Impact test device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an impact test device. The impact test device comprises an impact cylinder and a test barrel, the impact cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston and a piston rod, the impact cylinder is divided into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity by the piston, the cylinder barrel is provided with an air hole communicated with the rodless cavity, and a breakpoint column connected with the piston and the cylinder barrel is arranged in the rodless cavity; when the pressure in the rodless cavity reaches a preset value, the breakpoint column is disconnected; a test target and an impact block located between the test target and the piston rod are fixed in the test cylinder, and the piston rod applies impact force to the test target through the impact block. According to the impact test device, the impact force is increased to a specified value by inflating the rodless cavity, the magnitude of the impact force is determined by the bearing force of the breakpoint columns, and the appropriate breakpoint columns are selected according to the required impact force, so that the instant impact force is provided for the piston rod, and the simulation accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of testing, in particular to an impact test device. Background Art

[0002] In the recovery device of the launch test, the launch element is stopped and recovered by the impact of the resistance plate on the launch element. In order to successfully intercept the launch element, the resistance plate needs to be subjected to an impact test after being manufactured to test whether the resistance plate can withstand the speed impact force corresponding to the launch element. The resistance plate is the Figure 1 test target 6 in Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems of the existing impact test device, such as long stroke, large device size or poor versatility, the utility model provides an impact test device to solve the above problems.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: an impact test device, including an impact cylinder and a test cylinder; the impact cylinder includes a cylinder barrel, a piston and a piston rod. The impact cylinder is divided into a rod chamber and a rodless chamber by the piston. The cylinder barrel has an air hole communicated with the rodless chamber. A break point column connecting the piston and the cylinder barrel is arranged in the rodless chamber; when the pressure in the rodless chamber reaches a preset value, the break point column breaks; a test target and an impact block located between the test target and the piston rod are fixed in the test cylinder, and the piston rod applies an impact force to the test target through the impact block.

[0005] Furthermore, the impact cylinder and the test cylinder are arranged vertically, the test cylinder is located above the impact cylinder, and the impact block is placed on the top of the piston rod.

[0006] Further, the test cylinder includes a cylinder body with an axial through-hole and a box body detachably fixed to one end of the cylinder body. One end of the box body facing the cylinder body is open, and a door body that can be opened is provided on the side of the box body. The impact block reciprocates in the cylinder body, and the test target is installed in the box body.

[0007] Further, a base is provided at the bottom of the impact cylinder, and the break point column is installed on the base.

[0008] Further, a deformable braking member is connected to the outside of the piston rod. When the piston rod reaches the end of the stroke, the braking member abuts against the end of the cylinder barrel and deforms, so that the piston rod can be buffered before stopping.

[0009] Further, the braking member is made of stainless steel, and the outer diameter of the braking member gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0010] Further, the braking member is installed at one end of the piston rod close to the piston.

[0011] Further, connection heads are fixed on both the base and the piston. The two ends of the break point column are respectively thread-fixed to the two connection heads, and a breakable necking part is provided in the middle of the break point column.

[0012] Further, the top plate of the box body is fixed to the side wall of the box body by bolts.

[0013] Further, a protective sleeve is fixed on the base, and both the impact cylinder and the test cylinder are located in the protective sleeve.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0015] (1) The impact test device of the present utility model increases the impact force to a specified value by inflating the rodless cavity. The magnitude of the impact force is determined by the bearing capacity of the break point column. A suitable break point column is selected according to the required impact force, so as to provide an instantaneous impact force for the piston rod and improve the simulation accuracy.

[0016] (2) The test device of the present utility model is vertically arranged, and after the test is completed, the impact block can also return to the surface of the piston rod by gravity without manual adjustment.

[0017] (3) The present utility model is provided with a deformable braking member outside the piston rod. When the piston rod moves to the end of the stroke, the braking member first contacts the cylinder barrel, and the speed of the piston rod is gradually reduced by relying on the deformation of the braking member, so that the piston rod is buffered, thereby improving the service life of the impact cylinder. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of the test target;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the specific implementation manner of the impact test device of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 The enlarged view at position a in

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 2 The enlarged view at position b in

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the specific implementation manner of the impact test device of the present utility model.

