom cover covering the current collectors. The current collector is an elastic current collector, and an explosion-proof structure is provided on the elastic current collector or the bottom cover, and an explosion-proof sheet covering the explosion-proof structure.

[0006] The elastic current collector is provided with semi-surrounding slot holes, and a spring piece is enclosed on the elastic current collector by the semi-surrounding slot holes, or the elastic current collector is provided with at least two open slots, and a hollow spring piece is formed between two adjacent open slots.

[0007] The elastic current collector is composed of a base sheet and a hollow sheet concentrically welded and fixed to the base sheet. The hollow sheet is provided with a plurality of concentric arc-shaped slot holes with different outer diameters, and a plurality of semi-circular spring pieces are formed on the elastic current collector by the plurality of arc-shaped slot holes.

[0008] The elastic current collector is provided with a plurality of "<"-shaped slot holes, and the plurality of "<"-shaped slot holes are circumferentially evenly distributed with the center of the elastic current collector as the center of the circle, and a hollow spring piece is formed on the elastic current collector by the plurality of "<"-shaped slot holes.

[0009] The described elastic current collector has a number of waist-shaped holes that are concentric and evenly distributed in a circumferential manner, and a circular elastic sheet is formed by enclosing the middle part of the elastic current collector through these waist-shaped holes. The elastic sheet is integrally and elastically connected to the elastic current collector through bending sheets between every two adjacent waist-shaped holes.

[0010] The described explosion-proof structure is that a current collector column welded and fixed is provided at the end of the battery cell. The current collector column sequentially passes through the elastic current collector and the bottom cover, and an axially penetrating explosion-proof hole is provided in the current collector column.

[0011] The explosion-proof sheet is welded and fixed on the outer end face of the current collector column to form an outer seal for the explosion-proof hole, or the explosion-proof sheet is welded and fixed on the inner end face of the current collector column to form an inner seal for the explosion-proof hole.

[0012] An outer counterbore for the outer-sealed explosion-proof sheet to fit snugly is provided on the outer end face of the current collector column, and an inner counterbore for the inner-sealed explosion-proof sheet to fit snugly is provided on the inner end face of the current collector column.

[0013] The described explosion-proof structure is that an explosion-proof ring groove is provided on the outer end face of the bottom cover, and the explosion-proof sheet is welded and fixed on the outer end face of the bottom cover to cover the explosion-proof ring groove.

[0014] The bottom cover and the outer shell are welded and fixed circumferentially or the bottom cover is integrally closed at the end of the outer shell.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model mainly sets the current collector as an elastic current collector, and an explosion-proof structure is also provided on the elastic current collector or the bottom cover covering the current collector, as well as an explosion-proof sheet covering the explosion-proof structure. In this way, by welding and fixing the elastic current collector to the end of the battery cell, and by welding and fixing the elastic sheet on the elastic current collector to the bottom cover, it can not only ensure that the welding between the elastic current collector and the end of the battery cell will not fall off under vibration conditions, but also form good contact between the elastic sheet and the bottom cover, thus ensuring the structural reliability of the battery and extending its service life. At the same time, in actual use, when the battery expands due to accidental impact or high heat, etc., the expansion gas can also be vented in time through the explosion-proof structure and in cooperation with the explosion-proof sheet, thereby playing a role in preventing the battery from exploding. Therefore, the improved battery end structure has the advantages of reliable vibration reduction and explosion-proof effects, and safer use. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the present utility model adopting the first explosion-proof structure.

[0017] Figure 2 For Figure 1 the three-dimensional exploded view.

[0018] Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of the second explosion-proof structure adopted by the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the third explosion-proof structure adopted by the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural view of a hollowed-out sheet.

[0021] Figure 6 This is Figure 5 a three-dimensional view of.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural view of an elastic current collector sheet with a "Y"-shaped hollowed-out elastic sheet.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural view of an elastic current collector sheet with a circular elastic sheet in the middle.

[0024] Figure 9 This is Figure 8 an A-A cross-sectional view of.

[0025] Figure 10 This is Figure 8 a three-dimensional view of.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural view of a current collector column provided with an external counterbore.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural view of a current collector column provided with an internal counterbore.

[0028] Figure 13 This is the first schematic structural view of an elastic current collector sheet provided with a semi-surrounding slot hole.

[0029] Figure 14 This is Figure 13 a three-dimensional view of.

[0030] Figure 15 This is the second schematic structural view of an elastic current collector sheet provided with a semi-surrounding slot hole.

[0031] Figure 16 This is Figure 15 a three-dimensional view of.

