Material testing equipment based on high and low temperature test box

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of material testing, in particular to material testing equipment based on a high-low temperature test box, which comprises a high-low temperature box, an air conditioner fixedly connected in the high-low temperature box and a controller fixedly connected on the side wall of the high-low temperature box, a linear module is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the high-low temperature box and provided with a clamp mechanism. By arranging the pressing plate, when the U-shaped component is impacted by the heavy block, at least two impact stages can be generated, a cross arm of the U-shaped component extrudes the pressing plate located below, compresses a second spring and pushes a second rubber block of a second pressure sensor below an L-shaped block, downward impact force is detected, and the second spring recovers elastically to drive the U-shaped component to move upwards; the cross arm extrudes a pressing plate located above the cross arm, a second rubber block of a second pressure sensor above an L-shaped block is pushed, bounce is detected, and the two sets of detection mechanisms achieve dynamic pressure capture of the end of the test block in the whole impact loading and unloading period through the buffering and conduction effect of a second spring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of material testing, and particularly relates to a material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber. Background Art

[0002] In high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace, new energy vehicles, and electronic appliances, the mechanical properties (such as tensile strength) of materials in different temperature environments are the core indicators determining the reliability of products. The temperature sensitivity of the tensile strength of materials directly affects the safety of materials in specific usage environments.

[0003] Currently, existing testing methods usually clamp and fix materials in a high and low temperature test chamber, apply pressure to the materials in different temperature environments, and detect the compressive and deformation resistance capabilities of the materials. However, it is difficult for existing testing equipment to detect the force transmitted to the clamping mechanism when the test block is impacted, it is inconvenient to detect the force condition at the end of the test block, and it is also inconvenient to test the indirect pressure received by the detection table, thus further improvement is needed. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In order to overcome the problems that existing testing equipment is difficult to detect the force transmitted to the clamping mechanism when the test block is impacted, it is inconvenient to detect the force condition at the end of the test block, and it is also inconvenient to test the indirect pressure received by the detection table, a material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber is proposed.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: A material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber, including a high and low temperature chamber, an air conditioner fixedly connected inside the high and low temperature chamber, and a controller fixedly connected to the side wall of the high and low temperature chamber; a lifting mechanism is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the high and low temperature chamber, a fixture mechanism is installed on the lifting mechanism, a weight is installed on the fixture mechanism, a detection table and two positioning mechanisms are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the high and low temperature chamber, the two positioning mechanisms are symmetric with respect to the detection table, a first detection mechanism is provided on the detection table, a bearing plate is installed on the first detection mechanism, a clamping mechanism is provided on the bearing plate, and a second detection mechanism is provided on the clamping mechanism;

[0006] The clamping mechanism includes an L-shaped block, a second spring, and a pressing plate; two L-shaped blocks are placed on the upper end of the bearing plate, a third groove is penetrated and opened at one end of the L-shaped block, second springs are fixedly connected to the upper and lower end surfaces of the inner wall of the third groove, and a pressing plate is fixedly connected to the end of the second spring close to the center of the third groove;

[0007] The second detection mechanism includes a fixed block and a second pressure sensor; two fixed blocks are fixedly connected to the mutually remote ends of the two L-shaped blocks, a second pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the mutually close ends of the two fixed blocks on the same side, and a second rubber block is fixedly connected to the detection end of the second pressure sensor;

[0008] A U-shaped member is placed between two L-shaped blocks. The U-shaped member is composed of two parallel cross arms and an arc-shaped bending part connecting the bottom ends of the two cross arms, and the upper and lower ends of the cross arms are respectively abutted against one end of the two pressing plates on the same side that are close to each other.

[0009] Further, two limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing plate, and the two sides of the L-shaped block are respectively attached to one end of the two limiting blocks that are close to each other.

[0010] Further, the clamping mechanism includes a U-shaped block, a first groove body, a first electric cylinder, a second groove body and a pressing block; the lifting mechanism includes a linear module and a cross block. The cross block is fixedly connected to the moving end of the linear module. A U-shaped block is fixedly connected to the side end of the cross block. The U-shaped block opens downward. The two sides of the weight block are attached to the two inner sides of the U-shaped block. A first groove body is penetrated and opened at the upper end of the U-shaped block. First electric cylinders are fixedly connected to both sides of the U-shaped block. Second groove bodies are opened on the inner walls on both sides of the U-shaped block. The pressing block is located inside the second groove body, and the volume of the pressing block is one-half of the volume of the second groove body.

