Full-channel test piece for double-track ultrasonic flaw detector
By designing full-channel test specimens for dual-track ultrasonic flaw detectors, the problem that existing test specimens cannot be fully inspected is solved, and the detection capability of flaw detectors is improved, especially the detection effect of flat-shaped injuries.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422003369.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-19
AI Technical Summary
The existing ultrasonic flaw detector detection test pieces cannot meet the requirements of each channel's detection capability, and cannot detect all channels of the flaw detector at the same time, especially in the testing of planar damage flaw detection capability.
A full-channel test specimen for double-track ultrasonic flaw detectors was designed, including test pieces 1, test pieces 2 and test pieces 3. Various artificial defects were set up in different areas, such as grooves, screw hole cracks, short transverse holes, flat bottom holes and oblique cracks, etc., through these defects, the damage at different types and locations is simulated, and the comprehensive inspection of the flaw detector is achieved.
The detection capability of the flaw detector, especially the detection capability of planar damage, has achieved comprehensive testing of each channel of the flaw detector, and has improved the detection accuracy and reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223065241U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of non-destructive testing of track steel rails, in particular to a full-channel test specimen for a double-rail ultrasonic flaw detector. Background Art
[0002] A full-channel test specimen for an ultrasonic flaw detector is a standard test model used to evaluate and verify the performance of an ultrasonic flaw detector. Such specimens are usually designed to contain various types of defect simulations, such as cracks, pores, inclusions, and porosity, etc., to cover various actual defect situations encountered by the flaw detector. By comparing the results detected by the flaw detector on the specimen with the expected ideal results, the accuracy, stability of the instrument, and the technical level of the operator can be evaluated and corrected.
[0003] In recent years, the flaw detector has developed rapidly. Due to the influence of factors such as the types and positions of artificial defects in the existing test specimens, firstly, it cannot meet the test requirements for the detection capabilities of each channel of the flaw detector, and all channels of the flaw detector cannot be detected simultaneously during the detection process; secondly, there are still deficiencies in the previous design and processing defects, lacking the test of the flaw detection capabilities of planar damages by the double-probe or multi-probe method.
[0004] In view of the above problems, a full-channel test specimen for a double-rail ultrasonic flaw detector is proposed to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the utility model provides a full-channel test specimen for a double-rail ultrasonic flaw detector, aiming to improve the problems in the prior art that the existing test specimens cannot meet the test requirements for the detection capabilities of each channel of the flaw detector due to factors such as the types and positions of artificial defects, and all channels of the flaw detector cannot be detected simultaneously during the detection process; secondly, there are still deficiencies in the previous design and processing defects, lacking the test of the flaw detection capabilities of planar damages by the double-probe or multi-probe method.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: A full-channel test specimen for a double-rail ultrasonic flaw detector, including specimen one, specimen two, and specimen three. The specimen one is respectively set as a rail head area, a rail waist area, and a rail bottom center area from top to bottom. Multiple notches one are opened in the rail head area of the specimen one. Multiple screw hole cracks are opened in the rail waist area of the specimen one. Multiple notches are opened in the rail bottom center area of the specimen one. The specimen two is respectively set as a rail head area, a center area of the rail head at both rail ends, a rail waist area, and a rail bottom center area from top to bottom. Short transverse holes are opened on both the inner and outer sides of the rail head area of the specimen two. Two flat-bottomed holes one are opened on both the inner and outer sides of the rail head area of the specimen two. Two flat-bottomed holes two are opened in the center area of the rail head at both rail ends of the specimen two. Multiple inclined cracks one are opened in the rail waist area of the specimen two. A tapered hole is opened in the rail bottom center area of the specimen two. The specimen three is respectively set as an area at both rail ends, a rail head area at both rail ends, and a rail waist area from top to bottom. Multiple flat-bottomed holes three are opened in the center of the projection area of the rail waist area in the area at both rail ends of the specimen three. Flat-bottomed holes four are opened on both the inner and outer sides of the rail head area at both rail ends of the specimen three. Grooves are opened on both the inner and outer sides of the rail waist area of the specimen three. Two inclined cracks two are opened in the rail waist area of the specimen three.
[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0008] The depths of three adjacent notches one are 2mm, 4mm, and 6mm respectively.
[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0010] The screw hole cracks are 37° inclined cracks and horizontal cracks respectively.
[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0012] The depths of three adjacent notches are 2mm, 4mm, and 6mm respectively.
[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0014] The inclination of the flat-bottomed hole two is 70°.
[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0016] The cracks of two adjacent inclined cracks one are inclined cracks of 40° to 45° and 25° to 30° respectively.