[0024] In the figure, 1. Impact cylinder, 101. Cylinder barrel, 102. Piston, 103. Piston rod, 104. Break point column, 1041. Necking part, 105. Connector, 106. Braking part, 2. Test cylinder, 201. Cylinder body, 202. Box body, 2021. Door body, 2022. Top plate, 3. Rod chamber, 4. Rodless chamber, 5. Air hole, 6. Test target, 601. Baffle, 7. Impact block, 8. Base, 9. Protective sleeve. Specific implementation manner

[0025] The following details the embodiments of the present utility model. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] As Figures 2 - 4 shown, an impact test device includes an impact cylinder 1 and a test cylinder 2. The test target 6 is installed in the test cylinder 2, and the impact cylinder 1 is used to provide impact force; the impact cylinder 1 includes a cylinder barrel 101, a piston 102 and a piston rod 103. The impact cylinder 1 is divided into a rod chamber 3 and a rodless chamber 4 by the piston 102. The cylinder barrel 101 has an air hole 5 communicating with the rodless chamber 4. A break point column 104 connecting the piston 102 and the cylinder barrel 101 is provided in the rodless chamber 4; when the pressure in the rodless chamber 4 reaches a preset value, the break point column 104 breaks; a test target 6 and an impact block 7 located between the test target 6 and the piston rod 103 are fixed in the test cylinder 2. The impact block 7 is movably arranged in the test cylinder 2 and can move up and down. The piston rod 103 applies an impact force to the test target 6 through the impact block 7.

[0028] During the test, first select the appropriate breakpoint column 104 for installation according to the required impact force, the piston rod 103 is in the retracted state, the impact block 7 contacts the piston rod 103, and the external gas source rushes high-pressure gas into the rodless chamber 4. The pressure in the rodless chamber 4 gradually increases. Since the breakpoint column 104 pulls the piston 102, the piston 102 cannot move. When the internal pressure of the rodless chamber 4 reaches the disconnection pressure of the breakpoint column 104, the breakpoint column 104 disconnects, and the piston 102 and the piston rod 103 drive the impact block 7 to rush out instantly. When the piston rod 103 is fully extended, the impact block 7 is separated from the piston rod 103, and the impact block 7 rushes to the test target 6 by inertia. If the test target 6 can stop the impact block 7, it means that the test target 6 is qualified. The utility model can simulate the real launch element to impact the test target 6, reduce the deviation between the simulation result and the actual situation, and improve the simulation accuracy.

[0029] The impact cylinder 1 and the test cylinder 2 are preferably arranged vertically, the test cylinder 2 is located above the impact cylinder 1, and the impact block 7 is placed on the top of the piston rod 103. When the test is completed, the impact block 7 automatically returns to the top of the piston rod 103 under the action of gravity, and no manual operation is required.

[0030] The test cylinder 2 may include, but is not limited to, a cylinder 201 that is axially through and a box 202 that is detachably fixed to one end of the cylinder 201. The box 202 is open toward one end of the cylinder 201. The side of the box 202 has an openable door 2021. The impact block 7 reciprocates in the cylinder 201, and the test target 6 is installed in the box 202. The box 202 and the cylinder 201 may be made of different materials or different shapes. The cylinder 201 is used for the reciprocating motion of the impact block 7. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the cylinder 201 and the impact block 7 is the same, and the cylinder 201 needs to consider the anti-wear design. The box 202 is used to install the test target 6. The test personnel can observe the test status or results through the door 2021 without dismantling the entire device.

[0031] The top plate 2022 of the box body 202 can be fixed to the side wall of the box body 202 by bolts. When the test target 6 needs to be replaced, the box body 202 can be removed from the top to replace the test target 6 inside the box body 202.

[0032] In a further design, a base 8 is provided at the bottom of the impact cylinder 1, and the base 8 serves as the bottom end surface of the impact cylinder 1, and the breakpoint column 104 is installed on the base 8. The plane size of the base 8 is large, and the whole device can be supported, so that the device can be placed vertically and stably.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] The break point column 104 is a columnar structure with a constricted middle part, that is, the middle part of the break point column 104 has a breakable constricted part 1041. The break point column 104 is a disposable component. After the test, the break point column 104 needs to be replaced for the next test. If the break point column 104 is directly connected to the piston 102 and the base 8, the strength of the connection structure will be weakened after frequent disassembly and assembly, and the cost of replacing the piston 102 and the base 8 is too high. Therefore, on the basis of the above embodiment, the following improvements are made in this embodiment: As Figure 3 shown, connection heads 105 are fixed on both the base 8 and the piston 102. The two ends of the break point column 104 are threadedly fixed to the two connection heads 105 respectively. When the thread connection strength of the connection head 105 decreases, only the connection head 105 needs to be replaced separately, reducing the maintenance cost of parts.