[0011] Further, positioning grooves are opened on both sides of the weight block. The inner wall of the positioning groove is flush with the inner wall of the second groove body, and the positioning groove is adapted to the pressing block.

[0012] Further, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the weight block. The upper end of the fixing rod passes through the first groove body and extends above the U-shaped block.

[0013] Further, the first detection mechanism includes a first pressure sensor, a first spring, a first guiding hole and a first guiding rod; first pressure sensors and first springs are fixedly connected to the four corner edges of the upper end of the detection table. The area surrounded by the four first pressure sensors is located inside the area surrounded by the four first springs. First guiding holes are penetrated and opened at the four corners of the upper end of the detection table. First guiding rods are fixedly connected to the four corners of the lower end of the bearing plate. The first guiding rods are slidably arranged on the inner wall of the first guiding hole. The first guiding rods are located inside the first spring. A first rubber block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first pressure sensor, and there is a gap between the first rubber block and the lower end of the bearing plate.

[0014] Further, the positioning mechanism includes a bearing block, a protective shell, a second electric cylinder and a pushing block; two bearing blocks are fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the high and low temperature box. A protective shell is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing block. A second electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell. A pushing block is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second electric cylinder. One end of the two pushing blocks that are close to each other is respectively attached to one end of the two L-shaped blocks that are far away from each other.

[0015] Further, a second guiding hole is penetrated and opened on the L-shaped block. A second guiding rod is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the second guiding hole. One end of the two second guiding rods on the same side that is close to the center of the third groove body is fixedly connected to one end of the two pressing plates that are far away from each other.

[0016] Furthermore, a vertical block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing plate. Guide rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the vertical block. A limiting hole is formed through the lower part of one side of the L-shaped block, and the inner wall of the limiting hole fits against the side wall of the guide rod.

[0017] Furthermore, both sides of the pressing plate are slidably arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the third groove body.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0019] 1. By providing a clamping mechanism composed of an L-shaped block, a second spring, and a pressing plate on the bearing plate, and a second detection mechanism on the L-shaped block, when the U-shaped member (simulated test block) is impacted by a heavy block, there will be at least two impact stages. The first is the downward impact stage: the cross arm of the U-shaped member squeezes the pressing plate located below, compresses the second spring, and pushes the second rubber block of the second pressure sensor below the L-shaped block to detect the downward impact force. The second is the upward rebound stage: the elastic recovery of the second spring drives the U-shaped member to move upward, the cross arm squeezes the pressing plate located above, and pushes the second rubber block of the second pressure sensor above the L-shaped block to detect the rebound force. Through the buffering and conduction effects of the second spring, the two detection mechanisms achieve dynamic pressure capture of the end of the test block during the full cycle of impact loading and unloading, solving the problem that it is difficult for existing equipment to detect the impact force transmitted to the clamping mechanism.

[0020] 2. Through the setting of the first detection mechanism, when the U-shaped member is impacted: the impact force is transmitted to the first guide rod through the bearing plate, the first guide rod slides along the first guide hole of the test bench and compresses the first spring. There is a reserved gap between the first rubber block of the first pressure sensor and the bottom of the bearing plate to ensure that the detection is triggered only when the impact force exceeds the elastic threshold of the spring, avoiding interference from slight vibrations. The first pressure sensor records the indirect pressure value transmitted by the bearing plate in real time. Combining the data of the second detection mechanism, an analysis model of the double paths of the direct impact at the end of the test block under force and the indirect conduction of the base can be constructed, solving the problem that it is inconvenient to test the indirect pressure received by the test bench. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 Shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 Shown is a three-dimensional split structural schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism and the heavy block of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 Shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the U-shaped member of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 Shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the air conditioner of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5The figure shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 The figure shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second detection mechanism of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 The figure shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 The figure shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first detection mechanism of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 9 The figure shows a front view of the present utility model.