[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0018] The crack of the inclined crack two is an inclined crack of 15° to 20°.
[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0020] The included angle of the tapered hole is 120°.
[0021] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0022] 1. In the utility model, by optimizing the design of artificial defects such as the first grooving, screw hole crack, grooving, short transverse hole, flat bottom hole one, flat bottom hole two, and inclined crack one, the test effect of the detection ability of the flaw detector is improved, and the test effect of the detection ability of the flaw detector is realized.
[0023] 2. In the utility model, through the mutual cooperation between the structures of the first specimen, the second specimen, and the third specimen, the test of the flaw detection ability of planar damage by the dual-probe or multi-probe method is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 FIG. is a perspective view of a full-channel test specimen of a dual-rail ultrasonic flaw detector proposed by the utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the second specimen of a full-channel test specimen of a dual-rail ultrasonic flaw detector proposed by the utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the third specimen of a full-channel test specimen of a dual-rail ultrasonic flaw detector proposed by the utility model.
[0027] LEGEND DESCRIPTION:
[0028] 1. The first grooving; 2. Screw hole crack; 3. Grooving; 4. Short transverse hole; 5. Flat bottom hole one; 6. Flat bottom hole two; 7. Inclined crack one; 8. Tapered hole; 9. Flat bottom hole three; 10. Flat bottom hole four; 11. Grooving; 12. Inclined crack two; 13. The first specimen; 14. The second specimen; 15. The third specimen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0030] Refer to Figure 1 - Figure 3, an embodiment provided by the present utility model: a full-channel test specimen for a double-rail ultrasonic flaw detector, including specimen one 13, specimen two 14, and specimen three 15. The head region, web region, and bottom center region of specimen one 13 are arranged from top to bottom. Multiple notches one 1 are provided in the head region of specimen one 13, multiple screw hole cracks 2 are provided in the web region of specimen one 13, and multiple notches 3 are provided in the bottom center region of specimen one 13. The head region, head center region at both sides of the rail ends, web region, and bottom center region of specimen two 14 are arranged from top to bottom. Short transverse holes 4 are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the head region of specimen two 14, two flat-bottomed holes one 5 are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the head region of specimen two 14, two flat-bottomed holes two 6 are provided in the head center region at both sides of the rail ends of specimen two 14, multiple inclined cracks one 7 are provided in the web region of specimen two 14, a tapered hole 8 is provided in the bottom center region of specimen two 14. The two-side rail end region, two-side rail end head region, and web region of specimen three 15 are arranged from top to bottom. Multiple flat-bottomed holes three 9 are provided in the center of the projection area of the web region on both the two-side rail end regions of specimen three 15, flat-bottomed holes four 10 are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the two-side rail end head region of specimen three 15, slotted grooves 11 are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the web region of specimen three 15, and two inclined cracks two 12 are provided in the web region of specimen three 15.
[0031] Specifically, notch one 1 is used to test the detection ability of the primary wave of the inner and outer inclined 70° probes. Screw hole crack 2, inclined crack, and horizontal crack are used to test the detection ability of the 37° probe and 0° probe in the front and back directions for the crack of screw hole 2; 3 is used to test the detection ability of the 37° probe in the front and back directions for the transverse damage of the rail bottom; short transverse hole 4 is used to test the detection ability of the secondary wave of the inner and outer inclined 70° probes. Flat-bottomed hole one 5 is used to test the detection ability of the secondary wave of the inner and outer inclined 70° probes, and flat-bottomed hole two 6 is used to test the detection ability of the straight 70° probe in the front and back directions. Inclined crack one 7 is used to test the detection ability of the 37° probe in the front and back directions for the large-angle and small-angle inclined screw hole 2 cracks. Tapered hole 8 is used to test the penetration detection ability of the 0° probe. Flat-bottomed hole three 9 is used to test the detection ability of the double-probe or multi-probe method for the planar damage in the web projection area. Flat-bottomed hole four 10 is used to test the detection ability of the double-probe or multi-probe method for the planar damage on both sides of the rail head. Slotted groove 11 is used to test the detection ability of the double-probe or multi-probe method for the planar damage in the web region. Inclined crack two 12 is used to test the detection ability of the 37° probe in the front and back directions for the special small-angle screw hole 2 cracks.