[0032] Figure 17 This is a schematic structural view of an elastic current collector sheet provided with an open slot.

[0033] Figure 18 This is Figure 17 a three-dimensional view of.

[0034] Figure 19 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery end structure applying Figure 15 the elastic current collector sheet shown.

[0035] Figure 20 is Figure 19 the three-dimensional exploded view of

[0036] Figure 21 the third schematic structural view of the elastic current collector plate provided with semi-surrounding slot holes.

[0037] Figure 22 is Figure 21 the three-dimensional view of

[0038] Figure 23 the fourth schematic structural view of the elastic current collector plate provided with semi-surrounding slot holes.

[0039] Figure 24 is Figure 23 the three-dimensional view of

[0040] Figure 25 the schematic structural view of the L-shaped elastic current collector plate.

[0041] Figure 26 is Figure 25 the three-dimensional view of Specific embodiments

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the above-mentioned drawings.

[0043] As Figures 1 - 26 shown, 1. outer shell, 2. battery cell, 3. elastic current collector plate, 30. middle hole, 31. substrate, 32. hollowed-out plate, 321. arc-shaped slot hole, 33. elastic piece, 34. slot hole, 35. explosion-proof slot, 36. inclined piece, 37. waist-shaped hole, 38. bent piece, 39. surrounding edge, 301. semi-surrounding slot hole, 302. opening slot, 303 positioning notch, 304. positioning plane, 4. bottom cover, 41. explosion-proof ring groove, 5. current collector post, 51. explosion-proof hole, 52. outer counterbore, 53. inner counterbore, 6. explosion-proof piece.

[0044] A vibration-damping and explosion-proof battery end structure, as Figures 1 - 4 shown, mainly relates to a battery structure such as a lithium battery or a sodium battery with vibration-damping and explosion-proof functions. It is composed of an outer shell 1, a battery cell 2 inside the outer shell, a current collector plate at the end of the battery cell, and a bottom cover 4 covering the current collector plate, etc. In this embodiment, the end structure of a cylindrical battery is taken as an example for detailed description, and this structure is also applicable to the end structures of square or other shaped batteries.

[0045] The current collector plate is an elastic current collector plate 3, and an explosion-proof structure is provided on the elastic current collector plate or the bottom cover 4, and an explosion-proof piece 6 covering the explosion-proof structure.

[0046] Among them, five structural forms are mainly selected for the elastic current collector 3 in this embodiment. The first structural form is that a semi-enclosed slot hole 301 is provided on the elastic current collector 3, and a spring piece 33 is enclosed on the elastic current collector 3 by the semi-enclosed slot hole. In this embodiment, the semi-enclosed slot hole is in the U shape as shown in Figure 13 , Figure 14 . Or it is selected to extend arc-shaped outwardly at the two legs of the U shape respectively to form the shape as shown in Figure 15 , Figure 16 . It can also be selected in the C shape, or even any other shape that can form a semi-enclosure can be selected. In addition to the shape and style of the semi-enclosed slot hole 301 being unrestricted, the number thereof is also unrestricted, as long as the spring piece 33 can be enclosed on the elastic current collector 3 by the semi-enclosed slot hole 301. As shown in Figures 21 - 24 , or even as shown in Figure 25 , Figure 26 , the elastic current collector 3 can be directly designed in the L shape, and one end of the L-shaped elastic current collector is taken as the spring piece 33.

[0047] The second structural form is as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 . It is mainly applicable to high current. It is composed of a circular substrate 31 and a hollowed-out piece 32 concentrically welded and fixed on the substrate. A plurality of arc-shaped slot holes 321 with the same center and different outer diameters are provided on the hollowed-out piece, and a plurality of semi-circular spring pieces 33 are formed on the elastic current collector 3 by the plurality of arc-shaped slot holes.

[0048] The third structural form is as shown in Figure 3 , Figure 7 . It is mainly applicable to low current. A plurality of "<"-shaped slot holes 34 are directly provided on the elastic current collector 3. For example, three "<"-shaped slot holes 34 are designed in this embodiment. The "<" shape of each slot hole faces outward, and the three "<"-shaped slot holes 34 are circumferentially evenly distributed with the center of the elastic current collector as the center of the circle. Then, a "Y"-shaped hollow spring piece 33 can be formed on the elastic current collector 3 by the three "<"-shaped slot holes.