[0030] The reference numerals in the drawings are: 1, high and low temperature box; 2, linear module; 3, fixture mechanism; 31, U-shaped block; 32, first groove; 33, first electric cylinder; 34, second groove; 35, extrusion block; 4, weight; 41, positioning groove; 42, fixing rod; 5, detection table; 51, first pressure sensor; 52, first spring; 53, first guide hole; 54, first guide rod; 6, bearing plate; 61, L-shaped block; 62, third groove; 63, second spring; 64, pressing plate; 65, second guide hole; 66, second guide rod; 7, limit block; 8, positioning mechanism; 81, bearing block; 82, protective shell; 83, second electric cylinder; 84, pushing block; 9, U-shaped member; 10, air conditioner; 11, controller; 12, vertical block; 13, guide rod; 14, fixing block; 15, second pressure sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1 - 9 , a material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber, comprising a high and low temperature box 1, an air conditioner 10 fixedly connected inside the high and low temperature box 1, and a controller 11 fixedly connected to the side wall of the high and low temperature box 1; a lifting mechanism is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the high and low temperature box 1, a fixture mechanism 3 is installed on the lifting mechanism, a weight 4 is installed on the fixture mechanism 3, a detection table 5 and two positioning mechanisms 8 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the high and low temperature box 1, the two positioning mechanisms 8 are symmetric with respect to the detection table 5, a first detection mechanism is provided on the detection table 5, a bearing plate 6 is installed on the first detection mechanism, a clamping mechanism is provided on the bearing plate 6, and a second detection mechanism is provided on the clamping mechanism;

[0033] The clamping mechanism includes an L-shaped block 61, a second spring 63 and a pressing plate 64; two L-shaped blocks 61 are placed on the upper end of the bearing plate 6. One end of the L-shaped block 61 is provided with a third groove 62 through which. On the upper and lower end faces of the inner wall of the third groove 62, second springs 63 are fixedly connected. One end of the second spring 63 close to the center of the third groove 62 is fixedly connected with a pressing plate 64;

[0034] The second detection mechanism includes a fixed block 14 and a second pressure sensor 15; two fixed blocks 14 are fixedly connected to the mutually remote ends of the two L-shaped blocks 61. On the mutually close ends of the two fixed blocks 14 on the same side, second pressure sensors 15 are fixedly connected. A second rubber block is fixedly connected to the detection end of the second pressure sensor 15;

[0035] A U-shaped member 9 is placed between the two L-shaped blocks 61. The U-shaped member 9 is composed of two parallel cross arms and an arc-shaped bending part connecting the bottom ends of the two cross arms. And the upper and lower ends of the cross arms are respectively abutted against the mutually close ends of the two pressing plates 64 on the same side.

[0036] During use, manually install the weight 4 on the fixture mechanism 3, use the fixture mechanism 3 to clamp the weight 4, manually place the U-shaped member 9 between the two pressing plates 64 so that the U-shaped member 9 is placed suspended, and then turn on the fixture mechanism 3 to release the clamping and fixing of the weight 4. The weight 4 falls due to gravity and impacts on the U-shaped member 9. The U-shaped member 9 will first move downward, its cross arm presses down the lower pressing plate 64 and squeezes the pressing plate 64 onto the second rubber block of the lower second pressure sensor 15. Then due to the elastic force of the lower second spring 63, the U-shaped member 9 moves upward and squeezes against the upper pressing plate 64 arranged symmetrically, causing the upper pressing plate 64 to move upward and squeeze onto the second rubber block of the upper second pressure sensor 15. The upper and lower second pressure sensors 15 can detect the pressure value when the U-shaped member 9 is impacted. In addition, the impact force will cause the bearing plate 6 to move downward, and the first detection mechanism can detect the downward pressure generated at this time.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, two limiting blocks 7 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing plate 6. The two sides of the L-shaped block 61 are respectively attached to the mutually close ends of the two limiting blocks 7. The limiting blocks 7 form a lateral limit for the L-shaped block 61 and can ensure the stable position of the L-shaped block 61 during the impact process.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In this embodiment, the clamp mechanism 3 includes a U-shaped block 31, a first slot body 32, a first electric cylinder 33, a second slot body 34 and an extrusion block 35; the lifting mechanism includes a linear module 2 and a cross block, a cross block is fixedly connected to the moving end of the linear module 2, a U-shaped block 31 is fixedly connected to the side end of the cross block, the U-shaped block 31 opens downward, and both sides of the weight block 4 are fitted with both sides of the inner wall of the U-shaped block 31, a first slot body 32 is penetrated through the upper end of the U-shaped block 31, a first electric cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to both sides of the U-shaped block 31, and a second slot body 34 is opened on both sides of the inner wall of the U-shaped block 31, the extrusion block 35 is located inside the second slot body 34, and the volume of the extrusion block 35 is half of the volume of the second slot body 34, the first electric cylinder 33 drives the extrusion block 35 to retract, which can quickly realize the clamping and release of the weight block 4, cooperate with the movement of the linear module 2, accurately control the impact height and speed of the weight block 4, and improve the controllability of the impact force loading.