[0035] Embodiment III

[0036] On the basis of the above embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, a deformable braking member 106 is connected outside the piston rod 103. When the piston rod 103 reaches the end of the stroke, the braking member 106 abuts against the end of the cylinder barrel 101 and deforms, so that the piston rod 103 can be buffered before stopping. After the braking member 106 abuts against the upper end face of the cylinder barrel 101, the movement of the piston rod 103 and the piston 102 is blocked, but they will not stop immediately. The braking member 106 will be squeezed and shortened until the braking member 106 is squeezed to the limit state, and the piston 102 and the piston rod 103 completely stop moving. This embodiment can prevent the piston 102 and the piston rod 103 from stopping at a high speed, resulting in a large vibration of the piston rod 103, thereby affecting the service life of the impact cylinder 1.

[0037] The braking member 106 is preferably made of stainless steel. The stainless steel material is easy to deform. The outer diameter of the braking member 106 gradually increases from top to bottom, making the braking member 106 conical, which is more conducive to its force deformation.

[0038] The braking member 106 is preferably installed at one end of the piston rod 103 close to the piston 102. At this time, the distance between the braking member 106 and the top of the cylinder barrel 101 is the farthest, which can minimize the total length of the device.

[0039] In further design, in order to protect the impact cylinder 1 and the test cylinder 2, as Figure 5 shown, a protective sleeve 9 is fixed on the base 8. The impact cylinder 1 and the test cylinder 2 are both located inside the protective sleeve 9. The protective sleeve 9 can play a safety protection role for the test personnel and also play a dust-proof role for the internal equipment.

[0040] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "length", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0041] In this specification, the schematic expression of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments.

[0042] Taking the above-mentioned ideal embodiment of the present utility model as an inspiration, through the above description, relevant staff can completely make various changes and modifications within the scope not deviating from the technical idea of the present utility model. The technical scope of the present utility model is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An impact test device, characterized in that: It includes an impact cylinder and a test cylinder; the impact cylinder includes a cylinder barrel, a piston and a piston rod. The impact cylinder is separated by the piston into a rod chamber and a rodless chamber. The cylinder barrel has an air hole communicating with the rodless chamber. A break point column connecting the piston and the cylinder barrel is provided in the rodless chamber; when the pressure in the rodless chamber reaches a preset value, the break point column breaks. A test target and an impact block located between the test target and the piston rod are fixed in the test cylinder, and the piston rod applies an impact force to the test target through the impact block.

2. The impact test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact cylinder and the test cylinder are arranged vertically, the test cylinder is located above the impact cylinder, and the impact block is placed on the top of the piston rod.

3. The impact test device according to claim 1, wherein: The test cylinder includes an axially penetrating cylinder body and a box body detachably fixed to one end of the cylinder body. One end of the box body facing the cylinder body is open, and a door body that can be opened is provided on the side of the box body. The impact block reciprocates in the cylinder body, and the test target is installed in the box body.

4. The impact test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A base is provided at the bottom of the impact cylinder, and the break point column is installed on the base.

5. The impact test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A deformable braking member is connected to the outside of the piston rod. When the piston rod reaches the end of the stroke, the braking member abuts against the end of the cylinder barrel and deforms, so that the piston rod can be buffered before stopping.

6. The impact test device according to claim 5, wherein: The braking member is made of stainless steel, and the outer diameter of the braking member gradually increases from top to bottom.

7. The impact test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The braking member is installed at one end of the piston rod close to the piston.

8. The impact test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Connectors are fixed on both the base and the piston. The two ends of the break point column are thread-fixed to the two connectors respectively, and a breakable necking part is provided in the middle of the break point column.

9. The impact test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top plate of the box body is fixed to the side wall of the box body by bolts.

10. The impact test device according to claim 4, wherein: A protective sleeve is fixed on the base, and both the impact cylinder and the test cylinder are located in the protective sleeve.

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