[0049] At the same time, the three "Y"-shaped legs of the spring piece 33 can also be integrally connected to the elastic current collector 3 through the inclined piece 36, so that the "Y"-shaped hollow spring piece 33 can be lifted relative to the elastic current collector 3, and the spring piece 33 has more reliable elastic performance. Concave-convex structures can also be designed on the three "Y"-shaped legs to further improve the elastic performance of the spring piece 33.

[0050] Moreover, if the designed quantity of the "<"-shaped slots 34 is different, the hollowed-out shape of the elastic sheet 33 will also be different. For example, if four "<"-shaped slots 34 are evenly distributed in a circle with the center of the elastic current collector as the center of the circle, a "cross"-shaped hollowed-out elastic sheet 33 will be formed on the elastic current collector 3 due to these four "<"-shaped slots.

[0051] The fourth structural form is as Figures 8 - 10 shown. It is provided with a number of concentric and circumferentially evenly distributed waist-shaped holes 37 on the elastic current collector 3. In this embodiment, three waist-shaped holes are selected, and a circular elastic sheet 33 is formed by enclosing the middle part of the elastic current collector 3 by these three waist-shaped holes 37. The elastic sheet is integrally connected to the elastic current collector 3 through the bending pieces 38 between every two adjacent waist-shaped holes 37, so that the circular elastic sheet 3 in the middle can be lifted relative to the elastic current collector 3, and the elastic sheet 33 has more reliable elastic performance. Moreover, a circumferentially bent edge 39 is provided on the periphery of the elastic current collector 3, and the edge can also play a certain elastic support role after the elastic current collector 3 is installed.

[0052] The fifth structural form is as Figure 17 、 Figure 18 shown. It is provided with at least two opening slots 302 on the elastic current collector 3, and a hollowed-out elastic sheet 33 is formed between two adjacent opening slots 302. In this embodiment, two parallel opening slots 302 are provided on the elastic current collector 3, so a hollowed-out elastic sheet 33 is exactly formed between the two opening slots 302, and the shape and style of the opening slots 302 are not limited.

[0053] Of course, a positioning structure can also be designed on the elastic current collector 3 to facilitate positioning and installation. As Figure 15 、 Figure 16 shown, a positioning notch 303 can be provided on the outer circumference of the elastic current collector 3. Figure 17 、 Figure 18 shown, symmetrically arranged positioning planes 304 can be provided on the outer circumference of the elastic current collector 3, etc. And the battery end structure of the elastic current collector 3 shown in Figure 15 can be as Figure 19 、 Figure 20 shown.

[0054] In this embodiment, three structural forms are mainly selected for the explosion-proof structure. The first structural form is as Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, a current collector post 5 is provided at the end of the battery cell 2 by welding and fixing. The current collector post sequentially passes through the elastic current collector sheet 3 and the bottom cover 4. At this time, a middle hole 30 for the current collector post 5 to pass through needs to be provided in the middle of the elastic current collector sheet 3. An axially penetrating explosion-proof hole 51 is also provided in the current collector post 5. Then, an explosion-proof sheet 6 is welded and fixed on the outer end face of the current collector post 5, so as to form an outer enclosure for the explosion-proof hole 51. Therefore, an outer counterbore 52 as shown in Figure 11 is provided on the outer end face of the current collector post 5 for the explosion-proof sheet 6 for the outer enclosure to fit snugly.

[0055] The second structural form is as shown in Figure 3 . The current collector post 5 and the explosion-proof hole 51 with the same structural design are also applied. However, the explosion-proof sheet 6 is welded and fixed on the inner end face of the current collector post 5, so as to form an inner enclosure for the explosion-proof hole 51. Therefore, an inner counterbore 53 as shown in Figure 12 is provided on the inner end face of the current collector post 5 for the explosion-proof sheet 6 for the inner enclosure to fit snugly.

[0056] If the explosion-proof hole 51 in the current collector post 5 is selected as a non-penetrating counterbore as shown in Figure 15 , that is, similar to a groove structure, and the groove is closed by the explosion-proof sheet 6, the explosion-proof function can also be achieved.

[0057] The third structural form is as shown in Figure 4 . An explosion-proof ring groove 41 is provided on the outer end face of the bottom cover 4, and the explosion-proof sheet 6 is directly welded and fixed on the outer end face of the bottom cover 4 to cover the explosion-proof ring groove 41. Or an explosion-proof groove 35 can also be provided in the middle of the Y-shaped hollow elastic sheet 33, which can also play an explosion-proof role.

[0058] In addition, the bottom cover 4 in this embodiment is an independent component. At this time, the bottom cover needs to be welded and fixed circumferentially with the outer shell 1, or the bottom cover 4 can also be integrally closed directly through the end of the outer shell 1.