[0039] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, positioning grooves 41 are provided on both sides of the weight block 4, the inner wall of the positioning groove 41 is flush with the inner wall of the second groove body 34, the positioning groove 41 and the extrusion block 35 are adapted to each other, and the matching design of the positioning groove 41 and the extrusion block 35 enables the weight block 4 to be accurately positioned with the clamp mechanism 3 when clamping, avoiding the impact force transmission deviation caused by the installation gap and improving the test stability.

[0040] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, a fixing rod 42 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the weight block 4. The upper end of the fixing rod 42 passes through the first slot body 32 and extends to the top of the U-shaped block 31. The fixing rod 42 is convenient for manual holding to realize installation and adjustment of the weight block 4.

[0041] See also Figure 1 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, a second guide hole 65 is penetrated through the L-shaped block 61, and a second guide rod 66 is slidably provided on the inner wall of the second guide hole 65. The ends of the two second guide rods 66 on the same side close to the center of the third groove body 62 are fixedly connected to the ends of the two pressure plates 64 away from each other. The second guide rod 66 and the second guide hole 65 form a sliding guide structure to ensure that the pressure plate 64 moves smoothly in the third groove body 62, avoid pressure transmission distortion caused by tilting and jamming, and improve the reliability of pressure detection.

[0042] See also Figure 1 and Figure 6, in this embodiment, a vertical block 12 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing plate 6. Guide rods 13 are fixedly connected to both sides of the vertical block 12. A limiting hole is formed through the lower part of one side of the L-shaped block 61. The inner wall of the limiting hole fits against the side wall of the guide rod 13. The cooperation between the guide rod 13 and the limiting hole further restricts the lateral displacement of the L-shaped block 61, ensuring uniform stress on both sides of the U-shaped member 9 and facilitating the analysis of stress distribution characteristics through the symmetrically arranged second pressure sensors 15.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 7 , in this embodiment, both sides of the pressing plate 64 are slidably arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the third groove 62. The sliding fit design of the pressing plate 64 and the third groove 62 enables the pressing plate 64 to move stably.

[0044] Embodiment 2: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, the present application provides a technical solution: The positioning mechanism 8 includes a bearing block 81, a protective shell 82, a second electric cylinder 83, and a pushing block 84; Two bearing blocks 81 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the high and low temperature box 1. A protective shell 82 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing block 81. A second electric cylinder 83 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 82. A pushing block 84 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second electric cylinder 83. The mutually approaching ends of the two pushing blocks 84 are respectively in contact with the mutually remote ends of the two L-shaped blocks 61. The second electric cylinder 83 drives the pushing block 84 to tightly press against the L-shaped block 61, realizing the active positioning of the bearing plate 6 and the clamping mechanism, avoiding the displacement of the overall structure during the impact process, and improving the stability of the detection system.

[0045] Embodiment 3: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, the present application provides a technical solution: The first detection mechanism includes a first pressure sensor 51, a first spring 52, a first guide hole 53, and a first guide rod 54; First pressure sensors 51 and first springs 52 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the upper end of the detection table 5. The area surrounded by the four first pressure sensors 51 is located inside the area surrounded by the four first springs 52. First guide holes 53 are formed through the four corners of the upper end of the detection table 5. First guide rods 54 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the lower end of the bearing plate 6. The first guide rods 54 are slidably arranged on the inner wall of the first guide holes 53. The first guide rods 54 are located inside the first springs 52. A first rubber block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first pressure sensor 51, and there is a gap between the first rubber block and the lower end of the bearing plate 6. The first spring 52 and the first guide rod 54 cooperate to buffer the impact force. The first pressure sensor 51 filters out slight vibrations through the reserved gap and only detects effective impact loads, realizing the quantitative acquisition of the indirect pressure on the detection table 5 and facilitating the subsequent construction of a multi-path stress analysis model.