[0032] Refer to Figure 1 - Figure 3, the depths of three adjacent grooves 1 are 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm respectively, the cracks in the screw hole 2 are 37° inclined cracks and horizontal cracks respectively, the depths of three adjacent grooves 3 are 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm respectively, the inclination of the flat-bottomed hole 6 is 70°, the cracks of two adjacent inclined cracks 1 are inclined cracks from 40° to 45° and from 25° to 30° respectively, the crack of the inclined crack 2 is an inclined crack from 15° to 20°, and the inclination of the tapered hole 8 is 120°.
[0033] Specifically, the grooves 1 with depths of 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm simulate different degrees of cracks or damages existing in the jaw part of the rail head, helping to test the detection ability of the flaw detector for defects of different sizes. The 37° inclined crack and the horizontal crack in the screw hole 2 simulate the crack types that appear around the bolt hole, including inclined and horizontal cracks, and are used to test the defect detection ability of the flaw detector in the bolt hole area. By setting grooves 3 with depths of 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm respectively, the transverse cracks or damages existing at the bottom of the rail are simulated, and the transverse defect detection ability of the flaw detector in the rail bottom area is tested. The flat-bottomed hole 6 with an inclination of 70° is set to test the detection ability of the flaw detector for damages of different depths in the center area of the rail head. The 40° to 45° and 25° to 30° inclined cracks in the inclined crack 1 are used to simulate inclined cracks of different angles and test the performance of the flaw detector in detecting inclined cracks, especially for cracks with different inclinations. The 15° to 20° inclined crack in the inclined crack 2 is used to further expand the angle range of the inclined crack and test the detection ability of the flaw detector for inclined cracks with smaller angles. The tapered hole 8 with an inclination of 120° is set to test the penetration detection ability of the flaw detector.
[0034] Working principle: Mechanical grooves or holes are made in different areas of the rail to simulate potential defects. Then, a double-rail ultrasonic flaw detector is used to detect these simulated defects. The flaw detector emits ultrasonic waves and judges the state of the internal structure of the rail by receiving the reflected waves. By comparing the detection results of the flaw detector with the actual simulated defects, the performance of the flaw detector can be evaluated, including its detection accuracy, sensitivity, and reliability. This process is a key step to ensure railway transportation safety. Through continuous testing and optimization, the performance of the flaw detector is improved, so as to better prevent and detect potential damages of the rail.
[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A full-channel test specimen for a dual-track ultrasonic flaw detector, comprising a first specimen (13), a second specimen (14) and a third specimen (15), characterized in that: The first specimen (13) is divided into a rail head area, a rail web area, and a center area of the rail base from top to bottom. A plurality of first grooves (1) are provided in the rail head area of the first specimen (13), a plurality of screw hole cracks (2) are provided in the rail web area of the first specimen (13), and a plurality of grooves (3) are provided in the center area of the rail base of the first specimen (13). The second specimen (14) is divided into a rail head area, a center area of the rail head at both rail ends, a rail web area, and a center area of the rail base from top to bottom. Short transverse holes (4) are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the rail head area of the second specimen (14), two first flat-bottom holes (5) are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the rail head area of the second specimen (14), two second flat-bottom holes (6) are provided in the center area of the rail head at both rail ends of the second specimen (14), a plurality of first inclined cracks (7) are provided in the rail web area of the second specimen (14), a tapered hole (8) is provided in the center area of the rail base of the second specimen (14), the third specimen (15) is divided into both rail end areas, both rail end rail head areas, and a rail web area from top to bottom. A plurality of third flat-bottom holes (9) are provided in the center of the projection area of the rail web area in both rail end areas of the third specimen (15), fourth flat-bottom holes (10) are provided on both the inner and outer sides of both rail end rail head areas of the third specimen (15), slotted grooves (11) are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the rail web area of the third specimen (15), and two second inclined cracks (12) are provided in the rail web area of the third specimen (15).
2. The full-channel test specimen of a double-track ultrasonic flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depths of three adjacent first grooves (1) are 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm respectively.
3. A full-channel test specimen for a dual-rail ultrasonic flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw hole cracks (2) are 37° inclined cracks and horizontal cracks respectively.
4. A full-channel test specimen for a dual-rail ultrasonic flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depths of three adjacent grooves (3) are 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm respectively.
5. A full-channel test specimen for a dual-track ultrasonic flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination of the second flat-bottom hole (6) is 70°.
6. A full-channel test specimen for a dual-track ultrasonic flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cracks of two adjacent first inclined cracks (7) are inclined cracks of 40° to 45° and 25° to 30° respectively.
7. A full-channel test specimen for a dual-rail ultrasonic flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crack of the second inclined crack (12) is an inclined crack of 15° to 20°.
8. A full-channel test specimen for a double-track ultrasonic flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination of the tapered hole (8) is 120°.