[0059] In the present utility model, the elastic current collector sheet 3 is welded and fixed to the end of the battery cell 2, and the elastic sheet 33 on the elastic current collector sheet 3 is welded and fixed to the bottom cover 4. Therefore, it can not only ensure that the welding between the elastic current collector sheet 3 and the end of the battery cell 2 will not fall off under vibration conditions, but also form good contact between the elastic sheet 33 and the bottom cover 4, thereby ensuring the structural reliability of the battery and extending its service life.

[0060] Moreover, during actual use, when the battery expands due to accidental impact or high heat, etc., the expanded gas can also be discharged in time through the explosion-proof structure and in cooperation with the explosion-proof sheet 6, so as to play a role in preventing the battery from exploding. Therefore, the improved battery end structure has the advantages of reliable vibration reduction and explosion-proof effects and safer use.

[0061] The above are only specific embodiments of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that any structural design equivalent to this embodiment should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vibration-damping explosion-proof battery end structure, comprising a housing (1), a battery cell (2) in the housing, a current collector at the end of the battery cell, and a bottom cover (4) covering the current collector, characterized in that The current collecting sheet is an elastic current collecting sheet (3), and an explosion-proof structure and an explosion-proof sheet (6) covering the explosion-proof structure are provided on the elastic current collecting sheet or the bottom cover (4).

2. A vibration-damping explosion-proof battery end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The elastic current collecting sheet (3) is provided with a semi-enclosed slot hole (301), and a spring sheet (33) is enclosed on the elastic current collecting sheet (3) by the semi-enclosed slot hole, or the elastic current collecting sheet (3) is provided with at least two open slots (302), and a hollow spring sheet (33) is formed between two adjacent open slots (302).

3. A vibration-damping explosion-proof battery end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The elastic current collecting sheet (3) is composed of a base sheet (31) and a hollow sheet (32) concentrically welded and fixed on the base sheet, the hollow sheet is provided with a plurality of concentric arc-shaped slots (321) having different outer diameters, and a plurality of semicircular spring sheets (33) are formed on the elastic current collecting sheet (3) by the plurality of arc-shaped slots.

4. A vibration-damping explosion-proof battery end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The elastic current collecting sheet (3) is provided with a plurality of "<"-shaped slots (34), the plurality of "<"-shaped slots (34) are evenly distributed around a circle with the center of the elastic current collecting sheet (3) as the center, and hollow spring sheets (33) are formed on the elastic current collecting sheet (3) by the plurality of "<"-shaped slots (34).

5. The vibration-damping explosion-proof battery end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The elastic current collecting sheet (3) is provided with a plurality of concentric waist-shaped holes (37) evenly distributed around the circumference, and the plurality of waist-shaped holes enclose a circular spring sheet (33) in the middle of the elastic current collecting sheet (3), and the spring sheet is elastically connected to the elastic current collecting sheet (3) via a bending sheet (38) between each two adjacent waist-shaped holes (37).

6. The vibration-damping explosion-proof battery end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The explosion-proof structure comprises a current collecting column (5) which is welded and fixed at the end of the battery cell (2), the current collecting column passing through the elastic current collecting sheet (3) and the bottom cover (4) in sequence, and an axially penetrating explosion-proof hole (51) is provided in the current collecting column (5).

7. A vibration-damping explosion-proof battery end structure according to claim 6, characterized in that The explosion-proof disc (6) is welded and fixed on the outer end surface of the current collecting column (5) to form an external seal for the explosion-proof hole (51), or the explosion-proof disc (6) is welded and fixed on the inner end surface of the current collecting column (5) to form an internal seal for the explosion-proof hole (51).

8. The vibration-damping explosion-proof battery end structure according to claim 7, characterized in that The outer end surface of the current collecting column (5) is provided with an outer countersunk hole (52) for fitting the outer-enclosed explosion-proof disk (6), and the inner end surface of the current collecting column (5) is provided with an inner countersunk hole (53) for fitting the inner-enclosed explosion-proof disk (6).

9. The vibration-damping explosion-proof battery end structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The explosion-proof structure is provided with an explosion-proof annular groove (41) on the outer end surface of the bottom cover (4), and the explosion-proof plate (6) is welded and fixed on the outer end surface of the bottom cover (4) and covers the explosion-proof annular groove (41).

10. The vibration-damping explosion-proof battery end structure according to claim 7, characterized in that The bottom cover (4) and the outer shell (1) are fixed by circumferential welding, or the bottom cover (4) is connected to the end of the outer shell (1) and sealed.

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