[0046] Working principle: When in use, manually install the heavy block 4 in the U-shaped block 31 of the fixture mechanism 3. Drive the extrusion block 35 on both sides of the fixture mechanism 3 to insert into the positioning grooves 41 on both sides of the heavy block 4, and use the fixture mechanism 3 to clamp and fix the heavy block 4. At the same time, manually place the U-shaped member 9 between the pressing plates 64 between the two L-shaped blocks 61 at the upper end of the bearing plate 6, so that the upper and lower ends of the cross arm of the U-shaped member 9 are respectively abutted against the two pressing plates 64 on the same side, and it is in a suspended state;

[0047] At this time, the second electric cylinder 83 in the positioning mechanism 8 drives the push block 84 to extend out of the protective shell 82 and fit with one end of the two L-shaped blocks 61 away from each other, forming a positioning for the L-shaped blocks 61;

[0048] Then, control the linear module 2 to drive the fixture mechanism 3 to move to a set height through the controller 11. Open the first electric cylinder 33 of the fixture mechanism 3 to contract the extrusion block 35, release the clamping and fixing of the heavy block 4. The heavy block 4 falls along the guide rail of the linear module 2 due to gravity and impacts on the arc-shaped bending part of the U-shaped member 9. After being impacted, the U-shaped member 9 first moves downward, and its cross arm presses down the pressing plate 64 below. The pressing plate 64 slides along the inner wall of the third groove body 62 and compresses the second spring 63 below. At the same time, the pressing plate 64 is pressed onto the second rubber block of the second pressure sensor 15 on the fixed block 14 below. The second pressure sensor 15 below detects the pressure value of the downward impact;

[0049] Subsequently, the second spring 63 below elastically recovers and pushes the U-shaped member 9 to move upward. The cross arm of the U-shaped member 9 presses the pressing plate 64 above. The pressing plate 64 slides along the inner wall of the third groove body 62 and compresses the second spring 63 above. At the same time, the pressing plate 64 above is moved upward and pressed onto the second rubber block of the second pressure sensor 15 on the fixed block 14 above. The second pressure sensor 15 above detects the pressure value of the upward rebound;

[0050] When the U-shaped member 9 moves downward under the impact, the impact force is transmitted to the first guide rods 54 at the four corners of the lower end of the bearing plate 6 through the bearing plate 6. The first guide rods 54 slide downward along the inner walls of the first guide holes 53 at the four corners of the upper end of the detection table 5 and compress the first springs 52. When the impact force exceeds the elastic threshold of the first springs 52, the lower end of the bearing plate 6 contacts the first rubber block at the upper end of the first pressure sensor 51, and the first pressure sensor 51 detects the indirect pressure value transmitted by the bearing plate 6 downward;

[0051] The controller 11 synchronously collects the detection data of the upper and lower second pressure sensors 15 and the first pressure sensor 51, which is used to analyze the dynamic pressure change and force path of the U-shaped member 9 when impacted in high and low temperature environments.

Claims

1. A material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber, comprising a high and low temperature chamber (1), an air conditioner (10) fixedly connected inside the high and low temperature chamber (1), and a controller (11) fixedly connected to the side wall of the high and low temperature chamber (1); characterized in that: In the middle of the inner wall of the high and low temperature chamber (1), a lifting mechanism is provided. A clamping mechanism (3) is installed on the lifting mechanism, and a weight (4) is installed on the clamping mechanism (3). On the bottom surface of the inner wall of the high and low temperature chamber (1), a detection table (5) and two positioning mechanisms (8) are fixedly connected. The two positioning mechanisms (8) are symmetric with respect to the detection table (5). A first detection mechanism is provided on the detection table (5), a bearing plate (6) is installed on the first detection mechanism, a clamping mechanism is provided on the bearing plate (6), and a second detection mechanism is provided on the clamping mechanism; The clamping mechanism includes an L-shaped block (61), a second spring (63) and a pressing plate (64); two L-shaped blocks (61) are placed at the upper end of the bearing plate (6). A third groove body (62) is penetrated and opened at one end of the L-shaped block (61). The upper and lower end faces of the inner wall of the third groove body (62) are fixedly connected with second springs (63). One end of the second spring (63) close to the center of the third groove body (62) is fixedly connected with a pressing plate (64); The second detection mechanism includes a fixed block (14) and a second pressure sensor (15); two fixed blocks (14) are fixedly connected to the mutually remote ends of the two L-shaped blocks (61). One end of the two fixed blocks (14) on the same side close to each other is fixedly connected with a second pressure sensor (15). A second rubber block is fixedly connected to the detection end of the second pressure sensor (15); A U-shaped member (9) is placed between the two L-shaped blocks (61). The U-shaped member (9) is composed of two parallel horizontal arms and an arc-shaped bending part connecting the bottom ends of the two horizontal arms. The upper and lower ends of the horizontal arm are respectively abutted against one end of the two pressing plates (64) on the same side that are close to each other.

2. The material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two limiting blocks (7) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing plate (6). The two sides of the L-shaped block (61) are respectively attached to one end of the two limiting blocks (7) that are close to each other.

3. The material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber according to claim 1, wherein: The clamping mechanism (3) includes a U-shaped block (31), a first groove body (32), a first electric cylinder (33), a second groove body (34) and an extrusion block (35); the lifting mechanism includes a linear module (2) and a transverse block. The transverse block is fixedly connected to the mobile end of the linear module (2). The side end of the transverse block is fixedly connected with a U-shaped block (31). The U-shaped block (31) opens downward. The two sides of the weight (4) are attached to the two sides of the inner wall of the U-shaped block (31). A first groove body (32) is penetrated and opened at the upper end of the U-shaped block (31). First electric cylinders (33) are fixedly connected to both sides of the U-shaped block (31). Second groove bodies (34) are opened on the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped block (31). The extrusion block (35) is located inside the second groove body (34), and the volume of the extrusion block (35) is one-half of the volume of the second groove body (34).

4. The material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: Positioning grooves (41) are opened on both sides of the weight (4). The inner wall of the positioning groove (41) is flush with the inner wall of the second groove body (34). The positioning groove (41) is adapted to the extrusion block (35).

5. The material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixed rod (42) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the weight (4). The upper end of the fixed rod (42) passes through the first groove body (32) and extends above the U-shaped block (31).

6. The material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber according to claim 3, wherein: The first detection mechanism includes a first pressure sensor (51), a first spring (52), a first guide hole (53), and a first guide rod (54); at the four corner edges of the upper end of the detection table (5), a first pressure sensor (51) and a first spring (52) are fixedly connected. The area surrounded by the four first pressure sensors (51) is located inside the area surrounded by the four first springs (52). At the four corners of the upper end of the detection table (5), first guide holes (53) are penetrated and opened. At the four corners of the lower end of the bearing plate (6), a first guide rod (54) is fixedly connected. The first guide rod (54) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the first guide hole (53). The first guide rod (54) is located inside the first spring (52). A first rubber block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first pressure sensor (51), and there is a gap between the first rubber block and the lower end of the bearing plate (6).

7. The material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (8) includes a bearing block (81), a protective shell (82), a second electric cylinder (83), and a push block (84); two bearing blocks (81) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the high and low temperature chamber (1). A protective shell (82) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing block (81). A second electric cylinder (83) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell (82). A push block (84) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second electric cylinder (83). The mutually approaching ends of the two push blocks (84) are respectively in contact with the mutually remote ends of the two L-shaped blocks (61).

8. A material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second guide hole (65) is penetrated and opened in the L-shaped block (61). A second guide rod (66) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the second guide hole (65). The mutually approaching ends of the two second guide rods (66) on the same side, which are close to the center of the third groove body (62), are fixedly connected to the mutually remote ends of the two pressing plates (64).

9. The material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber according to claim 1, wherein: A vertical block (12) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing plate (6). Guide rods (13) are fixedly connected to both sides of the vertical block (12). A limiting hole is penetrated and opened in the lower part of one side of the L-shaped block (61). The inner wall of the limiting hole is in contact with the side wall of the guide rod (13).

10. A material testing device based on a high and low temperature test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the pressing plate (64) are slidably arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the third groove body (62).

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